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Keithley SourceMeter 2400, User Manual

The Keithley SourceMeter 2400 is a versatile instrument for sourcing and measuring voltage and current. For detailed instructions on its functions and features, download the free User Manual from manualshive.com. This manual will provide you with all the information you need to maximize the use of this powerful device.

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Pulse-measure considerations  ..................................................  

5-16

Measurement speed ...........................................................  

5-16

Filter ..................................................................................  

5-17

Auto range .........................................................................  

5-17

Concurrent measurements .................................................  

5-17

Ohms source readback  ......................................................  

5-17

Toggle key .........................................................................  

5-17

Offset-compensated ohms .................................................  

5-18

Source delay ......................................................................  

5-18

Trigger delay  .....................................................................  

5-18

Input triggers .....................................................................  

5-19

Output triggers  ..................................................................  

5-19

Auto output-off  .................................................................  

5-19

Output-off state  .................................................................  

5-19

Turning source on  .............................................................  

5-20

SCPI signal oriented measurement commands .................  

5-20

 

6

Source-Measure Concepts

 

Compliance limit ........................................................................  

6-2

Types of compliance  ...........................................................  

6-2

Maximum compliance values  .............................................  

6-3

Compliance examples  .........................................................  

6-4

Compliance principles  ........................................................  

6-4

Passive load compliance example ................................  

6-4

Active load compliance example  .................................  

6-4

Determining compliance limit  ............................................  

6-5

Overheating protection ...............................................................  

6-6

Overheating conditions  .......................................................  

6-6

Power equations to avoid shutdown ....................................  

6-7

Model 2400 SourceMeter  ............................................  

6-7

Model 2410 SourceMeter  ............................................  

6-8

Model 2420 SourceMeter  ............................................  

6-8

Models 2425 and 2430 SourceMeters  .........................  

6-9

Model 2440 SourceMeter  ............................................  

6-9

Source-delay-measure cycle .....................................................  

6-10

Sweep waveforms  .............................................................  

6-12

Operating boundaries  ...............................................................  

6-14

Source or sink  ...................................................................  

6-14

Duty cycle  .........................................................................  

6-14

Model 2400 SourceMeter  ..........................................  

6-15

Model 2410 SourceMeter  ..........................................  

6-16

Model 2420 SourceMeter  ..........................................  

6-17

Models 2425 and 2430 SourceMeters  .......................  

6-18

Model 2440 SourceMeter  ..........................................  

6-20

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Summary of Contents for SourceMeter 2400

Page 1: ...service in house repair center WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT Sell your excess underutilized and idle used equipment We also offer credit for buy backs and trade ins www artisantg com WeBuyEquipment REMOTE IN...

Page 2: ...Model 2400 SeriesSourceMeter User s Manual A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 3: ...NSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS INC HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES SUCH EXCLUDED DAM AGES SHALL INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO COSTS OF REMOVAL AND...

Page 4: ...Manual 1998 Keithley Instruments Inc All rights reserved Cleveland Ohio U S A Seventh Printing May 2002 Document Number 2400S 900 01 Rev G Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 8...

Page 5: ...revised copy of this print history page Revision A Document Number 2400S 900 01 August 1998 Revision B Document Number 2400S 900 01 January 1999 Addendum B Document Number 2400S 900 02 April 1999 Rev...

Page 6: ...ith high tran sient over voltages Installation Category II connections require protection for high transient over voltages often associated with localAC mains connections Assume all measurement contro...

Page 7: ...G heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure The CAUTION heading...

Page 8: ...10 Line power connection 1 10 Power up sequence 1 11 System identification 1 11 Line frequency setting 1 12 Front panel line frequency 1 12 Remote command line frequency 1 12 Fuse replacement 1 13 Coo...

Page 9: ...s 2 5 4 wire remote sensing 2 6 2 wire local sensing 2 7 Guarding methods 2 8 Cable guard 2 8 Ohms guard 2 9 Sense and guard selections 2 11 Sense selection 2 11 Guard selection 2 12 3 Basic Source Me...

Page 10: ...sic source measure commands 3 18 Source measure programming example 3 19 Measure only 3 20 Front panel measure only 3 20 Remote command measure only 3 21 Sink operation 3 22 Battery charging dischargi...

Page 11: ...zero 5 11 Remote command Pulse Mode configuration 5 11 Basic Pulse Mode operation 5 12 Front panel pulse measure procedure 5 12 Step 1 Select Pulse Mode and set pulse width and pulse delay 5 12 Step 2...

Page 12: ...rinciples 6 4 Passive load compliance example 6 4 Active load compliance example 6 4 Determining compliance limit 6 5 Overheating protection 6 6 Overheating conditions 6 6 Power equations to avoid shu...

Page 13: ...EL or LIMITS 6 43 7 Range Digits Speed and Filters Range and digits 7 2 Range 7 2 Maximum readings 7 2 Ranging limitations 7 2 Manual ranging 7 3 Auto ranging 7 3 Auto range considerations 7 3 Auto ra...

