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ABB RELION Series, Technical Manual

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GUID-0A34B498-4FDB-44B3-A539-BAE8F10ABDF0 V2 EN

Figure 178:

Combined non-directional overconductance and non-directional

oversusceptance characteristic

The non-directional overconductance and non-directional
oversusceptance characteristic provides a good sensitivity and
selectivity when the characteristic is set to cover the total admittance
of the protected feeder with a proper margin.

The sign of the admittance characteristic settings should be
considered based on the location of characteristic boundary in the
admittance plane. All forward-settings are given with positive sign
and reverse-settings with negative sign.

4.2.4.6 

Application

Admittance-based earth-fault protection provides a selective earth-fault protection for
high-resistance earthed, unearthed and compensated networks. It can be applied for
the protection of overhead lines as well as with underground cables. It can be used as
an alternative solution to traditional residual current-based earth-fault protection
functions, for example the IoCos mode in DEFxPDEF. Main advantages of EFPADM
include versatile applicability, good sensitivity and easy setting principles.

1MRS758755 A

Section 4

Protection functions

REC615 and RER615

345

Technical Manual

Summary of Contents for RELION Series

Page 1: ... RELION PRODUCT FAMILY Grid Automation REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...Document ID 1MRS758755 Issued 2018 08 31 Revision A Product version 2 0 Copyright 2018 ABB All rights reserved ...

Page 4: ... this document is furnished under a license and may be used copied or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license Trademarks ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Warranty Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ...

Page 5: ...cted and communicate data and information via a network interface which should be connected to a secure network It is the sole responsibility of the person or entity responsible for network administration to ensure a secure connection to the network and to take the necessary measures such as but not limited to installation of firewalls application of authentication measures encryption of data inst...

Page 6: ...d concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits Low voltage directive 2014 35 EU This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standard EN 60255 26 for the EMC directive and with the product standards EN 60255 1 and EN 60255 27 for the low voltage directive The product is designed in accordance with the international standards of t...

Page 7: ...history 29 PCM600 and IED connectivity package version 30 Local HMI 30 Display 31 LEDs 32 Keypad 32 Web HMI 34 Authorization 35 Audit trail 35 Communication 38 Self healing Ethernet ring 38 Ethernet redundancy 39 Process bus 41 Secure communication 43 Section 3 Basic functions 45 Self supervision 45 Internal faults 45 Warnings 47 LED indication control 49 Function block 49 Functionality 49 Program...

Page 8: ...a 68 Nonvolatile memory 76 Sensor inputs for currents and voltages 77 Binary input 79 Binary input filter time 79 Binary input inversion 80 Oscillation suppression 81 Binary outputs 81 Power output contacts 82 Dual single pole power outputs PO1 and PO2 82 Double pole power outputs PO3 and PO4 with trip circuit supervision 83 Dual single pole high speed power outputs HSO1 HSO2 and HSO3 83 Signal ou...

Page 9: ...lues sending SMVSENDER 101 Functionality 101 Settings 102 IEC 61850 9 2 LE sampled values receiving SMVRCV 102 Function block 102 Functionality 102 Signals 102 ULTVTR function block 102 Function block 102 Functionality 103 Operation principle 103 Signals 104 Settings 104 Monitored data 105 RESTVTR function block 105 Function block 105 Functionality 105 Operation principle 105 Signals 106 Settings ...

Page 10: ...gnals 110 GOOSERCV_ENUM function block 111 Function block 111 Functionality 111 Signals 111 GOOSERCV_INT32 function block 111 Function block 111 Functionality 111 Signals 111 Type conversion function blocks 112 QTY_GOOD function block 112 Function block 112 Functionality 112 Signals 112 QTY_BAD function block 113 Function block 113 Functionality 113 Signals 113 QTY_GOOSE_COMM function block 113 Fu...

Page 11: ...blocks 119 Standard configurable logic blocks 119 OR function block 119 AND function block 122 XOR function block 124 NOT function block 124 MAX3 function block 125 MIN3 function block 126 R_TRIG function block 127 F_TRIG function block 127 T_POS_XX function blocks 128 SWITCHR function block 129 SWITCHI32 function block 130 SR function block 131 RS function block 132 Minimum pulse timer 133 Minimu...

Page 12: ...ata 144 Time delay on 8 pcs TONGAPC 144 Function block 144 Functionality 144 Signals 145 Settings 146 Technical data 146 Set reset 8 pcs SRGAPC 146 Function block 146 Functionality 147 Signals 147 Settings 148 Move 8 pcs MVGAPC 149 Function block 149 Functionality 149 Signals 149 Settings 150 Integer value move MVI4GAPC 150 Function block 150 Functionality 150 Signals 151 Analog value scaling SCA4...

Page 13: ...control points SPCRGAPC 167 Function block 167 Functionality 167 Operation principle 167 Signals 168 Settings 169 Local generic control points SPCLGAPC 171 Function block 171 Functionality 171 Operation principle 171 Signals 172 Settings 173 Programmable buttons 4 buttons FKEY4GGIO 175 Identification 175 Function block 175 Functionality 175 Operation principle 175 Signals 176 Settings 176 Generic ...

Page 14: ...on SCHLCCH 197 Function block 197 Functionality 197 Signals 198 Settings 198 Monitored data 199 Section 4 Protection functions 201 Three phase current protection 201 Three phase non directional overcurrent protection F PHxPTOC 201 Identification 201 Function block 201 Functionality 201 Operation principle 202 Measurement modes 204 Timer characteristics 205 Application 207 Signals 214 Settings 216 ...

Page 15: ...n 256 Signals 256 Settings 257 Monitored data 258 Technical data 258 Technical revision history 258 Loss of phase undercurrent PHPTUC 259 Identification 259 Function block 259 Functionality 259 Operation principle 259 Application 261 Signals 261 Settings 262 Monitored data 262 Technical data 262 Earth fault protection 263 Non directional earth fault protection F EFxPTOC 263 Identification 263 Func...

Page 16: ...ransient intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF 315 Identification 315 Function block 316 Functionality 316 Operation principle 316 Application 321 Signals 322 Settings 323 Monitored data 323 Technical data 324 Technical revision history 324 Admittance based earth fault protection EFPADM 324 Identification 324 Function block 325 Functionality 325 Operation principle 326 Neutral admittance ch...

Page 17: ...equency admittance based earth fault protection MFADPSDE 373 Identification 373 Function block 374 Functionality 374 Operation principle 374 Application 391 Signals 393 Settings 393 Monitored data 394 Technical data 395 Unbalance protection 395 Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC 395 Identification 395 Function block 395 Functionality 395 Operation principle 396 Application 398 Signals...

Page 18: ...10 Signals 411 Settings 412 Monitored data 413 Technical data 413 Technical revision history 414 Three phase undervoltage protection PHPTUV 414 Identification 414 Function block 414 Functionality 414 Operation principle 414 Timer characteristics 418 Application 418 Signals 419 Settings 419 Monitored data 421 Technical data 421 Technical revision history 421 Residual overvoltage protection ROVPTOV ...

Page 19: ... 431 Functionality 431 Operation principle 431 Application 432 Signals 433 Settings 433 Monitored data 434 Technical data 434 Technical revision history 435 Frequency protection 435 Frequency protection FRPFRQ 435 Identification 435 Function block 435 Functionality 435 Operation principle 436 Application 439 Signals 440 Settings 441 Monitored data 441 Technical data 442 Technical revision history ...

Page 20: ... principle 457 Application 459 Signals 459 Settings 460 Monitored data 460 Technical data 460 Section 5 Protection related functions 461 Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR 461 Identification 461 Function block 461 Functionality 461 Operation principle 461 Application 463 Signals 464 Settings 464 Monitored data 464 Technical data 465 Technical revision history 465 Circuit breaker failure protectio...

Page 21: ...election logic 483 Fault impedance and distance calculation 484 Trigger detection 499 Alarm indication 500 Recorded data 501 Measurement modes 501 Application 502 Signals 503 Settings 503 Monitored data 505 Technical data 507 Technical revision history 507 Section 6 Supervision functions 509 Trip circuit supervision TCSSCBR 509 Identification 509 Function block 509 Functionality 509 Operation prin...

Page 22: ...PR 530 Identification 530 Function block 530 Functionality 530 Operation principle 530 Application 532 Signals 533 Settings 533 Monitored data 534 Technical data 534 Section 7 Condition monitoring functions 535 Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR 535 Identification 535 Function block 535 Functionality 535 Operation principle 535 Circuit breaker status 536 Circuit breaker operation monitorin...

Page 23: ... 563 Technical data 565 Technical revision history 565 Three phase voltage measurement VMMXU 565 Identification 565 Function block 565 Signals 566 Settings 566 Monitored data 567 Technical data 568 Technical revision history 569 Residual current measurement RESCMMXU 569 Identification 569 Function block 569 Signals 569 Settings 570 Monitored data 570 Technical data 571 Technical revision history 5...

Page 24: ... voltage measurement VSMSQI 578 Identification 578 Function block 579 Signals 579 Settings 579 Monitored data 580 Technical data 581 Three phase power and energy measurement PEMMXU 581 Identification 581 Function block 581 Signals 582 Settings 582 Monitored data 583 Technical data 584 Technical revision history 585 Single phase power and energy measurement SPEMMXU 585 Identification 585 Function b...

Page 25: ...tor control DCXSWI 603 Identification 603 Function block 603 Functionality 603 Operation principle 604 Application 609 Signals 610 Settings 611 Monitored data 612 Technical revision history 613 Disconnector position indicator DCSXSWI and earthing switch indication ESSXSWI 613 Identification 613 Function block 613 Functionality 614 Operation principle 614 Application 614 Signals 615 Settings 615 Mo...

Page 26: ... controller 644 Protection coordination controller 645 Circuit breaker controller 646 Counters 648 Application 648 Shot initiation 649 Sequence 653 Configuration examples 654 Delayed initiation lines 657 Shot initiation from protection start signal 659 Fast trip in Switch on to fault 659 Signals 660 Settings 661 Monitored data 663 Technical data 665 Technical revision history 665 Automatic transfe...

Page 27: ...678 Settings 678 Monitored data 679 Technical revision history 679 Voltage variation PHQVVR 679 Identification 679 Function block 680 Functionality 680 Operation principle 680 Phase mode setting 681 Variation detection 681 Variation validation 683 Duration measurement 686 Three single phase selection variation examples 687 Recorded data 689 Application 691 Signals 693 Settings 694 Monitored data 6...

Page 28: ...1 IDMT curve saturation of overvoltage protection 752 IDMT curves for undervoltage protection 752 Standard inverse time characteristics for undervoltage protection 753 User programmable inverse time characteristics for undervoltage protection 755 IDMT curve saturation of undervoltage protection 756 Frequency measurement and protection 756 Measurement modes 757 Calculated measurements 759 Section 1...

Page 29: ...tion interfaces and protocols 769 Rear communication modules 769 COM0022 and COM0023 jumper locations and connections 771 COM0032 jumper locations and connections 778 Section 14 Technical data 781 Section 15 Protection relay and functionality tests 787 Section 16 Applicable standards and regulations 791 Section 17 Glossary 793 Table of contents REC615 and RER615 23 Technical Manual ...

Page 30: ...24 ...

Page 31: ...al service 1 2 Intended audience This manual addresses system engineers and installation and commissioning personnel who use technical data during engineering installation and commissioning and in normal service The system engineer must have a thorough knowledge of protection systems protection equipment protection functions and the configured functional logic in the protection relays The installa...

Page 32: ...col manual IEC 61850 Engineering guide Point list manual GUID 7414985D 2433 46E4 B77B CCE64F6FC8D0 V2 EN Figure 1 The intended use of documents during the product life cycle Product series and product specific manuals can be downloaded from the ABB Web site http www abb com relion 1 3 2 Document revision history Document revision date Product version History A 2018 08 31 2 0 First release Download...

Page 33: ... The caution icon indicates important information or warning related to the concept discussed in the text It might indicate the presence of a hazard which could result in corruption of software or damage to equipment or property The information icon alerts the reader of important facts and conditions The tip icon indicates advice on for example how to design your project or how to use a certain fu...

Page 34: ... LHMI messages are shown in Courier font To save the changes in nonvolatile memory select Yes and press Parameter names are shown in italics The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting Parameter values are indicated with quotation marks The corresponding parameter values are On and Off Input output messages and monitored data names are shown in Courier font When the functio...

Page 35: ...Os REC615 and RER615 relays support a range of communication protocols including IEC 61850 with Edition 2 support process bus according to IEC 61850 9 2 LE IEC 60870 5 101 104 Modbus and DNP3 2 1 1 Product series version history Product series version Product series history 1 0 REC615 released with configurations A B and C RER615 released with configurations A and D 1 1 Fault locator Transient int...

Page 36: ...I is used for setting monitoring and controlling the protection relay The LHMI comprises the display buttons LED indicators and communication port Overcur rent Dir ea rth fault Combined P rotection In sync fo close Frequen cy p rotection Brea ker failure Disturb rec t rigge red CB condi tion moni toring Supe rvision Autoreclose shot in p rog REA DY START PIC KUP TRIP ESC CLEAR R L HELP MENU CLOSE ...

Page 37: ...5 20 Large variable width 13 14 pixels 3 8 or more 1 Depending on the selected language Table 2 Large display Character size1 Rows in the view Characters per row Small mono spaced 6 12 pixels 10 20 Large variable width 13 14 pixels 7 8 or more 1 Depending on the selected language The display view is divided into four basic areas 1 2 3 4 A070705 V3 EN Figure 3 Display layout 1 Header 2 Icon 3 Conte...

Page 38: ...ypad The LHMI keypad contains push buttons which are used to navigate in different views or menus Using the push buttons open or close commands can be given to objects in the primary circuit for example a circuit breaker a contactor or a disconnector The push buttons are also used to acknowledge alarms reset indications provide help and switch between local and remote control mode Section 2 1MRS75...

Page 39: ...443129246 V1 EN Figure 5 LHMI keypad 1 Function keys 2 Close 3 Open 4 Escape 5 Left 6 Up 7 Down 8 Right 9 Enter 10 Key 11 Clear 12 Menu 13 Remote Local 14 Communication port 15 Help 1MRS758755 A Section 2 REC615 and RER615 overview REC615 and RER615 33 Technical Manual ...

Page 40: ...I offers several functions Programmable LEDs and event lists System supervision Parameter settings Measurement display Disturbance records Fault records Load profile record Phasor diagram Single line diagram Importing Exporting parameters Report summary The menu tree structure on the WHMI is almost identical to the one on the LHMI GUID EC45286A E8F6 44EA B63A 9874E23BC24E V2 EN Figure 6 Example vi...

Page 41: ...or local state with only locally Changing setting groups Controlling Clearing indications ENGINEER Changing settings Clearing event list Clearing disturbance records Changing system settings such as IP address serial baud rate or disturbance recorder settings Setting the protection relay to test mode Selecting language ADMINISTRATOR All listed above Changing password Factory default activation For...

Page 42: ...nfiguration change Configuration files changed Firmware change Firmware changed Firmware change fail Firmware change failed Attached to retrofit test case Unit has been attached to retrofit case Removed from retrofit test case Removed from retrofit test case Setting group remote User changed setting group remotely Setting group local User changed setting group locally Control remote DPC object con...

Page 43: ...uthority logging level parameter via Configuration Authorization Security This exposes audit trail events to all users Table 5 Comparison of authority logging levels Audit trail event Authority logging level None Configurati on change Setting group Setting group control Settings edit All Configuration change Firmware change Firmware change fail Attached to retrofit test case Removed from retrofit ...

Page 44: ...e left for example for IEC 61850 and Modbus All communication connectors except for the front port connector are placed on integrated optional communication modules The protection relay can be connected to Ethernet based communication systems via the RJ 45 connector 100Base TX or the fiber optic LC connector 100Base FX 2 5 1 Self healing Ethernet ring For the correct operation of self healing loop...

Page 45: ... system availability for substation communication It is based on two complementary protocols defined in the IEC 62439 3 2012 standard parallel redundancy protocol PRP and high availability seamless redundancy HSR protocol Both protocols rely on the duplication of all transmitted information via two Ethernet ports for one logical network connection Therefore both are able to overcome the failure of...

Page 46: ...re either attached to one network only and can therefore communicate only with DANs and SANs attached to the same network or are attached through a redundancy box a device that behaves like a DAN Ethernet switch IEC 61850 PRP Ethernet switch SCADA COM600 GUID 334D26B1 C3BD 47B6 BD9D 2301190A5E9D V2 EN Figure 8 PRP solution In case a laptop or a PC workstation is connected as a non PRP node to one ...

Page 47: ...d printers must be attached through a redundancy box that acts as a ring element For example a 615 or 620 series protection relay with HSR support can be used as a redundancy box GUID 207430A7 3AEC 42B2 BC4D 3083B3225990 V2 EN Figure 9 HSR solution 2 5 3 Process bus Process bus IEC 61850 9 2 defines the transmission of Sampled Measured Values within the substation automation system International U...

Page 48: ... SMV GOOSE SMV GOOSE GUID 2371EFA7 4369 4F1A A23F CF0CE2D474D3 V5 EN Figure 10 Process bus application of voltage sharing and synchrocheck REC615 and RER615 support IEC 61850 process bus with sampled values of analog currents and voltages The measured values are transferred as sampled values using the IEC 61850 9 2 LE protocol which uses the same physical Ethernet network as the IEC 61850 8 1 stat...

Page 49: ...puts Another requirement is a communication card with IEEE 1588 v2 support COM0031 COM0037 See the IEC 61850 engineering guide for detailed system requirements and configuration details 2 5 4 Secure communication The protection relay supports secure communication for WHMI and file transfer protocol If the Secure Communication parameter is activated protocols require TLS based encryption method sup...

Page 50: ...44 ...

Page 51: ...e a code date and time is shown to indicate the fault type Different actions are taken depending on the severity of the fault The protection relay tries to eliminate the fault by restarting After the fault is found to be permanent the protection relay stays in the internal fault mode All other output contacts are released and locked for the internal fault The protection relay continues to perform ...

Page 52: ...4 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card located in slot X110 Internal Fault SO relay s X120 45 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card located in slot X120 Internal Fault SO relay s X130 46 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card located in slot X130 Internal Fault PO relay s X100 53 Faulty Power Output relay s in card located in slot X100 Internal Fault PO relay s X110 54 Faulty Power Output relay s in ...

Page 53: ...s faulty Internal Fault LHMI module 79 LHMI module is faulty The fault indication may not be seen on the LHMI during the fault Internal Fault RAM error 80 Error in the RAM memory on the CPU card Internal Fault ROM error 81 Error in the ROM memory on the CPU card Internal Fault EEPROM error 82 Error in the EEPROM memory on the CPU card Internal Fault FPGA error 83 Error in the FPGA on the CPU card ...

Page 54: ...e Report control block s Warning GOOSE contr error 26 Error in the GOOSE control block s Warning SCL config error 27 Error in the SCL configuration file or the file is missing Warning Logic error 28 Too many connections in the configuration Warning SMT logic error 29 Error in the SMT connections Warning GOOSE input error 30 Error in the GOOSE connections ACT error 31 Error in the ACT connections W...

Page 55: ...C that is used with the protection indication LEDs LED indication control should never be used for tripping purposes There is a separate trip logic function TRPPTRC available in the relay configuration LED indication control is preconfigured in a such way that all the protection function general start and operate signals are combined with this function available as output signals OUT_START and OUT...

Page 56: ...rent Dir ea rth fault Combined P rotection In sync fo close Frequen cy p rotection Brea ker failure Disturb rec t rigge red CB condi tion moni toring Supe rvision Autoreclose shot in p rog REA DY START PIC KUP TRIP ESC CLEAR R L HELP MENU CLOSE OPEN F1 F4 F3 F2 RE_615 A070704 V5 EN Figure 15 Programmable LEDs on the right side of the display Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 50 REC615 and RER...

Page 57: ...vides a means for resetting the individual LED via communication The LED can also be reset from configuration with the RESET input The resetting and clearing function for all LEDs is under the Clear menu The menu structure for the programmable LEDs is presented in Figure 16 The common color selection setting Alarm colour for all ALARM inputs is in the General menu while the LED specific settings a...

Page 58: ...s mode is a latched function At the activation of the input signal the alarm shows a steady light After acknowledgement by the local operator pressing any key on the keypad the alarm disappears Activating signal LED Acknow GUID 055146B3 780B 43E6 9E06 9FD8D342E881 V1 EN Figure 19 Operating sequence Latched S LatchedAck F S Latched Flashing ON This mode is a latched function At the activation of th...

Page 59: ...BOOLEAN 0 False Ok input for LED 4 ALARM BOOLEAN 0 False Alarm input for LED 4 RESET BOOLEAN 0 False Reset input for LED 4 OK BOOLEAN 0 False Ok input for LED 5 ALARM BOOLEAN 0 False Alarm input for LED 5 RESET BOOLEAN 0 False Reset input for LED 5 OK BOOLEAN 0 False Ok input for LED 6 ALARM BOOLEAN 0 False Alarm input for LED 6 RESET BOOLEAN 0 False Reset input for LED 6 OK BOOLEAN 0 False Ok inp...

Page 60: ...ription Programmable LEDs LED 1 Programmable LED description Alarm mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for programmable LED 2 Description Programmable LEDs LED 2 Programmable LED description Alarm mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for programmable LED 3 Description Programmable LEDs LED 3 Programmable LED descrip...

Page 61: ...mode for programmable LED 9 Description Programmable LEDs LED 9 Programmable LED description Alarm mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for programmable LED 10 Description Programmable LEDs LED 10 Programmable LED description Alarm mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for programmable LED 11 Description Programmable ...

Page 62: ...us of programmable LED 10 Programmable LED 11 Enum 0 None 1 Ok 3 Alarm Status of programmable LED 11 3 4 Time synchronization 3 4 1 Time master supervision GNRLLTMS 3 4 1 1 Function block GUID 52938D64 7CEC 4CFC BBC1 04FA6860EAD1 V1 EN Figure 21 Function block 3 4 1 2 Functionality The protection relay has an internal real time clock which can be either free running or synchronized from an externa...

Page 63: ...dundancy support COM0031 COM0037 When Modbus TCP or DNP3 over TCP IP is used SNTP or IRIG B time synchronization should be used for better synchronization accuracy With the legacy protocols the synchronization message must be received within four minutes from the previous synchronization Otherwise bad synchronization status is raised for the protection relay With SNTP it is required that the SNTP ...

Page 64: ...urce 0 None 1 SNTP 2 Modbus 3 IEEE 1588 5 IRIG B 9 DNP 17 IEC60870 5 10 3 1 SNTP Time synchronization source PTP domain ID 0 255 1 0 The domain is identified by an integer the domainNumber in the range of 0 to 255 PTP priority 1 0 255 1 128 PTP priority 1 in the range of 0 to 255 PTP priority 2 0 255 1 128 PTP priority 2 in the range of 0 to 255 PTP announce mode 1 Basic IEEE1588 2 Power Profile 1...

Page 65: ... DST on date day 1 31 1 Daylight saving time on date dd mm DST on date month 1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 5 May Daylight saving time on date dd mm DST on day weekday 0 reserved 1 Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday 6 Saturday 7 Sunday 0 reserved Daylight saving time on day of week DST off time hours 0 ...

Page 66: ...3CA26154C V2 EN Figure 22 Function block 3 5 2 Functionality The protection relay supports six setting groups Each setting group contains parameters categorized as group settings inside application functions The customer can change the active setting group at run time The active setting group can be changed by a parameter or via binary inputs depending on the mode selected with the Configuration S...

Page 67: ...ing group SG is changed whenever switching the SG operation mode setting from Operator to either Logic mode 1 or Logic mode 2 Thus it is recommended to select the preferred operation mode at the time of installation and commissioning and not change it throughout the protection relay s service Changing the SG operation mode setting from Logic mode 1 to Logic mode 2 or from Logic mode 2 to Logic mod...

Page 68: ...ode 3 6 1 Function blocks GUID DFF8F71A 895C 4C06 B287 63C3CA26154C V2 EN GUID FA386432 3AEF 468D B25E D1C5BDA838E3 V3 EN Figure 23 Function blocks 3 6 2 Functionality The mode of all the logical nodes in the relay s IEC 61850 data model can be set with Test mode Test mode is selected through one common parameter via the WHMI path Tests IED test By default Test mode can only be set locally through...

Page 69: ...nd blocked modes 3 6 3 Application configuration and Test mode The physical outputs from control commands to process are blocked with IED blocked and IED test and blocked modes If physical outputs need to be blocked from the protection the application configuration must be used to block these signals Blocking scheme needs to use BEH_BLK output of PROTECTION function block 3 6 4 Control mode The mo...

Page 70: ...parameter via Tests IED test Test mode Remote operation is possible only when control position of the relay is in remote position Local and remote control can be selected with R L button or via Control function block in application configuration When using the Signal Monitoring tool to force online values the following conditions need to be met Remote force is set to All levels Test mode is enable...

Page 71: ... output signals Name Type Description SG_LOGIC_SEL BOOLEAN Logic selection for setting group SG_1_ACT BOOLEAN Setting group 1 is active SG_2_ACT BOOLEAN Setting group 2 is active SG_3_ACT BOOLEAN Setting group 3 is active SG_4_ACT BOOLEAN Setting group 4 is active SG_5_ACT BOOLEAN Setting group 5 is active SG_6_ACT BOOLEAN Setting group 6 is active BEH_BLK BOOLEAN Logical device LD0 block status B...

Page 72: ...he start duration shows the protection function that has started first Start duration that has the value of 100 indicates that a protection function has operated during the fault and if none of the protection functions has been operated Start duration shows always values less than 100 The Fault recorded data Protection and Start duration is from the same protection function The Fault recorded data...

Page 73: ...suring mode for phase current and residual current values can be selected with the Measurement mode setting parameter 3 7 3 Settings Table 26 FLTRFRC Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Trig mode 0 From all faults 1 From operate 2 From only start 0 From all faults Triggering mode Table 27 FLTRFRC Non group setting...

Page 74: ...LPTOC2 19 EFLPTOC3 21 DEFHPDEF 4 22 EFHPTOC1 23 EFHPTOC2 24 EFHPTOC3 25 EFHPTOC4 30 EFIPTOC1 31 EFIPTOC2 32 EFIPTOC3 33 DPHHPDOC 4 34 DPHLPDOC 4 35 NSPTOC1 36 NSPTOC2 7 INTRPTEF1 5 STTPMSU1 3 JAMPTOC1 41 PDNSPTOC 1 44 T1PTTR1 46 T2PTTR1 47 DEFLPDEF4 48 MPTTR1 50 DEFLPDEF1 51 DEFLPDEF2 53 DEFHPDEF 1 56 EFPADM1 57 EFPADM2 58 EFPADM3 59 FRPFRQ1 60 FRPFRQ2 61 FRPFRQ3 62 FRPFRQ4 63 FRPFRQ5 64 FRPFRQ6 P...

Page 75: ...LDF1 92 LREFPNDF1 94 MPDIF1 96 HREFPDIF1 100 ROVPTOV 1 101 ROVPTOV 2 102 ROVPTOV 3 104 PHPTOV1 105 PHPTOV2 106 PHPTOV3 108 PHPTUV1 109 PHPTUV2 110 PHPTUV3 112 NSPTOV1 113 NSPTOV2 116 PSPTUV1 118 ARCSARC 1 119 ARCSARC 2 120 ARCSARC 3 96 SPHIPTOC 1 93 SPHLPTOC 2 92 SPHLPTOC 1 89 SPHHPTOC 2 88 SPHHPTOC 1 87 SPHPTUV4 86 SPHPTUV3 85 SPHPTUV2 Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic fun...

Page 76: ...OC5 27 EFHPTOC6 37 NSPTOC3 38 NSPTOC4 45 T1PTTR2 54 DEFHPDEF 2 75 DPHHPDOC 2 89 LOFLPTUC2 103 ROVPTOV 4 117 PSPTUV2 13 PHPTUC3 3 PHLPTOC3 10 PHHPTOC5 11 PHHPTOC6 28 EFHPTOC7 29 EFHPTOC8 107 PHPTOV4 111 PHPTUV4 114 NSPTOV3 115 NSPTOV4 30 PHDSTPDI S1 29 TR3PTDF1 28 HICPDIF1 27 HIBPDIF1 26 HIAPDIF1 32 LSHDPFRQ 8 31 LSHDPFRQ 7 70 LSHDPFRQ 6 Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic fun...

Page 77: ...C2 52 FDPHLPDO C1 50 FPHLPTOC 1 47 MAP12GAP C8 46 MAP12GAP C7 45 MAP12GAP C6 44 MAP12GAP C5 43 MAP12GAP C4 42 MAP12GAP C3 41 MAP12GAP C2 40 MAP12GAP C1 37 HAEFPTOC 1 35 WPWDE3 34 WPWDE2 33 WPWDE1 52 DEFLPDEF3 84 MAPGAPC8 93 LREFPNDF2 97 HREFPDIF2 117 XDEFLPD EF2 116 XDEFLPD EF1 115 SDPHLPD OC2 114 SDPHLPD OC1 Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 71 ...

Page 78: ... COLPTOC1 106 MAPGAPC 16 105 MAPGAPC 15 104 MAPGAPC 14 103 MAPGAPC 13 76 MAPGAPC1 8 75 MAPGAPC1 7 62 SRCPTOC1 74 DOPPDPR3 73 DOPPDPR2 70 DUPPDPR2 58 UZPDIS1 36 UEXPDIS1 14 MFADPSDE 1 10 LVRTPTUV 1 8 LVRTPTUV2 6 LVRTPTUV3 122 DPH3LPD OC1 121 DPH3HPD OC2 120 DPH3HPD OC1 119 PH3LPTO C2 118 PH3LPTO C1 79 PH3HPTOC 2 78 PH3HPTOC 1 77 PH3IPTOC1 Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic fu...

Page 79: ...32 0 00 1000000 0 0 ohm Fault resistance Fault reactance FLOAT32 0 0 1000000 0 ohm Fault reactance Fault loop Ris FLOAT32 1000 00 1000 00 ohm Resistance of fault loop PHDSTPDIS1 Fault loop React FLOAT32 1000 00 1000 00 ohm Reactance of fault loop PHDSTPDIS1 Active group INT32 1 6 Active setting group Shot pointer INT32 1 7 Autoreclosing shot pointer value Max diff current IL1 FLOAT32 0 000 80 000 ...

Page 80: ...um phase C current Max current Io FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Maximum residual current Current IL1 FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Phase A current Current IL2 FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Phase B current Current IL3 FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Phase C current Current Io FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Residual current Current Io Calc FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Calculated residual current Current Ps Seq FLOAT32 0 000 50 000...

Page 81: ...nce current c Current Ng SeqC FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Negative sequence current c Voltage UL1 FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xUn Phase A voltage Voltage UL2 FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xUn Phase B voltage Voltage UL3 FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xUn Phase C voltage Voltage U12 FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xUn Phase A to phase B voltage Voltage U23 FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xUn Phase B to phase C voltage Voltage U31 FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xUn...

Page 82: ...Angle U23 IL1 FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Angle phase B to phase C voltage phase A current Angle U31 IL2 FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Angle phase C to phase A voltage phase B current Angle U12 IL3 FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Angle phase A to phase B voltage phase C current Angle UoB IoB FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Angle residual voltage residual current b Angle U23B IL1B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Angle pha...

Page 83: ... Amplitude corr A B C and Angle correction factor is named Angle corr A B C These correction factors can be found on the Sensor s rating plate If the correction factors are not available contact the sensor manufacturer for more information Rogowski sensor setting example In this example an 80 A 0 150 V at 50 Hz sensor is used and the application has a 150 A nominal current In As the Rogowski senso...

Page 84: ...pecified the Nominal Current setting should always be the same as the Primary Current setting If the ratio of the application nominal current In and sensor rated primary current Ipr becomes higher and the rated secondary value needs to be set higher than 46 875 mV Hz the highest value that the relay is able to measure before the current sensor input is saturated is smaller than the maximum setting...

Page 85: ... type is always set to CVD sensor and it cannot be changed The same applies for the VT connection parameter which is always set to WYE type The division ratio for ABB voltage sensors is most often 10000 1 Thus the Division ratio parameter is usually set to 10000 The primary voltage is proportionally divided by this division ratio Table 31 Example setting values for voltage sensor Setting Value Pri...

Page 86: ...put change is t0 The high state starting from t1 is detected and the time tag t1 is attached Each binary input has a filter time parameter Input filter where is the number of the binary input of the module in question for example Input 1 filter Table 32 Input filter parameter values Parameter Values Default Input filter time 5 1000 ms 5 ms 3 10 2 Binary input inversion The parameter Input invert i...

Page 87: ...put is deblocked the status is valid and an event is generated Table 34 Oscillation parameter values Parameter Values Default Input osc level 2 50 events s 30 events s Input osc hyst 2 50 events s 10 events s 3 11 Binary outputs The protection relay provides a number of binary outputs used for tripping executing local or remote control actions of a breaker or a disconnector and for connecting the ...

Page 88: ... burden lockout or trip relays 3 11 1 1 Dual single pole power outputs PO1 and PO2 Dual series connected single pole normally open form A power output contacts PO1 and PO2 are rated for continuous current of 8 A The contacts are normally used for closing circuit breakers and energizing high burden trip relays They can be arranged to trip the circuit breakers when the trip circuit supervision is no...

