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Operator’s Manual – OPTI CCA-TS2 9-1
9 OPERATING PRINCIPLES
9 OPERATING PRINCIPLES
9.1 Intended Use
The OPTI ™ CCA-TS2 Critical Care Analyzer is intended to be used for the measurement of hydrogen
ion concentration (pH), carbon dioxide partial pressure ( P CO
2
), oxygen partial pressure ( P O
2
), sodium
(Na
+
), potassium (K
+
), ionized calcium (Ca
++
), chloride (Cl
-
), glucose (Glu), blood urea nitrogen (BUN/
urea), lactate (Lac), total hemoglobin concentration (tHb) and hemoglobin oxygen saturation ( S O
2
) in
samples of whole blood, and pH, sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, chloride, glucose and BUN (urea)
in serum and plasma, in either a traditional blood gas, clinical laboratory setting or point-of-care locations
by personnel minimally qualified to perform and report these results.
9.2 Principles of Procedure
Luminescence is the emission of light energy resulting from excited molecules returning to a resting state.
When luminescence is initiated by light, it is commonly referred to as fluorescence. When a fluorescent
chemical is exposed to light energy of an appropriate color, electrons in the molecules of the fluorescent
chemical are excited. A very short time later, the electrons return to a resting state and in this process
sometimes emit a small amount of light energy. This energy is less than the excitation energy and so has a
different color. That is, the emitted light (fluorescence emission), is red-shifted from the excitation light,
and is much less intense
.1
Fluorescent optodes (from opt ical electr odes ) measure the intensity of light emitted from fluorescent
dyes exposed to a specific analyte. The emitted light is distinguished from excitation light by means of
optical filters. Because the excitation light energy is kept constant, the small amount of light that results
is changed only by the concentration of the analyte. The concentration of the analyte is determined by
the calculation of the difference in fluorescence measured at a known calibration point and that measured
with the unknown concentration of analyte. For a description of the measurement principles of the
individual analytes, please refer to the analyte section of the OPTI CCA-TS2 Operator’s Manual.
1
Guilbault GG, Ed., Practical Fluorescence, 2nd Ed., Marcel Dekker, 1990.