Page 14: ...s 8 4 Built in math functions 8 4 Power 8 4 Offset compensated ohms 8 4 Varistor alpha 8 5 Voltage coefficient 8 5 Percent deviation 8 6 Front panel math operations 8 6 Remote math operations 8 7 Math...

Page 15: ...e memory sweeps 10 8 Saved source memory configurations 10 8 Sweep branching 10 10 Diode test example 10 12 Configuring and running a sweep 10 14 Front panel sweep operation 10 14 Sweep configuration...

Page 16: ...nu 11 8 Remote trigger operation 11 11 Remote trigger model 11 11 Idle and initiate 11 11 Event detection 11 13 Arm layer 11 13 Trigger layer 11 14 Counters 11 16 Output triggers 11 16 GPIB defaults 1...

Page 17: ...nning 12 4 Operation overview 12 5 Grading mode 12 5 Binning control 12 5 Pass condition 12 8 Fail condition 12 8 Sorting mode 12 9 Binning 12 9 Binning systems 12 11 Handler interface 12 11 Digital I...

Page 18: ...rt configuration 13 2 Digital output lines 13 2 SOT line 13 3 Interlock line 13 3 5V output 13 3 Digital output configuration 13 3 Sink operation 13 3 Source operation 13 4 Controlling digital output...

Page 19: ...p execute trigger 14 8 SPE SPD serial polling 14 9 Front panel GPIB operation 14 9 Error and status messages 14 9 GPIB status indicators 14 9 REM 14 9 TALK 14 10 LSTN 14 10 SRQ 14 10 LOCAL key 14 10 P...

Page 20: ...ng registers 15 5 Programming enable registers 15 5 Reading registers 15 6 Status byte and service request SRQ 15 7 Status byte register 15 8 Service request enable register 15 9 Serial polling and SR...

Page 21: ...query 16 6 WAI wait to continue 16 7 17 SCPI Signal Oriented Measurement Commands Command summary 17 2 Configuring measurement function 17 2 CONFigure function 17 2 Acquiring readings 17 3 FETCh 17 3...

Page 22: ...URce2 NRf NDN 18 37 PASS SOURce2 NRf NDN 18 39 STATe b 18 39 FAIL 18 40 Composite testing 18 40 PASS SOURce2 NRf NDN 18 40 FAIL SOURce2 NRf NDN 18 41 FAIL SMLocation NRf NEXT 18 42 PASS SMLocation NRf...

Page 23: ...7 STATe b 18 57 Interlock control 18 58 STATe b 18 58 TRIPped 18 58 Output off states 18 58 SMODe 18 58 ROUTe subsystem 18 59 Select input jacks 18 59 TERMinals name 18 59 SENSe1 subsystem 18 60 Selec...

Page 24: ...18 73 MODE name 18 74 Select sourcing mode 18 74 MODE name 18 74 Select range 18 75 RANGe n 18 75 AUTO b 18 77 Set amplitude for fixed source 18 77 IMMediate AMPLitude n 18 77 TRIGgered AMPLitude n 18...

Page 25: ...list 18 98 Soak time 18 99 SOAK NRf 18 99 Pulse Mode delays Model 2430 only 18 99 WIDth n 18 99 DELay n 18 100 SOURce2 18 100 Setting digital output 18 100 LEVel NRf NDN 18 100 MODE name 18 101 BSTate...

Page 26: ...ame 18 110 Control NPLC caching 18 110 CACHing 18 110 Select power line frequency setting 18 111 LFRequency freq 18 111 AUTO b 18 111 Error queue 18 112 NEXT 18 112 ALL 18 112 COUNt 18 112 CODE NEXT 1...

Page 27: ...sure cycle 18 120 INITiate 18 120 Abort source measure cycle 18 121 ABORt 18 121 Program trigger model 18 121 COUNt n 18 121 DELay n 18 122 SOURce name 18 123 TIMer n 18 124 DIRection name 18 124 INPu...

Page 28: ...D 9 Common commands D 10 SCPI commands D 10 Command codes D 10 Typical command sequences D 12 IEEE command groups D 13 Interface function codes D 14 E IEEE 488 and SCPI Conformance Information Introd...

Page 29: ...16 Contact check command reference F 17 Configure and control contact check F 17 CCHeck b F 17 RESistance NRf F 17 Configure and control contact check limit test F 17 STATe b F 17 FAIL F 18 SOURce2 NR...

Page 30: ...430 only Figure 5 1 Pulse period 5 2 Figure 5 2 Pulse measure timing 5 3 Figure 5 3 Pulse measure timing auto zero off 5 7 Figure 5 4 Pulse only timing 5 8 6 Source Measure Concepts Figure 6 1 Source...

Page 31: ...1 to 10 volts 10 4 Figure 10 3 Custom pulse sweep 10 6 Figure 10 4 Custom sweep with different pulse durations 10 6 Figure 10 5 Six point test branching example 10 10 Figure 10 6 Typical diode I V cu...