Page 89: ...module located in slot X100 of the protection relay 3 11 1 3 Dual single pole high speed power outputs HSO1 HSO2 and HSO3 HSO1 HSO2 and HSO3 are dual parallel connected single pole normally open form A high speed power outputs The high speed power output is a hybrid discrete and electromechanical output that is rated as a power output The outputs are normally used in applications that require fast...

Page 90: ...he signal output contacts are used for energizing for example external low burden trip relays auxiliary relays annunciators and LEDs A single signal contact is rated for a continuous current of 5 A It has a make and carry for 0 5 seconds at 15 A When two contacts are connected in parallel the relay is of a different design It has the make and carry rating of 30 A for 0 5 seconds This can be applie...

Page 91: ...y module of the protection relay 10 11 12 X100 SO1 14 13 X100 SO2 GUID 83F96C39 652F 494A A226 FD106568C228 V1 EN Figure 30 Signal outputs SO1 and SO2 in power supply module 3 11 2 3 Signal outputs SO1 SO2 SO3 and SO4 in BIO0005 The optional card BIO0005 provides the signal outputs SO1 SO2 SO3 and SO4 Signal outputs SO1 and SO2 are dual parallel form C contacts SO3 is a single form C contact and S...

Page 92: ...1 Signal output in BIO0005 3 11 2 4 Signal outputs SO1 SO2 and SO3 in BIO0006 The optional card BIO0006 provides the signal outputs SO1 SO2 and SO3 Signal outputs SO1 and SO2 are dual parallel form C contacts SO3 is a single form C contact Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 86 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 93: ... 2 Operation principle All the inputs of the module are independent RTD and mA channels with individual protection reference and optical isolation for each input making them galvanically isolated from each other and from the rest of the module However the RTD inputs share a common ground 3 12 2 1 Selection of input signal type The function module inputs accept current or resistance type signals Th...

Page 94: ... DC milliampere signal and the application requires a linear scaling of the input range the Value unit setting value has to be Dimensionless where the input range can be linearly scaled with settings Input minimum and Input maximum to Value minimum and Value maximum When milliampere is used as an output unit Value unit has to be Ampere When Value unit is set to Ampere the linear scaling is not pos...

Page 95: ...sion Each input contains a functionality to monitor the input measurement chain The circuitry monitors the RTD channels continuously and reports a circuitry break of any enabled input channel If the measured input value is outside the limits minimum maximum value is shown in the corresponding output The quality of the corresponding output is set accordingly to indicate misbehavior in the RTD mA in...

Page 96: ... an individual limit value supervision function The measured value contains the corresponding range information AI_RANGE and has a value in the range of 0 to 4 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low The range information changes and the new values are reported AI_RANGE 1 AI_RANGE 3 AI_RANGE 0 Hysteresis Val high high limit Val high limit Val low limit Val low low limit AI_RANGE 2 AI_RANGE 4 Y...

Page 97: ...tly to exceed the limit value before it is considered out of range 3 12 2 8 Deadband supervision Each input has an independent deadband supervision The deadband supervision function reports the measured value according to integrated changes over a time period GUID 63CA9A0F 24D8 4BA8 A667 88632DF53284 V1 EN Figure 35 Integral deadband supervision The deadband value used in the integral calculation ...

Page 98: ...e set to the extremes thus it is very important to set correct limit values to suit the application before the deadband supervision works properly 3 12 2 9 RTD temperature vs resistance Table 39 Temperature vs resistance Temp C Platinum TCR 0 00385 Nickel TCR 0 00618 Copper TCR 0 00427 Pt 100 Pt 250 Ni 100 Ni 120 Ni 250 Cu 10 40 84 27 210 675 79 1 94 92 197 75 7 49 30 88 22 220 55 84 1 100 92 210 ...

Page 99: ... 421 15 223 2 267 84 558 200 175 84 439 6 240 7 288 84 601 75 3 12 2 10 RTD mA input connection RTD inputs can be used with a 2 wire or 3 wire connection with common ground When using the 3 wire connection it is important that all three wires connecting the sensor are symmetrical that is the wires are of the same type and length Thus the wire resistance is automatically compensated GUID BC4182F7 F...

Page 100: ... X130 1 2 11 12 Transducer Sensor Shunt 44 Ω GUID 88E6BD08 06B8 4ED3 B937 4CC549697684 V1 EN Figure 38 mA wiring connection 3 12 2 11 RTD mA card variants The available variants of RTD cards are 6RTD 2mA and 2RTD 1mA The features are similar in both cards Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 94 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 101: ...ion Resistance and temperature sensors can be connected to the 6RTD 2mA board with 3 wire and 2 wire connections Resistor sensor X110 mA mA1 mA mA2 RTD1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 RTD2 RTD3 GUID CEF1FA63 A641 4F5E 89A3 E1529307D198 V2 EN Figure 39 Three RTD sensors and two resistance sensors connected according to the 3 wire connection for 6RTD 2mA card 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions R...

Page 102: ... Transducer Sensor Shunt 44 Ω GUID FC23D8FC E9BF 4B62 B8AA 52B4EDE2FF12 V2 EN Figure 41 mA wiring connection for 6RTD 2mA card 2RTD 1mA card This type of card accepts one milliampere input two inputs from RTD sensors and five inputs from VTs The Input 1 is assigned for current measurements inputs 2 and 3 are for RTD sensors and inputs 4 to 8 are used for measuring input data from VT Section 3 1MRS...

Page 103: ...015 46E7 A0D9 2B580F436B2E V2 EN Figure 42 Two RTD and resistance sensors connected according to the 3 wire connection for RTD mA card Resistor sensor X130 mA mA RTD1 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 RTD2 5 GUID F939E7EE B932 4002 9D27 1CEA7C595E0B V2 EN Figure 43 Two RTD and resistance sensors connected according to the 2 wire connection for RTD mA card 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 97 Te...

Page 104: ...FLOAT32 mA input Connectors 3 4 instantaneous value AI_VAL3 FLOAT32 RTD input Connectors 5 6 11c instantaneous value AI_VAL4 FLOAT32 RTD input Connectors 7 8 11c instantaneous value AI_VAL5 FLOAT32 RTD input Connectors 9 10 11c instantaneous value AI_VAL6 FLOAT32 RTD input Connectors 13 14 12c instantaneous value AI_VAL7 FLOAT32 RTD input Connectors 15 16 12c instantaneous value AI_VAL8 FLOAT32 RT...

Page 105: ...or supervision Value high limit 10000 0 10000 0 1 10000 0 Output value high warning limit for supervision Value low limit 10000 0 10000 0 1 10000 0 Output value low warning limit for supervision Value low low limit 10000 0 10000 0 1 10000 0 Output value low alarm limit for supervision Value deadband 100 100000 1 1000 Deadband configuration value for integral calculation percentage of difference be...

Page 106: ... 001 s 3 12 5 Monitored data Table 43 Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description AI_DB1 FLOAT32 10000 0 10000 0 mA input Connectors 1 2 reported value AI_RANGE1 Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low mA input Connectors 1 2 range AI_DB2 FLOAT32 10000 0 10000 0 mA input Connectors 3 4 reported value AI_RANGE2 Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low mA input Connectors...

Page 107: ...nectors 17 18 12c range 3 13 SMV function blocks SMV function blocks are used in the process bus applications with the sending of the sampled values of analog currents and voltages and with the receiving of the sampled values of voltages 3 13 1 IEC 61850 9 2 LE sampled values sending SMVSENDER 3 13 1 1 Functionality The SMVSENDER function block is used for activating the SMV sending functionality ...

Page 108: ...VRCV function block is used for activating the SMV receiving functionality 3 13 2 3 Signals Table 45 SMVRCV Output signals Name Type Description UL1 INT32 UL1 IEC61850 9 2 phase 1 voltage UL2 INT32 UL2 IEC61850 9 2 phase 2 voltage UL3 INT32 UL3 IEC61850 9 2 phase 3 voltage U0 INT32 Uo IEC61850 9 2 residual voltage 3 13 3 ULTVTR function block 3 13 3 1 Function block GUID 16BA49F4 A98B 40FD B24A C2...

Page 109: ...he ALARM output This parameter can be accessed via Configuration System Common Waiting of the SMV frames also delays the local measurements of the receiver to keep them correctly time aligned The SMV Max Delay values include sampling processing and network delay The MINCB_OPEN input signal is supposed to be connected through a protection relay s binary input to the NC auxiliary contact of the mini...

Page 110: ...1 1000 0 0001 1 0000 Phase A Voltage phasor magnitude correction of an external voltage transformer Amplitude Corr B 0 9000 1 1000 0 0001 1 0000 Phase B Voltage phasor magnitude correction of an external voltage transformer Amplitude Corr C 0 9000 1 1000 0 0001 1 0000 Phase C Voltage phasor magnitude correction of an external voltage transformer Division ratio 1000 20000 1 10000 Voltage sensor div...

Page 111: ...ciple The ALARM in the receiver is activated if the synchronization accuracy of the sender or the receiver is either unknown or worse than 100 ms The output is held on for 10 seconds after the synchronization accuracy returns within limits ALARM is activated when two or more consecutive SMV frames are lost or late A single loss of frame is corrected with a zero order hold scheme In this case the e...

Page 112: ...TR Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Primary voltage 0 100 440 000 kV 0 001 11 547 Primary voltage Secondary voltage 60 210 V 1 100 Secondary voltage Amplitude Corr 0 9000 1 1000 0 0001 1 0000 Amplitude correction Angle correction 20 0000 20 0000 deg 0 0001 0 0000 Angle correction factor 3 13 4 6 Monitored data Monitored data is available in three locati...

Page 113: ...tus The IN input is defined in the GOOSE configuration and can always be seen in SMT sheet Settings 3 14 1 GOOSERCV_BIN function block 3 14 1 1 Function block GUID 44EF4D6E 7389 455C BDE5 B127678E2CBC V1 EN Figure 48 Function block 3 14 1 2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_BIN function is used to connect the GOOSE binary inputs to the application 3 14 1 3 Signals Table 52 GOOSERCV_BIN Output signals Nam...

Page 114: ... B9F8 46EA 9831 477AC665D0F7 V1 EN Figure 50 Function block 3 14 3 2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_MV function is used to connect the GOOSE measured value inputs to the application 3 14 3 3 Signals Table 54 GOOSERCV_MV Output signals Name Type Description OUT FLOAT32 Output signal VALID BOOLEAN Output signal 3 14 4 GOOSERCV_INT8 function block 3 14 4 1 Function block GUID B4E1495B F797 4CFF BD19 AF02...

Page 115: ...used to connect the GOOSE double binary input to the application and extracting single binary position signals from the double binary position signal The OP output signal indicates that the position is open Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid status The CL output signal indicates that the position is closed Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid status The ...

Page 116: ...alue inputs to the application The MAG_IN amplitude and ANG_IN angle inputs are defined in the GOOSE configuration PCM600 The MAG output passes the received GOOSE amplitude value for the application Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid status The ANG output passes the received GOOSE angle value for the application Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid statu...

Page 117: ...iption OUT Enum Output signal VALID BOOLEAN Output signal 3 14 8 GOOSERCV_INT32 function block 3 14 8 1 Function block GUID 61FF1ECC 507D 4B6D 8CA5 713A59F58D5C V1 EN Figure 55 Function block 3 14 8 2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_INT32 function block is used to connect GOOSE 32 bit integer inputs to the application 3 14 8 3 Signals Table 59 GOOSERCV_INT32 Output signals Name Type Description OUT INT...

Page 118: ...nary input application function output or received GOOSE signal Due to application logic quality bit propagation each simple and even combined signal has quality which can be evaluated The OUT output indicates quality good of the input signal Input signals that have no quality bits set or only test bit is set will indicate quality good status 3 15 1 3 Signals Table 60 QTY_GOOD Input signals Name T...

Page 119: ...cation logic quality bit propagation each simple and even combined signal has quality which can be evaluated The OUT output indicates quality bad of the input signal Input signals that have any other than test bit set will indicate quality bad status 3 15 2 3 Signals Table 62 QTY_BAD Input signals Name Type Default Description IN Any 0 Input signal Table 63 QTY_BAD Output signals Name Type Descrip...

Page 120: ...efault Description IN Any 0 Input signal Table 65 QTY_GOOSE_COMM Output signals Name Type Description COMMVALID BOOLEAN Output signal 3 15 4 T_HEALTH function block 3 15 4 1 Function block GUID B5FCAE66 8026 4D5F AC38 028E5A8171BB V1 EN Figure 59 Function block 3 15 4 2 Functionality The T_HEALTH function evaluates enumerated data of Health data attribute This function block can only be used with ...

Page 121: ...T_F32_INT8 function block 3 15 5 1 Function block GUID F0F44FBF FB56 4BC2 B421 F1A7924E6B8C V1 EN Figure 60 Function block 3 15 5 2 Functionality The T_F32_INT8 function is used to convert 32 bit floating type values to 8 bit integer type The rounding operation is included Output value saturates if the input value is below the minimum or above the maximum value 3 15 5 3 Signals Table 68 T_F32_INT8...

Page 122: ...her device In case the GOOSERCV_ENUM function block does not receive the value from the sending device or it is invalid the default value 0 is used in function outputs The outputs FWD and REV are extracted from the enumerated input value 3 15 6 3 Signals Table 70 T_DIR Input signals Name Type Default Description DIR Enum 0 Input signal Table 71 T_DIR Output signals Name Type Default Description FW...

Page 123: ...ype Default Description IN Enum 0 Input signal Table 74 T_TCMD output signals Name Type Description RAISE BOOLEAN Raise command LOWER BOOLEAN Lower command 3 15 8 T_TCMD_BIN function block 3 15 8 1 Function block GUID A5C813D8 399A 4FBC B1A0 E62E5C423EA5 V1 EN Figure 63 Function block 3 15 8 2 Functionality The T_TCMD_BIN function is used to convert 32 bit integer input signal to Boolean output si...

Page 124: ...E BOOLEAN Raise command LOWER BOOLEAN Lower command 3 15 9 T_BIN_TCMD function block 3 15 9 1 Function block GUID 54A013A3 E253 4A06 B033 01C7E11EC997 V1 EN Figure 64 Function block 3 15 9 2 Functionality The T_BIN_TCMD function is used to convert Boolean input signals to 32 bit integer output signals Table 78 Conversion from Boolean to integer RAISE LOWER OUT FALSE FALSE 0 FALSE TRUE 1 TRUE FALSE...

Page 125: ...ion OUT INT32 Output signal 3 16 Configurable logic blocks 3 16 1 Standard configurable logic blocks 3 16 1 1 OR function block Function block GUID A845F2F1 DCC2 40C9 8A77 893EF5694436 V1 EN Figure 65 Function blocks Functionality OR OR6 and OR20 are used to form general combinatory expressions with Boolean variables 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 119 Technical Manual ...

Page 126: ... 0 Input signal 4 B5 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 5 B6 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 6 Table 83 OR20 Input signals Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 2 B3 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 3 B4 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 4 B5 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 5 B6 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 6 B7 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 7 B8 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 8 B9 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 9 B10 BOOLEAN 0 In...

Page 127: ...ame Type Description O BOOLEAN Output signal Table 85 OR6 Output signal Name Type Description O BOOLEAN Output signal Table 86 OR20 Output signal Name Type Description O BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 121 Technical Manual ...

Page 128: ...use only the required number of inputs and leave the rest disconnected AND has two inputs AND6 six inputs and AND20 twenty inputs Signals Table 87 AND Input signals Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 1 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 1 Input signal 2 Table 88 AND6 Input signals Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 1 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 1 Input signal 2 B3 BOOLEAN 1 Input signal 3 Table c...

Page 129: ...10 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 10 B11 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 11 B12 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 12 B13 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 13 B14 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 14 B15 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 15 B16 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 16 B17 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 17 B18 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 18 B19 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 19 B20 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 20 Table 90 AND Output signal Name Type Description O BOOLEAN Output signa...

Page 130: ...E if the input signals are different and FALSE if they are equal Signals Table 93 XOR Input signals Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 2 Table 94 XOR Output signal Name Type Description O BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600 3 16 1 4 NOT function block Function block GUID 0D0FC187 4224 ...

Page 131: ...nction block Function block GUID 5454FE1C 2947 4337 AD58 39D266E91993 V1 EN Figure 69 Function block Functionality The maximum function MAX3 selects the maximum value from three analog values Disconnected inputs and inputs whose quality is bad are ignored If all inputs are disconnected or the quality is bad MAX3 output value is set to 2 21 Signals Table 97 MAX3 Input signals Name Type Default Desc...

Page 132: ...analog values Disconnected inputs and inputs whose quality is bad are ignored If all inputs are disconnected or the quality is bad MIN3 output value is set to 2 21 Signals Table 99 MIN3 Input signals Name Type Default Description IN1 FLOAT32 0 Input signal 1 IN2 FLOAT32 0 Input signal 2 IN3 FLOAT32 0 Input signal 3 Table 100 MIN3 Output signal Name Type Description OUT FLOAT32 Output signal Settin...

Page 133: ...is returned to FALSE despite the state of the input Signals Table 101 R_TRIG Input signals Name Type Default Description CLK BOOLEAN 0 Input signal Table 102 R_TRIG Output signal Name Type Description Q BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600 3 16 1 8 F_TRIG function block Function block GUID B47152D2 3855 4306 8F2E 73D8FDEC4C1D V1 EN Fi...

Page 134: ...BC9F404131F V1 EN Figure 73 Function blocks Functionality The circuit breaker position information can be communicated with the IEC 61850 GOOSE messages The position information is a double binary data type which is fed to the POS input T_POS_CL and T_POS_OP are used for extracting the circuit breaker status information Respectively T_POS_OK is used to validate the intermediate or faulty breaker p...

Page 135: ...POS_CL Output signal Name Type Description CLOSE BOOLEAN Output signal Table 110 T_POS_OP Output signal Name Type Description OPEN BOOLEAN Output signal Table 111 T_POS_OK Output signal Name Type Description OK BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600 3 16 1 10 SWITCHR function block Function block GUID 63F5ED57 E6C4 40A2 821A 4814E155466...

Page 136: ...0 0 Real input 2 Table 113 SWITCHR Output signals Name Type Description OUT REAL Real switch output 3 16 1 11 SWITCHI32 function block Function block GUID E5DC5DEC 6A0E 4385 9FA9 0F5EFD87304C V1 EN Figure 75 Function block Functionality SWITCHI32 switching block for 32 bit integer data type is operated by the CTL_SW input which selects the output value OUT between the IN1 and IN2 inputs Table 114 ...

Page 137: ... 0B62CAED F8A4 4738 B546 677DA362FE24 V2 EN Figure 76 Function block Functionality The SR flip flop output Q can be set or reset from the S or R inputs S input has a higher priority over the R input Output NOTQ is the negation of output Q The statuses of outputs Q and NOTQ are not retained in the nonvolatile memory Table 117 Truth table for SR flip flop S R Q 0 0 01 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 Keep state ...

Page 138: ...ID 3876F400 A7D1 45DA B20F DFA5AE863073 V1 EN Figure 77 Function block Functionality The RS flip flop output Q can be set or reset from the S or R inputs R input has a higher priority over the S input Output NOTQ is the negation of output Q The statuses of outputs Q and NOTQ are not retained in the nonvolatile memory Table 120 Truth table for RS flip flop S R Q 0 0 01 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 Keep stat...

Page 139: ...6 2 Minimum pulse timer 3 16 2 1 Minimum pulse timer TPGAPC Function block GUID 809F4B4A E684 43AC 9C34 574A93FE0EBC V1 EN Figure 78 Function block Functionality The Minimum pulse timer function TPGAPC contains two independent timers The function has a settable pulse length in milliseconds The timers are used for setting the minimum pulse length for example the signal outputs Once the input is act...

Page 140: ... 125 TPGAPC Output signals Name Type Description OUT1 BOOLEAN Output 1 status OUT2 BOOLEAN Output 2 status Settings Table 126 TPGAPC Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pulse time 0 60000 ms 1 150 Minimum pulse time Technical revision history Table 127 TPGAPC Technical revision history Technical revision Change B Outputs now visible in menu C Internal impr...

Page 141: ...Both timers use the same setting parameter GUID 8196EE39 3529 46DC A161 B1C40224559F V1 EN Figure 81 A Trip pulse is shorter than Pulse time setting B Trip pulse is longer than Pulse time setting Signals Table 128 TPSGAPC Input signals Name Type Default Description IN1 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 1 IN2 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 2 Table 129 TPSGAPC Output signals Name Type Description OUT1 BOOLEAN Output 1 s...

Page 142: ... length in minutes The timers are used for setting the minimum pulse length for example the signal outputs Once the input is activated the output is set for a specific duration using the Pulse time setting Both timers use the same setting parameter GUID 8196EE39 3529 46DC A161 B1C40224559F V1 EN Figure 83 A Trip pulse is shorter than Pulse time setting B Trip pulse is longer than Pulse time settin...

Page 143: ...tion block GUID 2AA275E8 31D4 4CFE 8BDA A377213BBA89 V1 EN Figure 84 Function block 3 16 3 2 Functionality The pulse timer function PTGAPC contains eight independent timers The function has a settable pulse length Once the input is activated the output is set for a specific duration using the Pulse delay time setting t0 t0 dt t1 t1 dt t2 t2 dt dt Pulse delay time GUID 08F451EE 5110 41D9 95ED 084D7...

Page 144: ... Output 3 status Q4 BOOLEAN Output 4 status Q5 BOOLEAN Output 5 status Q6 BOOLEAN Output 6 status Q7 BOOLEAN Output 7 status Q8 BOOLEAN Output 8 status 3 16 3 4 Settings Table 137 PTGAPC Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pulse time 1 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse time Pulse time 2 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse time Pulse time 3 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse time Pulse tim...

Page 145: ...ck 3 16 4 3 Functionality The Daily timer function DTMGAPC is used to activate or deactivate the output at the set time of the day It is possible to set different activation or deactivation times separately for each day of the week 3 16 4 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of DTMG...

Page 146: ... priority than the FREEZE input 3 16 4 5 Application The daily timer function is useful in applications that require signal activation and deactivation at a specific time of the day Different activation times and duration can be set for different days of the week For example if the signal should be active on Mondays between 7 15 a m and 4 p m the Monday Act enable setting should be 1 True Mon Act ...

Page 147: ...y Act Mn 0 59 min 0 Activation minute time for Wednesday Wednesday off delay 1 1440 min 1 60 Activation duration for Wednesday Thursday Act enable 0 False 1 True false Activation deactivation need on Thursday Thursday Act hour 0 23 h 8 Activation hour time for Thursday Thursday Act Mn 0 59 min 0 Activation minute time for Thursday Thursday off delay 1 1440 min 1 60 Activation duration for Thursday...

Page 148: ...ime delay off 8 pcs TOFGAPC 3 16 5 1 Function block GUID 6BFF6180 042F 4526 BB80 D53B2458F376 V1 EN Figure 89 Function block 3 16 5 2 Functionality The time delay off 8 pcs function TOFGAPC can be used for example for a drop off delayed output related to the input signal The function contains eight independent timers There is a settable delay in the timer Once the input is activated the output is ...

Page 149: ...EAN 0 False Input 4 status IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 5 status IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 6 status IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 7 status IN8 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 8 status Table 144 TOFGAPC Output signals Name Type Description Q1 BOOLEAN Output 1 status Q2 BOOLEAN Output 2 status Q3 BOOLEAN Output 3 status Q4 BOOLEAN Output 4 status Q5 BOOLEAN Output 5 status Q6 BOOLEAN Output 6 status Q7 BOOLEAN Outpu...

Page 150: ... ms 10 0 Off delay time 3 16 5 5 Technical data Table 146 TOFGAPC Technical data Characteristic Value Operate time accuracy 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms 3 16 6 Time delay on 8 pcs TONGAPC 3 16 6 1 Function block GUID B694FC27 E6AB 40FF B1C7 A7EB608D6866 V1 EN Figure 91 Function block 3 16 6 2 Functionality The time delay on 8 pcs function TONGAPC can be used for example for time delaying the outp...

Page 151: ...N3 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 3 IN4 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 4 IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 5 IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 6 IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 7 IN8 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 8 Table 148 TONGAPC Output signals Name Type Description Q1 BOOLEAN Output 1 Q2 BOOLEAN Output 2 Q3 BOOLEAN Output 3 Q4 BOOLEAN Output 4 Q5 BOOLEAN Output 5 Q6 BOOLEAN Output 6 Q7 BOOLEAN Output 7 Q8 BOOLEAN Output 8 1MRS758755 A Secti...

Page 152: ...time 5 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 6 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 7 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 8 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time 3 16 6 5 Technical data Table 150 TONGAPC Technical data Characteristic Value Operate time accuracy 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms 3 16 7 Set reset 8 pcs SRGAPC 3 16 7 1 Function block GUID 93136D07 FDC4 4356 95B5 54D3...

Page 153: ...ame Type Default Description S1 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q1 output when set R1 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q1 output when set S2 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q2 output when set R2 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q2 output when set S3 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q3 output when set R3 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q3 output when set S4 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q4 output when set R4 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q4 output when set S5 BOOLEAN 0 False Set ...

Page 154: ...cel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q1 output when set Reset Q2 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q2 output when set Reset Q3 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q3 output when set Reset Q4 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q4 output when set Reset Q5 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q5 output when set Reset Q6 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q6 output when set Reset Q7 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q7 out...

Page 155: ...PC Input signals Name Type Default Description IN1 BOOLEAN 0 False IN1 status IN2 BOOLEAN 0 False IN2 status IN3 BOOLEAN 0 False IN3 status IN4 BOOLEAN 0 False IN4 status IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False IN5 status IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False IN6 status IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False IN7 status IN8 BOOLEAN 0 False IN8 status Table 156 MVGAPC Output signals Name Type Description Q1 BOOLEAN Q1 status Q2 BOOLEAN Q2 status Q3 BOOLEA...

Page 156: ... description Description MVGAPC1 Q7 Output description Description MVGAPC1 Q8 Output description 3 16 9 Integer value move MVI4GAPC 3 16 9 1 Function block IN1 IN2 OUT2 IN3 IN4 OUT3 OUT4 OUT1 MVI4GAPC GUID 9049D1C3 A3FC 4B92 8CDC 9F3D5B916471 V1 EN Figure 95 Function block 3 16 9 2 Functionality The integer value move function MVI4GAPC is used for creation of the events from the integer values The...

Page 157: ...alue scaling SCA4GAPC 3 16 10 1 Function block AI1_VALUE AI2_VALUE AO2_VALUE AI3_VALUE AI4_VALUE AO3_VALUE AO4_VALUE AO1_VALUE SCA4GAPC GUID 9D830A50 37F1 4478 B458 9C90742ECA54 V1 EN Figure 96 Function block 3 16 10 2 Functionality The analog value scaling function SCA4GAPC is used for scaling the analog value It allows creating events from analog values The analog value received via the AIn_VALU...

Page 158: ...E FLOAT32 0 0 Analog input value of channel 4 Table 161 SCA4GAPC Output signals Name Type Description AO1_VALUE FLOAT32 Analog value 1 after scaling AO2_VALUE FLOAT32 Analog value 2 after scaling AO3_VALUE FLOAT32 Analog value 3 after scaling AO4_VALUE FLOAT32 Analog value 4 after scaling 3 16 10 4 Settings Table 162 SCA4GAPC Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Descri...

Page 159: ...ss with separate station control access level is not supported by other protocols than IEC 61850 The actual Local Remote control state is evaluated by the priority scheme on the function block inputs If more than one input is active the input with the highest priority is selected The priority order is off local station remote all The actual state is reflected on the CONTROL function outputs Only o...

Page 160: ...ing Control command with the LR state parameter or from the IEC 61850 data object CTRL LLN0 LocKeyHMI IEC 61850 command originator category is always set by the IEC 61850 client The relay supports station and remote IEC 61850 command originator categories depending on the selected station authority level 3 16 11 4 Station authority level L R Relay s default station authority level is L R In this s...

Page 161: ...vel access support Control access can also be simultaneously permitted from local or remote location Simultaneous local or remote control operation is not allowed as one client and location at time can access controllable objects and they remain reserved until the previously started control operation is first completed by the client Control access with IEC 61850 originator category station is inte...

Page 162: ...CTRL_LOC N A FALSE 1 x CTRL_STA N A FALSE 0 CTRL_REM N A FALSE 2 x CTRL_ALL N A TRUE 4 x x 1 Client IEC 61850 command originator category check is not performed 3 16 11 6 Station authority level L S R Station authority level L S R adds station control access In this level IEC 61850 command originator category validation is performed to distinguish control commands with IEC 61850 command originator...

Page 163: ...l access Control FB input CTRL LLN0 LocSta 1 CTRL LLN0 MltLev L R state CTRL LLN0 LocKeyHMI Local user IEC 61850 client 2 IEC 61850 client 3 CTRL_OFF FALSE FALSE 0 CTRL_LOC FALSE FALSE 1 x CTRL_STA TRUE FALSE 3 x CTRL_REM 4 TRUE FALSE 3 x CTRL_REM FALSE FALSE 2 x CTRL_ALL FALSE FALSE 0 1 Station client reserves the control operating by writing controllable point LocSta 2 Client IEC 61850 command o...

Page 164: ...uthority level L S S R L S L S R using R L button L R Control L R Control status Control access R L button CTRL LLN0 LocSta 1 CTRL LLN0 MltLev L R state CTRL LLN0 LocKeyHMI Local user IEC 61850 client 2 IEC 61850 client 3 Local FALSE FALSE 1 x Remote FALSE TRUE 7 x x Remote TRUE FALSE 3 x Local Remote FALSE TRUE 6 x x x Local Remote TRUE TRUE 5 x x Off FALSE FALSE 0 1 Station client reserves the c...

Page 165: ...nt reserves the control operating by writing controllable point LocSta 3 16 11 8 Signals Table 172 CONTROL input signals Name Type Default Description CTRL_OFF BOOLEAN 0 Control input OFF CTRL_LOC BOOLEAN 0 Control input Local CTRL_STA BOOLEAN 0 Control input Station CTRL_REM BOOLEAN 0 Control input Remote CTRL_ALL BOOLEAN 0 Control input All Table 173 CONTROL output signals Name Type Description ...

Page 166: ...2 Binary input 1 LR key LR control through LR key or binary input Station authority 1 L R 2 L S R 3 L R L R 4 L S S R L S L S R 1 L R Control command originator category usage Control mode 1 On 2 Blocked 5 Off 1 On Enabling and disabling control Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 160 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 167: ...12 Object select 13 RL local allowed 14 RL remote allowed 15 RL off 16 Function off 17 Function blocked 18 Command progress 19 Select timeout 20 Missing authority 21 Close not enabled 22 Open not enabled 23 Internal fault 24 Already close 25 Wrong client 26 RL station allowed 27 RL change 28 Abortion by trip Latest command response LR state Enum 0 Off 1 Local 2 Remote 3 Station 4 L R 5 L S 6 L S R...

Page 168: ...or disabling the restriction for SPCGAPC to follow the R L button state If Loc Rem restriction is True as it is by default the local or remote control operations are accepted according to the R L button state Each of the 16 generic control point outputs has the Operation mode Pulse length and Description setting If Operation mode is Toggle the output state is toggled for every control request rece...

Page 169: ... signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode IN1 BOOLEAN 0 False Input of control point 1 IN2 BOOLEAN 0 False Input of control point 2 IN3 BOOLEAN 0 False Input of control point 3 IN4 BOOLEAN 0 False Input of control point 4 IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False Input of control point 5 IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False Input of control point 6 IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False Inp...

Page 170: ...c Rem restriction 0 False 1 True 1 True Local remote switch restriction Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Toggle Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCGAPC1 Output 1 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Toggle Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control po...

Page 171: ...de 0 Pulsed 1 Toggle Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCGAPC1 Output 7 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Toggle Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Descri...

Page 172: ...r pulsed operation mode Description SPCGAPC1 Output 13 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Toggle Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCGAPC1 Output 14 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Toggle Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for ...

Page 173: ...rollable signal output SPCRGAPC also has a general setting Loc Rem restriction which enables or disables the local or remote state functionality When the Operation mode is set to Toggle the corresponding output toggles between True and False for every input pulse received The state of the output is stored in a nonvolatile memory and restored if the protection relay is restarted When the Operation ...

Page 174: ...o Pulsed the activation of the BLOCK input resets the output to the FALSE state 3 16 13 4 Signals Table 179 SPCRGAPC Input signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 180 SPCRGAPC Output signals Name Type Description O1 BOOLEAN Output 1 status O2 BOOLEAN Output 2 status O3 BOOLEAN Output 3 status O4 BOOLEAN Output 4 status O5 BOOL...

Page 175: ...c control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCRGAPC1 Output 4 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for p...

Page 176: ...n mode Description SPCRGAPC1 Output 11 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCRGAPC1 Output 12 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse l...

Page 177: ...ugh the buttons in the front panel 3 16 14 3 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off SPCLGAPC has the Operation mode Pulse length and Description settings available to control all 16 outputs By default the Operation mode setting is set to Off This disables the controllable signal output SPCLGAPC also ...

