Glossary: Frequently Used Terms
R&S
®
ZNB/ZNBT
1278
User Manual 1173.9163.02 ─ 38
assigned to all new points below (above) the original sweep range. See also --> inter-
polation.
F
Forward:
A measurement on a two-port DUT is said to be in forward direction if the
source signal (stimulus) is applied to port 1 of the DUT.
H
Harmonic:
Integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. The fundamental is the first
harmonic, the nth harmonic is n times the frequency of the fundamental.
Harmonic distortion:
The production of harmonic frequencies (harmonics) by an elec-
tronic system when a signal is applied at the input.
Harmonic grid:
A set of equidistant frequency points f
i
(I = 1...n) with spacing Delta(f)
and the additional condition that f
1
= Delta(f). A harmonic grid is required for low pass
time domain transforms.
I
Intercept point:
Fictitious lower-tone DUT input/output level where the intermodulation
suppression (-->) for a given intermodulation product reaches 0 dB.
Intermodulation measurement:
Measurement where the DUT is supplied with two
RF signals of equal power but different frequencies termed the upper and lower tone.
The analyzer measures the frequency-converting behavior of the DUT (--> intermodu-
lation product).
Intermodulation product:
Special type of emissions of a nonlinear DUT that is sup-
plied with a two-tone RF signal (--> intermodulation measurement). The intermodula-
tion products occur at frequencies which correspond to sums and differences of the
upper and lower tone frequencies and their integer multiples.
Intermodulation suppression:
The ratio of the power of an --> intermodulation prod-
uct to the power of the lower tone fundamental wave.
Interpolation:
Calculation of a numeric value for a specific sweep point from the
numeric values of the adjacent points. The analyzer can interpolate calibration data,
transmission coefficients etc. in order to account for a modified set of sweep points. If
not otherwise stated, linear interpolation is used. See also --> extrapolation.
Isolation error:
Measurement error caused by a crosstalk between the source and
receive port of the analyzer.