Page 32: ...12 21 Figure 12 11 Diode pass fail limits 12 25 13 Digital I O Port Safety Interlock and Output Configuration Figure 13 1 Digital I O port 13 2 Figure 13 2 Sink operation 13 3 Figure 13 3 Source oper...

Page 33: ...nce D 6 Figure D 3 Command codes D 11 F Contact Check Function Figure F 1 Source of Kelvin resistance errors F 2 Figure F 2 Contact check block diagram F 3 Figure F 3 Contact check DUT connections F 4...

Page 34: ...1 Source measure capabilities 3 4 Table 3 2 Compliance limits 3 6 Table 3 3 Compliance commands 3 7 Table 3 4 Auto source delay 3 13 Table 3 5 Basic source measure commands 3 18 Table 3 6 Basic source...

Page 35: ...Table 10 2 Source memory saved configurations 10 9 Table 10 3 Linear and log staircase sweep commands 10 22 Table 10 4 Staircase sweep programming example diode test 10 24 Table 10 5 Custom sweep comm...

Page 36: ...le 15 7 Event enable registers commands 15 17 Table 15 8 Program and read register programming example 15 18 Table 15 9 Error queue commands 15 20 16 Common Commands Table 16 1 IEEE 488 2 common comma...

Page 37: ...3 Contact check remote commands F 14 Table F 4 Contact check programming example F 16 Table F 5 Contact check defaults F 20 G GPIB 488 1 Protocol Table G 1 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for me...

Page 38: ...ectors of the instrument Power up Covers line power connection line voltage settings fuse replace ment and the power up sequence Cooling fan Covers the cooling fan in the Models 2410 2420 2425 2430 an...

Page 39: ...cerning the instrument or manual will be explained in an addendum included with the manual Be sure to note these changes and incorporate them into the manual Safety symbols and terms The following sym...

Page 40: ...2400 901 00 The manual packages include a manual and any pertinent addenda Options and accessories The following options and accessories are available from Keithley for use with the SourceMeter Genera...

Page 41: ...a retractable sheath on the other end These leads minimize the thermally induced offsets that can be created by test leads Cables and adapters Model 2499 DIGIO adapter Lets you expand the Digital I O...

Page 42: ...Carrying case Model 1050 padded carrying case A carrying case for a SourceMeter Includes han dles and a shoulder strap Product overview The SourceMeter combines a precise low noise highly stable DC p...

Page 43: ...om 10 10 in manual ohms to 21 1M Maximum source power is 66W NOTES The Models 2400 2410 2420 2425 2430 and 2440 are Y2K compliant Models with a C suffix have the Contact Check option See Appendix F So...

Page 44: ...he front panel of the SourceMeter is shown in Figure 1 1 The following abbreviated information should be reviewed before operating the instrument Figure 1 1 SourceMeter front panel Measurement MEAS fu...

Page 45: ...Cancels selection Use to back out of menu structures ENTER Accepts selection RANGE keys Moves to next higher range increments digit moves to next selection Moves to next lower range decrements digit...

Page 46: ...OCK DIGITAL I O Connector for digital output lines interlock and component handler signals Output enable on Model 2400 only Power module Contains the AC line receptacle and the power line fuse Trigger...

Page 47: ...ields barriers and grounding to prevent contact with conductors Operator protection and safety are the responsibility of the person installing the product When handling the SourceMeter NEVER touch the...

Page 48: ...velops while the instrument is under warranty return it to Kei thley Instruments Inc for repair If the instrument passes the self tests the model number and the firmware revision levels are displayed...

Page 49: ...ng the right arrow key select AD CTRL then press ENTER to display A D CONTROLS 3 Select LINE FREQ then press ENTER to display LINE FREQUENCY 4 Place the cursor on 50Hz 60Hz or AUTO and press ENTER 5 P...

Page 50: ...Table 1 2 4 Push the fuse drawer back into the power module Cooling fan The Models 2410 2420 2425 2430 and 2440 use a cooling fan to help keep them from overheating The Model 2400 does not have a cool...

Page 51: ...m left display is used for the pro grammed source value Vsrc or Isrc and the bottom right display is used for the pro grammed compliance Cmpl limit Reading information can be displayed using either en...

Page 52: ...eft display The TOGGLE key is also used to display statistical data on readings stored in the data store This function is performed from the data store RECALL mode NOTE If FCTN REL or Limits is enable...

Page 53: ...Saving and restoring user setups You can save and restore up to five of your own user setups as covered below This feature provides a convenient way to save specific instrument configurations and the...

Page 54: ...efault settings As summarized in Table 1 4 there are two sets of factory defaults BENCH front panel and GPIB remote You can restore either of these default conditions as follows 1 Press the MENU key s...

Page 55: ...its Lim 2 3 5 12 Control Disabled Low limit 1 0 Low pattern 15 High limit 1 0 High pattern 15 Pass all tests Pass pattern 15 Source memory location Next EOT mode EOT Numbers No effect Ohms source mode...