Page 178: ... The BLOCK input operation depends on the Operation mode setting If the Operation mode setting is set to Toggle the output state cannot be changed when the input BLOCK is TRUE If the Operation mode setting is set to Pulsed the activation of the BLOCK input resets the output to the FALSE state 3 16 14 4 Signals Table 182 SPCLGAPC Input signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Blo...

Page 179: ...c control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCLGAPC1 Output 4 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for p...

Page 180: ...n mode Description SPCLGAPC1 Output 11 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse length 10 3600000 ms 10 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCLGAPC1 Output 12 Generic control point description Operation mode 0 Pulsed 1 Persistent 1 Off 1 Off Operation mode for generic control point Pulse l...

Page 181: ...tion FKEY4GGIO is a simple interface between the panel and the application The user input from the buttons available on the front panel is transferred to the assigned functionality and the corresponding LED is turned ON or OFF for indication The behavior of each function key in the specific application is configured by connection with other application functions This gives maximum flexibility 3 16...

Page 182: ...n key 1 on On description for function key 1 Off description Function key 1 off Off description for function key 1 On description Function key 2 on On description for function key 2 Off description Function key 2 off Off description for function key 2 On description Function key 3 on On description for function key 3 Off description Function key 3 off Off description for function key 3 On descript...

Page 183: ...N_CNT input decrements the CNT_VAL by one If there is a rising edge at both the inputs UP_CNT and DOWN_CNT the counter value CNT_VAL is unchanged The CNT_VAL is available in the monitored data view The counter value CNT_VAL is stored in a nonvolatile memory The range of the counter is 0 2147483647 The count of CNT_VAL saturates at the final value of 2147483647 that is no further increment is possi...

Page 184: ...e 0 2147483647 1 10000 Preset counter value Reset counter 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets counter value Load counter 0 Cancel 1 Load 0 Cancel Loads the counter to preset value 3 16 16 6 Monitored data Table 191 UDFCNT Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description CNT_VAL INT64 0 2147483647 Output counter value 3 17 Factory settings restoration In case of configuration data loss or any ot...

Page 185: ...mount of quantities selected The record output is in the COMTRADE format 3 18 2 1 Quantities Selectable quantities are product dependent Table 192 Quantity Description Disabled Quantity not selected IL1 Phase 1 current IL2 Phase 2 current IL3 Phase 3 current Io Neutral earth residual current U12 Phase to phase 12 voltage U23 Phase to phase 23 voltage U31 Phase to phase 31 voltage UL1 Phase to eart...

Page 186: ... different settings Demand interval 1 minute 5 minutes 10 minutes 15 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes 180 minutes Amount of quantities Recording capability in days 1 15 2 75 8 151 6 227 4 454 9 909 7 2729 2 2 11 4 56 9 113 7 170 6 341 1 682 3 2046 9 3 9 1 45 5 91 0 136 5 272 9 545 8 1637 5 4 7 6 37 9 75 8 113 7 227 4 454 9 1364 6 5 6 5 32 5 65 0 97 5 194 9 389 9 1169 6 6 5 7 28 4 56 9 85 3 170 6 341 ...

Page 187: ... 1 D A T GUID 43078009 323D 409C B84A 5EB914CDEE53 V1 EN Figure 110 Load profile record file naming 3 18 2 4 Clearing of record The load profile record can be cleared with Reset load profile rec via HMI communication or the ACT input in PCM600 Clearing of the record is allowed only on the engineer and administrator authorization levels The load profile record is automatically cleared if the quanti...

Page 188: ...nt of the Bay name setting are both included in the COMTRADE configuration file for identification purposes The memory consumption of load profile record is supervised and indicated with two signals MEM_WARN and MEM_ALARM which could be used to notify the customer that recording should be backlogged by reading the recorded data from the protection relay The levels for MEM_WARN and MEM_ALARM are se...

Page 189: ...3 18 5 Settings 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 183 Technical Manual ...

Page 190: ...L3 15 U12B 16 U23B 17 U31B 18 UL1B 19 UL2B 20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A...

Page 191: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 185 Tech...

Page 192: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 186 REC615 and RER615 Tech...

Page 193: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 187 Tech...

Page 194: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 188 REC615 and RER615 Tech...

Page 195: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 189 Tech...

Page 196: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 190 REC615 and RER615 Tech...

Page 197: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 191 Tech...

Page 198: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 192 REC615 and RER615 Tech...

Page 199: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 193 Tech...

Page 200: ...20 UL3B 21 S 22 P 23 Q 24 PF 25 SB 26 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRS758755 A Basic functions 194 REC615 and RER615 Tech...

Page 201: ...6 PB 27 QB 28 PFB 29 SL1 30 SL2 31 SL3 32 PL1 33 PL2 34 PL3 35 QL1 36 QL2 37 QL3 38 PFL1 39 PFL2 40 PFL3 41 SL1B 42 SL2B 43 SL3B 44 PL1B 45 PL2B 46 PL3B 47 QL1B 48 QL2B 49 QL3B 50 PFL1B 51 PFL2B 52 PFL3B 53 IL1C 54 IL2C 55 IL3C 0 Disabled Select quantity to be recorded Mem warning level 0 100 1 0 Set memory warning level Mem alarm level 0 100 1 0 Set memory alarm level 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic...

Page 202: ...ion RCHLCCH represents LAN A and LAN B redundant Ethernet channels 3 19 1 3 Signals Table 197 RCHLCCH output signals Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description CHLIV True False Status of redundant Ethernet channel LAN A Otherwise value is False REDCHLIV True False Status of redundant Ethernet channel LAN B Otherwise value is False LNKLIV Up Down Link status of redundant port LAN A Valid ...

Page 203: ...atuses LNKLIV_A Monitoring Communication Ethernet Link statuses REDLNKLIV_B 3 19 2 Ethernet channel supervision SCHLCCH 3 19 2 1 Function block GUID DBA25BB9 6BF5 4C45 A39F 1920113A22F2 V1 EN Figure 112 Function block 3 19 2 2 Functionality Ethernet channel supervision SCHLCCH represents X1 LAN X2 LAN and X3 LAN Ethernet channels An unused Ethernet port can be set Off with the setting Configuratio...

Page 204: ...t Step Default Description CH3LIV True False Status of Ethernet channel X3 LAN Value is True if the port is receiving Ethernet frames Valid only when Redundant mode is set to None or port is not one of the redundant ports LAN A or LAN B LNK3LIV Up Down Link status of Ethernet port X3 LAN 3 19 2 4 Settings Table 202 Port mode settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Port 1 Mode...

Page 205: ...ommunication Ethernet Activity CH2LIV Monitoring Communication Ethernet Activity CH3LIV Monitoring Communication Ethernet Link statuses LNK1LIV Monitoring Communication Ethernet Link statuses LNK2LIV Monitoring Communication Ethernet Link statuses LNK3LIV 1MRS758755 A Section 3 Basic functions REC615 and RER615 199 Technical Manual ...

Page 206: ...200 ...

Page 207: ...LOCK ENA_MULT FPHLPTOC I_A I_B START OPERATE I_C BLOCK ENA_MULT PHIPTOC I_A I_B START OPERATE I_C BLOCK ENA_MULT GUID 42271A6F 6299 4B1A B55D AC1A516BC662 V1 EN Figure 113 Function block 4 1 1 3 Functionality The three phase non directional overcurrent protection function F PHxPTOC is used as one phase two phase or three phase non directional overcurrent and short circuit protection The function s...

Page 208: ...ained in the next sections A070552 V1 EN Figure 114 Functional module diagram Level detector The measured phase currents are compared phasewise to the set Start value If the measured value exceeds the set Start value the level detector reports the exceeding of the value to the phase selection logic If the ENA_MULT input is active the Start value setting is multiplied by the Start value Mult settin...

Page 209: ...utput is activated When the user programmable IDMT curve is selected the operation time characteristics are defined by the parameters Curve parameter A Curve parameter B Curve parameter C Curve parameter D and Curve parameter E If a drop off situation happens that is a fault suddenly disappears before the operate delay is exceeded the timer reset state is activated The functionality of the timer i...

Page 210: ... start situation and the set operating time The value is available in the monitored data view Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the global setting in Configuration System Blocking mode which selects the blocking mode The BLOCK input can be controlled by a binary input a horizontal communication input or...

Page 211: ...acteristics of ABB praxis and are referred to as RI and RD One user programmable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable In addition to this there are 39 curves for recloser applications The DT characteristics can be chosen by selecting the Operating curve type values ANSI Def Time or IEC Def Time The functionality is identical in both cases The timer characteristics suppor...

Page 212: ...ecloser 8 111 x 10 Recloser 8 x 11 Recloser 9 131 x 12 Recloser 11 141 x 13 Recloser 13 142 x 14 Recloser 14 119 x 15 Recloser 15 112 x 16 Recloser 16 139 x 17 Recloser 17 103 x 18 Recloser 18 151 x 19 Recloser A 101 x 20 Recloser B 117 x 21 Recloser C 133 x 22 Recloser D 116 x 23 Recloser E 132 x 24 Recloser F 163 x 25 Recloser G 121 x 26 Recloser H 122 x 27 Recloser J 164 x 28 Recloser Kg 165 x ...

Page 213: ...x Available only for ANSI and user programmable curves The Type of reset curve setting does not apply to PHIPTOC or when the DT operation is selected The reset is purely defined by the Reset delay time setting 4 1 1 7 Application F PHxPTOC is used in several applications in the power system The applications include but are not limited to Selective overcurrent and short circuit protection of feeder...

Page 214: ...he region of transformer terminals and tank cover This means that the magnitude range of the fault current can be very wide The range varies from 6xIn to several hundred times In depending on the impedance of the transformer and the source impedance of the feeding network From this point of view it is clear that the operation must be both very fast and selective which is usually achieved by using ...

Page 215: ...ocking principle By implementing a full set of overcurrent protection stages and blocking channels between the protection stages of the incoming feeders bus tie and outgoing feeders it is possible to speed up the operation of overcurrent protection in the busbar and transformer LV side faults without impairing the selectivity Also the security degree of busbar protection is increased because there...

Page 216: ...ow high HV 3I DT current selective very high low LV 3I DT IDMT time selective low very high LV 3I DT time selective low high LV 3I DT blockable high high In case the bus tie breaker is open the operating time of the blockable overcurrent protection is approximately 100 ms relaying time When the bus tie breaker is closed that is the fault current flows to the faulted section of the busbar from two ...

Page 217: ...vity and speed of the current selective stages become as good as possible due to the fact that the transient overreach is very low Also the effects of switching inrush currents on the setting values can be reduced by using the protection relay s logic which recognizes the transformer energizing inrush current and blocks the operation or multiplies the current start value setting of the selected ov...

Page 218: ...l overcurrent protection where the low set stage F PHLPTOC operates in IDMT mode and the two higher stages PHHPTOC and PHIPTOC in DT mode Also the thermal withstand of the line types along the feeder and maximum expected inrush currents of the feeders are shown Faults occurring near the station where the fault current levels are the highest are cleared rapidly by the instantaneous stage in order t...

Page 219: ... characteristics All the points mentioned earlier required to define the overcurrent protection parameters can be expressed simultaneously in a coordination plan In Figure 119 the coordination plan shows an example of operation characteristics in the LV side incoming feeder and radial outgoing feeder 1MRS758755 A Section 4 Protection functions REC615 and RER615 213 Technical Manual ...

Page 220: ... 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Table 208 PHLPTOC Input signals Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Sect...

Page 221: ...C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Table 211 FPHLPTOC Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start Table 212 PHLPTOC Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start Table 213 PHHPTOC Output signals Name Type Description OPERAT...

Page 222: ... Start value 0 05 5 00 xIn 0 01 0 05 Start value Start value Mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the start value Time multiplier 0 05 15 00 0 01 1 00 Time multiplier in IEC ANSI IDMT curves Table continues on next page Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 216 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 223: ...r 8 9 Recloser 8 10 Recloser 8 11 Recloser 9 12 Recloser 11 13 Recloser 13 14 Recloser 14 15 Recloser 15 16 Recloser 16 17 Recloser 17 18 Recloser 18 19 Recloser A 20 Recloser B 21 Recloser C 22 Recloser D 23 Recloser E 24 Recloser F 25 Recloser G 26 Recloser H 27 Recloser J 28 Recloser Kg 29 Recloser Kp 30 Recloser L 31 Recloser M 32 Recloser N 33 Recloser P 34 Recloser R 35 Recloser T 36 Reclose...

Page 224: ... E 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Table 217 FPHLPTOC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Table 218 PHLPTOC Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 0 05 5 00 xIn 0 01 0 05 Start value Start value Mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for ...

Page 225: ...ter E 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Table 221 PHLPTOC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Minimum operate time 20 60000 ms 1 20 Minimum operate time for IDMT curves Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 5 Wide P to P 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Table 222 PHHPTOC ...

Page 226: ...e Curve parameter E 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Table 225 PHHPTOC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Minimum operate time 20 60000 ms 1 20 Minimum operate time for IDMT curves Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Table 226 PHIPTOC ...

Page 227: ...nge Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time PHLPTOC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status Table 231 PHHPTOC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time PHHPTOC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status Table 232 PHIPTOC Monitored data Name Type Values Rang...

Page 228: ...eoretical value or 40 ms 3 4 Suppression of harmonics RMS No suppression DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 Peak to Peak No suppression P to P backup No suppression 1 Measurement mode default depends on stage current before fault 0 0 In fn 50 Hz fault current in one phase with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Inclu...

Page 229: ... improvement 4 1 2 Three phase directional overcurrent protection F DPHxPDOC 4 1 2 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Three phase directional overcurrent protection low stage F DPHLPDOC 3I 67 1 Three phase directional overcurrent protection high stage DPHHPDOC 3I 67 2 4 1 2 2 Function block FDPHLPDOC I_B I_A START O...

Page 230: ...r a predefined operate time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired 4 1 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are ...

Page 231: ... amplitude level for the operating quantity current is set with the Min operate current setting The minimum amplitude level for the polarizing quantity voltage is set with the Min operate voltage setting If the amplitude level of the operating quantity or polarizing quantity is below the set level the direction information of the corresponding phase is set to Unknown The polarizing quantity validi...

Page 232: ...erate voltage and hysteresis The fictive voltage is also discarded if the measured voltage stays below Min operate voltage and hysteresis for longer than Voltage Mem time or if the fault current disappears while the fictive voltage is in use When the voltage is below Min operate voltage and hysteresis and the fictive voltage is unusable the fault direction cannot be determined The fictive voltage ...

Page 233: ...ue to the phase selection logic If the ENA_MULT input is active the Start value setting is multiplied by the Start value Mult setting The protection relay does not accept the Start value or Start value Mult setting if the product of these settings exceeds the Start value setting range The start value multiplication is normally done when the inrush detection function INRPHAR is connected to the ENA...

Page 234: ...ve the OPERATE output is activated When the user programmable IDMT curve is selected the operation time characteristics are defined by the parameters Curve parameter A Curve parameter B Curve parameter C Curve parameter D and Curve parameter E If a drop off situation happens that is a fault suddenly disappears before the operate delay is exceeded the timer reset state is activated The functionalit...

Page 235: ...R which indicates the percentage ratio of the start situation and the set operating time The value is available in the monitored data view Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the global setting in Configuration System Blocking mode which selects the blocking mode The BLOCK input can be controlled by a bin...

Page 236: ...ration area the Max forward angle setting gives the counterclockwise sector and the Min forward angle setting gives the corresponding clockwise sector measured from the Characteristic angle setting In the backward operation area the Max reverse angle setting gives the counterclockwise sector and the Min reverse angle setting gives the corresponding clockwise sector a measurement from the Character...

Page 237: ...forward and reverse sectors that is when the sectors are overlapping 3 both Table 240 Momentary phase combined direction value for monitored data view Criterion for phase combined direction information The value for DIRECTION The direction information DIR_X for all phases is unknown 0 unknown The direction information DIR_X for at least one phase is forward none being in reverse 1 forward The dire...

Page 238: ...2D018 V2 EN A B IA IB UAB ANGLE A U I I AB A B RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ GUID 7DA1116D 86C0 4D7F AA19 DCF32C530C4C V2 EN B C IB IC UBC ANGLE B U I I BC B C RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ GUID 3E9788CA D2FC 4FC4 8F9E 1466F3775826 V2 EN C A IC IA UCA ANGLE C U I I CA C A RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ GUID EFD80F78 4B26 46B6 A5A6 CCA6B7E20C6E V2 EN In an example case of the phasors in a single phase earth fault where the faulted phase is phase A the ...

Page 239: ...0D1491 3679 4B1F 99F7 3704BC15EF9D V3 EN B IB UCA ANGLE B U I CA B RCA o _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 90 GUID F5252292 E132 41A7 9F6D C2A3958EE6AD V3 EN C IC UAB ANGLE C U I AB C RCA o _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 90 GUID 84D97257 BAEC 4264 9D93 EC2DF853EAE1 V3 EN A B IA IB UBC UCA ANGLE A U U I I BC CA A B RCA o _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 90 GUID AFB15C3F B9BB 47A2 80E9 796AA1165409 V2 EN B C IB IC UCA UAB ANGLE B U U I I CA AB B C RCA o _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 90 GUID C6...

Page 240: ...75863474 V1 EN Figure 127 Single phase earth fault phase A In an example of the phasors in a two phase short circuit failure where the fault is between the phases B and C the angle difference is measured between the polarizing quantity UAB and operating quantity IB IC marked as φ Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 234 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 241: ...ulated angle difference This is done automatically with a system parameter Phase rotation Negative sequence voltage as polarizing quantity When the negative voltage is used as the polarizing quantity the angle difference between the operating and polarizing quantity is calculated with the same formula for all fault types ANGLE X U I RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 2 2 GUID 470263DD C1D7 4E59 B011 24D8D35BD52A V3 EN E...

Page 242: ...d phases Used fault current Used polarizing voltage Angle difference A IA U1 ANGLE A U I A RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 1 GUID 4C933201 2290 4AA3 97A3 670A40CC4114 V4 EN B IB U1 ANGLE B U I B RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 1 120o GUID 648D061C 6F5F 4372 B120 0F02B42E9809 V4 EN C IC U1 ANGLE C U IC RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 1 120o GUID 355EF014 D8D0 467E A952 1D1602244C9F V4 EN A B IA IB U1 ANGLE A U I I A B RCA _ ϕ ϕ ϕ 1 30o GUID B07C3B0A 358E 48...

Page 243: ...meter Phase rotation The change in the network rotating direction affects the phase to phase voltages polarization method where the calculated angle difference needs to be rotated 180 degrees Also when the sequence components are used which are the positive sequence voltage or negative sequence voltage components the calculation of the components are affected but the angle difference calculation r...

Page 244: ...em in closed ring networks can be complicated a large number of fault current calculations are needed There are situations with no possibility to have the selectivity with a protection system based on overcurrent protection relays in a closed ring system In some applications the possibility of obtaining the selectivity can be improved significantly if F DPHxPDOC is used This can also be done in th...

Page 245: ...0 V2 EN Figure 133 Overcurrent protection of parallel operating transformers Closed ring network topology The closed ring network topology is used in applications where electricity distribution for the consumers is secured during network fault situations The power is fed at least from two directions which means that the current direction can be varied The time grading between the network level sta...

Page 246: ...Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current I2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence current U_A_AB SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage A or phase to phase voltage AB U_B_BC SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage B or phase to phase voltage BC U_C_CA SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage C or phase to phase voltage CA U1 SIGNAL 0 Positive phase se...

Page 247: ... Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier NON_DIR BOOLEAN 0 False Forces protection to non directional Table 246 DPHHPDOC Input signals Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current I2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence current U_A_AB SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth volta...

Page 248: ...EAN Start Table 248 DPHLPDOC Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start Table 249 DPHHPDOC Output signals Name Type Description START BOOLEAN Start OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 242 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 249: ...er 1 2 Recloser 2 3 Recloser 3 4 Recloser 4 5 Recloser 5 6 Recloser 6 7 Recloser 7 8 Recloser 8 9 Recloser 8 10 Recloser 8 11 Recloser 9 12 Recloser 11 13 Recloser 13 14 Recloser 14 15 Recloser 15 16 Recloser 16 17 Recloser 17 18 Recloser 18 19 Recloser A 20 Recloser B 21 Recloser C 22 Recloser D 23 Recloser E 24 Recloser F 25 Recloser G 26 Recloser H 27 Recloser J 28 Recloser Kg 29 Recloser Kp 30...

Page 250: ... Maximum phase angle in reverse direction Min forward angle 0 90 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in forward direction Min reverse angle 0 90 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in reverse direction Table 252 FDPHLPDOC Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Num of start phases 1 1 out of 3 2 2 out of 3 3 3 out of 3 1 1 out of 3...

Page 251: ...IEC ANSI IDMT curves Operate delay time 40 200000 ms 10 40 Operate delay time Operating curve type 1 ANSI Ext inv 2 ANSI Very inv 3 ANSI Norm inv 4 ANSI Mod inv 5 ANSI Def Time 6 L T E inv 7 L T V inv 8 L T inv 9 IEC Norm inv 10 IEC Very inv 11 IEC inv 12 IEC Ext inv 13 IEC S T inv 14 IEC L T inv 15 IEC Def Time 17 Programmable 18 RI type 19 RD type 15 IEC Def Time Selection of time delay curve ty...

Page 252: ...e parameter B 0 0000 0 7120 1 0 1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 1 2 00 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 46 30 00 1 29 10 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Table 257 DPHLPDOC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Def...

Page 253: ...Min forward angle 0 90 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in forward direction Min reverse angle 0 90 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in reverse direction Table 259 DPHHPDOC Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Voltage Mem time 0 3000 ms 1 40 Voltage memory time...

Page 254: ...eak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Min operate current 0 01 1 00 xIn 0 01 0 01 Minimum operating current Min operate voltage 0 01 1 00 xUn 0 01 0 01 Minimum operating voltage 4 1 2 10 Monitored data Table 262 FDPHLPDOC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time FAULT_DIR Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 bo...

Page 255: ...ault direction DIRECTION Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction information DIR_A Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 1 both Direction phase A DIR_B Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 1 both Direction phase B DIR_C Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 1 both Direction phase C ANGLE_A FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase A ANGLE_B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calcu...

Page 256: ... A DIR_B Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 1 both Direction phase B DIR_C Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 1 both Direction phase C ANGLE_A FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase A ANGLE_B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase B ANGLE_C FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase C VMEM_USED BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True Voltage memory in us...

Page 257: ... in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theoretical value or 20 ms3 5 0 of the theoretical value or 40 ms 3 4 Suppression of harmonics DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 1 Measurement mode and Pol quantity default current before fault 0 0 In voltage before fault 1 0 Un fn 50 Hz fault current in one phase with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of...

Page 258: ...gure 135 Function block 4 1 3 3 Functionality The increased utilization of power systems closer to the thermal limits has generated a need for a thermal overload function for power lines as well A thermal overload is in some cases not detected by other protection functions and the introduction of the three phase thermal protection for feeders cables and distribution transformers function T1PTTR al...

Page 259: ...otection relay Remote measurement uses analog GOOSE to connect AMB_TEMP input If the quality of remotely measured temperature is invalid or communication channel fails the function uses ambient temperature set in Env temperature Set Temperature estimator Thermal counter ENA_MULT ALARM BLK_CLOSE OPERATE BLK_OPR START Max current selector I_A I_B I_C AMB_TEMP A070747 V3 EN Figure 136 Functional modu...

Page 260: ...istivity Thermal counter The actual temperature at the actual execution cycle is calculated as Θ Θ Θ Θ n n final n t e 1 1 1 τ A070781 V2 EN Equation 7 Θn calculated present temperature Θn 1 calculated temperature at previous time step Θfinal calculated final temperature with actual current Δt time step between calculation of actual temperature t thermal time constant for the protected device line...

Page 261: ... temperature is equal to the set or measured ambient temperature In someapplications themeasuredcurrentcaninvolveanumberofparallellines This is often used for cable lines where one bay connects several parallel cables By setting the Current multiplier parameter to the number of parallel lines cables the actual current on one line is used in the protection algorithm To activate this option the ENA_...

Page 262: ... be required to be overloaded for a limited time This should be done without any risk for the above mentioned risks The thermal overload protection provides information that makes temporary overloading of cables and lines possible The thermal overload protection estimates the conductor temperature continuously This estimation is made by using a thermal model of the line cable that is based on the ...

Page 263: ...in seconds Maximum temperature 20 0 200 0 C 0 1 90 0 Temperature level for operate Alarm value 20 0 150 0 C 0 1 80 0 Temperature level for start alarm Reclose temperature 20 0 150 0 C 0 1 70 0 Temperature for reset of block reclose after operate Table 271 T1PTTR Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Current multiplier 1 5 1 1 Current multiplier when function ...

Page 264: ...3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 4 1 3 9 Technical data Table 275 T1PTTR Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured current fn 2 Hz Current measurement 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 In at currents in the range of 0 01 4 00 In Operate time accuracy1 2 0 of the theoretical value or 0 50 s 1 Overload current 1 2 Operate level temperature 4 1 3 ...

Page 265: ...ed as a fault condition PHPTUC starts when the current is less than the set limit Operation time characteristics are according to definite time DT The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs and reset the definite timer if desired 4 1 4 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter v...

Page 266: ...art value value of the element The protection relay does not accept the Start value to be smaller than Current block value Level detector 2 This is a low current detection module that monitors the de energized condition of the protected object The module compares the phase currents RMS value to the Start value low setting If all the phase current values are less than the Start value low setting a ...

Page 267: ... with a low three phase current However this results in an unnecessary event sending when the transformer or protected object is disconnected Phase specific start and operate can give a better picture about the evolving faults when one phase has started first and another follows PHPTUC is meant to be a general protection function so that it could be used in other cases too In case of undercurrent ...

Page 268: ...s Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time 4 1 4 8 Monitored data Table 282 PHPTUC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time PHPTUC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 4 1 4 9 Technical data Table 283 PHPTUC Technical data Characteris...

Page 269: ...block 4 2 1 3 Functionality The earth fault function F EFxPTOC is used as non directional earth fault protection for feeders The function starts and operates when the residual current exceeds the set limit The operate time characteristic for low stage F EFLPTOC and high stage EFHPTOC can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT The instantaneous stage EFIPTOC...

Page 270: ...he start value multiplication is normally done when the inrush detection function INRPHAR is connected to the ENA_MULT input Timer Once activated the timer activates the START output Depending on the value of the Operating curve type setting the time characteristics are according to DT or IDMT When the operation timer has reached the value of Operate delay time in the DT mode or the maximum value ...

Page 271: ...see the IDMT curves for overcurrent protection section in this manual The timer calculates the start duration value START_DUR which indicates the percentage ratio of the start situation and the set operating time The value is available in the monitored data view Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the glo...

Page 272: ...mable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable In addition to this there are 39 curves for recloser applications The user can choose the DT characteristic by selecting the Operating curve type values ANSI Def Time or IEC Def Time The functionality is identical in both cases The following characteristics which comply with the list in the IEC 61850 7 4 specification indicate t...

Page 273: ...141 x 13 Recloser 13 142 x 14 Recloser 14 119 x 15 Recloser 15 112 x 16 Recloser 16 139 x 17 Recloser 17 103 x 18 Recloser 18 151 x 19 Recloser A 101 x 20 Recloser B 117 x 21 Recloser C 133 x 22 Recloser D 116 x 23 Recloser E 132 x 24 Recloser F 163 x 25 Recloser G 121 x 26 Recloser H 122 x 27 Recloser J 164 x 28 Recloser Kg 165 x 29 Recloser Kp 162 x 30 Recloser L 107 x 31 Recloser M 118 x 32 Rec...

Page 274: ...TOC or when the DT operation is selected The reset is purely defined by the Reset delay time setting 4 2 1 7 Application F EFxPTOC is designed for protection and clearance of earth faults in distribution and sub transmission networks where the neutral point is isolated or earthed via a resonance coil or through low resistance It also applies to solidly earthed networks and earth fault protection o...

Page 275: ...Enable signal for current multiplier Table 289 EFHPTOC Input signals Name Type Default Description Io SIGNAL 0 Residual current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Table 290 EFIPTOC Input signals Name Type Default Description Io SIGNAL 0 Residual current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating t...

Page 276: ...ings Table 295 FEFLPTOC Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 0 010 5 000 xIn 0 005 0 010 Start value Start value Mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the start value Time multiplier 0 05 15 00 0 01 1 00 Time multiplier in IEC ANSI IDMT curves Table continues on next page Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 270 REC615 and RER615 Techn...

Page 277: ...nv 14 IEC L T inv 15 IEC Def Time 17 Programmable 18 RI type 19 RD type 1 Recloser 1 102 2 Recloser 2 135 3 Recloser 3 140 4 Recloser 4 106 5 Recloser 5 114 6 Recloser 6 136 7 Recloser 7 152 8 Recloser 8 113 9 Recloser 8 111 10 Recloser 8 11 Recloser 9 131 12 Recloser 11 141 13 Recloser 13 142 14 Recloser 14 119 15 Recloser 15 112 16 Recloser 16 139 15 IEC Def Time Selection of time delay curve ty...

Page 278: ...closer Kp 162 30 Recloser L 107 31 Recloser M 118 32 Recloser N 104 33 Recloser P 115 34 Recloser R 105 35 Recloser T 161 36 Recloser V 137 37 Recloser W 138 38 Recloser Y 120 39 Recloser Z 134 Table 296 FEFLPTOC Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Sec...

Page 279: ...ms 1 20 Reset delay time Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Io signal Sel 1 Measured Io 2 Calculated Io 1 Measured Io Selection for used Io signal Table 299 EFLPTOC Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 0 010 5 000 xIn 0 005 0 010 Start value Start value Mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the sta...

Page 280: ...ngs Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Minimum operate time 20 60000 ms 1 20 Minimum operate time for IDMT curves Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Io signal Sel 1 Measured Io 2 Calculated Io 1 Measured Io Selection for used Io signal Table 303 EFHPTOC Group settings Basic Par...

Page 281: ...E for customer programmable curve Table 306 EFHPTOC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Minimum operate time 20 60000 ms 1 20 Minimum operate time for IDMT curves Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Io signal Sel 1 Measured Io 2 Calculated Io 1 Measured Io Sele...

Page 282: ...1 EFLPTOC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time EFLPTOC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status Table 312 EFHPTOC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time EFHPTOC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status Table 313 ...

Page 283: ...ypically 0 96 Retardation time 30 ms Operate time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Operate time accuracy in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theoretical value or 20 ms 3 5 0 of the theoretical value or 40 ms 3 4 Suppression of harmonics RMS No suppression DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 Peak to Peak No suppression 1 Measurement mode default depends on stage current befo...

Page 284: ...mum and default values changed to 40 ms for the Operate delay time setting C Added a setting parameter for the Measured Io or Calculated Io selection D Step value changed from 0 05 to 0 01 for the Time multiplier setting E Internal improvement F Internal improvement Table 317 F EFLPTOC Technical revision history Technical revision Change B The minimum and default values changed to 40 ms for the Op...

Page 285: ...operates when the operating quantity current and polarizing quantity voltage exceed the set limits and the angle between them is inside the set operating sector The operate time characteristic for low stage F DEFLPDEF and high stage DEFHPDEF can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT In the DT mode the function operates after a predefined operate time and r...

Page 286: ...he current ratio is obtained from the phase current channels given in Configuration Analog inputs Current 3I CT The operating quantity residual voltage can be selected with the setting Uo signal Sel The options are Measured Uo and Calculated Uo If Measured Uo is selected the voltage ratio for Uo channel is given in Configuration Analog inputs Voltage Uo VT If Calculated Uo is selected the voltage ...

Page 287: ... or Start value Mult setting if the product of these settings exceeds the Start value setting range Typically the ENA_MULT input is connected to the inrush detection function INRHPAR In case of inrush INRPHAR activates the ENA_MULT input which multiplies Start value by the Start value Mult setting Directional calculation The directional calculation module monitors the angle between the polarizing ...

Page 288: ... operation can be selected with the Directional mode setting The alternatives are Non directional Forward and Reverse operation The operation criterion is selected with the Operation mode setting By setting Allow Non Dir to True non directional operation is allowed when the directional information is invalid that is when the magnitude of the polarizing quantity is less than the value of the Min op...

Page 289: ...ctional earth fault characteristics see the Directional earth fault characteristics section in this manual For definitions of different directional earth fault characteristics refer to general function block features information The directional calculation module calculates several values which are presented in the monitored data Table 319 Monitored data values Monitored data values Description FA...

Page 290: ... or Inverse reset The reset curve type Immediate causes an immediate reset With the reset curve type Def time reset the reset time depends on the Reset delay time setting With the reset curve type Inverse reset the reset time depends on the current during the drop off situation The START output is deactivated when the reset timer has elapsed The Inverse reset selection is only supported with ANSI ...

Page 291: ... difficult to achieve selective earth fault protection based on the magnitude of residual current only To obtain a selective earth fault protection scheme it is necessary to take the phase angle of Io into account This is done by comparing the phase angle of the operating and polarizing quantity Relay characteristic angle The Characteristic angle setting also known as Relay Characteristic Angle RC...

Page 292: ...tion of the relay characteristic angle RCA 0 degrees in a compensated network Example 2 The Phase angle mode is selected solidly earthed network φRCA 60 deg Characteristic angle 60 deg Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 286 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 293: ...ition of the relay characteristic angle RCA 60 degrees in a solidly earthed network Example 3 The Phase angle mode is selected isolated network φRCA 90 deg Characteristic angle 90 deg 1MRS758755 A Section 4 Protection functions REC615 and RER615 287 Technical Manual ...

