Glossary: Frequently Used Terms
R&S
®
ZNA
1664
User Manual 1178.6462.02 ─ 20
R
Recall Set:
A recall set comprises a set of diagram areas with all displayed information
that can be stored to a VNA recall set file (
*.znxml|*.znx
). Each recall set is dis-
played in an independent tab.
Reflection tracking error:
Frequency-dependent variation of the ratio of the reflected
wave to the reference wave at a test port when an ideal reflection coefficient (= 1) is
measured. The reflection tracking error can be corrected by means of a reflection nor-
malization or one of the more sophisticated calibration methods.
Reverse:
A measurement on a two-port DUT is said to be in reverse direction if the
source signal (stimulus) is applied to port 2 of the DUT.
S
Source match error:
Measurement error caused by a mismatch of the analyzer's
source port causing part of the signal reflected off the DUT to be reflected again off the
source port so that it is not measured there. The source match error can be corrected
by means of a full one-port calibration or a two-port calibration (except normalization).
Stimulus value:
Value of the sweep variable (frequency/power/time/point number)
where a measurement is taken. Also termed sweep point.
Sweep:
Series of consecutive measurements taken at a specified sequence of stimu-
lus values = series of consecutive measurement points.
Sweep point:
Value of the sweep variable (stimulus value: frequency/power/time)
where a measurement is taken.
Sweep range:
Continuous range of the sweep variable (frequency/power/time) con-
taining the sweep points where the analyzer takes measurements. In a Segmented
Frequency sweep the sweep range can be composed of several parameter ranges or
single points.
Sweep segment:
Continuous frequency range or single frequency point where the
analyzer measures at specified instrument settings (generator power, IF bandwidth
etc.). In the Segmented Frequency sweep type the entire sweep range can be com-
posed of several sweep segments.
T
TNA:
A calibration type using a Through, a symmetric Network and an Attenuation
standard. The properties of the Network and the Attenuation don't have to be known
exactly. Like TRL and TRM, TNA is especially useful for DUTs in planar line technol-
ogy.
TOM:
A calibration type using three fully known standards (Through, Open, Match),
recommended for 2-port measurements on coaxial systems.