Page 56: ...eed Normal 1 PLC Sweep Linear staircase Start 0V or 0A Stop 0V or 0A Step 0V or 0A Sweep count 1 Sweep Pts 2500 Source ranging Best fixed Voltage protection NONE Triggered source Control Disabled Scal...

Page 57: ...he beeper The overall Main Menu structure is summarized in Table 1 5 Use the Rules to navigate menus to check and or change Main Menu options Figure 1 3 shows the main menu tree Table 1 5 Main menu Me...

Page 58: ...bits Select parity Select terminator Select flow control Calibrate SourceMeter See Service Manual Unlock calibration Execute calibration steps Display cal dates and count Save calibration constants Lo...

Page 59: ...same speed with the output on or off OUTPUT ON fan runs at low speed with the output off See Cooling fan page 1 13 Select engineering units or scientific notation display format Enable or disable bee...

Page 60: ...T SOURCE MEMORY SAVE RESTORE COMMUNICATION GPIB RS 232 BITS PARITY TERMINATOR FLOW CTRL CAL UNLOCK EXECUTE VIEW DATES SAVE LOCK CHANGE PASSWORD TEST DISPLAY TESTS BAUD KEYS DISPLAY PATTERNS CHAR SET A...

Page 61: ...ed and using one of the following methods NOTE You can clear a parameter value by pressing the MENU key Use the SOURCE or or RANGE or keys to increment or decrement the digit Use the number keys 0 thr...

Page 62: ...Note that the source or compliance value will be updated immediately you need not press ENTER to complete the process 4 To enter the source or compliance value directly simply key in the desired value...

Page 63: ...he buffer is enabled The display will automatically re enable after the storage process is completed Note that with this option the display will disable while performing a sweep Sweep readings are aut...

Page 64: ...EV Configure V measure 2 wire mode local sensing 4 wire mode remote sensing Enable ON or disable OFF measure and compli ance range synchronization Configure I measure Enable ON or disable OFF measure...

Page 65: ...e Select voltage protection Select 2 wire or 4 wire sensing Local sensing Remote sensing Select ohms or cable guarding Program delay between source and measure Enable disable auto delay Control trigge...

Page 66: ...multiple SourceMeter program soak time Table 1 8 Rel filter and limit configuration menus Configuration menu item Description CONFIG REL CONFIG FILTER CONFIGURE FILTERING AVERAGE MODE MOVING REPEAT A...

Page 67: ...trol and set fail mode for Limit 1 compliance test Control Limit 1 test Disable Limit 1 test Enable Limit 1 test Select Limit 1 fail mode Fail when in compliance program bit pattern Fail when out of c...

Page 68: ...Bypass event detection once Never bypass event detection When Digital I O SOT line is pulsed high Bypass event detection once Never bypass event detection When Digital I O SOT line is pulsed high or...

Page 69: ...ART STOP STEP Log sweep program START STOP POINTS Custom sweep program parameters Program number of sweep points Set individual point values Set first point value Source memory sweep set parameters Se...

Page 70: ...OW NEVER SWEEP STORE Configure output Enable disable interlock Disable interlock Enable interlock Set up output off state High impedance off state Normal off state Zero off state Guard mode off state...

Page 71: ...T STOP STEP Log sweep program START STOP POINTS Custom sweep program parameters Program number of sweep points Set individual point values Set first point value Source memory sweep set parameters Set...

Page 72: ...Configure output Enable disable interlock Disable interlock Enable interlock Set up output off state High impedance off state Normal off state Zero off state Guard mode off state Enable disable auto o...

Page 73: ...1 36 Getting Started 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 74: ...ture interlock Connections to DUT Covers various methods for making connections to the DUT including 4 wire remote sensing 2 wire local sensing cable and ohms guard as well as sense and guard selectio...

Page 75: ...off OFF message displayed Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard terminals To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death NEVER make or break connections to the Sourc...

Page 76: ...tage differentials for the various SourceMeter models WARNING To prevent electric shock and or damage to the SourceMeter DO NOT exceed the maximum allowable voltage differentials shown in Figure 2 1 T...

Page 77: ...5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V GUARD GUARD SENSE INPUT OUTPUT 250V PEAK 1100V PEAK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO 1100V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V GUARD GUARD SENSE INPUT OUTPUT 250V PEAK 75V PEAK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO...

Page 78: ...can occur when the SourceMeter is operating in any mode where the output changes rapidly such as quick pulsed waveforms that can be generated using the ZERO AUTO OFF output state or fast pulse sweep...

Page 79: ...Voltage source and measure accuracy are optimized by using 4 wire remote sense connections When sourcing voltage 4 wire remote sensing ensures that the pro grammed voltage is delivered to the DUT Whe...

Page 80: ...nected when the output is turned on and 4 wire sensing is restored 2 wire local sensing 2 wire local sense connections can only be used if the error contributed by test lead IR drop is acceptable to...