Page 294: ...and has a phase shift of 90 degrees compared to the polarizing voltage Consequently the relay characteristic angle RCA should be set to 90 degrees and the operation criteria to IoSin or Phase angle The width of the operating sector in the phase angle criteria can be selected with the settings Min forward angle Max forward angle Min reverse angle or Max reverse angle Figure 146 illustrates a simpli...

Page 295: ...the compensation equipment When measuring the resistive part of the residual current the relay characteristic angle RCA should be set to 0 degrees and the operation criteria to IoCos or Phase angle Figure 147 illustrates a simplified equivalent circuit for a compensated network with an earth fault in phase C A070444 V2 EN Figure 147 Earth fault situation in a compensated network The Petersen coil ...

Page 296: ...o 0 degrees In case the earthing method of the network is temporarily changed from compensated to unearthed due to the disconnection of the arc suppression coil the Characteristic angle setting should be modified correspondingly This can be done using the setting groups or the RCA_CTL input Alternatively the operating sector of the directional earth fault protection function can be extended to cov...

Page 297: ...ak to Peak The measurement mode is selected with the Measurement mode setting Table 322 Measurement modes supported by F DEFxPDEF stages Measurement mode F DEFLPDEF DEFHPDEF RMS x x DFT x x Peak to Peak x x For a detailed description of the measurement modes see the Measurement modes section in this manual 1MRS758755 A Section 4 Protection functions REC615 and RER615 291 Technical Manual ...

Page 298: ...haracteristics which comply with the list in the IEC 61850 7 4 specification indicate the characteristics supported by different stages Table 323 Timer characteristics supported by different stages Operating curve type F DEFLPDEF DEFHPDEF 1 ANSI Extremely Inverse x x 2 ANSI Very Inverse x 3 ANSI Normal Inverse x x 4 ANSI Moderately Inverse x 5 ANSI Definite Time x x 6 Long Time Extremely Inverse x...

Page 299: ... Recloser E 132 x 24 Recloser F 163 x 25 Recloser G 121 x 26 Recloser H 122 x 27 Recloser J 164 x 28 Recloser Kg 165 x 29 Recloser Kp 162 x 30 Recloser L 107 x 31 Recloser M 118 x 32 Recloser N 104 x 33 Recloser P 115 x 34 Recloser R 105 x 35 Recloser T 161 x 36 Recloser V 137 x 37 Recloser W 138 x 38 Recloser Y 120 x 39 Recloser Z 134 x For a detailed description of the timers see the General fun...

Page 300: ...peration area is limited with the Min forward angle and Max forward angle settings The reverse operation area is limited with the Min reverse angle and Max reverse angle settings The sector limits are always given as positive degree values In the forward operation area the Max forward angle setting gives the clockwise sector and the Min forward angle setting correspondingly the counterclockwise se...

Page 301: ... the polarizing and operating quantity is in both the forward and the reverse sectors that is the sectors are overlapping 3 both If the Allow Non Dir setting is False the directional operation forward reverse is not allowed when the measured polarizing or operating quantities are invalid that is their magnitude is below the set minimum values The minimum values can be defined with the settings Min...

Page 302: ...ation criterion Iocos φ IoCos Actual operation criterion Iocos φ Actual operation criterion Iosin φ When the Iosin φ or Iocos φ criterion is used the component indicates a forward or reverse type fault through the FAULT_DIR and DIRECTION outputs in which 1 equals a forward fault and 2 equals a reverse fault Directional operation is not allowed the Allow non dir setting is False when the measured p...

Page 303: ...0 Operating characteristic Iosin φ in forward fault The operating sector is limited by angle correction that is the operating sector is 180 degrees 2 angle correction Example 2 Iosin φ criterion selected reverse type fault FAULT_DIR 2 1MRS758755 A Section 4 Protection functions REC615 and RER615 297 Technical Manual ...

Page 304: ...n φ in reverse fault Example 3 Iocos φ criterion selected forward type fault FAULT_DIR 1 GUID 11E40C1F 6245 4532 9199 2E2F1D9B45E4 V2 EN Figure 152 Operating characteristic Iocos φ in forward fault Example 4 Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 298 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 305: ...ax reverse angle settings cannot be set but they have a fixed value of 80 degrees The sector limits of the fixed sectors are rounded The sector rounding is used for cancelling the CT measurement errors at low current amplitudes When the current amplitude falls below three percent of the nominal current the sector is reduced to 70 degrees at the fixed sector side This makes the protection more sele...

Page 306: ...1 80 deg 70 deg Operating zone Non operating zone 3 of In 1 of In GUID 49D23ADF 4DA0 4F7A 8020 757F32928E60 V2 EN Figure 155 Phase angle 80 amplitude Directional mode Forward Phase angle 88 The operation criterion phase angle 88 is selected with the Operation mode setting using the value Phase angle 88 Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 300 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 307: ...f the nominal current the sector limit increases linearly from 73 degrees to 85 degrees If the current amplitude is between 20 100 percent of the nominal current the sector limit increases linearly from 85 degrees to 88 degrees If the current amplitude is more than 100 percent of the nominal current the sector limit is 88 degrees There is no sector rounding on the other side of the sector GUID 0F0...

Page 308: ...rating sector It can also be based on measuring either the reactive part Iosin φ or the active part Iocos φ of the residual current In isolated networks or in networks with high impedance earthing the phase to earth fault current is significantly smaller than the short circuit currents In addition the magnitude of the fault current is almost independent of the fault location in the network The fun...

Page 309: ... phase angle Alternatively Iocos φ operation can be used In solidly earthed networks the Characteristic angle is typically set to 60 degrees for the phase angle Alternatively Iosin φ operation can be used with a reversal polarizing quantity The polarizing quantity can be rotated 180 degrees by setting the Pol reversal parameter to True or by switching the polarity of the residual voltage measureme...

Page 310: ...ock signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier RCA_CTL BOOLEAN 0 False Relay characteristic angle control Table 328 FDEFLPDEF Input signals Name Type Default Description Io SIGNAL 0 Residual current Uo SIGNAL 0 Residual voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for cu...

Page 311: ...cription OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start Table 332 DEFHPDEF Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start 4 2 2 11 Settings Table 333 DEFLPDEF Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 0 010 5 000 xIn 0 005 0 010 Start value Start value Mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the start value Directional...

Page 312: ...gle 0 180 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in reverse direction Voltage start value 0 010 1 000 xUn 0 001 0 010 Voltage start value Table 334 DEFLPDEF Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Operation mode 1 Phase angle 2 IoSin 3 IoCos 4 Phase angle 80 5 Phase...

Page 313: ... Min operate voltage 0 01 1 00 xUn 0 01 0 01 Minimum operating voltage Correction angle 0 0 10 0 deg 0 1 0 0 Angle correction Pol reversal 0 False 1 True 0 False Rotate polarizing quantity Io signal Sel 1 Measured Io 2 Calculated Io 1 Measured Io Selection for used Io signal Uo signal Sel 1 Measured Uo 2 Calculated Uo 1 Measured Uo Selection for used Uo signal Pol quantity 3 Zero seq volt 4 Neg se...

Page 314: ... 102 2 Recloser 2 135 3 Recloser 3 140 4 Recloser 4 106 5 Recloser 5 114 6 Recloser 6 136 7 Recloser 7 152 8 Recloser 8 113 9 Recloser 8 111 10 Recloser 8 11 Recloser 9 131 12 Recloser 11 141 13 Recloser 13 142 14 Recloser 14 119 15 Recloser 15 112 16 Recloser 16 139 17 Recloser 17 103 18 Recloser 18 151 19 Recloser A 101 20 Recloser B 117 21 Recloser C 133 22 Recloser D 116 15 IEC Def Time Select...

Page 315: ...Max reverse angle 0 180 deg 1 80 Maximum phase angle in reverse direction Min forward angle 0 180 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in forward direction Min reverse angle 0 180 deg 1 80 Minimum phase angle in reverse direction Voltage start value 0 010 1 000 xUn 0 001 0 010 Voltage start value Table 338 FDEFLPDEF Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Type of reset...

Page 316: ...MS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Min operate current 0 005 1 000 xIn 0 001 0 005 Minimum operating current Min operate voltage 0 01 1 00 xUn 0 01 0 01 Minimum operating voltage Correction angle 0 0 10 0 deg 0 1 0 0 Angle correction Pol reversal 0 False 1 True 0 False Rotate polarizing quantity Io signal Sel 1 Measured Io 2 Calculated Io 1 Measured Io Selection for used I...

Page 317: ...nge Unit Step Default Description Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Operation mode 1 Phase angle 2 IoSin 3 IoCos 4 Phase angle 80 5 Phase angle 88 1 Phase angle Operation criteria Enable voltage limit 0 False 1 True 1 True Enable voltage limit Table 343 DEFHPDEF Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Defaul...

Page 318: ...o Selection for used Io signal Uo signal Sel 1 Measured Uo 2 Calculated Uo 1 Measured Uo Selection for used Uo signal Pol quantity 3 Zero seq volt 4 Neg seq volt 3 Zero seq volt Reference quantity used to determine fault direction 4 2 2 12 Monitored data Table 345 DEFLPDEF Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description FAULT_DIR Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Detected fault dir...

Page 319: ...LPDEF Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status Table 347 DEFHPDEF Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description FAULT_DIR Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Detected fault direction START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time DIRECTION Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction information ANGLE_RCA FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Angle between...

Page 320: ...ime Typically 40 ms Reset ratio Typically 0 96 Retardation time 30 ms Operate time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Operate time accuracy in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theoretical value or 20 ms 3 5 0 of the theoretical value or 40 ms 3 4 Suppression of harmonics RMS No suppression DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 Peak to Peak No suppression 1 Measurement mode defa...

Page 321: ...forward angle setting Start value step changed to 0 005 C Added a setting parameter for the Measured Io or Calculated Io selection and setting parameter for the Measured Uo Calculated Uo or Neg seq volt selection for polarization The sector default setting values are changed from 88 degrees to 80 degrees D Step value changed from 0 05 to 0 01 for the Time multiplier setting E Unit added to calcula...

Page 322: ...outputs timers or the function itself if desired 4 2 3 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of INTRPTEF can be described with a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections BLK_EF OPERATE Io Uo BLOCK START Timer 2 t Timer 1 Transient detector Faul...

Page 323: ... for residual voltage start value is 0 577 Un Calculated Uo requires that all three phase to earth voltages are connected to the protection relay Uo cannot be calculated from the phase to phase voltages Transient detector The Transient detector module is used for detecting transients in the residual current and residual voltage signals The transient detection is supervised with a settable current ...

Page 324: ... kept activated until the Uo level exceeds the set value or in case of a drop off the drop off duration is shorter than the set Reset delay time In the Intermittent EF mode when the start transient of the fault is detected and the Uo level exceeds the set Voltage start value the Timer 1 is activated When a required number of intermittent earth fault transients set with the Peak counter limit setti...

Page 325: ... time and one additional transient is detected during the drop off cycle The Reset delay time starts to elapse from each detected transient peak In case there is no OPERATE activation for example the fault disappears momentarily START stays activated until the Reset delay time elapses that is reset takes place if time between transients is more than Reset delay time After OPERATE activation a fixe...

Page 326: ... BLK_EF output is active the BLK_EF output is deactivated Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the global setting Configuration System Blocking mode which selects the blocking mode The BLOCK input can be controlled by a binary input a horizontal communication input or an internal signal of the protection r...

Page 327: ...gradually penetrates the cable insulation This eventually reduces the voltage withstand of the insulation leading to a series of cable insulation breakdowns The fault is initiated as the phase to earth voltage exceeds the reduced insulation level of the fault point and mostly extinguishes itself as the fault current drops to zero for the first time as shown in Figure 163 As a result very short tra...

Page 328: ...ransient in nature only the initial fault transient in current and voltage can be measured whereas the intermittent fault creates repetitive transients GUID CC4ADDEA EE11 4011 B184 F873473EBA9F V1 EN Figure 164 Example of earth fault transients including discharge and charge transient components when a permanent fault occurs in a 20 kV network in phase C 4 2 3 6 Signals Table 351 INTRPTEF Input si...

Page 329: ...Calculated Uo 1 Measured Uo Selection for used Uo signal Table 355 INTRPTEF Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 40 60000 ms 1 500 Reset delay time Peak counter limit 2 20 1 2 Min requirement for peak counter before start in IEF mode Min operate current 0 01 1 00 xIn 0 01 0 01 Minimum operating current for transient detector 4 2 3 8 Moni...

Page 330: ...to 0 10 default changed from 0 01 to 0 20 for the Voltage start value setting Minimum value changed from 0 ms to 40 ms for the Reset delay time setting D Voltage start value description changed from Voltage start value for transient EF to Voltage start value since the start value is effective in both operation modes Added support for calculated Uo Uo source measured calculated can be selected with...

Page 331: ...overadmittance oversusceptance overconductance or any combination of the three The directionality of the oversusceptance and overconductance criteria can be defined as forward reverse or non directional and the boundary lines can be tilted if required by the application This allowstheoptimizationoftheshapeoftheadmittancecharacteristics for any given application The function supports two calculatio...

Page 332: ...o for Uo channel is given in Configuration Analog inputs Voltage Uo VT If Calculated Uo is selected the voltage ratio is obtained from phase voltage channels given in Configuration Analog inputs Voltage 3U VT Example 1 Uo is measured from open delta connected VTs 20 sqrt 3 kV 100 sqrt 3 V 100 3 V In this case Measured Uo is selected The nominal values for residual voltage is obtained from the VT r...

Page 333: ...ol reversal parameter to True or by switching the polarity of the residual voltage measurement wires As an alternative for the internal residual overvoltage based start condition the neutral admittance protection can also be externally released by utilizing the RELEASE input When Admittance Clc mode is set to Delta the external logic used must be able to give RELEASE in less than 0 1 s from fault ...

Page 334: ...zation of the change in Uo and Io due to a fault in the admittance calculation also mitigates the effects of the VT and CT measurement errors thus improving the measuring accuracy the sensitivity and the selectivity of the protection Calculation mode Delta is recommended in case a high sensitivity of the protection is required if the network has a high degree of asymmetry during the healthy state ...

Page 335: ...ardless of the neutral earthing method In compensated networks the compensation degree does not affect the result This enables a straightforward setting principle for the neutral admittance protection admittance characteristic is set to cover the value Yo YFdtot with a suitable margin Due to inaccuracies in voltage and current measurement the small real part of the calculated neutral admittance ma...

Page 336: ... Phase to earth admittance of the protected feeder YBg Phase to earth admittance of the background network For example in a 15 kV compensated network with the magnitude of the earth fault current in the protected feeder being 10 A Rf 0 Ω the theoretical value for the measured admittance during an earth fault in the reverse direction that is outside the protected feeder can be calculated Yo j I U j...

Page 337: ...2B6 46E0 8A5B DC425F0FE122 V1 EN Equation 19 High resistance earthed network Yo Y Y Bgtot Rn GUID F91DA4E4 F439 4BFA AA0D 5839B1574946 V1 EN Equation 20 I j I I U Rn eTot eFd ph GUID CAA0C492 20CF 406C 80AC 8301375AB454 V1 EN Equation 21 YBgtot Sum of the phase to earth admittances YBgA YBgB YBgC of the background network YCC Admittance of the earthing arrangement compensation coil and parallel re...

Page 338: ...r is connected the resistive part of the measured admittance is due to the leakage losses of the background network and the losses of the coil As they are typically small the resistive part may not be sufficiently large to secure the discrimination of the fault and its direction based on the measured conductance This and the rating and the operation logic of the parallel resistor should be conside...

Page 339: ...GUID 5DB19698 38F9 433E 954F 4EBDBA5B63BD V1 EN Figure 168 Admittance calculation during a forward fault When the network is fully compensated in compensated networks theoretically during a forward fault the imaginary part of the measured admittance equals the susceptance of the protected feeder with a negative sign The discrimination between a forward and reverse fault must therefore be based on ...

Page 340: ...the measured conductance This and the rating and the operation logic of the parallel resistor should be considered when setting the admittance characteristic When a high sensitivity of the protection is required the residual current should be measured with a cable ring core CT that is the Ferranti CT Also the use of the sensitive Io input should be considered The residual voltage measurement shoul...

Page 341: ...e 170 and Figure 171 illustrate the admittance characteristics supported by EFPADM and the settings relevant to that particular characteristic The most typical characteristics are highlighted and explained in details in the chapter Neutral admittance characteristics Operation is achieved when the calculated neutral admittance Yo moves outside the characteristic the operation area is marked with gr...

Page 342: ...94 4D04 9499 DF38F1F64D59 V1 EN Equation 24 GUID FD8DAB15 CA27 40B0 9A43 FCF0881DB21E V2 EN Figure 169 Admittance characteristic with different operation modes when Directional mode Non directional Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 336 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 343: ... 64B4 449C 9290 70A4CC2D588F V2 EN Figure 170 Admittance characteristic with different operation modes when Directional mode Forward 1MRS758755 A Section 4 Protection functions REC615 and RER615 337 Technical Manual ...

Page 344: ...c is according to DT When the operation timer has reached the value set with the Operate delay time setting the OPERATE output is activated If the fault disappears before the module operates the reset timer is activated If the reset timer reaches the value set with the Reset delay time setting the operation timer resets and the START output is Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 338 REC615...

Page 345: ...he applied characteristic should always be set to cover the total admittance of the protected feeder with a suitable margin However more detailed setting value selection principles depend on the characteristic in question The settings defining the admittance characteristics are given in primary milliSiemens The forward and reverse boundary settings should be set so that the forward setting is alwa...

Page 346: ...y the boundary lines can be tilted by the angle defined with the Conductance tilt Ang setting By default the tilt angle is zero degrees that is the boundary line is a vertical line in the admittance plane A positive tilt value rotates the boundary line counterclockwise from the vertical axis In case of non directional conductance criterion the Conductance reverse setting must be set to a smaller v...

Page 347: ...le defined with the Conductance tilt Ang setting By default the tilt angle is zero degrees that is the boundary line is a vertical line in the admittance plane A positive tilt value rotates the boundary line counterclockwise from the vertical axis Operation is achieved when the measured admittance moves over the boundary line The forward directional overconductance criterion is applicable in high ...

Page 348: ...acteristic is tilted with positive tilt angle Combined overadmittance and overconductance characteristic The combined overadmittance and overconductance criterion is enabled with the Operation mode setting set to Yo Go and Directional mode to Non directional The characteristic is a combination of a circle with the radius defined with the Circle radius setting and two overconductance boundary lines...

Page 349: ...y lines Right figure admittance circle is set off from the origin Combined overconductance and oversusceptance characteristic The combined overconductance and oversusceptance criterion is enabled with the Operation mode setting set to Go Bo By setting Directional mode to Forward the characteristic is a combination of two boundary lines with the settings Conductance forward and Susceptance forward ...

Page 350: ...istic The combined overconductance and oversusceptance criterion is applicable in high resistance earthed unearthed and compensated networks or in the systems where the system earthing may temporarily change during normal operation from compensated to unearthed system GUID 1A21391B A053 432B 8A44 7D2BF714C52D V2 EN Figure 177 Combined forward directional overconductance and forward directional ove...

Page 351: ... in the admittance plane All forward settings are given with positive sign and reverse settings with negative sign 4 2 4 6 Application Admittance based earth fault protection provides a selective earth fault protection for high resistance earthed unearthed and compensated networks It can be applied for the protection of overhead lines as well as with underground cables It can be used as an alterna...

Page 352: ...tect faults with a high fault resistance using a relatively low value for the Voltage start value setting Another instance of EFPADM could then be set to trip with a lower sensitivity by selecting a higher value of the Voltage start value setting than in the alarming instance stage To apply the admittance based earth fault protection at least the following network data are required System earthing...

Page 353: ...tal earth fault current A Rf 0 ohm Residual voltage Unearthed Rf 500 ohm Rf 2500 ohm Rf 5000 ohm Rf 10000 ohm GUID 3880FB01 5C89 4E19 A529 805208382BB1 V1 EN Figure 180 Influence of fault resistance on the residual voltage magnitude in 15 kV unearthed and compensated networks The leakage resistance is assumed to be 30 times larger than the absolute value of the capacitive reactance of the network ...

Page 354: ...ion degree is close to full resonance An earth fault current of 10 A can be converted into admittance Y A kV j Fdtot 10 15 3 1 15 mS GUID 3631BAB9 7D65 4591 A3D6 834687D0E03C V2 EN Equation 25 A parallel resistor current of 15 A can be converted into admittance G A kV cc 15 15 3 1 73 mS GUID 4B7A18DE 68CB 42B2 BF02 115F0ECC03D9 V2 EN Equation 26 According to Equation 13 during an outside fault EFP...

Page 355: ... at 15 kV the recommended security margin should be larger for example 0 7 so that sufficient margin for CT VT errors can be achieved Susceptance forward By default this setting should be based on the minimum operate current of 1 A Susceptance forward 1 A 15 kV sqrt 3 0 1 mS Susceptance reverse This setting should be set based on the value of the maximum earth fault current produced by the feeder ...

Page 356: ...Residual current Uo SIGNAL 0 Residual voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode RELEASE BOOLEAN 0 False External trigger to release neutral admittance protection Table 361 EFPADM Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start Section 4 1MRS758755 A Protection functions 350 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 357: ...reshold in reverse direction Susceptance forward 500 00 500 00 mS 0 01 1 00 Susceptance threshold in forward direction Susceptance reverse 500 00 500 00 mS 0 01 1 00 Susceptance threshold in reverse direction Table 363 EFPADM Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Conductance tilt Ang 30 30 deg 1 0 Tilt angle of conductance boundary line Susceptance tilt Ang 3...

Page 358: ...d fault direction COND_RES FLOAT32 1000 00 1000 00 mS Real part of calculated neutral admittance SUS_RES FLOAT32 1000 00 1000 00 mS Imaginary part of calculated neutral admittance EFPADM Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 4 2 4 10 Technical data Table 367 EFPADM Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy1 At the frequency f fn 1 0 or 0 01 mS In range of 0 5 100 mS S...

Page 359: ...he detection of a faulty feeder is done by comparing the harmonics earth fault current measurements The function starts when the harmonics content of the earth fault current exceeds the set limit The operation time characteristic is either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT If the horizontal communication is used for the exchange of current values between the protection relays ...

Page 360: ... the network from the second harmonic The output of the filter later referred to as the harmonics current is fed to the Level detector and Current comparison modules The harmonics current I_HARM_RES is available in the monitored data view The value is also sent over horizontal communication to the other protection relays on the parallel feeders configured in the protection scheme Normalized output...

Page 361: ...e In the standalone mode depending on the value of the Operating curve type setting the time characteristics are according to DT or IDMT When the operation timer has reached the value of the Operate delay time setting in the DT mode or the value defined by the inverse time curve the OPERATE output is activated Reference use Communication valid When using the horizontal communication the function i...

Page 362: ...le types of the IDMT operating curves If another operating curve type is selected an immediate reset occurs during the drop off situation The setting Time multiplier is used for scaling the IDMT operation and reset times The setting parameter Minimum operate time defines the minimum desired operation time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The Minimum operate tim...

Page 363: ...e configuration level all the values received over the analog GOOSE are compared through the MAX function to find the maximum value The maximum value is sent back to HAEFPTOC as the I_REF_RES input The operation of HAEFPTOC is allowed in case I_REF_RES is lower than the locally measured harmonics current If I_REF_RES exceeds the locally measured harmonics current the operation of HAEFPTOC is block...

Page 364: ...ime Operating curve type 1 ANSI Ext inv 2 ANSI Very inv 3 ANSI Norm inv 4 ANSI Mod inv 5 ANSI Def Time 6 L T E inv 7 L T V inv 8 L T inv 9 IEC Norm inv 10 IEC Very inv 11 IEC inv 12 IEC Ext inv 13 IEC S T inv 14 IEC L T inv 15 IEC Def Time 17 Programmable 18 RI type 19 RD type 15 IEC Def Time Selection of time delay curve type Table 372 HAEFPTOC Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit ...

Page 365: ...Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 10 20 Reset delay time 4 2 5 8 Monitored data Table 375 HAEFPTOC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time I_HARM_RES FLOAT32 0 0 30000 0 A Calculated harmonics current BLKD_I_REF BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True Current comparison status indicator HAEFPTOC Enum 1 on 2 blocke...

Page 366: ... function WPWDE can be used to detect earth faults in unearthed networks compensated networks Petersen coil earthed networks or networks with a high impedance earthing It can be used as an alternative solution to the traditional residual current based earth fault protection functions for example the IoCos mode in the directional earth fault protection function DEFxPDEF WPWDE measures the earth fau...

Page 367: ...8 Function module diagram Directional calculation The Directional calculation module monitors the angle between the operating quantity residual current Io and polarizing quantity residual voltage Uo The operating quantity can be selected with the setting Io signal Sel The selectable options are Measured Io and Calculated Io The polarizing quantity can be selected with the setting Pol signal Sel Th...

Page 368: ...ngle or Maximum Torque Angle MTA The Characteristic angle setting is done based on the method of earthing employed in the network For example in case of an unearthed network the Characteristic angle setting is set to 90 and in case of a compensated network the Characteristic angle setting is set to 0 In general Characteristic angle is selected so that it is close to the expected fault angle value ...

Page 369: ...lue if the operating signal lags the polarizing signal and to a negative value if the operating signal leads the polarizing signal Type of network Recommended characteristic angle Compensated network 0 Unearthed network 90 In unearthed networks when the characteristic angle is 90 the measured residual power is reactive varmetric power The fault direction is also indicated FAULT_DIR available in th...

Page 370: ...rque line Minimum operate current Maximum torque line forward direction RCA 0 Correction angle Correction angle Forward area Backward area GUID B420E2F4 8293 4330 A7F3 9A002940F2A4 V1 EN Figure 191 Definition of correction angle The polarity of the polarizing quantity can be changed rotated by 180 by setting Pol reversal to True or by switching the polarity of the residual voltage measurement wire...

Page 371: ...lculated Io is selected the nominal values for primary and secondary are obtained from the current transformer ratio entered for phase current channels Configuration Analog inputs Current 3I CT For residual voltage Uo if Measured Uo is selected the nominal values for primary and secondary are obtained from the voltage transformer ratio entered for residual voltage channel Configuration Analog inpu...

Page 372: ...tion Analog inputs Current 3U VT 20 000 kV 100 V Residual Current start value of 1 0 In corresponds then 1 0 100 A 100 A in primary Residual Voltage start value of 1 0 Un corresponds then 1 0 20 000 kV 20 000 kV in primary Residual Power start value of 1 0 Pn corresponds then 1 0 20 000 kV 100 A 2000kW in primary If Calculated Uo is selected for the Uo signal Sel setting the nominal value for resi...

Page 373: ...of the BLOCK signal activation is preselected with the global setting Blocking mode The Blocking mode setting has three blocking methods In the Freeze timers mode the operation timer is frozen to the prevailing value but the OPERATE output is not deactivated when blocking is activated In the Block all mode the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset In the Block OPERATE output mode the ...

Page 374: ... is selected with the Measurement mode setting 4 2 6 7 Application The wattmetric method is one of the commonly used directional methods for detecting the earth faults especially in compensated networks The protection uses the residual power component 3UoIoCosφ φ is the angle between the polarizing quantity and operating quantity compensated with a relay characteristic angle Section 4 1MRS758755 A...

Page 375: ...istor RL in parallel with the coil is used for increasing the fault current When a single phase to earth fault occurs the capacitance of the faulty phase is bypassed and the system becomes unsymmetrical The fault current is composed of the currents flowing through the earth capacitances of two healthy phases The protection relay in the healthy feeder tracks only the capacitive current flowing thro...

Page 376: ...erably have a transformation ratio of at least 70 1 Lower transformation ratios such as 50 1 or 50 5 are not recommended unless the phase displacement errors and current transformer amplitude are checked first It is not recommended to use the directional wattmetric protection in case of a ring or meshed system as the wattmetric requires a radial power flow to operate The relay characteristic angle...

Page 377: ...able 378 WPWDE Input signals Name Type Default Description Io SIGNAL 0 Residual current Uo SIGNAL 0 Residual voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode RCA_CTL BOOLEAN 0 False Relay characteristic angle control Table 379 WPWDE Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start 4 2 6 9 Settings Table 380 WPWDE Group settings Basic Param...

Page 378: ...nt 0 010 1 000 xIn 0 001 0 010 Minimum operating current Min operate voltage 0 01 1 00 xUn 0 01 0 01 Minimum operating voltage Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Pol reversal 0 False 1 True 0 False Rotate polarizing quantity Io signal Sel 1 Measured Io 2 Calculated Io 1 Measured Io Selection for used Io signal Uo signal Sel 1 Measured Uo 2 Calculated Uo 1 Measured Uo Selection for u...

Page 379: ...accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Operate time accuracy in IDMT mode 5 0 of the set value or 20 ms Suppression of harmonics 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 1 Io varied during the test Uo 1 0 Un phase to earth voltage during earth fault in compensated or unearthed network the residual power value before fault 0 0 pu fn 50 Hz results based on statistical distribution of 10...

Page 380: ...etric WPWDE and neutral admittance EFPADM MFADPSDE is capable of detecting faults with dominantly fundamental frequency content as well as transient intermittent and restriking earth faults MFADPSDE can be used as an alternative solution to transient or intermittent function INTRPTEF MFADPSDE supports fault direction indication both in operate and non operate direction which may be utilized during...

Page 381: ...eded value to the Fault direction determination module and Operation logic The reporting is referenced as General Fault Criterion release The setting Voltage start value defines the basic sensitivity of the MFADPSDE function To avoid unselective start or operation Voltage start value must always be set to a value which exceeds the maximum healthy state zero sequence voltage value taking into consi...

Page 382: ...0 1 The fundamental frequency neutral admittance phasor I0 1 The fundamental frequency zero sequence current phasor I I I A B C 1 1 1 3 U0 1 The fundamental frequency zero sequence voltage phasor U U U A B C 1 1 1 3 Go 1 The fundamental frequency conductance Re Y0 1 Bo 1 The fundamental frequency susceptance Im Y0 1 Harmonic susceptance Im Im Y I U j B n n n o n 0 0 0 3 GUID FEC1F705 F45C 4C56 9A7...

Page 383: ...lative Phasor Summing CPS technique This filtering method is advantageous during transient intermittent and restriking earth faults with dominantly non sinusoidal or transient content It is equally valid during continuous stable earth faults The concept of CPS is illustrated in Figure 197 It is the result of adding values of the measured sum admittance phasors together in phasor format in chronolo...

Page 384: ...e of compensation When harmonics are present they cause the sum admittance phasor to behave as in case of an unearthed network where directional phasors point in fully opposite directions in the faulty and healthy feeder The direction of the MFADPSDE function is defined with setting Directional mode as Forward or Reverse The operation characteristic is defined by tilted operation sector as illustr...

Page 385: ...network is unearthed The result is also valid in compensated networks when there are harmonic components present in the fault quantities typically low ohmic permanent or intermittent or restriking fault In this case the result is valid regardless of network s actual compensation degree Harmonics would turn the phasor align to the positive Im Yo axis Phasors 3 and 4 depict the direction of accumula...

Page 386: ... measurement errors that is the larger the measurement errors the larger the Tilt angle setting should be Typical setting value of 5 degrees is recommended The detected fault direction is available in the Monitored data view as parameter DIRECTION To adapt the fault direction determination to possible fault direction change during the fault for example during manual fault location process a cyclic...

Page 387: ...provides very stable residual current estimate regardless of the fault type This stabilized current estimate is the result from fundamental frequency admittance calculation utilizing the CPS technique The stabilized current value is obtained after conversion from the corresponding admittance value by multiplying it with the system nominal phase to earth voltage value which is entered as a base val...

Page 388: ... methods When Adaptive is selected the method adapts the principle of magnitude supervision automatically to the system earthing condition In case the phase angle of accumulated sum admittance phasor is greater than 45 degrees the set minimum operate current threshold is compared to the amplitude of Io stab 1 see Figure 199 In case the phase angle of accumulated sum admittance phasor is below 45 d...

Page 389: ...otal resistive earth fault current of the network corresponding to the resistive current of the parallel resistor of the coil and the natural losses of the system typically in order of 1 5 of the total capacitive earth fault current of the network p security factor 0 5 0 7 This setting should be set based on the total resistive earth fault current of the network including the parallel resistor of ...

Page 390: ...e current transformer to minimize the measurement errors especially phase displacement Transient detector The Transient detector module is used for detecting transients in the residual current and zero sequence voltage signals Whenever transient is detected this is indicated with the PEAK_IND output When the number of detected transients equals or exceeds the Peak counter limit setting without the...

Page 391: ...mode General EF Alarming EF and Intermittent EF Operation mode General EF is applicable in all kinds of earth faults in unearthed and compensated networks It is intended to detect all kinds of earth faults regardless of their type transient intermittent or restriking permanent high or low ohmic The setting Voltage start value defines the basic sensitivity of the MFADPSDE function In General EF mod...

