Charging rate
Battery electrolyte temperature
-20 degrees C
(-4 degrees F)
0 degrees C
(32 degrees F)
20 degrees C
(68 degrees F)
100%
1.31
1.29
1.28
90%
1.29
1.28
1.26
80%
1.28
1.26
1.25
75%
1.27
1.25
1.24
3.17
MACHINE OPERATION IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS
3.17.1
OPERATION IN EXTREME COLD
When the ambient temperature is low, starting the engine may be difficult due to decrease of oil
liquidity, and the radiator may be damaged due to coolant freezing.
Handling of Fuel/Oil in Extreme Cold
Use good low-viscosity fuel/oil for each device. For optimum viscosity, see "LUBRICANT, FUEL &
COOLANT SPECIFICATIONS" in Chapter 4.
Handling of Coolant in Extreme Cold
When operating or storing the machine in cold climates, the additive rate of the cooling system
should match the expected minimum outdoor temperature.
If the coolant is frozen, it may cause damage to the radiator, cylinder block and cylinder head. When
being shipped from the factory, the coolant mixed with "Long Life Coolant" is used to prevent rust
and freezing of the cooling system.
When operating or storing the machine in extreme cold, check the coolant frequently to keep an
appropriate concentration.
Handling of Battery in Extreme Cold
When the ambient temperature is low, the battery capacity may decrease and the battery electrolyte
may freeze. Keep the charging rate close to 100% as much as possible and pay full attention to
thermal insulation by covering the battery.
The charging rate can be calculated roughly by measuring the specific gravity and using the table
below.
Specific Gravity of Battery Electrolyte
Measure the specific gravity of battery electrolyte after its temperature becomes almost the same as
the outdoor temperature, instead of immediately after starting the operation.
［
3. MACHINE OPERATION
］
3-44
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