Page 81: ...es noise and protects the user from a potentially hazardous voltage on the guard shield or plate See Section 6 Guard for details on using guard Note that the test fixture chassis is connected to In Ou...

Page 82: ...nts is shown in Figure 2 5A If the guard resistance path RG is 1k IR drop in the GUARD test lead could be high enough that the guard voltage at the resistor network is significantly less than the outp...

Page 83: ...S WITH FRONT PANEL MENU V GUARD GUARD SENSE RS232 INPUT OUTPUT 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU V GUARD GUARD SENSE WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICA CAUTION FOR...

Page 84: ...Changing sense in one configuration menu changes it in all of the others 2 For SOURCE V and use the and keys to place the cursor flashing menu item on SENSE MODE and press ENTER NOTE Cursor position i...

Page 85: ...the others 2 Using the and keys place the cursor flashing menu item on GUARD and press ENTER NOTE Cursor position indicates the present guard selection OHMS or CABLE To retain the present selection u...

Page 86: ...ure procedure Describes the basic procedure for setting up the SourceMeter for source measure operations including selecting the source function output values and compliance limits choosing measuremen...

Page 87: ...e the plastic feet and place the SourceMeter directly on a flat surface NEVER operate the SourceMeter when it is sitting on a conformable surface such as a carpet This could block the bot tom cooling...

Page 88: ...o 200M The Models 2420 2425 2430 and 2440 can make resistance measurements from 2 to 20M For the auto ohms measurement method the following ranges are available 2400 and 2410 20 200 2k 20k 200k 2M 20M...

Page 89: ...zero to full scale with less than 1 02mV of error Calculation error 0 01 x 0 2V 1mV 1 02mV Assuming a 0 to 1A change in current the output impedance equates to 1 02m 1 02mV 1A 1 02m This level can onl...

Page 90: ...21 1V 105 5V 10 55 A 105 5 A 1 055mA 10 55mA 105 5mA 1 055A Max Power 66W 2425 and 2430 Max Power DC Mode 110W 105V 1 05A 66W 21V 3 15A Pulse Mode 1 1kW 2430 only 2440 Range Source Measure 200mV 2V 1...

Page 91: ...1V 21V 210V 200mV 2V 20V 1000V 210mV 2 1V 21V 1 1kV 200mV 2V 20V 60V 210mV 2 1V 21V 63V 1 A 10 A 100 A 1mA 10mA 100mA 1A 1 05 A 10 5 A 105 A 1 05mA 10 5mA 105mA 1 05A 1 A 10 A 100 A 1mA 20mA 100mA 1A...

Page 92: ...e to follow the compliance range set ting when autoranging is off When the compliance value is set the measurement range will be on the same range as the compliance setting You can enable range synchr...

Page 93: ...current or voltage configuration A When sourcing current you can measure voltage or current configuration B See Section 6 Basic circuit configurations for more detailed information on these cir cuit c...

Page 94: ...ure changes across components within the instrument can cause the reference and zero values for the A D converter to drift due to thermo electric effects Auto zero acts to negate the effects of drift...

Page 95: ...one NOTE Auto zero should be disabled for maximum source memory sweep speed other wise the cache is of little use With auto zero enabled new A D reference and zero values are taken for every reading a...

Page 96: ...er can output Available settings are listed as follows These are absolute values with 5 tolerance The power on default is NONE NPLC cache conditions Time Auto Zero OFF Caching OFF Auto Zero ON Caching...

Page 97: ...ge PROTection command to program the V source protection value via remote See Section 18 Set voltage limit for details For example the follow ing command sets the protection value for the Model 2400 o...

Page 98: ...e delay Use the SOURce DELay or SOURce DELay AUTO commands to program the source delay via remote See Section 18 Set delay for details For example the following command sets the source delay to 500ms...

Page 99: ...lect the DC Mode from the source pulse configuration menu Press CONFIG SOURCE V or I select the SHAPE menu item then select DC Use the EXIT key to return to the normal display In the DC Mode Vsrc or I...

Page 100: ...value the source is updated immediately allowing you to adjust the source value while the output is on The source value cannot be changed while the SourceMeter is performing a sweep This occurs with...

Page 101: ...ve compliance range that will accommodate that value For the Models 2400 and 2410 the lowest compliance levels that can be set are 0 00100 A 1nA and 000 200mV 200 V For the Models 2420 2425 2430 and 2...

Page 102: ...ghest voltage measure ment range that can be selected is 2V Step 4 Turn output on Turn the output on by pressing the ON OFF OUTPUT key The OUTPUT indicator will turn on to indicate the output is on St...

Page 103: ...tion SOURce FUNCtion SHAPe DC SOURce FUNCtion MODE name SOURce CURRent MODE FIXed SOURce VOLTage MODE FIXed SOURce CURRent RANGe n SOURce VOLTage RANGe n SOURce CURRent LEVel n SOURce VOLTage LEVel n...