Page 392: ...es the percentage ratio of the start situation and the set operating time In case detection of temporary earth faults is not desired the activation of START output can be delayed with setting Start delay time The same setting can be also used to avoid restarting of the function during long lasting post fault oscillations if time constant of post fault oscillations is very long network losses and d...

Page 393: ...e start value defines the basic sensitivity of the MFADPSDE function In Alarming EF mode the operate timer is started during the following conditions Earth fault is detected by the GFC Fault direction equals Directional mode setting Estimated stabilized fundamental frequency residual current exceeds the set Min operate current level The START output is activated once Start delay time has elapsed O...

Page 394: ...Start delay time To keep the operate timer activated between current spikes during intermittent or restriking earth fault the Reset delay time should be set to a value exceeding the maximum expected time interval between fault spikes obtained at full resonance condition The recommended value is at least 300 ms GUID 24122726 5059 44B7 84AD 617E1801F5A8 V1 EN Figure 202 Operation in Alarming EF mode...

Page 395: ...r restriking earth fault The operate timer is kept activated as long as transients occur during the drop off time defined by setting Reset delay time The OPERATE output is activated when Operate delay time has elapsed required number of transients has been detected earth fault is detected by the GFC fault direction matches the Directional mode setting and estimated stabilized fundamental frequency...

Page 396: ...ut a horizontal communication input or an internal signal of the protection relay s program The influence of the BLOCK signal activation is preselected with the global setting Blocking mode The Blocking mode setting has three blocking methods In the Freeze timers mode the operation timer is frozen to the prevailing value In the Block all mode the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset ...

Page 397: ...ce the reset delay time elapses Activation of the BLOCK input deactivates the BLK_EF output and resets Timer GUID 7A52B88C FBA7 435E B967 0C7079EF92F6 V1 EN Figure 204 Activation of BLK_EF output indication that fault is located opposite to the set operate direction 4 2 7 5 Application MFADPSDE provides selective directional earth fault protection for high impedance earthed networks that is for co...

Page 398: ...pports Fault direction indication in operate and non operate direction which may be utilized during fault location process The inbuilt transient detector can be used to identify restriking or intermittent earth faults and discriminate them from permanent or continuous earth faults The direction of MFADPSDE can be set as forward or reverse The operation characteristic is defined by a tilted operati...

Page 399: ...t indication PEAK_IND BOOLEAN Current transient detection indication 4 2 7 7 Settings Table 387 MFADPSDE Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Directional mode 2 Forward 3 Reverse 2 Forward Directional mode Voltage start value 0 01 1 00 xUn 0 01 0 10 Voltage start value Operate delay time 60 1200000 ms 10 500 Operate delay time Table 388 MFADPSDE Group settings ...

Page 400: ...k counter limit for restriking EF Start delay time 30 60000 ms 1 30 Start delay time Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 500 Reset delay time Pol reversal 0 False 1 True 0 False Rotate polarizing quantity 4 2 7 8 Monitored data Table 391 MFADPSDE Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time FAULT_DIR Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 back...

Page 401: ...rcurrent protection NSPTOC 4 3 1 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC I2 46 4 3 1 2 Function block A070758 V1 EN Figure 205 Function block 4 3 1 3 Functionality The negative sequence overcurrent protection function NSPTOC is used for increasing sensitivity to detect sing...

Page 402: ...g a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections A070660 V1 EN Figure 206 Functional module diagram Level detector The measured negative sequence current is compared to the set Start value If the measured value exceeds the set Start value the level detector activates the timer module If the ENA_MULT input is active the set Start value is multiplied by the set St...

Page 403: ...ng Time multiplier is used for scaling the IDMT operate and reset times The setting parameter Minimum operate time defines the minimum desired operate time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The Minimum operate time setting should be used with great care because the operation time is according to the IDMT curve but always at least the value of the Minimum operate...

Page 404: ...arth fault occursonthe wye connectedsideofthepowertransformer negativesequencecurrent quantities appear on the delta connected side of the power transformer The most common application for the negative sequence overcurrent protection is probably rotating machines where negative sequence current quantities indicate unbalanced loading conditions unsymmetrical voltages Unbalanced loading normally cau...

Page 405: ...tion of time delay curve type Table 396 NSPTOC Group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Table 397 NSPTOC Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Curve parameter A 0 0086 120 00...

Page 406: ...urrent fn 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 In Start time 1 2 Minimum Typical Maximum IFault 2 set Start value IFault 10 set Start value 23 ms 15 ms 26 ms 18 ms 28 ms 20 ms Reset time Typically 40 ms Reset ratio Typically 0 96 Retardation time 35 ms Operate time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Operate time accuracy in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theoretical value or 20 ms...

Page 407: ... V1 EN Figure 207 Function block 4 3 2 3 Functionality The phase discontinuity protection function PDNSPTOC is used for detecting unbalance situations caused by broken conductors The function starts and operates when the unbalance current I2 I1 exceeds the set limit To prevent faulty operation at least one phase current needs to be above the minimum level PDNSPTOC operates with DT characteristic T...

Page 408: ... to enable the level detector module Timer Once activated the timer activates the START output The time characteristic is according to DT When the operation timer has reached the value set by Operate delay time the OPERATE output is activated If the fault disappears before the module operates the reset timer is activated If the reset timer reaches the value set by Reset delay time the operate time...

Page 409: ...ee phase protection with DT characteristic designed for detecting broken conductors in distribution and subtransmission networks The function is applicable for both overhead lines and underground cables The operation of PDNSPTOC is based on the ratio of the positive sequence and negative sequence currents This gives a better sensitivity and stability compared to plain negative sequence current pro...

Page 410: ...GNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 403 PDNSPTOC Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operate START BOOLEAN Start 4 3 2 7 Settings Table 404 PDNSPTOC Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 10 100 1 10 Start value Opera...

Page 411: ...LOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time RATIO_I2_I1 FLOAT32 0 00 999 99 Measured current ratio I2 I1 PDNSPTOC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 4 3 2 9 Technical data Table 408 PDNSPTOC Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured current fn 2 Hz 2 of the set value Start time 70 ms Reset time Typically 40 ms Rese...

Page 412: ...ity The three phase overvoltage protection function PHPTOV is applied on power system elements such as generators transformers motors and power lines to protect the system from excessive voltages that could damage the insulation and cause insulation breakdown The three phase overvoltage function includes a settable value for the detection of overvoltage either in a single phase two phases or three...

Page 413: ...put signal slightly differs from the Start value setting After leaving the hysteresis area the start condition has to be fulfilled again and it is not sufficient for the signal to only return to the hysteresis area The Voltage selection setting is used for selecting phase to earth or phase to phase voltages for protection For the voltage IDMT operation mode the used IDMT curve equations contain di...

Page 414: ...selected the reset timer runs until the set Reset delay time value is exceeded If the drop off situation exceeds the set Reset delay time the Timer is reset and the START output is deactivated When the IDMT operate time curve is selected the functionality of the Timer in the drop off state depends on the combination of theType of reset curve Type of time reset and Reset delay time settings Table 4...

Page 415: ...ng is used for scaling the IDMT operate times The Minimum operate time setting parameter defines the minimum desired operate time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The Minimum operate time setting should be used with care because the operation time is according to the IDMT curve but always at least the value of the Minimum operate time setting For more informati...

Page 416: ...rozen to the prevailing value but the OPERATE output is not deactivated when blocking is activated In the Block all mode the whole function is blocked and the Timers are reset In the Block OPERATE output mode the function operates normally but the OPERATE output is not activated The Freeze timers mode of blocking has no effect during the inverse reset mode 4 4 1 5 Timer characteristics The operati...

Page 417: ...oltage due to the trapped field flux and overspeed If a load sensitive to overvoltage remains connected it leads to equipment damage It is essential to provide power frequency overvoltage protection in the form of time delayed element either IDMT or DT to prevent equipment damage 4 4 1 7 Signals Table 412 PHPTOV Input signals Name Type Default Description U_A_AB SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage A o...

Page 418: ...ze Op timer Selection of time reset Table 416 PHPTOV Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Num of start phases 1 1 out of 3 2 2 out of 3 3 3 out of 3 1 1 out of 3 Number of phases required for operate activation Curve parameter A 0 005 200 000 1 1 000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 5...

Page 419: ...g on the frequency of the measured voltage fn 2 Hz 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 Un Start time1 2 Minimum Typical Maximum UFault 1 1 set Start value 23 ms 27 ms 31 ms Reset time Typically 40 ms Reset ratio Depends on the set Relative hysteresis Retardation time 35 ms Operate time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Operate time accuracy in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theo...

Page 420: ...4 4 2 3 Functionality The three phase undervoltage protection function PHPTUV is used to disconnect from the network devices for example electric motors which are damaged when subjected to service under low voltage conditions PHPTUV includes a settable value for the detection of undervoltage either in a single phase two phases or three phases The function contains a blocking functionality It is po...

Page 421: ...uations contain discontinuity characteristics The Curve Sat relative setting is used for preventing unwanted operation For more detailed description on IDMT curves and usage of Curve Sat Relative setting see the IDMT curves for under voltage protection section in this manual The level detector contains a low level blocking functionality for cases where one of the measured voltages is below the des...

Page 422: ... selected the reset timer runs until the set Reset delay time value is exceeded If the drop off situation exceeds the set Reset delay time the Timer is reset and the START output is deactivated When the IDMT operate time curve is selected the functionality of the Timer in the drop off state depends on the combination of theType of reset curve Type of time reset and Reset delay time settings Table ...

Page 423: ...rate times The Minimum operate time setting parameter defines the minimum desired operate time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The Minimum operate time setting should be used with care because the operation time is according to the IDMT curve but always at least the value of the Minimum operate time setting For more information see the IDMT curves for overcurr...

Page 424: ... In the Block OPERATE output mode the function operates normally but the OPERATE output is not activated The Freeze timers mode of blocking has no effect during the Inverse reset mode 4 4 2 5 Timer characteristics The operating curve types supported by PHPTUV are Table 422 Supported IDMT operate curve types Operating curve type 5 ANSI Def Time 15 IEC Def Time 21 Inv Curve A 22 Inv Curve B 23 Progr...

Page 425: ...Table 423 PHPTUV Input signals Name Type Default Description U_A_AB SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage A or phase to phase voltage AB U_B_BC SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage B or phase to phase voltage BC U_C_CA SIGNAL 0 Phase to earth voltage C or phase to phase voltage CA BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 424 PHPTUV Output signals Name Type Description OPERATE...

Page 426: ...Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 000 60 000 1 0 000 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 000 3 000 1 1 000 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Voltage selection 1 phase to earth 2 phase to phase 2 phase to phase Parameter to select phase or phase to phase voltages Table 428 PHPTUV Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range U...

Page 427: ...Operate time accuracy in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theoretical value or 20 ms3 Suppression of harmonics DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 1 Start value 1 0 Un Voltage before fault 1 1 Un fn 50 Hz undervoltage in one phase to phase with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output con...

Page 428: ...thing The function starts when the residual voltage exceeds the set limit ROVPTOV operates with the definite time DT characteristic The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs the definite timer or the function itself if desired 4 4 3 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter val...

Page 429: ...0V The residual voltage start value of 1 0 Un corresponds to 1 0 20 000 kV 20 000 kV in the primary If Calculated Uo is selected the nominal value of residual voltage is always phase to phase voltage Thus the valid maximum setting for residual voltage Start value is 0 577 Un The calculated Uo requires that all three phase to earth voltages are connected to the protection relay Uo cannot be calcula...

Page 430: ...nding on the type of the fault and the fault resistance the residual voltage reaches different values The highest residual voltage equal to the phase to earth voltage is achieved for a single phase earth fault The residual voltage increases approximately the same amount in the whole system and does not provide any guidance in finding the faulty component Therefore this function is often used as a ...

Page 431: ...nit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time 4 4 3 8 Monitored data Table 437 ROVPTOV Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time ROVPTOV Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 4 4 3 9 Technical data Table 438 ROVPTOV Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Dep...

Page 432: ...quence overvoltage protection NSPTOV 4 4 4 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Negative sequence overvoltage protection NSPTOV U2 47O 4 4 4 2 Function block GUID F94BCCE8 841F 405C B659 3EF26F959557 V1 EN Figure 218 Function block 4 4 4 3 Functionality The negative sequence overvoltage protection function NSPTOV is u...

Page 433: ...r resets and the START output is deactivated The timer calculates the start duration value START_DUR which indicates the percentage ratio of the start situation and the set operation time The value is available in the monitored data view Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the global setting in Configurat...

Page 434: ...peration can be applied as a backup protection or it can be used as an alarm The latter can be applied when it is not required to trip loads tolerating voltage unbalance better than the rotating machines If there is a considerable degree of voltage unbalance in the network the rotating machines should not be connected to the network at all This logic can be implemented by inhibiting the closure of...

Page 435: ...Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Table 444 NSPTOV Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time 4 4 4 8 Monitored data Table 445 NSPTOV Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time opera...

Page 436: ... sequence voltage before fault 0 0 Un fn 50 Hz negative sequence overvoltage with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact 4 4 4 10 Technical revision history Table 447 NSPTOV Technical revision history Technical revision Change B Internal change C Internal improvement D Inter...

Page 437: ... time DT characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs the definite timer or the function itself if desired 4 4 5 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of PSPTUV can be described using a module diagram All the modules in the d...

Page 438: ...ds In the Freeze timers mode the operation timer is frozen to the prevailing value but the OPERATE output is not deactivated when blocking is activated In the Block all mode the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset In the Block OPERATE output mode the function operates normally but the OPERATE output is not activated 4 4 5 5 Application PSPTUV can be applied for protecting a power st...

Page 439: ...the condition of the generator itself is normal but the phase angle and the frequency of the phase to phase voltage can be different from the corresponding voltage in the rest of the network The island can have a frequency of its own relatively fast when fed by a small power station with a low inertia PSPTUV complements other loss of grid protection principles based on the frequency and voltage op...

Page 440: ...tive hysteresis for operation 4 4 5 8 Monitored data Table 454 PSPTUV Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time PSPTUV Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 4 4 5 9 Technical data Table 455 PSPTUV Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured voltage fn 2...

Page 441: ...evision history Table 456 PSPTUV Technical revision history Technical revision Change B C Internal improvement D Internal improvement 4 5 Frequency protection 4 5 1 Frequency protection FRPFRQ 4 5 1 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Frequency protection FRPFRQ f f df dt 81 4 5 1 2 Function block GUID 744529D8 E976 ...

Page 442: ...equency detection module includes an overfrequency or underfrequency detection based on the Operation mode setting In the Freq mode the measured frequency is compared to the set Start value Freq If the measured value exceeds the set value of the Start value Freq setting the module reports the exceeding of the value to the operate logic module In the Freq mode the measured frequency is compared to ...

Page 443: ...operates independently as the overfrequency Freq protection function When the measured frequency exceeds the set value of the Start value Freq setting the module activates the START and STR_OFRQ outputs The time characteristic is according to DT When the operation timer has reached the value set by the Operate Tm Freq setting the OPERATE and OPR_OFRQ outputs are activated If the frequency restores...

Page 444: ... OR df dt A parallel operation between the protection methods is enabled The START output is activated when either of the measured values of the protection module exceeds its set value Detailed information about the active module is available at the STR_UFRQ and STR_FRG outputs The shortest operate delay time from the set Operate Tm Freq or Operate Tm df dt is dominant regarding the OPERATE output...

Page 445: ...ode the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset In the Block OPERATE output mode the function operates normally but the OPERATE output is not activated 4 5 1 5 Application The frequency protection function uses the positive phase sequence voltage to measure the frequency reliably and accurately The system frequency stability is one of the main principles in the distribution and transmis...

Page 446: ...sion DC systems and gas turbine startup The frequency gradient is often used in combination with a low frequency signal especially in smaller power systems where the loss of a large generator requires quick remedial actions to secure the power system integrity In such situations the load shedding actions are required at a rather high frequency level However in combination with a large negative fre...

Page 447: ...ay time for frequency rate of change Table 462 FRPFRQ Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Table 463 FRPFRQ Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay Tm Freq 0 60000 ms 1 0 Reset delay time for frequency Reset delay Tm df dt 0 60000 ms 1 0 Reset delay time for rate...

Page 448: ...sion Change B Step value changed from 0 001 to 0 0001 for the Start value Freq and Start value Freq settings C df dt setting step changed from 0 005 Fn s to 0 0025 Fn s D Internal improvement 4 5 2 Load shedding and restoration LSHDPFRQ 4 5 2 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Load shedding and restoration LSHDPFRQ ...

Page 449: ... and the activation of LSHDPFRQ This time delay can be set and it is used to prevent unwanted load shedding actions when the system frequency recovers to the normal level Throughout this document high df dt is used to mean a high rate of change of the frequency in negative direction Once the frequency has stabilized LSHDPFRQ can restore the load that is shed during the frequency disturbance The re...

Page 450: ... Reset delay time the timer resets and the ST_FRQ output is deactivated df dt detection The df dt detection measures the input frequency calculated from the voltage signal and calculates its gradient A high df dt condition is detected by comparing the gradient to the Start value df dt setting The df dt detection is activated when the frequency gradient decreases at a faster rate than the set value...

Page 451: ... through START_DUR which is available as monitored data 50 Hz Start value Freq set at 0 975 xFn Start value df dt set at 0 020 xFn s Operate Tm df dt 500ms Operate Tm Freq 1000ms Load shed mode Freq AND df dt 49 Hz ST_FRG OPR_FRG 500ms 1s OPERATE is activated as Freq AND df dt condition satisfied OPERATE 48 75 Hz Start of operation timer ST_FRQ OPR_FRQ Start of operation timer 1s Time s Frequency ...

Page 452: ...B70ACA275EB V2 EN Figure 227 Load shedding operation in the Freq AND df dt mode when only the df dt condition is satisfied Rated frequency 50 Hz Restore detection If after the activation of the OPERATE input the frequency recovers to a level above the Restore start Val setting the RESTORE signal output is activated The RESTORE output remains active for a 100 ms The Restore mode setting is used to ...

Page 453: ...ise where the restoring operation needs to be canceled Activating the BLK_REST input for the Auto or Manual modes cancels the restoring operation In the Manual restoring mode the cancellation happens even if MAN_RESTORE is present Once the RESTORE output command is cancelled the reactivation of RESTORE is possible only after the reactivation of the OPERATE output that is when the next load sheddin...

Page 454: ...e operating frequency from the nominal frequency This off nominal frequency operation is harmful to power system components like turbines and motors Therefore such situation must be prevented from continuing The frequency based load shedding scheme should be applied to restore the operation of the system to normal frequency This is achieved by quickly creating the load generation balance by discon...

Page 455: ... seconds After every shedding the system frequency is read back and further shedding actions are taken only if necessary In order to take the effect of any transient a sufficient time delay should be set The value of the setting has to be well below the lowest occurring normal frequency and well above the lowest acceptable frequency of the system The setting level the number of steps and the dista...

Page 456: ...between the load and generation when severe faults or combinations of faults are cleared Up to 3 Hz s has been experienced when a small island becomes isolated from a large system For normal severe disturbances in large power systems the rate of change of the frequency is much less often just a fraction of 1 0 Hz s Similarly the setting for df dt can be from 0 1 Hz s to 1 2 Hz s in steps of 0 1 Hz...

Page 457: ... shedding OPR_FRQ BOOLEAN Operate signal for under frequency OPR_FRG BOOLEAN Operate signal for high df dt START BOOLEAN Start ST_FRQ BOOLEAN Pick Up signal for under frequency detection ST_FRG BOOLEAN Pick Up signal for high df dt detection RESTORE BOOLEAN Restore signal for load restoring purposes ST_REST BOOLEAN Restore frequency attained and restore timer started 4 5 2 7 Settings Table 472 LSH...

Page 458: ...on Off On Table 474 LSHDPFRQ Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 50 Time delay after which the definite timers will reset 4 5 2 8 Monitored data Table 475 LSHDPFRQ Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Start duration LSHDPFRQ Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Stat...

Page 459: ...RDIR is used to detect positive sequence power direction The output of the function is used for blocking or releasing other functions in protection scheme The directional positive sequence power protection contains a blocking functionality which blocks function output and resets Timer 4 6 1 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding ...

Page 460: ...Characteristic angle setting If the angular difference is within the operating sector selected with the Directional mode setting the On signal is sent to Timer The operating sector is defined by the setting Min forward angle Max forward angle Min reverse angle and Max reverse angle The options that can be selected for the Directional mode setting are Forward and Reverse The sector limits are alway...

Page 461: ...ted The Timer characteristic is according to definite time DT When Timer has reached the value of Release delay time the RELEASE output is activated If a drop off situation happens that is if the operating current moves outside the operating sector or signal amplitudes drop below the minimum level before Release delay time is exceeded the Timer reset state is activated If the drop off continues fo...

Page 462: ...phase angle in forward direction Max reverse angle 0 90 deg 1 88 Maximum phase angle in reverse direction Min forward angle 0 90 deg 1 88 Minimum phase angle in forward direction Min reverse angle 0 90 deg 1 88 Minimum phase angle in reverse direction Directional mode 1 Non directional 2 Forward 3 Reverse 2 Forward Directional mode Table 480 DPSRDIR Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range ...

Page 463: ...Function block 4 7 3 Functionality The multipurpose protection function MAPGAPC is used as a general protection with many possible application areas as it has flexible measuring and setting facilities The function can be used as an under or overprotection with a settable absolute hysteresis limit The function operates with the definite time DT characteristics The function contains a blocking funct...

Page 464: ...ng the hysteresis area the start condition has to be fulfilled again and it is not sufficient for the signal to only return to the hysteresis area If the ENA_ADD input is activated the threshold value of the internal comparator is the sum of the Start value Add and Start value settings The resulting threshold value for the comparator can be increased or decreased depending on the sign and value of...

Page 465: ...chemes for the function Thus the absolute hysteresis can be set to a value that suits the application The temperature protection using the RTD sensors can be done using the function block The measured temperature can be fed from the RTD sensor to the function input that detects too high temperatures in the motor bearings or windings for example When the ENA_ADD input is enabled the threshold value...

Page 466: ...e Table 488 MAPGAPC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 100 0 Reset delay time Absolute hysteresis 0 01 100 00 0 01 0 10 Absolute hysteresis for operation 4 7 8 Monitored data Table 489 MAPGAPC Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description START_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of start time operate time MAPGAPC Enum 1 ...

Page 467: ...orks Transformer inrush detection is based on the following principle the output signal BLK2H is activated once the numerically derived ratio of second harmonic current I_2H and the fundamental frequency current I_1H exceeds the set value The operate time characteristic for the function is of definite time DT type The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates all outputs and ...

Page 468: ...erate delay time value The time characteristic is according to DT When the operation timer has reached the Operate delay time value the BLK2H output is activated After the timer has elapsed and the inrush situation still exists the BLK2H signal remains active until the I_2H I_1H ratio drops below the value set for the ratio in all phases that is until the inrush situation is over If the drop off s...

Page 469: ...ion function can be used to selectively block overcurrent and earth fault function stages when the ratio of second harmonic component over the fundamental component exceeds the set value Other applications of this function include the detection of inrush in lines connected to a transformer A070695 V4 EN Figure 236 Inrush current in transformer It is recommended to use the second harmonic and the w...

Page 470: ...NRPHAR Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 5 100 1 20 Ratio of the 2 to the 1 harmonic leading to restraint Operate delay time 20 60000 ms 1 20 Operate delay time Table 494 INRPHAR Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Table 495 INRPHAR Non group settings Advanced Pa...

Page 471: ...revision history Table 498 INRPHAR Technical revision history Technical revision Change B Internal improvement C Internal improvement 5 2 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF 5 2 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF 3I Io BF 51BF 51NBF 5 2 2 Function block A070436 V4 EN...

Page 472: ... length can be set independently for the trip output The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function outputs if desired 5 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of CCBRBRF can be described using a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are ...

Page 473: ... ms The 150 ms time elapse is provided to prevent malfunctioning due to oscillation in the starting signal In case the setting Start latching mode is set to Level sensitive the CCBRBRF is reset immediately after the START signal is deactivated The recommended setting value is Rising edge The resetting of the function depends on the CB failure mode setting If CB failure mode is set to Current the r...

Page 474: ...t maximum time value CB failure delay the backup trip logic is activated The value of this setting is made as low as possible at the same time as any unwanted operation is avoided A typical setting is 90 150 ms which is also dependent on the retrip timer The minimum time delay for the CB failure delay can be estimated as CBfailuredelay Retriptime t t t cbopen BFP reset margin _ A070693 V3 EN Equat...

Page 475: ... output which can be used to give a retrip signal for the main circuit breaker Timer 1 activates the retrip logic The operation of the retrip logic depends on the CB fail retrip mode setting The retrip logic is inactive if the CB fail retrip mode setting is set to Off If CB fail retrip mode is set to the Current check mode the activation of the retrip output TRRET depends on the CB failure mode se...

Page 476: ...c provides the TRBU output which can be used to trip the upstream backup circuit breaker when the main circuit breaker fails to clear the fault The backup trip logic is activated by the timer 2 module or timer enabling signal from the start logic module rising edge of the START input detected and simultaneously CB_FAULT_AL is active The operation of the backup logic depends on the CB failure mode ...

Page 477: ...pulse time setting or until the values of all the phase currents drop below the Current value whichever takes longer In most applications 1 out of 3 is sufficient If the CB failure mode is set to Breaker status the TRBU output is activated if the circuit breaker is in the closed position Once activated the TRBU output remains active for the time set with the Trip pulse time setting or the time the...

Page 478: ...e function issues a backup trip command to up stream circuit breakers in case the original circuit breaker fails to trip for the protected component The detection of a failure to break the current through the breaker is made by measuring the current or by detecting the remaining trip signal unconditional CCBRBRF can also retrip This means that a second trip signal is sent to the protected circuit ...

Page 479: ...lable When a retrip with current check is chosen the retrip is performed only if there is a current flow through the circuit breaker The backup trip timer is also initiated at the same time as the retrip timer If CCBRBRF detects a failure in tripping the fault within the set backup delay time which is longer than the retrip time it sends a backup trip signal to the chosen backup breakers The circu...

Page 480: ...CBRBRF Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Current value 0 05 2 00 xIn 0 01 0 30 Operating phase current Current value Res 0 05 2 00 xIn 0 01 0 30 Operating residual current CB failure trip mode 1 2 out of 4 2 1 out of 3 3 1 out of 4 2 1 out of 3 Backup trip current check mode CB failure mode 1 Current 2 Breaker s...

Page 481: ...blocked 5 off Status 5 2 9 Technical data Table 504 CCBRBRF Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured current fn 2 Hz 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 In Operate time accuracy 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Reset time Typically 40 ms Retardation time 20 ms 5 2 10 Technical revision history Table 505 CCBRBRF Technical revision history Technical re...

Page 482: ...aker The minimum trip pulse length can be set when the non latched mode is selected It is also possible to select the latched or lockout mode for the trip signal 5 3 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off When the TRPPTRC function is disabled all trip outputs intended to go through the function to ...

Page 483: ...PPTRC is provided with possibilities to activate a lockout When activated the lockout can be manually reset after checking the primary fault by activating the RST_LKOUT input or from the LHMI clear menu parameter When using the Latched mode the resetting of the TRIP output can be done similarly as when using the Lockout mode It is also possible to reset the Latched mode remotely through a separate...

Page 484: ...ich needs for example different trip pulse time another trip logic function can be used The two instances of the PTRC function are identical only the names of the functions TRPPTRC1 and TRPPTRC2 are different Therefore even if all references are made only to TRPPTRC1 they also apply to TRPPTRC2 The inputs from the protection functions are connected to the OPERATE input Usually a logic block OR is ...

Page 485: ...VPTOV2_OPERATE PHPTOV1_OPERATE PHPTOV2_OPERATE PHPTOV3_OPERATE PHPTUV1_OPERATE PHPTUV2_OPERATE PHPTUV3_OPERATE NSPTOV1_OPERATE PSPTUV1_OPERATE PHLPTOC1_OPERATE EFLPTOC1_OPERATE LSHDPFR1_OPERATE AND PHHPTOC1_OPERATE EFHPTOC1_OPERATE SPCGGIO1_CNT_LOGIC_ENA AND PHIPTOC1_START EFIPTOC1_START SPCGGIO1_SW_MODE_ENA FRPFRQ2_OPERATE FRPFRQ1_OPERATE GUID 5B6EAAF1 DAF5 4E63 9083 3C6EF0EEFB24 V1 EN Figure 246...

Page 486: ...ERATE EFIPTOC1_OPERATE EFHPTOC1_OPERATE FDEFLPDEF1_OPERATE DEFHPDEF1_OPERATE FDEFLPDEF2_OPERATE FRPFRQ2_OPERATE FRPFRQ1_OPERATE GUID 8A61B6AD F056 4B07 8CA2 323DF23D8B94 V1 EN Figure 247 Typical TRPPTRC connection with RER615 5 3 6 Signals Table 507 TRPPTRC Input signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block of function OPERATE BOOLEAN 0 False Operate RST_LKOUT BOOLEAN 0 False ...

Page 487: ...me Type Values Range Unit Description TRPPTRC Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 5 3 9 Technical revision history Table 511 TRPPTRC Technical revision history Technical revision Change B C D Internal improvement E Setting Trip output mode default setting is changed to Latched F Internal improvement 5 4 Fault locator SCEFRFLO 5 4 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 i...

Page 488: ...ents and phase to earth voltages are measured The fault distance estimate is obtained when the function is externally or internally triggered 5 4 4 Operation principle The fault distance calculation is done in two steps First the fault type is determined with the inbuilt Phase Selection Logic PSL Second based on the selected impedance measuring element fault loop the fault distance from the measur...

Page 489: ...90C4 0734 46B5 9D17 5A7FA6F723E6 V1 EN Equation 45 Uxy Nominal phase to phase voltage Smax Maximum three phase load For example if Uxy 20 kV and Smax 1 MVA then Z Max phase load 320 0 Ω The identification of the faulty phases is compulsory for the correct operation of SCEFRFLO This is because only one of the impedance measuring elements fault loops provides the correct result for a specific fault ...

Page 490: ...ependent algorithms for each fault type to achieve optimal performance The inherent result from the fault distance calculation is the ohmic fault loop impedance value Table 513 The calculated impedance values available in the recorded data Impedance valule Description Flt phase reactance Estimated positive sequence reactance from the substation to the fault location in primary ohms Flt point resis...

Page 491: ...actance X XN 1 GUID B4E21936 B993 4A8A 9C4A 7425F8AC4670 V3 EN Equation 48 Flt phase reactance X 1 GUID 56EC16DD 7F6A 4DE5 935E 4302196DE21A V3 EN Equation 49 R1 Estimated positive sequence resistance from the substation to the fault location X1 Estimated positive sequence reactance from the substation to the fault location R0 Estimated zero sequence resistance from the substation to the fault loc...

Page 492: ...gorithm can be applied with low impedance effectively earthed systems where the fault current is fed from one side only The Load modelling algorithm has been especially designed for unearthed systems The Load modelling algorithm requires the Equivalent load Dis setting that is an equivalent load distance as an additional parameter The derivation and meaning of this parameter is illustrated in Figu...

Page 493: ...gure 251 The calculation of this value requires data from the DMS system Alternatively the setting Equivalent load Dis can be determined by conducting a single phase earth fault test Rfault 0 Ω at that point of the feeder where the maximum actual voltage drop takes place This point is typically located at the end of the main line As a result the calculated value is stored in the recorded data Equi...

Page 494: ...mple with proper switching operations in the background network if possible which increase the fault current If the faulty feeder is re energized after the switching operation a new estimate for the fault distance can be obtained Fault resistance decreases the fault location accuracy and the resistance should not be too high the maximum is a few hundred ohms Also low value of Flt to Lod Cur ratio ...

Page 495: ...dances of the protected feeder to be given as settings If these settings are not available valid impedance values can be calculated also without the fault loop model with setting Enable simple model TRUE However valid distance estimate that is the conversion of measured impedance electrical fault distance into a physical fault distance requires accurate positive sequence impedance settings Fault l...

Page 496: ...fault distance calculation is most accurate when the calculation is made with the fault loop model This model requires positive sequence impedances of the protected feeder to be given as settings If these settings are not available valid impedance values can be calculated also without the fault loop model with setting Enable simple model TRUE However valid distance estimate that is the conversion ...

Page 497: ...on is to improve the accuracy of the fault distance calculation models by estimating the actual fault current in the fault location Delta quantities are used for this to mitigate the effect of load current on fault distance estimation For earth faults the load compensation is done automatically inside the fault distance calculation algorithm For short circuit faults load compensation is enabled wi...

Page 498: ...1 Xloop is the total loop reactance according to settings For example if fault point resistance exceeds 500 Ω and Flt to Lod Cur ratio is below 1 0 Flt Dist quality is 36 As another example if no error sources are found but stability criterion is not met the value of Flt Dist quality is 2 Impedance settings The fault distance calculation in SCEFRFLO is based on the fault loop impedance modeling Th...

Page 499: ...ation which applies to symmetrically transposed three phase aluminium overhead lines without ground wires X a r km n en 1 4 10 2 0 5 ω ln Ω GUID B7F3697A 7C8E 4BF6 A63C 7BFD307DD128 V2 EN Equation 59 ωn 2 π fn where fn fundamental frequency Hz aen a a a 12 23 31 3 GUID DA850ABF 239A 4AB5 B63B F0B54557CF2E V2 EN the geometric average of phase distances m axy distance m between phases x and y r radi...

