8.12.2
Application
IP14961-1 v2
GUID-2F952D87-6BEB-4425-B823-DF8511B9E742 v3
The fast distance protection function ZMFPDIS in the IED is designed to provide sub-
cycle, down to half-cycle operating time for basic faults. At the same time, it is
specifically designed for extra care during difficult conditions in high-voltage
transmission networks, like faults on long heavily loaded lines and faults generating
heavily distorted signals. These faults are handled with utmost security and
dependability, although sometimes with a reduced operating speed.
8.12.2.1
System grounding
GUID-EB5B5594-AA81-4FC5-BBC0-7627A8609A23 v1
The type of system grounding plays an important role when designing the protection
system. Some hints with respect to distance protection are highlighted below.
Solidly grounded networks
GUID-6B0F02F4-18ED-415E-8D48-0A1648F7CE00 v2
In solidly grounded systems, the transformer neutrals are connected directly to ground
without any impedance between the transformer neutral and ground.
ANSI05000215 V2 EN-US
Figure 173:
Solidly grounded network
The ground-fault current is as high or even higher than the short-circuit current. The
series impedances determine the magnitude of the fault current. The shunt admittance
has very limited influence on the ground-fault current. The shunt admittance may,
however, have some marginal influence on the ground-fault current in networks with
long transmission lines.
The ground-fault current at single phase-to-ground in phase A can be calculated as
equation
A
A
0
1
2
0
f
1
N
f
3 V
3I
Z
Z
Z
3Z
Z
Z
Z
V
×
=
=
+
+
+
+
+
EQUATION1710 V2 EN-US
(Equation 258)
Section 8
1MRK 504 163-UUS A
Impedance protection
368
Transformer protection RET670 2.2 ANSI
Application manual
Summary of Contents for RELION RET670
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