Page 104: ...source range level compliance Set measure function range Turn on output Read data Turn off output RST SOUR FUNC VOLT SOUR VOLT MODE FIXED SOUR VOLT RANG 20 SOUR VOLT LEV 10 SENS CURR PROT 10E 3 SENS...

Page 105: ...Meter as a voltmeter V Compliance must be set higher than the voltage that is being measured Failure to do this could result in instrument damage due to excessive current that will flow into the Sourc...

Page 106: ...functions Set source and compliance Select volts measure range Turn on output Read data Turn off output RST SOUR FUNC CURR SOUR CURR MODE FIXED SENS FUNC VOLT SOUR CURR RANG MIN SOUR CURR LEV 0 SENS...

Page 107: ...oundaries Battery charging discharging WARNING To prevent personal injury or damage to the SourceMeter do not attempt to charge non rechargeable batteries Some of the common batteries than can be char...

Page 108: ...SourceMeter to output a voltage that is equivalent to the voltage rating of the battery For example to charge a 10V battery set the SourceMeter to source 10V As the battery fully charges cur rent will...

Page 109: ...o This 0V compliance condition will cause excessive current to be drawn from the external battery or source See Section 13 Front panel output configuration to select the high impedance output off stat...

Page 110: ...the effects of offsets when making low resistance measurements Ohms source readback Covers enabling and disabling ohms source readback 6 wire ohms measurements Describes the basic procedure for settin...

Page 111: ...h is shown in Figure 4 1 Menu items include SOURCE Select AUTO or MANUAL source mode SENSE MODE Select 2 WIRE or 4 WIRE sense mode GUARD Choose OHMS or CABLE guard OFFSET COMPENSATION Enable or disabl...

Page 112: ...in auto ohms the SourceMeter will display an error message With the manual ohms mode you can select either source V or source I to make ohms measurements and the unit will automatically compute the re...

Page 113: ...to perform auto ohms measurements NOTE The following procedure assumes that the SourceMeter is already connected to the DUT as explained in Section 2 Connections WARNING To prevent electric shock do...

Page 114: ...t the SourceMeter is already connected to the DUT as explained in Section 2 WARNING To prevent electric shock do not make or break connections to the SourceMeter with the output on If on press the ON...

Page 115: ...abel i e mA for the displayed compliance setting is flashing If the Cmpl label is flashing real compliance has occurred The output is clamped at the displayed compliance value If the units label is fl...

Page 116: ...n in Figure 4 3 minimizes or eliminates the effects of lead resistance by measuring the voltage across the resistor under test with a second set of test leads Because of the high input impedance of th...

Page 117: ...sired then press ENTER 4 Press EXIT to return to normal display SourceMeter 4 wire Sense HI 4 wire Sense LO I Input Output HI VM VR Test Current I Resistance Under Test Lead Resistances RS RLEAD RLEAD...

Page 118: ...is the current measurement with the source set to a specific level I2 is the current measurement with the source set to zero For auto ohms the SourceMeter will select the appropriate current source l...

Page 119: ...of Section 3 Basic source measure proce dure for details 4 Turn the output on and observe the offset compensated ohms reading on the dis play Note that the source alternates between the programmed ou...

Page 120: ...Select DISABLE or ENABLE as desired then press ENTER 4 Press EXIT to return to normal display NOTE Readings in the compliance field will be invalid with source readback disabled 6 wire ohms measureme...

Page 121: ...aking basic ohms measurements See Section 18 for more details on these commands Table 4 2 Remote commands for basic ohms measurements Command Description SENSe FUNCtion RESistance SENSe RESistance RAN...

Page 122: ...Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 Select function Select ohms mode Select range Output on Get reading Output off RST FUNC RES RES MODE AUTO RES RANG 20E3 SYST RSEN ON FORM ELEM RES OUTP ON READ OUTP OFF Restore...

Page 123: ...4 14 Ohms Measurements 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 124: ...measure range Pulse Mode configuration Explains how to select and configure the fundamen tal aspects of Pulse Mode operation Basic Pulse Mode operation Provides the basic front panel procedure for pul...

Page 125: ...ive While in the fixed source mode the output will alternate between the set pulse level and zero 0V or 0A When per forming a sweep the output will alternate between each sweep step point and zero See...

Page 126: ...ong as 5msec The output off time can be as short as 1 1msec or as long as 10 000sec Figure 5 2 shows the components that make up the pulse width and the output off time NOTE See the Model 2430 specifi...

Page 127: ...ent Meas Sig is a component of the pulse width while the reference and zero measurements Meas Ref Zero are components of the off time The measurement process is split up this way to allow the shortest...

Page 128: ...is 60 sec For example if the result of the delay cal culation is 33 sec the delay will be set to 60 sec Resolution for setting pulse width delay is 10 sec Output off time Reference and zero measuremen...

Page 129: ...e can range from 1 to 83 5 Fast pulse output The fastest pulses are achieved by configuring the SourceMeter for the shortest pulse width and shortest output off time This is accomplished by setting th...