Page 500: ...ces are not required The positive sequence impedance per unit values for the lines are typically known or can easily be obtained from data sheets The zero sequence values are generally not as easy to obtain as they depend on the actual installation conditions and configurations Sufficient accuracy can however be obtained with rather simple calculations using the following equations which apply per...

Page 501: ...presents the leakage losses of the protected feeder in terms of resistance per phase The Ph capacitive React setting represents the total phase to earth capacitive reactance of the protected feeder per phase Based on experience a proper estimate for Ph leakage Ris should be about 20 40 Ph capacitive React GUID 4FEEEF83 D0D7 49A8 90F6 453E28AE27B2 V2 EN Figure 256 Equivalent diagram of the protecte...

Page 502: ... of setting Ph capacitive React GUID DB04812D DFF9 4E3F 9CC3 486322E70420 V1 EN Figure 257 An example configuration which enables the measurement of setting Ph capacitive React If the earth fault is detected by the residual overvoltage function START of ROVPTOV but not seen by the forward looking earth fault protection function START of DEFLPDEF the fault is located outside the protected feeder Th...

Page 503: ... fault distance This option should be used in the case of a non homogeneous line when the protected feeder consists of two types of conductors Impedance model with three line sections is enabled by setting Line Len section A Line Len section B and Line Len section C all differ from zero In this case the impedance settings R1 line section A X1 line section A R0 line section A X0 line section A R1 l...

Page 504: ...n C 0 000 pu 3000 pu Figure 258 illustrates the conversion error from measured fault loop reactance into physical fault distance The fault location is varied from 1 km to 10 km in 1 km steps marked with circles An error of nearly eight per cent at maximum is created by the conversion procedure when modeling a non homogenous line with only one section By using impedance model with three line sectio...

Page 505: ...ernal triggering the TRIGG input is not used for triggering Instead the trigger signal is created internally so that the estimation is started when phase selection logic detects a fault and the estimate is triggered when its value has stabilized sufficiently This is judged by maximum variation in fault distance estimate and defined with setting Distance estimate Va in the same unit as the fault di...

Page 506: ...a values are stored at this moment GUID 2C1E2C55 B61A 4200 BC8E 0F6FC9036A56 V3 EN Figure 260 The behavior of fault distance estimate in time 5 4 4 4 Alarm indication SCEFRFLO contains an alarm output for the calculated fault distance If the calculated fault distance FLT_DISTANCE is between the settings Low alarm Dis limit and High alarm Dis limit the ALARM output is activated The ALARM output can...

Page 507: ...e table for recorded and monitored data values Recorded data Monitored data Flt loop FAULT_LOOP Flt distance FLT_DISTANCE Flt Dist quality FLT_DIST_Q Flt loop resistance RFLOOP Flt loop reactance XFLOOP Flt phase reactance XFPHASE Flt point resistance RF Flt to Lod Cur ratio IFLT_PER_ILD Equivalent load Dis S_CALC XC0F Calc XC0F_CALC 5 4 4 6 Measurement modes The full operation of SCEFRFLO require...

Page 508: ...d distribution networks Configuration example A typical configuration example for SCEFRFLO triggering is illustrated inFigure 257 where external triggering is applied that is Calculation Trg mode is set to External The OPERATE signal from non directional overcurrent function PHLPTOC is used to provide an indication of a short circuit fault The OPERATE signal from the directional earth fault functi...

Page 509: ...calculation triggering signal TRIGG_XC0F BOOLEAN 0 False XC0F calculation triggering signal Table 521 SCEFRFLO Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Fault location alarm signal 5 4 7 Settings Table 522 SCEFRFLO Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Z Max phase load 1 0 10000 0 ohm 0 1 80 0 Impedance per phase of max load overcurr under imp PSL Ph le...

Page 510: ...000 000 ohm pu 0 001 4 000 Zero sequence line resistance line section B X0 line section B 0 000 1000 000 ohm pu 0 001 4 000 Zero sequence line reactance line section B Line Len section B 0 000 1000 000 pu 0 001 0 000 Line length section B R1 line section C 0 000 1000 000 ohm pu 0 001 1 000 Positive sequence line resistance line section C X1 line section C 0 000 1000 000 ohm pu 0 001 1 000 Positive...

Page 511: ...t resistance in primary ohms FAULT_LOOP Enum 1 AG Fault 2 BG Fault 3 CG Fault 4 AB Fault 5 BC Fault 6 CA Fault 7 ABC Fault 5 No fault Fault impedance loop FLT_DISTANCE FLOAT32 0 00 3000 00 pu Fault distance in units selected by the user FLT_DIST_Q INT32 0 511 Fault distance quality RFLOOP FLOAT32 0 0 1000000 0 ohm Fault loop resistance in primary ohms XFLOOP FLOAT32 0 0 1000000 0 ohm Fault loop re...

Page 512: ... 00 180 00 deg Pre fault current phase A angle A Pre Flt Phs B Magn FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Pre fault current phase B magnitude A Pre Flt Phs B Angl FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Pre fault current phase B angle A Pre Flt Phs C Magn FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Pre fault current phase C magnitude A Pre Flt Phs C Angl FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Pre fault current phase C angle V Pre Flt Phs A Magn FLOAT32 0 00 4...

Page 513: ...00 40 00 xIn Fault voltage phase B magnitude V Flt Phs B angle FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Fault voltage phase B angle V Flt Phs C Magn FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Fault voltage phase C magnitude V Flt Phs C angle FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Fault voltage phase C angle 5 4 9 Technical data Table 527 SCEFRFLO Technical data Characteristic Value Measurement accuracy At the frequency f fn Impedance 2 5 or 0 2...

Page 514: ...508 ...

Page 515: ...rcuit is reported to the corresponding function block in the relay configuration The function starts and operates when TCSSCBR detects a trip circuit failure The operating time characteristic for the function is DT The function operates after a predefined operating time and resets when the fault disappears The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates the ALARM output and res...

Page 516: ... program The activation of the BLOCK input prevents the ALARM output to be activated 6 1 5 Application TCSSCBR detects faults in the electrical control circuit of the circuit breaker The function can supervise both open and closed coil circuits This supervision is necessary to find out the vitality of the control circuits continuously Figure 264 shows an application of the trip circuit supervision...

Page 517: ...S is required only in a closed position the external shunt resistance can be omitted When the circuit breaker is in the open position TCS sees the situation as a faulty circuit One way to avoid TCS operation in this situation would be to block the supervision function whenever the circuit breaker is open 1MRS758755 A Section 6 Supervision functions REC615 and RER615 511 Technical Manual ...

Page 518: ...ontacts It is typical that the trip circuit contains more than one trip contact in parallel for example in transformer feeders where the trip of a Buchholz relay is connected in parallel with the feeder terminal and other relays involved The supervising current cannot detect if one or all the other contacts connected in parallel are not connected properly Section 6 1MRS758755 A Supervision functio...

Page 519: ...l trip contacts and trip circuit supervision In case of parallel trip contacts the recommended way to do the wiring is that the TCS test current flows through all wires and joints 1MRS758755 A Section 6 Supervision functions REC615 and RER615 513 Technical Manual ...

Page 520: ...a sum of all TCS currents This must be taken into consideration when determining the resistance of Rext Setting the TCS function in a protection relay not in use does not typically affect the supervising current injection Trip circuit supervision with auxiliary relays Many retrofit projects are carried out partially that is the old electromechanical relays are replaced with new ones but the circui...

Page 521: ...ue to welded relay contacts a fault is detected Mathematically the operation condition can be expressed as U R R I V AC DC C ext int s c R 20 A070986 V2 EN Equation 65 Uc Operating voltage over the supervised trip circuit Ic Measuring current through the trip circuit appr 1 5 mA 0 99 1 72 mA Rext external shunt resistance Rint internal shunt resistance 1 kΩ Rs trip coil resistance If the external ...

Page 522: ... is required if the complete TCS circuit is used GUID 0560DE53 903C 4D81 BAFD 175B9251872D V3 EN Figure 268 Connection of a power output in a case when TCS is not used and the internal resistor is disconnected Incorrect connections and use of trip circuit supervision Although the TCS circuit consists of two separate contacts it must be noted that those are designed to be used as series connected t...

Page 523: ... the protection relay R2 is disconnected as shown in the figure while the lower contact is still connected When the protection relay R2 operates the coil current starts to flow through the internal resistor of the protection relay R3 and the resistor burns immediately As proven with the previous examples both trip contacts must operate together Attention should also be paid for correct usage of th...

Page 524: ...us Table 531 TCSSCBR Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm output 6 1 7 Settings Table 532 TCSSCBR Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Operate delay time 20 300000 ms 1 3000 Operate delay time Section 6 1MRS758755 A Supervision functions 518 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 525: ...hnical revision history Table 535 TCSSBR Technical revision history Technical revision Change B Internal improvement C Internal improvement 6 2 Fuse failure supervision SEQSPVC 6 2 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Fuse failure supervision SEQSPVC FUSEF 60 6 2 2 Function block GUID 1843AD62 0328 4BBF B8D6 EF2894585...

Page 526: ...ching during station operations 6 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of SEQSPVC can be described with a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections GUID 27E5A90A 6DCB 4545 A33A F37C02F27A28 V1 EN Figure 272 Functional module diagram Negative ...

Page 527: ...ltage delta function The magnitude of dU dt exceeds the corresponding value of the Voltage change rate setting and magnitude of dI dt is below the value of the Current change rate setting in any phase at the same time due to the closure of the circuit breaker CB_CLOSED TRUE The magnitude of dU dt exceeds the value of the Voltage change rate setting and the magnitude of dI dt is below the Current c...

Page 528: ...ut control Fuse failure detection criterion Conditions and function response Negative sequence criterion If a fuse failure is detected based on the negative sequence criterion the FUSEF_U output is activated If the fuse failure detection is active for more than five seconds and at the same time all the phase voltage values are below the set value of the Seal in voltage setting with Enable seal in ...

Page 529: ..._U output signal to block the voltage related functions when the line disconnector is in the open state It is recommended to always set Enable seal in to True This secures that the blocked protection functions remain blocked until normal voltage conditions are restored if the fuse failure has been active for 5 seconds that is the fuse failure outputs are deactivated when the normal voltage conditi...

Page 530: ...is detected by comparing the calculated value of the negative sequence component voltage to the negative sequence component current The sequence entities are calculated from the measured current and voltage data for all three phases The purpose of this function is to block voltage dependent functions when a fuse failure is detected Since the voltage dependence differs between these functions SEQSP...

Page 531: ...g seq undercurrent element Neg Seq voltage Lev 0 03 0 20 xUn 0 01 0 10 Operate level of neg seq overvoltage element Current change rate 0 01 0 50 xIn 0 01 0 15 Operate level of change in phase current Voltage change rate 0 25 0 90 xUn 0 01 0 40 Operate level of change in phase voltage Change rate enable 0 False 1 True 0 False Enabling operation of change based function Min Op voltage delta 0 01 1 ...

Page 532: ...nge rate 24 ms 1 Includes the delay of the signal output contact fn 50 Hz fault voltage with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 6 3 Runtime counter for machines and devices MDSOPT 6 3 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Runtime counter for...

Page 533: ... are explained in the next sections GUID 6BE6D1E3 F3FB 45D9 8D6F A44752C1477C V1 EN Figure 275 Functional module diagram Operation time counter This module counts the operation time When POS_ACTIVE is active the count is continuously added to the time duration until it is deactivated At any time the OPR_TIME output is the total duration for which POS_ACTIVE is active The unit of time duration coun...

Page 534: ... the motors depend on the use hours If some motor is used for long duration runs it might require frequent servicing while for a motor that is not used regularly the maintenance and service are scheduled less frequently The accumulated operating time of a motor together with the appropriate settings for warning can be utilized to trigger the condition based maintenance of the motor The operating t...

Page 535: ...it Step Default Description Initial value 0 299999 h 1 0 Initial value for operation time supervision Operating time hour 0 23 h 1 0 Time of day when alarm and warning will occur Operating time mode 1 Immediate 2 Timed Warn 3 Timed Warn Alm 1 Immediate Operating time mode for warning and alarm 6 3 8 Monitored data Table 547 MDSOPT Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description MDSOPT Enum ...

Page 536: ...2820EAC1A V1 EN Figure 276 Function block 6 4 3 Functionality The voltage presence function PHSVPR supervises the voltage presence status The function can be used for indicating voltage presence status of a load break switch or a circuit breaker 6 4 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operat...

Page 537: ...n setting V dead value and low voltage situation lasts longer than the time set by V dead time setting the voltage presence is interpreted as dead The corresponding phase specific output indicating dead situation is activated Phase status is also reported to the phase selection logic module Once the voltage is larger than setting V dead value the corresponding phase specific output is deactivated ...

Page 538: ...n the distribution network and power needs to be manually re routed GUID 9CD263BF 4825 4D73 89F3 86750F87564F V1 EN Figure 278 Detect live line to feed MV LV transformer PHSVPR can be used in addition to the other indications to detect if it is safe to start working on the line for example service work Never use PHSVPR as the only indication to check if the line is dead If the protection relay is ...

Page 539: ...voltage C or phase to phase voltage CA U_DEAD BOOLEAN Indicate low voltage presence U_A_AB_DEAD BOOLEAN Indicate low phase to earth voltage A or phase to phase voltage AB U_B_BC_DEAD BOOLEAN Indicate low phase to earth voltage B or phase to phase voltage BC U_C_CA_DEAD BOOLEAN Indicate low phase to earth voltage C or phase to phase voltage CA 6 4 7 Settings Table 552 PHSVPR Non group settings Basi...

Page 540: ... group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Relative hysteresis 1 0 5 0 0 1 4 0 Relative hysteresis for voltage supervision 6 4 8 Monitored data Table 554 PHSVPR Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description PHSVPR Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 6 4 9 Technical data Table 555 PHSVPR Technical data Characteristic Value Operation acc...

Page 541: ...ed input currents as a sum of Iyt values Alarms are generated when the calculated values exceed the threshold settings The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function outputs if desired 7 1 4 Operation principle The circuit breaker condition monitoring function includes different metering and monitoring sub functions The functions can be enabled and disabled wit...

Page 542: ...ion of the circuit breaker that is whether the breaker is in open closed or invalid position The operation of the breaker status monitoring can be described by using a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections Section 7 1MRS758755 A Condition monitoring functions 536 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 543: ...e that is both are in the same logical level or if the auxiliary input contact POSCLOSE is FALSE and the POSOPEN input is TRUE and any of the phase currents exceed the setting Acc stop current The status of the breaker is indicated by the binary outputs OPENPOS INVALIDPOS and CLOSEPOS for open invalid and closed position respectively 7 1 4 2 Circuit breaker operation monitoring The purpose of the ...

Page 544: ...l time module calculates the breaker contact travel time for the closing and opening operation The operation of the breaker contact travel time measurement can be described with a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections A071106 V4 EN Figure 282 Functional module diagram for breaker contact travel time Traveling time calculator The travel time can be calcula...

Page 545: ...ime Cor t1 t2 setting The closing time is calculated by adding the value set with the Closing time Cor t3 t4 setting to the measured closing time When the setting Travel time Clc mode is From Cmd to Pos the contact travel time of the breaker is calculated from the time between the circuit breaker opening or closing command and the auxiliary contacts state change The opening travel time is measured...

Page 546: ...vel time T_TRV_OP and the closing travel time T_TRV_CL are available in the monitored data view on the LHMI or through tools via communications Alarm limit check When the measured opening travel time is longer than the value set with the Open alarm time setting the TRV_T_OP_ALM output is activated Respectively when the measured closing travel time is longer than the value set with the Close alarm ...

Page 547: ...itial Val parameter and by setting the parameter Initial CB Rmn life in the clear menu from WHMI or LHMI Alarm limit check The OPR_ALM operation alarm is generated when the number of operations exceeds the value set with the Alarm Op number threshold setting However if the number of operations increases further and exceeds the limit value set with the Lockout Op number setting the OPR_LO output is...

Page 548: ...ing is positive the calculation of energy starts after the auxiliary contact has opened and when the delay is equal to the value set with the Difference Cor time setting When the setting is negative the calculation starts in advance by the correction time before the auxiliary contact opens The accumulated energy outputs IPOW_A _B _C are available in the monitored data view on the LHMI or through t...

Page 549: ...ator The circuit breaker life estimator module calculates the remaining life of the circuit breaker If the tripping current is less than the rated operating current set with the Rated Op current setting the remaining operation of the breaker reduces by one operation If the tripping current is more than the rated fault current set with the Rated fault current setting the possible operations are zer...

Page 550: ...ctions A071112 V3 EN Figure 289 Functional module diagram for circuit breaker spring charged indication and alarm Spring charge time measurement Two binary inputs SPR_CHR_ST and SPR_CHR indicate spring charging started and spring charged respectively The spring charging time is calculated from the difference of these two signal timings The spring charging time T_SPR_CHR is available in the monitor...

Page 551: ...K input 7 1 5 Application SSCBR includes different metering and monitoring subfunctions Circuit breaker status Circuit breaker status monitors the position of the circuit breaker that is whether the breaker is in an open closed or intermediate position Circuit breaker operation monitoring The purpose of the circuit breaker operation monitoring is to indicate that the circuit breaker has not been o...

Page 552: ...n oil circuit breaker The change of state can be detected from the binary input of the auxiliary contact There is a possibility to set an initial value for the counter which can be used to initialize this functionality after a period of operation or in case of refurbished primary equipment Accumulation of Iyt Accumulation of Iyt calculates the accumulated energy ΣIyt where the factor y is known as...

Page 553: ...sing opening operations allowed for the circuit breaker Ia the current at the time of tripping of the circuit breaker Calculation of Directional Coef The directional coefficient is calculated according to the formula 1MRS758755 A Section 7 Condition monitoring functions REC615 and RER615 547 Technical Manual ...

Page 554: ...GUID 5AA23DAD AAF0 4D03 844F 216C80F80789 V1 EN Equation 67 Spring charged indication For normal operation of the circuit breaker the circuit breaker spring should be charged within a specified time Therefore detecting long spring charging time indicates that it is time for the circuit breaker maintenance The last value of the spring charging time can be used as a service value Gas pressure superv...

Page 555: ...alse Reset input for the charging time of the CB spring Table 557 SSCBR Output signals Name Type Description TRV_T_OP_ALM BOOLEAN CB open travel time exceeded set value TRV_T_CL_ALM BOOLEAN CB close travel time exceeded set value SPR_CHR_ALM BOOLEAN Spring charging time has crossed the set value OPR_ALM BOOLEAN Number of CB operations exceeds alarm limit OPR_LO BOOLEAN Number of CB operations exce...

Page 556: ...oef 3 00 0 50 0 01 1 50 Directional coefficient for CB life calculation Initial CB Rmn life 0 99999 1 5000 Initial value for the CB remaining life Rated Op current 100 00 5000 00 A 0 01 1000 00 Rated operating current of the breaker Rated fault current 500 00 75000 00 A 0 01 5000 00 Rated fault current of the breaker Op number rated 1 99999 1 10000 Number of operations possible at rated current Op...

Page 557: ...tion T_TRV_CL FLOAT32 0 60000 ms Travel time of the CB during closing operation T_SPR_CHR FLOAT32 0 00 99 99 s The charging time of the CB spring NO_OPR INT32 0 99999 Number of CB operation cycle INA_DAYS INT32 0 9999 The number of days CB has been inactive CB_LIFE_A INT32 99999 99999 CB Remaining life phase A CB_LIFE_B INT32 99999 99999 CB Remaining life phase B CB_LIFE_C INT32 99999 99999 CB Rem...

Page 558: ...tputs and the corresponding Open Dif alarm time and Close Dif alarm time setting parameters D The Operation cycle setting parameter renamed to Initial CB Rmn life The IPOW_A _B _C range changed E Maximum value of initial circuit breaker remaining life time setting Initial CB Rmn life changed from 9999 to 99999 Added support for measuring circuit breaker travelling time from opening closing command...

Page 559: ...ng and metering the power system frequency The three phase power and energy measurement PEMMXU is used for monitoring and metering active power P reactive power Q apparent power S and power factor PF and for calculating the accumulated energy separately as forward active reversed active forward reactive and reversed reactive PEMMXU calculates these quantities using the fundamental frequency phasor...

Page 560: ...he first refresh is available The Linear calculation mode uses the periodic sliding average calculation of the measured signal over the demand time interval A new demand value is obtained once in a minute indicating the analog signal demand over the demand time interval proceeding the update time The actual rolling demand values are stored in the memory until the value is updated at the end of the...

Page 561: ...ow the value of the zero clamping limit new values are reported Table 563 Zero point clamping limits Function Zero clamping limit Three phase current measurement CMMXU 1 of nominal In Three phase voltage measurement VMMXU 1 of nominal Un Residual current measurement RESCMMXU 1 of nominal In Residual voltage measurement RESVMMXU 1 of nominal Un Phase sequence current measurement CSMSQI 1 of the nom...

Page 562: ...s setting in the three phase measurement functions CMMXU and VMMXU The limit supervision boolean alarm and warning outputs can be blocked Table 564 Settings for limit value supervision Function Settings for limit value supervision Three phase current measurement CMMXU High limit A high limit Low limit A low limit High high limit A high high limit Low low limit A low low limit Three phase voltage m...

Page 563: ...mit Zro A low limit High high limit Ps Seq A Hi high Lim Ng Seq A Hi high Lim Zro A Hi high Lim Low low limit Ps Seq A low low Lim Ng Seq A low low Lim Zro A low low Lim Phase sequence voltage measurement VSMSQI High limit Ps Seq V high limit Ng Seq V high limit Zro V high limit Low limit Ps Seq V low limit Ng Seq V low limit Zro V low limit High high limit Ps Seq V Hi high Lim Ng Seq V Hi high Li...

Page 564: ...Equation 68 Example for CMMXU A deadband 2500 2 5 of the total measuring range of 40 I_INST_A I_DB_A 0 30 If I_INST_A changes to 0 40 the reporting delay is t s s 40 0 2500 1000 0 40 0 30 100 10 GUID D1C387B1 4F2E 4A28 AFEA 431687DDF9FE V1 EN Table 565 Parameters for deadband calculation Function Settings Maximum minimum range Three phase current measurement CMMXU A deadband 40 0 40xIn Three phase...

Page 565: ...PF values exceeds the preset limit Power and energy calculation The three phase power is calculated from the phase to earth voltages and phase to earth currents The power measurement function is capable of calculating a complex power based on the fundamental frequency component phasors DFT S U I U I U I A A B B C C GUID 8BF2FBFE B33B 4B49 86AA C1B326BBBAC1 V1 EN Equation 69 Once the complex appare...

Page 566: ...rd reactive ER_FWD_ACM and reverse reactive ER_RV_ACM Depending on the value of the unit multiplier selected with Energy unit Mult the calculated power values are presented in units of kWh kVArh or in units of MWh MVArh When the energy counter reaches its defined maximum value the counter value is reset and restarted from zero Changing the value of the Energy unit Mult setting resets the accumulat...

Page 567: ... produce small measurement values The zero point clamping function can be used to ignore the noise in the input signal and hence prevent the noise to be shown in the user display The zero clamping is done for the measured analog signals and angle values The demand values are used to neglect sudden changes in the measured analog signals when monitoring long time values for the input signal The dema...

Page 568: ...p settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Num of phases 1 1 out of 3 2 2 out of 3 3 3 out of 3 1 1 out of 3 Number of phases required by limit supervision A high high limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 1 40 High alarm current limit A high limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 1 20 High warning current limit A low limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 0 00 Low warning c...

Page 569: ... FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Minimum demand for Phase A Min demand IL2 FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Minimum demand for Phase B Min demand IL3 FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Minimum demand for Phase C Time max demand IL1 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase A Time max demand IL2 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase B Time max demand IL3 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase C Time min demand IL1 Timestamp Time o...

Page 570: ...us value I_ANGL_B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg IL2 current angle I_DB_B FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn IL2 Amplitude magnitude of reported value I_DMD_B FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Demand value of IL2 current I_RANGE_B Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low IL2 Amplitude range I_INST_C FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn IL3 Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value I_ANGL_C FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg IL3 current an...

Page 571: ...tored data view Minimum demand value and time added to recorded data Logarithmic demand calculation mode added and demand interval setting moved under Measurement menu as general setting to all demand calculations D Internal improvement E Internal improvement 8 1 5 Three phase voltage measurement VMMXU 8 1 5 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification AN...

Page 572: ... Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Num of phases 1 1 out of 3 2 2 out of 3 3 3 out of 3 1 1 out of 3 Number of phases required by limit supervision V high high limit 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 1 40 High alarm voltage limit V high limit 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 1 20 High warning voltage limit V low limit 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 0 00 Low warning voltage limit V low low limit 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 0 00 Lo...

Page 573: ...NST_AB FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn U12 Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value U_ANGL_AB FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg U12 angle U_DB_AB FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn U12 Amplitude magnitude of reported value U_DMD_AB FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn Demand value of U12 voltage U_RANGE_AB Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low U12 Amplitude range U_INST_BC FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn U23 Amplitude magnitude of instanta...

Page 574: ...of UL1 voltage U_INST_B FLOAT32 0 00 5 00 xUn UL2 Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value U_ANGL_B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg UL2 angle U_DMD_B FLOAT32 0 00 5 00 xUn Demand value of UL2 voltage U_INST_C FLOAT32 0 00 5 00 xUn UL3 Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value U_ANGL_C FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg UL3 angle U_DMD_C FLOAT32 0 00 5 00 xUn Demand value of UL3 voltage 8 1 5 6 Technical data ...

Page 575: ... identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Residual current measurement RESCMMXU Io In 8 1 6 2 Function block A070778 V2 EN Figure 297 Function block 8 1 6 3 Signals Table 581 RESCMMXU Input signals Name Type Default Description Io SIGNAL 0 Residual current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for all binary outputs Table 582 RESCMMXU Output signals Name Type Description ...

Page 576: ...ored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description Io A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Measured residual current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True Block signal for all binary outputs HIGH_ALARM BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True High alarm HIGH_WARN BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True High warning I_INST_RES FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Residual current Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value I_ANGL_RES FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Residual ...

Page 577: ... 5 RMS No suppression 8 1 6 7 Technical revision history Table 587 RESCMMXU Technical revision history Technical revision Change B C Residual current angle and demand value added to Monitored data view Recorded data added for minimum and maximum values with timestamps D Monitored data Min demand Io maximum value range RESCMSTA2 MinAmps maxVal f is corrected to 40 00 E Internal improvement 8 1 7 Re...

Page 578: ...eter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On V Hi high limit res 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 0 20 High alarm voltage limit V high limit res 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 0 05 High warning voltage limit V deadband res 100 100000 1 10000 Deadband configuration value for integral calculation percentage of difference between min and max as 0 001 s Table 591 RESVMMXU Non group setti...

Page 579: ...ported value U_DMD_RES FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn Demand value of residual voltage U_RANGE_RES Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low Residual voltage Amplitude range 8 1 7 6 Technical data Table 593 RESVMMXU Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured voltage f fn 2 Hz 0 5 or 0 002 Un Suppression of harmonics DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2...

Page 580: ...er In the Nominal mode the frequency is set to 50 Hz or 60 Hz and in Zero mode the frequency is set to zero and shown in parentheses 8 1 8 4 Signals Table 595 FMMXU Input signals Name Type Default Description F SIGNAL Measured system frequency 8 1 8 5 Settings Table 596 FMMXU Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On F ...

Page 581: ...gh 4 low low Measured frequency range 8 1 8 7 Technical data Table 599 FMMXU Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy 10 mHz in measurement range 35 75 Hz 8 1 8 8 Technical revision history Table 600 FMMXU Technical revision history Technical revision Change B Added new setting Def frequency Sel Frequency measurement range lowered from 35 Hz to 10 Hz 8 1 9 Sequence current measuremen...

Page 582: ... 0 00 Low warning current limit for positive sequence current Ps Seq A low low Lim 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 0 00 Low alarm current limit for positive sequence current Ps Seq A deadband 100 100000 1 2500 Deadband configuration value for positive sequence current for integral calculation percentage of difference between min and max as 0 001 s Ng Seq A Hi high Lim 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 0 20 High alarm current lim...

Page 583: ... 9 5 Monitored data Table 603 CSMSQI Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description NgSeq A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Measured negative sequence current PsSeq A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Measured positive sequence current ZroSeq A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Measured zero sequence current I2_INST FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Negative sequence current amplitude instantaneous value I2_ANGL FLOAT32 180 00 180...

Page 584: ...racteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured current f fn 2 Hz 1 0 or 0 002 In at currents in the range of 0 01 4 00 In Suppression of harmonics DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 8 1 9 7 Technical revision history Table 605 CSMSQI Technical revision history Technical revision Change A B Sequence current angle values added to the Monitored data view C Internal i...

Page 585: ...s Seq V low low Lim 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 0 00 Low alarm voltage limit for positive sequence voltage Ps Seq V deadband 100 100000 1 10000 Deadband configuration value for positive sequence voltage for integral calculation percentage of difference between min and max as 0 001 s Ng Seq V Hi high Lim 0 00 4 00 xUn 1 0 20 High alarm voltage limit for negative sequence voltage Ng Seq V High limit 0 00 4 00 x...

Page 586: ...ive sequence voltage PsSeq kV FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn Measured positive sequence voltage ZroSeq kV FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn Measured zero sequence voltage U2_INST FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn Negative sequence voltage amplitude instantaneous value U2_ANGL FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Negative sequence voltage angle U2_DB FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xUn Negative sequence voltage amplitude reported value U2_RANGE Enum 0 nor...

Page 587: ...eristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the voltage measured fn 2 Hz At voltages in range 0 01 1 15 Un 1 0 or 0 002 Un Suppression of harmonics DFT 50 dB at f n fn where n 2 3 4 5 8 1 11 Three phase power and energy measurement PEMMXU 8 1 11 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Three phase power...

Page 588: ...erse Reactive power Dir 1 Forward 2 Reverse 1 Forward Direction of reactive power flow Forward Reverse Table 612 PEMMXU Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Forward Wh Initial 0 999999999 1 0 Preset Initial value for forward active energy Reverse Wh Initial 0 999999999 1 0 Preset Initial value for reverse active energy Forward VArh Initial 0 999999999 1 ...

Page 589: ...power magnitude of reported value P_DMD FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kW Demand value of active power Q_INST FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Reactive power magnitude of instantaneous value Q_DB FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Reactive power magnitude of reported value Q_DMD FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Demand value of reactive power PF_INST FLOAT32 1 00 1 00 Power factor magnitude of instantaneous...

Page 590: ... min dmd S Timestamp Time of minimum demand Time max dmd P Timestamp Time of maximum demand Time min dmd P Timestamp Time of minimum demand Time max dmd Q Timestamp Time of maximum demand Time min dmd Q Timestamp Time of minimum demand 8 1 11 6 Technical data Table 614 PEMMXU Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy At all three currents in range 0 10 1 20 In At all three voltages in...

Page 591: ...n block 8 1 12 3 Signals Table 616 SPEMMXU Input signals Name Type Default Description RSTACM BOOLEAN 0 False Reset of accumulated energy reading 8 1 12 4 Settings Table 617 SPEMMXU Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Power unit Mult 3 k 6 M 3 k Unit multiplier for presentation of the power related values Energy u...

Page 592: ...99999 9 9999 99 9 kW Total active power phase A PL2 kW 1 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kW Total active power phase B PL3 kW 1 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kW Total active power phase C QL1 kVAr 1 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Total reactive power phase A QL2 kVAr 1 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Total reactive power phase B QL3 kVAr 1 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Total reactive power phase C PFL1...

Page 593: ... QL3 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Maximum demand for phase C Min demand QL1 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Minimum demand for phase A Min demand QL2 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Minimum demand for phase B Min demand QL3 FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Minimum demand for phase B Time max dmd SL1 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase A Time max dmd SL2 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase ...

Page 594: ...de of instantaneous value phase B S_INST_C FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVA Apparent power magnitude of instantaneous value phase C S_DB_A FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVA Apparent power magnitude of reported value phase A S_DB_B FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVA Apparent power magnitude of reported value phase B S_DB_C FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVA Apparent power magnitude of reported value phase C S_D...

Page 595: ...99 9 kVAr Reactive power magnitude of instantaneous value phase B Q_INST_C FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Reactive power magnitude of instantaneous value phase C Q_DB_A FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Reactive power magnitude of reported value phase A Q_DB_B FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Reactive power magnitude of reported value phase B Q_DB_C FLOAT32 999999 9 9999 99 9 kVAr Reactive power mag...

Page 596: ...nergy value phase A EA_RV_ACM_B INT64 0 999999999 kWh Accumulated reverse active energy value phase B EA_RV_ACM_C INT64 0 999999999 kWh Accumulated reverse active energy value phase C ER_RV_ACM_A INT64 0 999999999 kVArh Accumulated reverse reactive energy value phase A ER_RV_ACM_B INT64 0 999999999 kVArh Accumulated reverse reactive energy value phase B ER_RV_ACM_C INT64 0 999999999 kVArh Accumula...

