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19-10
D
ELTA
/D
ELTA
XL/K
APPA
VF8
19
ET
CO2 (E
ND
-T
IDAL
CO2)
MONITORING
Capnograms
The monitor also displays an instantaneous CO
2
reading as a waveform or capnogram.
A typical capnogram is shown below:
You can use capnograms to troubleshoot problems with equipment or monitor
configuration as well as to monitor a patient’s clinical status. The following table
shows some of the more common problems identifiable through capnogram analysis:
Capnogram
Description
Immediate and possible causes
Alveolar plateau shows
downward slope that
merges with descending
limb
Inadequate Seal Around Endotracheal
Tube
• Leaky or deflated endotracheal or
tracheostomy cuff
• Artificial airway that is too small for the
patient
Elevated waveform
baseline with
corresponding increase in
etCO
2
level
Rebreathing
• Insufficient expiratory time
• Faulty expiratory valve
• Inadequate inspiratory flow
• Malfunction of a CO
2
absorber system
• Partial rebreathing circuits
1
Expiratory plateau (level of CO2 in lungs ceases to increase
significantly)
2
End-tidal concentration point (end of expiration phase, where etCO2 is
measured)
3
Onset of inspiration phase
4
Expiration phase
5
Baseline during inspiration
Summary of Contents for Infinity Delta
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Page 372: ...21 14 DELTA DELTA XL KAPPA VF8 21 RESPIRATORY MECHANICS T NEONATAL FLOW SENSOR ...
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