Page 130: ...g auto zero off With auto zero disabled zero drift will eventually corrupt the accuracy of the pulse mea surement To re establish an accurate pulse measurement enable auto zero or change the speed set...

Page 131: ...d pulse on and off times The amount of jitter that can occur depends on how the SourceMeter is set up For the least amount of jitter 5 sec for pulse on time turn off the display See Section 1 Disablin...

Page 132: ...sumption is low enough to allow the capacitors to recharge before the next pulse is due This fast recharge process allows the configured pulse period to be consistent jitter free On the 10A range sour...

Page 133: ...the Pulse Mode is selected the available NPLC values become accessible to set pulse measurement speed 1 Press SPEED to display the pulse speed menu 2 Select the speed setting 0 004 to 0 100 and press...

Page 134: ...trigger count value and press ENTER 5 Use the EXIT key to back out of the menu Disable enable auto zero Pulse speed can be increased by disabling auto zero However zero drift will eventually corrupt t...

Page 135: ...APE menu item select PULSE and press ENTER Pulse width and pulse delay can then be set from the PULSE WIDTH and DELAY items of the menu When finished press EXIT to return to the normal display For det...

Page 136: ...NOTE Details on setting source pulse and compliance levels are provided in Step 2 of Section 3 Front panel source measure procedure Step 6 Select measurement function and range Select the desired meas...

Page 137: ...ack Auto and Manual pulse ohms measurements While in the Pulse Mode the Model 2430 can perform auto or manual ohms measure ments After selecting and configuring the Pulse Mode as explained in this sec...

Page 138: ...Select source function name VOLTage or CURRent Select fixed sourcing mode for I source Select fixed sourcing mode for V source Select I source range n range Select V source range n range Set I source...

Page 139: ...tion Commands2 3 Comments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Select Pulse Mode and set pulse width and pulse delay Set pulse measurement speed Set pulse count Select source Set source range level compliance Set measure fu...

Page 140: ...function can be measured for each pulse The SENSe FUNCtion CONCurrent b command which enables disables concurrent measurements causes error 831 Invalid in Pulse Mode The SENSe FUNCtion ON ALL command...

Page 141: ...and measure operations The delay period can be manually set or auto delay can be used With auto delay the delay is automatically set according to function and range See Section 3 Operation considerat...

Page 142: ...and or delay operations but they will not occur in Pulse Mode For remote operation the TRIGger OUTPut event list command is used to control the output trigger To enable the output trigger use the SENS...

Page 143: ...use INITiate to start the pulse pro cess you should then use FETCh to acquire readings The pulse process can be stopped at any time by sending the ABORt command Sending OUTPut 1 STATe ON will also se...

Page 144: ...easure cycle as well as sweep waveforms Operating boundaries Covers voltage and current operating boundaries for source and sink operation I source and V source and source measure modes Basic circuit...

Page 145: ...of compliance real and range Depending upon which value is lower the output will clamp at either the displayed compliance setting real compliance or at the maximum possible compliance value for the fi...

Page 146: ...00mA 1A 1 05 A 10 5 A 105 A 1 05mA 10 5mA 105mA 1 05A 1 A 10 A 100 A 1mA 20mA 100mA 1A 1 05 A 10 5 A 105 A 1 05mA 21mA 105mA 1 05A 10 A 100 A 1mA 10mA 100mA 1A 3A 10 5 A 105 A 1 05mA 10 5mA 105mA 1 05...

Page 147: ...ined value compli ance setting or the measurement range range compliance since the unit will not output more than it is configured to measure Passive load compliance example As an example assume the f...

Page 148: ...surement range is the compliance limit Table 6 2 provides examples Model 2400 for determining the actual compliance limit For the first three entries in the table the compliance setting is 150V On the...

Page 149: ...be able to turn the output back on until the SourceMeter cools down NOTE Models 2420 2425 2430 and 2440 The cooling fan will run at high speed while in the overheated state CAUTION Models 2420 2425 2...

Page 150: ...sured current in amps VOUT SourceMeter measured voltage in volts DC Duty cycle 0 to 1 i e 50 0 5 TAMB Ambient temperature 0 to 50 C For sink operation IOUT or VOUT but not both must be a negative numb...

Page 151: ...C TAMB 150 and 30 IOUT 42 DC 1 2 TAMB 120 Model 2420 SourceMeter There are two equations for each of the high power voltage ranges 20V and 60V Both of the equations for the selected voltage range must...

Page 152: ...AMB 100 and 30 IOUT 40 DC 0 35 TAMB 85 100V range power equations 100 IOUT VOUT IOUT 0 7 DC TAMB 100 and 30 IOUT 125 DC 0 35 TAMB 85 Model 2440 SourceMeter There are two equations for each of the high...

Page 153: ...i mate 100 sec trigger latency occurs before the programmed source level is output As long as the source output stays on trigger latency will not be included in subsequent SDM cycles Trigger latency o...