Page 597: ... Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Disturbance recorder RDRE DR DFR 8 2 2 Functionality The relay is provided with a disturbance recorder featuring up to 12 analog and 64 binary signal channels The analog channels can be set to record either the waveform or the trend of the currents and voltages measured The analog channels can be ...

Page 598: ...rameter LHMI or communication Periodic triggering Regardless of the triggering type each recording generates the Recording started and Recording made events The Recording made event indicates that the recording has been stored to the non volatile memory In addition every analog channel and binary channel of the disturbance recorder has its own Channel triggered parameter Manual trigger has the Man...

Page 599: ...th the Periodic trig time parameter If the value of the parameter is changed the new setting takes effect when the next periodic triggering occurs Setting the parameter to zero disables the triggering alternative and the setting becomes valid immediately If a new non zero setting needs to be valid immediately the user should first set the Periodic trig time parameter to zero and then to the new va...

Page 600: ...s 50 Hz Sampling frequency of binary channels when the rated frequency is 50 Hz Sampling frequency of analog channels when the rated frequency is 60 Hz Sampling frequency of binary channels when the rated frequency is 60 Hz 32 1 Record length 1600 Hz 400 Hz 1920 Hz 480 Hz 16 2 Record length 800 Hz 400 Hz 960 Hz 480 Hz 8 4 Record length 400 Hz 400 Hz 480 Hz 480 Hz 8 2 2 5 Uploading of recordings Th...

Page 601: ...tware which can access the protection relay s C COMTRADE folder The disturbance recording is not removed from the protection relay s memory until both of the corresponding COMTRADE files CFG and DAT are deleted The user may have to delete both of the files types separately depending on the software used Deleting all disturbance recordings at once is done either with PCM600 or any appropriate compu...

Page 602: ... the triggering that is the so called post trigger time is the difference between the recording length and the pre trigger time Changing the pre trigger time resets the history data and the current recording under collection 8 2 2 9 Operation modes Disturbance recorder has two operation modes saturation and overwrite mode The user can change the operation mode of the disturbance recorder with the ...

Page 603: ... the remaining exclusion time with the Exclusion time rem parameter only visible via communication IEC 61850 data ExclTmRmn of the corresponding analog or binary channel The Exclusion time rem parameter counts downwards 8 2 3 Configuration The disturbance recorder can be configured with PCM600 or any tool supporting the IEC 61850 standard The disturbance recorder can be enabled or disabled with th...

Page 604: ...control the indication LEDs of the protection relay The TRIGGERED output is TRUE due to the triggering of the disturbance recorder until all the data for the corresponding recording has been recorded The IP number of the protection relay and the content of the Bay name parameterareboth includedintheCOMTRADE configurationfile for identification purposes 8 2 4 Application The disturbance recorder is...

Page 605: ...ording preceding the triggering Operation mode 1 Saturation 2 Overwrite 1 1 Operation mode of the recorder Exclusion time 0 1 000 000 ms 1 0 The time during which triggerings of same type are ignored Storage rate 32 16 8 samples per fundamental cycle 32 Storage rate of the waveform recording Periodic trig time 0 604 800 s 10 0 Time between periodic triggerings Stor mode periodic 0 Waveform 1 Trend...

Page 606: ... 27 SU1B1 28 SU2B1 29 U12 30 U23 31 U31 32 UL1 33 UL2 34 UL3 35 U12B 36 U23B 37 U31B 38 UL1B 39 UL2B 40 UL3B 0 0 Disabled Select the signal to be recorded by this channel Applicable values for this parameter are product variant dependent Every product variant includes only the values that are applicable to that particular variant Channel id text 0 to 64 characters alphanumeric DR analog channel X ...

Page 607: ...s Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 5 off Binary channel is enabled or disabled Level trigger mode 1 Positive or Rising 2 Negative or Falling 3 Both 4 Level trigger off 1 1 Rising Level trigger mode for the binary channel Storage mode 0 Waveform 1 Trend cycle 1 0 Storage mode for the binary channel Channel id text 0 to 64 characters alphanumeric DR binary ...

Page 608: ...the next periodic triggering 8 2 7 Technical revision history Table 627 RDRE Technical revision history Technical revision Change B ChNum changed to EChNum RADR s RADR9 12 added Analog channels 9 12 RBDR33 64 added Binary channels 33 64 C New channels added to parameter Channel selection Selection names for Trig Recording and Clear Recordings updated D Symbols in the Channel selection setting are ...

Page 609: ...409C 8707 E721A1B0DE3E V1 EN Figure 305 Function block 9 1 3 Functionality CBXCBR and DCXSWI are intended for circuit breaker and disconnector control and status information purposes These functions execute commands and evaluate block conditions and different time supervision conditions The functions perform an execution command only if all conditions indicate that a switch operation is allowed If...

Page 610: ...pparatus occurs after the Event delay setting assuming that the circuit breaker is still in a corresponding state Table 628 Status indication Input Status Output POSOPEN POSCLOSE POSITION Monitored data OKPOS OPENPOS CLOSEPOS 1 True 0 False 1 Open 1 True 1 True 0 False 0 False 1 True 2 Closed 1 True 0 False 1 True 1 True 1 True 3 Faulty Bad 11 0 False 0 False 0 False 0 False 0 False 0 Intermediat ...

Page 611: ...mand is executed against the blocking or if the enabling of the corresponding command is not valid CBXCBR and DCXSWI generate an error message When close command is given from communication via LHMI or activating the AU_CLOSE input it is carried out the EXE_CL output only if CLOSE_ENAD is TRUE If the SECRSYN function is used in Command mode the CL_REQ output can be used in CBXCBR Initially the SYN...

Page 612: ...The EXE_OP output is activated when the open command is given AU_OPEN via communication or from LHMI and OPEN_ENAD signal is TRUE In addition the protection trip commands can be routed through the CBXCBR function by using the TRIP input When the TRIP input is TRUE the EXE_OP output is activated immediately and bypassing all enabling or blocking conditions The EXE_CL output is activated when the cl...

Page 613: ...he user configurable Pulse length setting The Pulse length setting is the same for both the opening and closing commands When the apparatus already is in the right position the maximum pulse length is given The Pulse length setting does not affect the length of the trip pulse Control methods The command execution mode can be set with the Control model setting The alternatives for command execution...

Page 614: ...operation The status only mode means that control is not possible non controllable via communication or from LHMI However it is possible to control a disconnector DCXSWI from AU_OPEN and AU_CLOSE inputs AU_OPEN and AU_CLOSE control the object directly regardless of the set Control model These inputs can be used when control is wanted to be implemented purely based on ACT logic and no additional ex...

Page 615: ...lled substations Control and status indication facilities are implemented in the same package with CBXCBR and DCXSWI When primary components are controlled in the energizing phase for example the correct execution sequence of the control commands must be ensured This can be achieved for example with interlocking based on the status indication of the related primary components The interlocking on s...

Page 616: ... Type Default Description POSOPEN BOOLEAN 0 False Apparatus open position POSCLOSE BOOLEAN 0 False Apparatus close position ENA_OPEN BOOLEAN 1 True Enables opening ENA_CLOSE BOOLEAN 1 True Enables closing BLK_OPEN BOOLEAN 0 False Blocks opening BLK_CLOSE BOOLEAN 0 False Blocks closing AU_OPEN BOOLEAN 0 False Executes the command for open direction1 2 AU_CLOSE BOOLEAN 0 False Executes the command f...

Page 617: ...t status 9 1 7 Settings Table 633 CBXCBR Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation mode on off Select timeout 10000 300000 ms 10000 30000 Select timeout in ms Pulse length 10 60000 ms 1 200 Open and close pulse length Control model 0 status only 1 direct with normal security 4 sbo with enhanced security 4 sbo with enhanced sec...

Page 618: ...I1 switch position Control Object identification Table 636 DCXSWI Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation counter 0 10000 1 0 Breaker operation cycles Adaptive pulse 0 False 1 True 1 True Stop in right position Event delay 0 60000 ms 1 10000 Event delay of the intermediate position Vendor 0 External equipment vendor Serial number 0 External equipm...

Page 619: ...story Technical revision Change B Maximum and default values changed to 60 s and 10 s respectively for Event delay settings Default value changed to 30 s for Operation timeout setting C Outputs OPENPOS and CLOSEPOS are forced to FALSE in case status is Faulty 11 9 2 Disconnector position indicator DCSXSWI and earthing switch indication ESSXSWI 9 2 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 id...

Page 620: ... an input are eliminated by filtering The binary input filtering time can be adjusted separately for each digital input used by the function block The validity of digital inputs that indicate the object state is used as additional information in indications and event logging Table 641 Status indication Input Status Output POSOPEN POSCLOSE POSITION Monitored data OKPOS OPENPOS CLOSEPOS 1 True 0 Fal...

Page 621: ... open position of apparatus from I O1 POSCLOSE BOOLEAN 0 False Signal for close position of apparatus from I O1 1 Not available for monitoring Table 644 DCSXSWI Output signals Name Type Description OPENPOS BOOLEAN Apparatus open position CLOSEPOS BOOLEAN Apparatus closed position OKPOS BOOLEAN Apparatus position is ok Table 645 ESSXSWI Output signals Name Type Description OPENPOS BOOLEAN Apparatus...

Page 622: ...oup settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Event delay 0 60000 ms 1 30000 Event delay of the intermediate position Vendor 0 External equipment vendor Serial number 0 External equipment serial number Model 0 External equipment model 9 2 8 Monitored data Table 650 DCSXSWI Monitored data Name Type Values Range Unit Description POSITION Dbpos 0 intermediate 1 open 2 clo...

Page 623: ...ase status is Faulty 11 9 3 Synchronism and energizing check SECRSYN 9 3 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Synchronism and energizing check SECRSYN SYNC 25 9 3 2 Function block GUID 9270E059 ED17 4355 90F0 3345E1743464 V2 EN Figure 314 Function block 9 3 3 Functionality The synchronism and energizing check function...

Page 624: ...e function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off SECRSYN has two parallel functionalities the synchro check and energizing check functionality The operation of SECRSYN can be described using a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections Energizing check Synchro check GUID FE07029C C6C1 4BA7 9F8E...

Page 625: ...gized and line energized or line de energized and bus energized When the energizing direction corresponds to the settings the situation has to be constant for a time set with the Energizing time setting before the circuit breaker closing is permitted The purpose of this time delay is to ensure that the dead side remains de energized and also that the situation is not caused by a temporary interfer...

Page 626: ...e of Difference voltage The measured difference of the phase angles is less than the set value of Difference angle The measured difference in frequency is less than the set value of Frequency difference The estimated breaker closing angle is decided to be less than the set value of Difference angle Dead line or bus value Live line or bus value Difference angle U_Bus U_Line Difference voltage fU_Bu...

Page 627: ...ed before the SYNC_OK output is activated The measured voltage frequency and phase angle difference values between the two sides of the circuit breaker are available as monitored data values U_DIFF_MEAS FR_DIFF_MEAS and PH_DIFF_MEAS Also the indications of the conditions that are not fulfilled and thus preventing the breaker closing permission are available as monitored data values U_DIFF_SYNC PH_...

Page 628: ...closing signal In the command control mode operation the Synchro check function itself closes the breaker via the SYNC_OK output when the conditions are fulfilled In this case the control function block delivers the command signal to close the Synchro check function for the releasing of a closing signal pulse to the circuit breaker If the closing conditions are fulfilled during a permitted check t...

Page 629: ...gth is 500 ms If the external command signal is removed too early that is before conditions are fulfilled and the closing pulse is given the alarm timer is reset Maximum Syn time GUID FA8ADA22 6A90 4637 AA1C 714B1D0DD2CF V2 EN Figure 320 Determination of the checking time for closing The control module receives information about the circuit breaker status and thus is able to adjust the command sig...

Page 630: ...ed as an indication of a failed closing attempt The closing pulse is not delivered if the closing conditions become valid after Maximum Syn time has elapsed The closing pulse is delivered only once for each activated external command signal and a new closing command sequence cannot be started until the external command signal is reset and reactivated The SYNC_INPRO output is active when the closin...

Page 631: ...s the U_BUS input is always the reference This means that when the Yd11 power transformer is used the low voltage side voltage phasor leads by 30 degrees or lags by 330 degrees the high voltage side phasor The rotation of the phasors is counterclockwise The generic rule is that a low voltage side phasor lags the high voltage side phasor by clock number 30º This is called angle difference adjustmen...

Page 632: ...rection is correct the protection relay energizes the line U_BUS U_LINE by closing the circuit breaker A The PLC of the power plant discovers that the line has been energized and sends a signal to the other synchrocheck function to close the circuit breaker B Since both sides of the circuit breaker B are live U_BUS Live bus value U_LINE Live bus value the synchrocheck function controlling the circ...

Page 633: ...to zero within the permitted accuracy tolerances The measured phase differences are indicated in the LHMI At the same time it is recommended to check the voltage difference and the frequency differences presented in the monitored data view These values should be within the permitted tolerances that is close to zero Figure 324 shows an example where the synchrocheck is used for the circuit breaker ...

Page 634: ... BOOLEAN CB closing request failed LLDB BOOLEAN Live Line Dead Bus LLLB BOOLEAN Live Line Live Bus DLLB BOOLEAN Dead Line Live Bus DLDB BOOLEAN Dead Line Dead Bus 9 3 7 Settings Table 657 SECRSYN Group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Live dead mode 1 Off 1 Both Dead 2 Live L Dead B 3 Dead L Live B 4 Dead Bus L Any 5 Dead L Bus Any 6 One Live Dead 7 Not Both Live...

Page 635: ...ulse duration Phase shift 180 180 deg 1 0 Correction of phase difference between measured U_BUS and U_LINE Minimum Syn time 0 60000 ms 10 0 Minimum time to accept synchronizing Maximum Syn time 100 6000000 ms 10 2000 Maximum time to accept synchronizing Energizing time 100 60000 ms 10 100 Time delay for energizing check Closing time of CB 40 250 ms 10 60 Closing time of the breaker Voltage source ...

Page 636: ...racteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the voltage measured fn 1 Hz Voltage 3 0 of the set value or 0 01 Un Frequency 10 mHz Phase angle 3 Reset time 50 ms Reset ratio Typically 0 96 Operate time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms 9 4 Autoreclosing DARREC 9 4 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identificatio...

Page 637: ...programmable autoreclosing shots which can perform one to five successive autoreclosings of desired type and duration for instance one high speed and one delayed autoreclosing When the reclosing is initiated with starting of the protection function the autoreclosing function can execute the final trip of the circuit breaker in a short operate time provided that the fault still persists when the la...

Page 638: ...ip The UNSUC_RECL output is activated after a pre defined two minutes alarming earth fault 9 4 3 2 Zone coordination Zone coordination is used in the zone sequence between local protection units and downstream devices At the falling edge of the INC_SHOTP line the value of the shot pointer is increased by one unless a shot is in progress or the shot pointer already has the maximum value The falling...

Page 639: ... AR unit skips all these actions 9 4 3 4 Thermal overload blocking An alarm or start signal from the thermal overload protection T1PTTR can be routed to the input BLK_THERM to block and hold the reclose sequence The BLK_THERM signal does not affect the starting of the sequence When the reclose time has elapsed and the BLK_THERM input is active the shot is not ready until the BLK_THERM input deacti...

Page 640: ...ule diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections A070864 V3 EN Figure 327 Functional module diagram 9 4 4 1 Signal collection and delay logic When the protection trips the initiation of autoreclosing shots is in most applications executed with the INIT_1 6 inputs The DEL_INIT2 4 inputs are not used In some countries starting the protection stage is also used for the sh...

Page 641: ...capability Each channel that is capable of delaying a start signal has four time delays The time delay is selected based on the shot pointer in the AR function For the first reclose attempt the first time delay is selected for the second attempt the second time delay and so on For the fourth and fifth attempts the time delays are the same Time delay settings for the DEL_INIT_2 signal Str 2 delay s...

Page 642: ...toreclosing shot is initiated with the start signal of a protection stage After a start delay the AR function opens the circuit breaker and an autoreclosing shot is initiated When the shot is initiated with the trip signal of the protection the protection function trips the circuit breaker and simultaneously initiates the autoreclosing shot If the circuit breaker is manually closed against the fau...

Page 643: ...ay time elapses Normally all trip and start signals are used to initiate an autoreclosing shot and trip the circuit breaker ACTIVE output indicates reclosing sequence in progress If any of the input signals INIT_X or DEL_INIT_X are used for blocking the corresponding bit in the Tripping line setting must be FALSE This is to ensure that the circuit breaker does not trip from that signal that is the...

Page 644: ...x and the reclose time of the shot The settings related to CBB configuration are First Seventh reclose time Init signals CBB1 CBB7 Blk signals CBB1 CBB7 Shot number CBB1 CBB7 The reclose time defines the open and dead times that is the time between the OPEN_CB and the CLOSE_CB commands The Init signals CBBx setting defines the initiation signals The Blk signals CBBx setting defines the blocking si...

Page 645: ...the initiation is made from both the INIT_3 and INIT_4 lines a third shot is allowed that is CBB3 is allowed to start This is called conditional lockout If the initiation is made from the INIT_2 and INIT_3 lines an immediate lockout occurs The INIT_5 line is used for blocking purposes If the INIT_5 line is active during a sequence start the reclose attempt is blocked and the AR function goes to lo...

Page 646: ...vent the reclosing If the autoreclose sequence is continued to the second shot a successful synchronous reclosing is more likely than with the first shot since the second shot lasts longer than the first one A070870 V1 EN Figure 333 Logic diagram of auto initiation sequence detection Automatic initiation can be selected with the Auto initiation Cnd setting to be the following Section 9 1MRS758755 ...

Page 647: ...shot In the first shot the synchronization condition is not fulfilled SYNC is FALSE When the auto wait timer elapses the sequence continues to the second shot During the second reclosing the synchronization condition is fulfilled and the close command is given to the circuit breaker after the second reclose time has elapsed After the second shot the circuit breaker fails to close when the wait clo...

Page 648: ...efore a new sequence initiation during the pre lockout state is not possible The AR function goes to the pre lockout state in the following cases During SOTF When the AR function is active it stays in a pre lockout state for the time defined by the reclaim time When all five shots have been executed When the frequent operation counter limit is reached A new sequence initiation forces the AR functi...

Page 649: ... is a bit mask The lowest bit in the Synchronisation set setting is related to CBB1 and the highest bit to CBB7 For example if the setting is set to 1 only CBB1 requires synchronism If the setting is it set to 7 CBB1 CBB2 and CBB3 require the SYNC input to be TRUE before the reclosing command can be given A070873 V1 EN Figure 336 Initiation during discrimination time AR function goes to lockout Th...

Page 650: ...ing is not in use the lockout can be released only with the RecRs parameter The AR function can go to lockout for many reasons The INHIBIT_RECL input is active All shots have been executed and a new initiation is made final trip The time set with the Auto wait time parameter expires and the automatic sequence initiation is not allowed because of a synchronization failure The time set with the Wait...

Page 651: ...the same or higher than the value defined with the Protection crd limit setting and all initialization signals have been reset The PROT_CRD output is reset under the following conditions If the cut out time elapses If the reclaim time elapses and the AR function is ready for a new sequence If the AR function is in lockout or disabled that is if the value of the Protection crd mode setting is AR in...

Page 652: ... with the Close pulse time setting the CLOSE_CB output is active for the time set with the Close pulse time setting The CLOSE_CB output is deactivated also when the circuit breaker is detected to be closed that is when the CB_POS input changes from open state to closed state The Wait close time setting defines the time after the CLOSE_CB command activation during which the circuit breaker should b...

Page 653: ...t period of time For instance if a tree causes a short circuit and as a result there are autoreclosing shots within a few minutes interval during a stormy night These types of faults can easily damage the circuit breaker if the AR function is not locked by a frequent operation counter The frequent operation counter has three settings Frq Op counter limit Frq Op counter time Frq Op recovery time Th...

Page 654: ... occurs A fast isolation also limits the disturbances caused for the healthy parts of the power system The faults can be transient semi transient or permanent For example a permanent fault in power cables means that there is a physical damage in the fault location that must first be located and repaired before the network voltage can be restored In overhead lines the insulating material between ph...

Page 655: ...estore the power system SOTF If the protection detects a fault immediately after an open circuit breaker has been closed it indicates that the fault was already there It can be for example a forgotten earthing after maintenance work Such closing of the circuit breaker is known as switch on to fault Autoreclosing in such conditions is prohibited final trip Occurs in case of a permanent fault when t...

Page 656: ...he matrix The Shot number CBB1 CBB7 setting defines which shot is related to the CBB columns in the matrix For example CBB1 settings are First reclose time 1 0s Init signals CBB1 7 three lowest bits 111000 7 Blk signals CBB1 16 the fifth bit 000010 16 Shot number CBB1 1 CBB2 settings are Second reclose time 10s Init signals CBB2 6 the second and third bits 011000 6 Blk signals CBB2 16 the fifth bi...

Page 657: ...nter is 2 CBB2 is started instead of CBB5 Even if the initiation signals are not received from the protection functions the AR function can be set to continue from the second to the fifth reclose shot The AR function can for example be requested to automatically continue with the sequence when the circuit breaker fails to close when requested In such a case the AR function issues a CLOSE_CB comman...

Page 658: ...ried out when the auto wait time elapses and the reclosing is prevented due to a failure during the synchronism check When the circuit breaker does not close the automatic initiation is carried out if the circuit breaker does not close within the wait close time after issuing the reclose command Both the automatic initiation is allowed when synchronization fails or the circuit breaker does not clo...

Page 659: ...ed the sequence is concluded successful 9 4 6 2 Sequence The auto reclose sequence is implemented by using CBBs The highest possible amount of CBBs is seven If the user wants to have for example a sequence of three shots only the first three CBBs are needed Using building blocks instead of fixed shots gives enhanced flexibility allowing multiple and adaptive sequences Each CBB is identical The Sho...

Page 660: ...r position information from binary input Conditions to verify if circuit breaker is ready to be reclosed CB_ CLOSE FPHLPTOC I_A I_B START OPERATE I_C BLOCK ENA_ MULT PHHPTOC I_A I_B START OPERATE I_C BLOCK ENA_ MULT FEFLPTOC Io BLOCK START OPERATE ENA_ MULT DARREC OPEN_CB CLOSE _CB CMD_WAIT INPRO LOCKED PROT_CRD UNSUC _ RECL DEL_INIT_4 DEL_INIT_3 DEL_INIT_2 INIT_6 INIT_5 INIT_4 INIT_3 INIT_2 INIT_...

Page 661: ...ose time tProtection Operating time for the protection stage to clear the fault tCB_O Operating time for opening the circuit breaker tCB_C Operating time for closing the circuit breaker In this case the sequence needs two CBBs The reclosing times for shot 1 and shot 2 are different but each protection function initiates the same sequence The CBB sequence is described in Table 664 as follows Shot 1...

Page 662: ...mented with CBB2 and meant to be the first shot of the autoreclose sequence initiated by the low stage of the overcurrent protection I and the low stage of the non directional earth fault protection Io It has the same reclosing time in both situations It is set as a high speed autoreclosing for corresponding faults The third shot which is the second shot in the autoreclose sequence initiated by I ...

Page 663: ...ree shots with three initiation lines If the sequence is initiated from the INIT_1 line that is the overcurrent protection high stage the sequence is one shot long If the sequence is initiated from the INIT_2 or INIT_3 lines the sequence is two shots long Table 665 Settings for configuration example 2 Setting name Setting value Shot number CBB1 1 Init signals CBB1 1 line 1 First reclose time 0 0s ...

Page 664: ...e OPEN_CB output A070276 V1 EN Figure 347 Simplified logic diagram of initiation lines Each delayed initiation line has four different time settings Table 666 Settings for delayed initiation lines Setting name Description and purpose Str x delay shot 1 Time delay for the DEL_INIT_x line where x is the number of the line 2 3 or 4 Used for shot 1 Str x delay shot 2 Time delay for the DEL_INIT_x line...

Page 665: ...ts again 4 Because the delay of the second shot is 60 seconds the protection is faster and trips after the set operation time activating the INIT 2 input The second shot is initiated 5 After the second shot the circuit breaker is reclosed and the protection starts again 6 Because the delay of the second shot is 60 seconds the protection is faster and trips after the set operation time No further s...

Page 666: ...cking signal 1 INIT_2 BOOLEAN 0 False AR initialization blocking signal 2 INIT_3 BOOLEAN 0 False AR initialization blocking signal 3 INIT_4 BOOLEAN 0 False AR initialization blocking signal 4 INIT_5 BOOLEAN 0 False AR initialization blocking signal 5 INIT_6 BOOLEAN 0 False AR initialization blocking signal 6 DEL_INIT_2 BOOLEAN 0 False Delayed AR initialization blocking signal 2 DEL_INIT_3 BOOLEAN ...

Page 667: ... Ctl 3 On 1 Off Reclosing operation Off External Ctl On Close pulse time 10 10000 ms 10 200 CB close pulse time Reclaim time 100 1800000 ms 100 10000 Reclaim time Terminal priority 1 None 2 Low follower 3 High master 1 None Terminal priority Synchronisation set 0 127 1 0 Selection for synchronizing requirement for reclosing Auto initiation cnd 1 Not allowed 2 When sync fails 3 CB doesn t close 4 B...

Page 668: ... operation counter recovery time Auto init 0 63 1 0 Defines INIT lines that are activated at auto initiation Table 670 DARREC Non group settings Advanced Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Manual close mode 0 False 1 True 0 False Manual close mode Wait close time 50 10000 ms 50 250 Allowed CB closing time after reclose command Max wait time 100 1800000 ms 100 10000 Maximum wait t...

Page 669: ...0 ms 10 0 Delay time for start2 2nd reclose Str 2 delay shot 3 0 300000 ms 10 0 Delay time for start2 3rd reclose Str 2 delay shot 4 0 300000 ms 10 0 Delay time for start2 4th reclose Str 3 delay shot 1 0 300000 ms 10 0 Delay time for start3 1st reclose Str 3 delay shot 2 0 300000 ms 10 0 Delay time for start3 2nd reclose Str 3 delay shot 3 0 300000 ms 10 0 Delay time for start3 3rd reclose Str 3 ...

Page 670: ...True Signal indicating that discrimination time is in progress CUTOUT_INPRO BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True Signal indicating that cut out time is in progress SUC_RECL BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True Indicates a successful reclosing sequence UNSUC_CB BOOLEAN 0 False 1 True Indicates an unsuccessful CB closing CNT_SHOT1 INT32 0 2147483647 Resetable operation counter shot 1 CNT_SHOT2 INT32 0 2147483647 Resetable oper...

Page 671: ...l revision history Technical revision Change B The PROT_DISA output removed and removed the related settings C The default value of the CB closed Pos status setting changed from True to False D SHOT_PTR output range 0 7 earlier 0 6 E Monitored data ACTIVE transferred to be ACT visible output SHOT_PTR output range 1 7 F Internal improvement 9 5 Automatic transfer switch ATSABTC 9 5 1 Identification...

Page 672: ...he voltage on the preferred bus has reached a normal level The preferred main bus can be selected from the settings The automatic operation can be selected on off from a virtual button on the SLD Automatic operation ongoing is signalled outside to output INPRO If the automatic operations are blocked an alarm is activated on the LED panel 9 5 4 Operation principle The Operation setting is used to e...

Page 673: ...d with UN_U_BUS1 and UN_U_BUS2 Input BLOCK also indicates common bus fault but furthermore blocks the automatic operation in the control logic modules GUID 7C91B8EF 277B 4074 B3A2 C646584CF5C8 V1 EN Figure 350 Sub module diagram for Bus fault check Control logic Depending on the Main bus priority setting the control logic reads the states of the circuit breakers and performs automatic transfers de...

Page 674: ...on is closed and bus 2 is healthy OPEN_CB1 is activated after Open CB1 delay has expired Automatic reconnection CLOSE_CB1 Setting Main bus priority bus 1 If both CB1 and CB2 are open and bus 1 is healthy CLOSE_CB1 is activated after Close CB1 delay has expired Operation is independent of the state on bus 2 Automatic reconnection Setting Main bus priority bus 2 If both CB1 and CB2 are open bus 2 is...

Page 675: ...on is closed and bus 1 is healthy OPEN_CB2 is activated after Open CB2 delay has expired Automatic reconnection CLOSE_CB2 Setting Main bus priority bus 2 If both CB1 and CB2 are open and bus 2 is healthy CLOSE_CB2 is activated after Close CB2 delay has expired Operation is independent of the state on bus 1 Automatic reconnection Setting Main bus priority bus 1 If both CB1 and CB2 are open bus 1 is...

Page 676: ...age detected on bus 2 CB2 is closed and under voltage detected on bus 1 Undervoltage detected on both bus 1 and bus 2 GUID A9BA0F4D 6C46 4C5B 944A 63759094316A V1 EN Figure 353 Sub module diagram for auto blocking alarm logic 9 5 5 Application GUID 41CBF4F0 9D49 4605 AB4E 8D9188C34F6B V1 EN Figure 354 Application configuration example A recommended application configuration example is described in...

Page 677: ...ded inputs are FALSE during the sequence 9 5 6 Signals Table 676 ATSABTC Input signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Blocking of function UN_U_BUS1 BOOLEAN 0 False Under voltage on bus 1 UN_U_BUS2 BOOLEAN 0 False Under voltage on bus 2 CB1_POSOPEN BOOLEAN 0 False Circuit breaker open status for bus 1 CB1_POSCLOSE BOOLEAN 0 False Circuit breaker close status for bus 1 CB2_POSO...

Page 678: ...ion 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Main bus priority 1 Bus 1 2 Bus 2 1 Bus 1 Main bus priority 1 or 2 Operate delay CB tr 0 120000 ms 10 200 Circuit breaker trip delay Transfer dead time 0 120000 ms 10 100 Transfer dead time for closing of circuit breaker Reconnection delay 0 300000 ms 10 60000 Delay for opening of non prioritized CB 9 5 8 Monitored data Table 679 ATSABTC Monitored data Name Typ...

Page 679: ...tortion function CMHAI is used for monitoring the current total demand distortion TDD 10 1 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of CMHAI can be described with a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections BLOCK ALARM Distortion measure ment I_A I...

Page 680: ... 10 1 5 Application In standards the power quality is defined through the characteristics of the supply voltage Transients short duration and long duration voltage variations unbalance and waveform distortions are the key characteristics describing power quality Power quality is however a customer driven issue It could be said that any power problem concerning voltage or current that results in a ...

Page 681: ... Type Default Description I_A Signal 0 Phase A current I_B Signal 0 Phase B current I_C Signal 0 Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for all binary outputs Table 682 CMHAI Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm signal for TDD 10 1 7 Settings Table 683 CMHAI Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Opera...

Page 682: ...DD for phase A DMD_TDD_A FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 Demand value for TDD for phase A 3SMHTDD_B FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 3 second mean value of TDD for phase B DMD_TDD_B FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 Demand value for TDD for phase B 3SMHTDD_C FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 3 second mean value of TDD for phase C DMD_TDD_C FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 Demand value for TDD for phase C 10 2 Voltage total harmonic distortion VMHAI 10 2 1 Identi...

Page 683: ...rmonic The total harmonic distortion THD for voltage is calculated from the measured harmonic components with the formula THD U U k k N 2 2 1 GUID 83A22E8C 5F4D 4332 A832 4E48B35550EF V1 EN Equation 76 Uk kth harmonic component U1 the voltage fundamental component amplitude Demand calculation The demand value for THD is calculated separately for each phase If any of the calculated demand THD value...

Page 684: ... BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for all binary outputs Table 687 VMHAI Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm signal for THD 10 2 7 Settings Table 688 VMHAI Non group settings Basic Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation Off On Demand interval 0 1 minute 1 5 minutes 2 10 minutes 3 15 minutes 4 30 minutes 5 60 minutes 6 180 min...

Page 685: ...se A DMD_THD_A FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 Demand value for THD for phase A 3SMHTHD_B FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 3 second mean value of THD for phase B DMD_THD_B FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 Demand value for THD for phase B 3SMHTHD_C FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 3 second mean value of THD for phase C DMD_THD_C FLOAT32 0 00 500 00 Demand value for THD for phase C 10 2 9 Technical revision history Table 690 VMHAI Technical revision...

Page 686: ...the duration of the variation can be obtained by measuring the RMS value of the voltage for each phase International standard 61000 4 30 defines the voltage variation to be implemented using the RMS value of the voltage IEEE standard 1159 1995 provides recommendations for monitoring the electric power quality of the single phase and polyphase ac power systems PHQVVR contains a blocking functionali...

Page 687: ... exceeded The START output is deactivated when there are no more active phases However when Phase mode is Three Phase all the monitored phase signal magnitudes defined with Phase supervision have to fall below or rise above the limit setting to activate the START output and the corresponding phase output that is all the monitored phases have to be activated Accordingly the deactivation occurs when...

Page 688: ...ove the Voltage Int set setting If the voltage drops below the Voltage Int set setting the output INTST is activated INTST is deactivated when the voltage value rises above the setting Voltage Int set When the same measured TRMS magnitude rises above the setting Voltage swell set 3 the SWELLST output is activated There are three setting value limits for dip Voltage dip set 1 3 and swell activation...

Page 689: ...rds if an unconnected phase is monitored the function falsely detects a voltage interruption in that phase The maximum magnitude and depth are defined as percentage values calculated from the difference between the reference and the measured voltage For example a dip to 70 percent means that the minimum voltage dip magnitude variation is 70 percent of the reference voltage amplitude The activation...

