2-20
T60 Transformer Protection System
GE Multilin
2.3 SIGNAL PROCESSING
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2
2.3SIGNAL PROCESSING
2.3.1 UR SIGNAL PROCESSING
The UR series relays are microprocessor-based protective relays that are designed to measure power system conditions
directly via CT and PT inputs and via other sources of information, such as analog inputs, communications inputs and con-
tact inputs. The following figure shows the overall signal processing in URs.
An analog low pass anti-aliasing filter with a 3 dB corner frequency is set at 2.4 kHz and is used for current and voltage
analog filtering as well as signal conditioning. The same filtering is applied for phase, ground currents, phase-to-phase
(when applicable), and auxiliary voltages. The 2.4 kHz cut-off frequency applies to both 50 Hz and 60 Hz applications and
fixed in the hardware, and thus is not dependent on the system nominal frequency setting.
Figure 2–3: UR SIGNAL PROCESSING
The UR samples its AC signals at 64 samples per cycle, that is, at 3840 Hz in 60 Hz systems, and 3200 Hz in 50 Hz sys-
tems. The sampling rate is dynamically adjusted to the actual system frequency by an accurate and fast frequency tracking
system.
The A/D converter has the following ranges of AC signals:
Voltages:
(EQ 2.1)
Currents:
From
CT/VT
U
I
Analog Inputs
Analog low-
pass filter
Analog-to-
Digital
Converter
A
Digital band-
pass filter
DSP module
Phasor
estimation
½ cycle
Fourier
1 cycle
Fourier
RMS
values
Fundamen
tal freq.
Phasors,
Seq. com-
ponents
D
Sampling
frequency
CPU module
I>
Z<
U<
Protection
algorithms
IRIG-B
IEEE
1588
SNTP
Tracking
frequency
selection,
estimation
Accurate
Real-Time
clock
Synchrophasors
calculations
Serial
ports
Ethernet
ports
Communi-
cation
protocols
Control
elements,
monitoring
elements,
FlexLogic,
Aggregation,
post-filtering
Contact Inputs
module
HMI
Ddebounce
filtering
Optoisolated
Analog Inputs
module
DCmA, RTD
A
D
Inter-relay
comms
module
Channel
monitoring
CRC check
G.703, RS-422,
C37.94, direct fiber
Contact Outputs
module
Et
h
e
rn
e
t
S
eria
l
PMU (IEEE C37.118,
IEC 61850-90-5)
IEC 61850 (GOOSE,
MMS Server)
DNP, Modbus,
IEC60870
Comtrade, data
logger
Events
Inter-relay
comms
module
Frequency
T
Analog Outputs
module
Time stamping
Synchro-
phasors
filtering
859740A1.vsd
2
±
260
V
( )
⋅
Summary of Contents for T60
Page 6: ...vi T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin TABLE OF CONTENTS ...
Page 14: ...xiv T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin TABLE OF CONTENTS ...
Page 34: ...1 20 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin 1 5 USING THE RELAY 1 GETTING STARTED 1 ...
Page 490: ...5 344 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin 5 10 TESTING 5 SETTINGS 5 ...
Page 522: ...6 32 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin 6 5 PRODUCT INFORMATION 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6 ...
Page 536: ...7 14 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin 7 1 COMMANDS 7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS 7 ...
Page 568: ...10 12 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin 10 6 DISPOSAL 10 MAINTENANCE 10 ...
Page 596: ...A 28 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin A 1 PARAMETER LISTS APPENDIX A A ...
Page 716: ...B 120 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin B 4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B B ...
Page 762: ...E 10 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin E 1 IEC 60870 5 104 PROTOCOL APPENDIX E E ...
Page 774: ...F 12 T60 Transformer Protection System GE Multilin F 2 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX F F ...