Page 690: ...r than VVa Dur Max MAXDURDIPCNT is increased by one but no event detection resulting in the activation of the OPERATE output and recording data update takes place These counters are available through the monitored data view on the LHMI or through tools via communications There are no phase segregated counters but all the variation detections are registered to a common time magnitude classified cou...

Page 691: ...done if both the magnitude and duration requirements are not fulfilled For example the dip event does not indicate if the TRMS voltage magnitude remains between Voltage dip set 3 and Voltage dip set 2 for a period shorter than VVa dip time 3 before rising back above Voltage dip set 3 The event indication ends and possible detection is done when the TRMS voltage returns above for dip and interrupti...

Page 692: ...h a short instantaneous dip period has been included In text the terms deeper and higher are used for referring to dip or interruption Although examples are given for dip events the same rules can be applied to the swell and interruption functionality too For swell indication deeper means that the signal rises even more and higher means that the signal magnitude becomes lower respectively The adju...

Page 693: ... value Single Phase 10 3 4 5 Three single phase selection variation examples The provided rules always apply for single phase Phase Mode is Single Phase power systems However for three phase power systems where Phase Mode is Three Phase it is required that all the phases have to be activated before the activation of the START output Interruption event indication requires all three phases to unders...

Page 694: ... indication For the Phase Mode value Three Phase the activation occurs only when all the phases are active Furthermore both swell and dip variation event detections take place simultaneously In case of a concurrent voltage dip and voltage swell both SWELLCNT and DIPCNT are incremented by one Also Figure 368 shows that for the Phase Mode value Three Phase two different time moment variation event s...

Page 695: ...se swell 10 3 5 Recorded data Besides counter increments the information required for a later fault analysis is stored after a valid voltage variation is detected Recorded data information When voltage variation starts the phase current magnitudes preceding the activation moment are stored Also the initial voltage magnitudes are temporarily stored at the variation starting moment If the variation ...

Page 696: ...1 2 and 2 3 when a valid voltage variation is detected When all three banks have data and a new variation is detected the newest data are placed into bank 1 and the data in bank 3 are overwritten by the data from bank 2 Figure 369 shows a valid recorded voltage interruption and two dips for the Phase mode value Single Phase The first dip event duration is based on the U_A duration while the second...

Page 697: ...n Ph B Variation Dur Ph B Variation Ph B start time stamp phase B variation start time moment Var Dur Ph B time Variation duration Ph C Variation Dur Ph C Variation Ph C start time stamp phase C variation start time moment Var Dur Ph C time Current magnitude Ph A preceding variation Var current Ph A Current magnitude Ph B preceding variation Var current Ph B Current magnitude Ph C preceding variat...

Page 698: ...ion measurement Voltage dips disturb the sensitive equipment such as computers connected to the power system and may result in the failure of the equipment Voltage dips are typically caused by faults occurring in the power distribution system Typical reasons for the faults are lightning strikes and tree contacts In addition to fault situations the switching of heavy loads and starting of large mot...

Page 699: ...whether the measurement should be done to phase or phase to phase voltages However in some cases it is preferable to use phase to earth voltages for measurement The measurement mode is always TRMS 10 3 7 Signals Table 693 PHQVVR Input signals Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current magnitude I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current magnitude I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current magnitude U_A SIGNAL...

Page 700: ... 0 0 1 120 0 Swell limit 3 in of reference voltage VVa swell time 3 2000 60000 ms 10 2000 Voltage variation swell duration 3 Voltage Int set 0 0 100 0 0 1 10 0 Interruption limit in of reference voltage VVa Int time 1 0 5 30 0 cycles 0 1 3 0 Voltage variation Int duration 1 VVa Int time 2 10 0 180 0 cycles 0 1 30 0 Voltage variation Int duration 2 VVa Int time 3 2000 60000 ms 10 3000 Voltage varia...

Page 701: ...s dip operation counter MOMDIPCNT INT32 0 2147483647 Momentary dip operation counter TEMPDIPCNT INT32 0 2147483647 Temporary dip operation counter MAXDURDIPCNT INT32 0 2147483647 Maximum duration dip operation counter MOMINTCNT INT32 0 2147483647 Momentary interruption operation counter TEMPINTCNT INT32 0 2147483647 Temporary interruption operation counter SUSTINTCNT INT32 0 2147483647 Sustained i...

Page 702: ...h C FLOAT32 0 000 3600 000 s Variation duration Phase C Var Dur Ph C time Timestamp Variation Ph C start time stamp Var current Ph A FLOAT32 0 00 60 00 xIn Current magnitude Phase A preceding variation Var current Ph B FLOAT32 0 00 60 00 xIn Current magnitude Phase B preceding variation Var current Ph C FLOAT32 0 00 60 00 xIn Current magnitude Phase C preceding variation Time Timestamp Time Variat...

Page 703: ...se B preceding variation Var current Ph C FLOAT32 0 00 60 00 xIn Current magnitude Phase C preceding variation Time Timestamp Time Variation type Enum 0 No variation 1 Swell 2 Dip 3 Swell dip 4 Interruption 5 Swell Int 6 Dip Int 7 Swell dip Int Variation type Variation Ph A FLOAT32 0 00 5 00 xUn Variation magnitude Phase A Var Ph A rec time Timestamp Variation magnitude Phase A time stamp Variatio...

Page 704: ...on Var current Ph C FLOAT32 0 00 60 00 xIn Current magnitude Phase C preceding variation 10 3 10 Technical data Table 699 PHQVVR Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy 1 5 of the set value or 0 2 of reference voltage Reset ratio Typically 0 96 Swell 1 04 Dip Interruption 10 4 Voltage unbalance VSQVUB 10 4 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 iden...

Page 705: ... provides statistics which can be used to verify the compliance of the power quality with the European standard EN 50160 2000 The statistics over selected period include a freely selectable percentile for unbalance VSQVUB also includes an alarm functionality providing a maximum unbalance value and the date and time of occurrence The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to bloc...

Page 706: ...zero sequence voltage magnitude to the positive sequence magnitude When the Ph vectors Comp mode is selected the ratio of the maximum phase voltage magnitude deviation from the mean voltage magnitude to the mean of the phase voltage magnitude is used for voltage unbalance calculation The calculated three second value and ten minute value are available in the Monitored data view through the outputs...

Page 707: ...aving time A preferable way of continuous statistics recordings can be selected over a longer period months years With the Trigger mode setting the way the next possible observation time is activated after the former one has finished can be selected Table 700 Trigger mode observation times Trigger mode Observation time Single Only one period of observation time is activated Periodic The time gap b...

Page 708: ...istics recorder module If the trigger mode is selected Periodic or Continuous and the blocking is deactivated before the next observation period is due to start the scheduled period starts normally Statistics recorder The Statistics recorder module provides readily calculated three second or ten minute values of the selected phase to the percentile calculator module based on the length of the acti...

Page 709: ...put PCT_UNB_VAL Recorded data The information required for a later fault analysis is stored when the Recorded data module is triggered This happens when a voltage unbalance is detected by the Voltage unbalance detector module Three sets of recorded data are available in total The sets are saved in data banks 1 3 The data bank 1 holds the most recent recorded data Older data are moved to the subseq...

Page 710: ...the network and load unbalance that may cause sustained voltage unbalance A single phase or phase to phase fault in the network or load side can create voltage unbalance but as faults are usually isolated in a short period of time the voltage unbalance is not a sustained one Therefore the voltage unbalance may not be covered by VSQVUB Another major application is the long term power quality monito...

Page 711: ...peration 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation On Off Unb detection method 1 Neg Seq 2 Zero Seq 3 Neg to Pos Seq 4 Zero to Pos Seq 5 Ph vectors Comp 3 Neg to Pos Seq Set the operation mode for voltage unbalance calculation Unbalance start Val 1 100 1 1 Voltage unbalance start value Trigger mode 1 Single 2 Periodic 3 Continuous 3 Continuous Specifies the observation period triggering mode Percentile unbalance ...

Page 712: ...LOAT32 0 00 150 00 Limit below which percentile unbalance of the values lie MAX_UNB_VAL FLOAT32 0 00 150 00 Maximum voltage unbalance measured in the observation period MAX_UNB_TIME Timestamp Time stamp at which maximum voltage unbalance measured in the observation period PR_STR_TIME Timestamp Time stamp of starting of the previous observation period PR_END_TIME Timestamp Time stamp of end of prev...

Page 713: ...balance Max unbalance Volt FLOAT32 0 00 150 00 Maximum 3 seconds unbalance voltage Time Max Unb Volt Timestamp Time stamp of maximum voltage unbalance VSQVUB Enum 1 on 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 off Status 10 4 9 Technical data Table 706 VSQVUB Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 Un Reset ratio Typically 0 96 1MRS758755 A Section 10 Power qua...

Page 714: ...708 ...

Page 715: ...ined solely with the Reset delay time setting The purpose of the delayed reset is to enable fast clearance of intermittent faults for example self sealing insulation faults and severe faults which may produce high asymmetrical fault currents that partially saturate the current transformers It is typical for an intermittent fault that the fault current contains so called drop off periods during whi...

Page 716: ...e Reset delay time setting and in case 2 the counter is reset immediately because the Reset delay time setting is set to zero A070421 V1 EN Figure 376 Drop off period is longer than the set Reset delay time Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 710 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 717: ...d A070420 V1 EN Figure 377 Drop off period is shorter than the set Reset delay time When the drop off period is shorter than the set Reset delay time as described in Figure 377 the input signal for the definite timer here timer input is active provided that the current is above the set Start value The input signal is inactive when the current is below the set Start value and the set hysteresis reg...

Page 718: ... as described in Figure 376 regardless of the BLOCK input The selected blocking mode is Freeze timer 11 2 Current based inverse definite minimum time characteristics 11 2 1 IDMT curves for overcurrent protection In inverse time modes the operation time depends on the momentary value of the current the higher the current the faster the operation time The operation time calculation or integration st...

Page 719: ...Minimum operate time setting defines the minimum operating time for the IDMT curve that is the operation time is always at least the Minimum operate time setting Alternatively the IDMT Sat point is used for giving the leveling out point as a multiple of the Start value setting Global setting Configuration System IDMT Sat point The default parameter value is 50 This setting affects only the overcur...

Page 720: ...tion time curve based on the IDMT characteristic leveled out with the Minimum operate time setting is set to 1000 milliseconds the IDMT Sat point setting is set to maximum Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 714 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 721: ...e 380 Operation time curve based on the IDMT characteristic leveled out with IDMT Sat point setting value 11 the Minimum operate time setting is set to minimum 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 715 Technical Manual ...

Page 722: ...t to minimum The grey zone in Figure 381 shows the behavior of the curve in case the measured current is outside the guaranteed measuring range Also the maximum measured current of 50 x In gives the leveling out point 50 2 5 20 x I I 11 2 1 1 Standard inverse time characteristics For inverse time operation both IEC and ANSI IEEE standardized inverse time characteristics are supported Section 11 1M...

Page 723: ...tremely Inverse 28 2 0 1217 2 0 2 ANSI Very Inverse 19 61 0 491 2 0 3 ANSI Normal Inverse 0 0086 0 0185 0 02 4 ANSI Moderately Inverse 0 0515 0 1140 0 02 6 Long Time Extremely Inverse 64 07 0 250 2 0 7 Long Time Very Inverse 28 55 0 712 2 0 8 Long Time Inverse 0 086 0 185 0 02 9 IEC Normal Inverse 0 14 0 0 0 02 10 IEC Very Inverse 13 5 0 0 1 0 11 IEC Inverse 0 14 0 0 0 02 12 IEC Extremely Inverse ...

Page 724: ...A070750 V2 EN Figure 382 ANSI extremely inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 718 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 725: ...A070751 V2 EN Figure 383 ANSI very inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 719 Technical Manual ...

Page 726: ...A070752 V2 EN Figure 384 ANSI normal inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 720 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 727: ...A070753 V2 EN Figure 385 ANSI moderately inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 721 Technical Manual ...

Page 728: ...A070817 V2 EN Figure 386 ANSI long time extremely inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 722 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 729: ...A070818 V2 EN Figure 387 ANSI long time very inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 723 Technical Manual ...

Page 730: ...A070819 V2 EN Figure 388 ANSI long time inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 724 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 731: ...A070820 V2 EN Figure 389 IEC normal inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 725 Technical Manual ...

Page 732: ...A070821 V2 EN Figure 390 IEC very inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 726 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 733: ...A070822 V2 EN Figure 391 IEC inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 727 Technical Manual ...

Page 734: ...A070823 V2 EN Figure 392 IEC extremely inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 728 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 735: ...A070824 V2 EN Figure 393 IEC short time inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 729 Technical Manual ...

Page 736: ...A070825 V2 EN Figure 394 IEC long time inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 730 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 737: ...E I Measured current I set Start value k set Time multiplier 11 2 1 3 RI and RD type inverse time characteristics The RI type simulates the behavior of electromechanical relays The RD type is an earth fault specific characteristic The RI type is calculated using the formula t s k I I 0 339 0 236 A060642 V2 EN Equation 79 The RD type is calculated using the formula t s I k I 5 8 1 35 In A060643 V2 ...

Page 738: ...t s Operate time in seconds k set Time multiplier I Measured current I set Start value Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 732 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 739: ...A070826 V2 EN Figure 395 RI type inverse time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 733 Technical Manual ...

Page 740: ...A070827 V2 EN Figure 396 RD type inverse time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 734 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 741: ...the set Start value including hysteresis The integral sum of the inverse time counter is reset if another start does not occur during the reset delay If the Type of reset curve setting is selected as Def time reset the current level has no influence on the reset characteristic Inverse reset Inverse reset curves are available only for ANSI and user programmable curves If you use other curve types i...

Page 742: ...nverse reset curves Curve name D 1 ANSI Extremely Inverse 29 1 2 ANSI Very Inverse 21 6 3 ANSI Normal Inverse 0 46 4 ANSI Moderately Inverse 4 85 6 Long Time Extremely Inverse 30 7 Long Time Very Inverse 13 46 8 Long Time Inverse 4 6 Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 736 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 743: ...A070828 V1 EN Figure 397 ANSI extremely inverse reset time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 737 Technical Manual ...

Page 744: ...A070829 V1 EN Figure 398 ANSI very inverse reset time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 738 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 745: ...A070830 V1 EN Figure 399 ANSI normal inverse reset time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 739 Technical Manual ...

Page 746: ...A070831 V1 EN Figure 400 ANSI moderately inverse reset time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 740 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 747: ...A070832 V1 EN Figure 401 ANSI long time extremely inverse reset time characteristics 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 741 Technical Manual ...

Page 748: ...A070833 V1 EN Figure 402 ANSI long time very inverse reset time characteristics Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 742 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 749: ...rse reset time characteristics The delayed inverse time reset is not available for IEC type inverse time curves User programmable delayed inverse reset 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 743 Technical Manual ...

Page 750: ...et This may be the case for example when the inverse time function of a protection relay needs to be blocked to enable the definite time operation of another protection relay for selectivity reasons especially if different relaying techniques old and modern relays are applied The selected blocking mode is Freeze timer The activation of the BLOCK input also lengthens the minimum delay value of the ...

Page 751: ...ated The OPERATE output of the component is activated when the cumulative sum of the integrator calculating the overvoltage situation exceeds the value set by the inverse time mode The set value depends on the selected curve type and the setting values used The user determines the curve scaling with the Time multiplier setting The Minimum operate time setting defines the minimum operate time for t...

Page 752: ...C 8215 30C089C80EAD V1 EN Figure 404 Operate time curve based on IDMT characteristic with Minimum operate time set to 0 5 second Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 746 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 753: ... second 11 3 1 1 Standard inverse time characteristics for overvoltage protection The operate times for the standard overvoltage IDMT curves are defined with the coefficients A B C D and E The inverse operate time can be calculated with the formula 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 747 Technical Manual ...

Page 754: ...ue of Start value k the set value of Time multiplier Table 710 Curve coefficients for the standard overvoltage IDMT curves Curve name A B C D E 17 Inverse Curve A 1 1 0 0 1 18 Inverse Curve B 480 32 0 5 0 035 2 19 Inverse Curve C 480 32 0 5 0 035 3 Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 748 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 755: ... ACF4044C 052E 4CBD 8247 C6ABE3796FA6 V1 EN Figure 406 Inverse curve A characteristic of overvoltage protection 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 749 Technical Manual ...

Page 756: ... F5E0E1C2 48C8 4DC7 A84B 174544C09142 V1 EN Figure 407 Inverse curve B characteristic of overvoltage protection Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 750 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 757: ...c of overvoltage protection 11 3 1 2 User programmable inverse time characteristics for overvoltage protection The user can define the curves by entering the parameters using the standard formula 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 751 Technical Manual ...

Page 758: ...e curve A has no discontinuities when the ratio U U exceeds the unity Curve Sat Relative is also set for it The Curve Sat Relative setting for curves A B and C is 2 0 percent However it should be noted that the user must carefully calculate the curve characteristics concerning the discontinuities in the curve when the programmable curve equation is used Thus the Curve Sat Relative parameter gives ...

Page 759: ...erate times for the standard undervoltage IDMT curves are defined with the coefficients A B C D and E The inverse operate time can be calculated with the formula t s k A B U U U C D E GUID 4A433D56 D7FB 412E B1AB 7FD43051EE79 V2 EN Equation 85 t s operate time in seconds U measured voltage U the set value of the Start value setting k the set value of the Time multiplier setting Table 711 Curve coe...

Page 760: ...35F40C3B B483 40E6 9767 69C1536E3CBC V1 EN Figure 409 Inverse curve A characteristic of undervoltage protection Section 11 1MRS758755 A General function block features 754 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 761: ...stic of undervoltage protection 11 3 2 2 User programmable inverse time characteristics for undervoltage protection The user can define curves by entering parameters into the standard formula 1MRS758755 A Section 11 General function block features REC615 and RER615 755 Technical Manual ...

Page 762: ...the curve A has no discontinuities when the ratio U U exceeds the unity Curve Sat Relative is set for it as well The Curve Sat Relative setting for curves A B and C is 2 0 percent However it should be noted that the user must carefully calculate the curve characteristics concerning also discontinuities in thecurvewhentheprogrammablecurveequationisused Thus the CurveSatRelative parameter gives anot...

Page 763: ...to a valid range 11 5 Measurement modes In many current or voltage dependent function blocks there are various alternative measuring principles RMS DFT which is a numerically calculated fundamental component of the signal Peak to peak Peak to peak with peak backup Consequently the measurement mode can be selected according to the application In extreme cases for example with high overcurrent or ha...

Page 764: ...ing of the harmonics is quite low and practically determined by the characteristics of the anti aliasing filter of the protection relay inputs Consequently this mode is usually used in conjunction with high and instantaneous stages where the suppression of harmonics is not so important In addition the peak to peak mode allows considerable CT saturation without impairing the performance of the oper...

Page 765: ...ef Time Operation accuracy in the frequency range 2 85 Hz is 1 5 or 0 003 In Operate time accuracy in definite time mode is 1 0 of the set value or 60 ms when IFault 2 set Start value and the fault current frequency is 10 85 Hz 11 6 Calculated measurements Calculated residual current and voltage The residual current is calculated from the phase currents according to equation Io I I I A B C GUID B9...

Page 766: ... Equation 97 The phase to earth voltages are calculated from the phase to phase voltages when VT connection is selected as Delta according to the equations U U U U A AB CA 0 3 GUID 8581E9AC 389C 40C2 8952 3C076E74BDEC V1 EN Equation 98 U U U U B BC AB 0 3 GUID 9EB6302C 2DB8 482F AAC3 BB3857C6F100 V1 EN Equation 99 U U U U C CA BC 0 3 GUID 67B3ACF2 D8F5 4829 B97C 7E2F3158BF8E V1 EN Equation 100 If ...

Page 767: ...rrent transformer of type 5P10 has the accuracy class 5P and the accuracy limit factor 10 For protective current transformers the accuracy class is designed by the highest permissible percentage composite error at the rated accuracy limit primary current prescribed for the accuracy class concerned followed by the letter P meaning protection Table 712 Limits of errors according to IEC 60044 1 for p...

Page 768: ... of at least 20 The nominal primary current I1n should be chosen in such a way that the thermal and dynamic strength of the current measuring input of the protection relay is not exceeded This is always fulfilled when I1n Ikmax 100 Ikmax is the highest fault current The saturation of the CT protects the measuring circuit and the current input of the protection relay For that reason in practice eve...

Page 769: ...rrent is only slightly higher than the starting current This depends on the accuracy limit factor of the CT on the remanence flux of the core of the CT and on the operate time setting With inverse time mode of operation the delay should always be considered as being as long as the time constant of the DC component With inverse time mode of operation and when the high set stages are not used the AC...

Page 770: ...ition the start current settings have to be defined so that the protection relay operates with the minimum fault current and it does not operate with the maximum load current The settings for all three stages are as in Figure 411 For the application point of view the suitable setting for instantaneous stage I in this example is 3 500 A 5 83 I2n I2n is the 1 2 multiple with nominal primary current ...

Page 771: ...3 1 Module slot numbering 1 2 3 4 5 GUID 87FBCD58 52E4 44D3 9BF2 81BEB7377034 V1 EN Figure 412 Module slot numbering 1 X000 2 X100 3 X110 4 X120 5 X130 1MRS758755 A Section 13 Protection relay s physical connections REC615 and RER615 765 Technical Manual ...

Page 772: ...and X110 The earth lead must be at least 6 0 mm2 and as short as possible 13 3 Binary and analog connections All binary and analog connections are described in the product specific application engineering guides 13 4 Communication connections The front communication connection is an RJ 45 type connector used mainly for configuration and setting Section 13 1MRS758755 A Protection relay s physical c...

Page 773: ...de has to be configured in a way that it obtains the IP address automatically There is a DHCP server inside protection relay for the front interface only The events and setting values and all input data such as memorized values and disturbance records can be read via the front communication port Only one of the possible clients can be used for parametrization at a time PCM600 LHMI WHMI The default...

Page 774: ...o the same network The protection relay s default IP address through rear Ethernet port is 192 168 2 10 with the TCP IP protocol The data transfer rate is 100 Mbps 13 4 3 EIA 232 serial rear connection The EIA 232 connection follows the TIA EIA 232 standard and is intended to be used with a point to point connection The connection supports hardware flow control RTS CTS DTR DSR full duplex and half...

Page 775: ...ic ST IEC 61850 MODBUS RTU ASCII MODBUS TCP IP DNP3 serial DNP3 TCP IP IEC 60870 5 101 IEC 60870 5 104 Supported 13 4 7 Rear communication modules COM0001 RJ 45 COM0002 LC COM0022 RJ 45 RS232 485 IRIG B COM0031 3xRJ 45 COM0032 2xLC RJ 45 ST ARC COM0023 RJ 45 RS232 485 RS485 ST IRIG B COM0037 2xLC RJ 45 GUID 8AAAC1F6 7BF7 4E72 ADF1 E60F56F4263F V2 EN Figure 414 Communication module options 1MRS7587...

Page 776: ...or COM0022 and COM0023 LED Connector Description1 FX X12 Not used by COM0023 X1 X1 LAN Link status and activity RJ 45 and LC FL X12 Not used by COM0023 RX X6 COM1 2 wire 4 wire receive activity TX X6 COM1 2 wire 4 wire transmit activity RX X5 X12 COM2 2 wire 4 wire or fiber optic receive activity TX X5 X12 COM2 2 wire 4 wire or fiber optic transmit activity I B X5 IRIG B signal activity 1 Dependin...

Page 777: ...EIA 485 serial communication X6 connector EIA 485 serial communication X5 connector and optical ST serial communication X12 connector Two independent communication ports are supported by COM0023 The two 2 wire ports use COM1 and COM2 Alternatively if only one 4 wire port is configured it uses COM2 The fibre optic ST connection uses the COM1 port Table 719 Configuration options of the communication...

Page 778: ...ID D4044F6B 2DA8 4C14 A491 4772BA108292 V1 EN GUID 41B9CEDA BDC9 4775 8DEC 36C7DA5F73AA V1 EN Figure 415 Jumper connections on communication module COM0022 revisions A F Section 13 1MRS758755 A Protection relay s physical connections 772 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 779: ...7B9 434C 971D C218B73A7837 V1 EN Figure 416 Jumper connections on communication module COM0022 revision G or later 1MRS758755 A Section 13 Protection relay s physical connections REC615 and RER615 773 Technical Manual ...

Page 780: ...13 1 2 3 X24 1 2 3 X3 X25 1 2 3 5 4 3 2 1 X 27 X 28 3 2 1 GUID D4044F6B 2DA8 4C14 A491 4772BA108292 V1 EN Figure 417 Jumper connections on communication module COM0023 revisions A F Section 13 1MRS758755 A Protection relay s physical connections 774 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 781: ...on type can be either EIA 232 or EIA 485 The type is selected by setting jumpers X19 X20 X21 and X26 The jumpers are set to EIA 232 by default Table 720 EIA 232 and EIA 485 jumper connectors for COM1 Group Jumper connection Description X19 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 X20 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 X21 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 X26 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 1MRS758755 A Section 13 Protection relay s physical ...

Page 782: ...ation disabled1 1 Default setting Table 722 4 wire EIA 485 jumper connectors for COM1 Group Jumper connection Description Notes X5 1 2 2 3 A bias enabled A bias disabled1 COM1 Rear connector X6 4 wire TX channel X6 1 2 2 3 B bias enabled B bias disabled1 X7 1 2 2 3 Bus termination enabled Bus termination disabled1 X9 1 2 2 3 A bias enabled A bias disabled1 4 wire RX channel X8 1 2 2 3 B bias enabl...

Page 783: ... B bias disabled X15 1 2 2 3 Bus termination enabled Bus termination disabled X17 1 2 2 3 A bias enabled A bias disabled 4 wire RX channel X18 1 2 2 3 B bias enabled B bias disabled X19 1 2 2 3 Bus termination enabled Bus termination disabled Table 726 Optical ST connection X12 Group Jumper connection Description X3 1 2 2 3 Star topology Loop topology X24 1 2 2 3 Idle state Light on Idle state Lig...

Page 784: ...e 9 Rx 8 Rx 7 A Tx 6 B Tx 5 AGND isolated ground 4 IRIG B 3 IRIG B 2 1 GND case 13 4 7 2 COM0032 jumper locations and connections The optional communication modules include support for optical ST serial communication X9 connector The fibre optic ST connection uses the COM1 port Section 13 1MRS758755 A Protection relay s physical connections 778 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 785: ...communication module COM0032 Table 730 X9 Optical ST jumper connectors Group Jumper connection Description X15 1 2 2 3 Star topology Loop topology X24 1 2 2 3 Idle state Light on Idle state Light off 1MRS758755 A Section 13 Protection relay s physical connections REC615 and RER615 779 Technical Manual ...

Page 786: ...780 ...

Page 787: ...0 of Un 38 4 300 V DC Start up threshold 19 2 V DC 24 V DC 80 Burden of auxiliary voltage supply under quiescent Pq operating condition DC 13 0 W nominal 18 0 W max AC 16 0 W nominal 21 0 W max DC 13 0 W nominal 18 0 W max Ripple in the DC auxiliary voltage Max 15 of the DC value at frequency of 100 Hz Fuse type T4A 250 V The protection relay does not include any batteries as backup power when the...

Page 788: ...on for residual current input 2 Residual current and or phase current Table 734 Energizing inputs of SIM0001 Description Value Voltage sensor input Rated voltage 5 kV 38 kV1 Continuous voltage withstand 125 V AC2 Input impedance at 50 60 Hz 1 MΩ3 Voltage inputs Rated voltage 60 210 V AC Voltage withstand Continuous 240 V AC For 10 s 360 V AC Burden at rated voltage 0 05 VA 1 This range is covered ...

Page 789: ...ivision ratio of 10 000 1 Table 736 Binary inputs Description Value Operating range 20 of the rated voltage Rated voltage 24 250 V DC Current drain 1 6 1 9 mA Power consumption 31 0 570 0 mW Threshold voltage 16 176 V DC Reaction time 3 ms Table 737 Signal output with high make and carry Description Value 1 Rated voltage 250 V AC DC Continuous contact carry 5 A Make and carry for 3 0 s 15 A Make a...

Page 790: ...pacity when the control circuit time constant L R 40 ms at 48 110 220 V DC two contacts connected in a series 5 A 3 A 1 A Minimum contact load 100 mA at 24 V AC DC Trip circuit monitoring TCS Control voltage range 20 250 V AC DC Current drain through the monitoring circuit 1 5 mA Minimum voltage over the TCS contact 20 V AC DC 15 20 V Table 740 Single pole power output relays X100 PO1 and PO2 Desc...

Page 791: ...e optional communication module Table 743 Fibre optic communication link Connector Fibre type Wave length Max distance Permitted path attenuation1 LC MM 62 5 125 or 50 125 μm glass fibre core 1300 nm 2 km 8 dB ST MM 62 5 125 or 50 125 μm glass fibre core 820 900 nm 1 km 11 dB 1 Maximum allowed attenuation caused by connectors and cable together Table 744 IRIG B Description Value IRIG time code for...

Page 792: ...93 non condensing Atmospheric pressure 86 106 kPa Altitude Up to 2000 m Transport and storage temperature range 40 85ºC 1 Degradation in MTBF and HMI performance outside the temperature range of 25 55 ºC 2 For relays with an LC communication interface the maximum operating temperature is 70 ºC Section 14 1MRS758755 A Technical data 786 REC615 and RER615 Technical Manual ...

Page 793: ...quency interference test 10 V rms f 150 kHz 80 MHz IEC 61000 4 6 IEC 60255 26 class III 10 V m rms f 80 2700 MHz IEC 61000 4 3 IEC 60255 26 class III 10 V m f 900 MHz ENV 50204 IEC 60255 26 class III 20 V m rms f 80 1000 MHz IEEE C37 90 2 2004 Fast transient disturbance test IEC 61000 4 4 IEC 60255 26 IEEE C37 90 1 2012 All ports 4 kV Surge immunity test IEC 61000 4 5 IEC 60255 26 Communication 1 ...

Page 794: ...dB µV average 0 5 30 MHz 73 dB µV quasi peak 60 dB µV average Radiated 30 230 MHz 40 dB µV m quasi peak measured at 10 m distance 230 1000 MHz 47 dB µV m quasi peak measured at 10 m distance Table 748 Insulation tests Description Type test value Reference Dielectric tests 2 kV 50 Hz 1 min 500 V 50 Hz 1 min communication IEC 60255 27 Impulse voltage test 5 kV 1 2 50 μs 0 5 J 1 kV 1 2 50 μs 0 5 J co...

Page 795: ...EC 60068 2 1 Damp heat test 6 cycles 12 h 12 h at 25 C 55 C humidity 93 IEC 60068 2 30 Change of temperature test 5 cycles 3 h 3 h at 25 C 55 C IEC60068 2 14 Storage test 96 h at 40ºC 96 h at 85ºC IEC 60068 2 1 IEC 60068 2 2 1 For relays with an LC communication interface the maximum operating temperature is 70oC Table 751 Product safety Description Reference LV directive 2006 95 EC Standard EN 60...

Page 796: ...790 ...

Page 797: ...EN 60255 1 EN 60255 26 EN 60255 27 EMC council directive 2004 108 EC EU directive 2002 96 EC 175 IEC 60255 Low voltage directive 2006 95 EC IEC 61850 1MRS758755 A Section 16 Applicable standards and regulations REC615 and RER615 791 Technical Manual ...

Page 798: ...792 ...

Page 799: ...f CAT 5 that adds specifications for far end crosstalk CBB Cycle building block COMTRADE Common format for transient data exchange for power systems Defined by the IEEE Standard CPU Central processing unit CT Current transformer CTS Clear to send DAN Doubly attached node DC 1 Direct current 2 Disconnector 3 Double command DCD Data carrier detect DFT Discrete Fourier transform DHCP Dynamic Host Con...

Page 800: ...col Secure IDMT Inverse definite minimum time IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60870 5 101 Companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks IEC 60870 5 104 Network access for IEC 60870 5 101 IEC 61850 International standard for substation communication and modeling IEC 61850 8 1 A communication protocol based on the IEC 61850 standard series IEC 61850 9 2 A communication protocol ba...

Page 801: ...nate PCM600 Protection and Control IED Manager Peak to peak 1 The amplitude of a waveform between its maximum positive value and its maximum negative value 2 A measurement principle where the measurement quantity is made by calculating the average from the positive and negative peak values without including the DC component The peak to peak mode allows considerable CT saturation without impairing ...

Page 802: ...y IEC 61850 Single line diagram Simplified notation for representing a three phase power system Instead of representing each of three phases with a separate line or terminal only one conductor is represented SMT Signal Matrix tool in PCM600 SMV Sampled measured values SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol SOTF Switch onto fault ST Connector type for glass fiber cable SW Software TCP IP Transmission Co...

Page 803: ...797 ...

Page 804: ...tribution Solutions Distribution Automation P O Box 699 FI 65101 VAASA Finland Phone 358 10 22 11 www abb com mediumvoltage www abb com substationautomation Copyright 2018 ABB All rights reserved 1MRS758755 A ...

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