Page 154: ...trial and error For purely resistive loads and at higher current levels the pro grammable delay can be set to 0msec The measure time depends on the selected measurement speed For example if speed is...

Page 155: ...Pulse Mode of the Model 2430 to perform sweeps source delay is not used Pulse Mode operation is covered in Section 5 Also see Section 10 for information on Pulse Mode sweeps Typical applications for s...

Page 156: ...eform types Bias Start Stop Bias Start Stop 0 1 1 10 100 Bias First Point Last Point A Linear Staircase Sweep B Logarithmic Staircase Sweep Logarithmic scale shown for staircase steps C Custom Sweep 1...

Page 157: ...ource the SourceMeter is delivering power to a load When operating in the second II or fourth IV quadrant the SourceMeter is operating as a sink V and I have opposite polarity As a sink it is dissipat...

Page 158: ...ceMeter causing the output to turn off See Overheating protection page 6 6 and Power equa tions to avoid shutdown page 6 7 for details The heavy solid lines show the limits for continuous output opera...

Page 159: ...to turn off See Overheating protection page 6 6 and Power equa tions to avoid shutdown page 6 7 for details The heavy solid lines show the limits for continuous output operation Note that in quad rant...

Page 160: ...e 6 6 and Power equa tions to avoid shutdown page 6 7 for details The heavy solid lines show the limits for continuous output operation Note that in quad rants II and IV sink operation the limits for...

Page 161: ...or the 3A and 1A ranges are derated as follows 3A Range Limits linearly derated from 3A 0V to 2A 20V 3A 0V to 2A 20V 1A Range Limits linearly derated from 1A 0V to 0 5A 100V 1A 0V to 0 5A 100V If the...

Page 162: ...Duty Cycle III Source V V I IV Sink II Sink I Source 20V 20V 3A 2A 1A 1A 3A 2A 0 5A 0 5A 100V 100V 10A 6A 6A 10A 100V 100V 8 Duty Cycle 5 Duty Cycle I I V V A Model 2425 and Model 2430 DC Mode B Model...

Page 163: ...6 and Power equa tions to avoid shutdown page 6 7 for details The heavy solid lines show the limits for continuous output operation Note that in quad rants II and IV sink operation the limits for the...

Page 164: ...21mA voltage is limited to 21V 2420 Figure 6 9C shows the output characteristics for the Model 2420 I Source As shown the SourceMeter can output up to 1 05A at 63V or 3 15A at 21V Note that when sourc...

Page 165: ...odel 2400 Source I Limit V 1100V 21V 21mA 1 05A B Model 2410 Source I Limit V 63V 21V 1 05A 3 15A C Model 2420 Source I Limit V 21V 1 05A 3 15A D Models 2425 and 2430 10 5A Model 2430 Pulse Mode DC Mo...

Page 166: ...esents the actual compliance that is in effect Remember that compliance can be real or range see Compliance limit page 6 2 These limit lines are boundaries that represent the operating limits of the S...

Page 167: ...ns if the resistance of the load is increased to 800 The DUT load line for 800 intersects the voltage compliance limit line placing the SourceMeter in compliance In compliance the SourceMeter will not...

Page 168: ...ource IS V Meter VM 20V 40V 100mA 200 DUT Load Line R VM IS R 100mA 200 20V A Normal I Source Operation Voltage Limit Load Line Operating Point Current Source Load Line I Source IS V Meter VM 40V 100m...

Page 169: ...s limited to 21mA 2420 Figure 6 12C shows the output characteristics for the Model 2420 V Source As shown the SourceMeter can output up to 21V at 3 15A or 63V at 1 05A Note that when sourcing more tha...

Page 170: ...1V 21mA 1 05A B Model 2410 63V 21V 1 05A 3 15A C Model 2420 21V 1 05A 3 15A D Models 2425 and 2430 10 5A Model 2430 Pulse Mode DC Mode 105V Limit I Limit I Limit I Limit I Source V Source V Source V S...

Page 171: ...ely For these examples the SourceMeter is programmed to source 50V and limit 50mA In Figure 6 14A the SourceMeter is sourcing 100V to the 2k load and subsequently measures 25mA As shown the load line...

Page 172: ...V Source VS I Meter IM 25mA 50mA 50V 2k DUT Load Line R IM VS R 50V 2k 25mA A Normal V source operation Current Limit Load Line Operating Point Voltage Source Load Line V Source VS I Meter IM 50mA 50V...

Page 173: ...reached Thus measuring the source lets you measure the actual output voltage With the use of the TOGGLE key you can display the measurement of any two of the three functions volts amps and ohms concur...

Page 174: ...oltage can be measured directly at the DUT using the Sense ter minals This eliminates any voltage drops that may be in the test leads or connections between the SourceMeter and the DUT NOTE The curren...

Page 175: ...sing the sense terminals and compares it to the programmed voltage level If the sensed level and the programmed value are not the same the V Source is adjusted accordingly Remote sense eliminates the...

Page 176: ...ge to the I Source set the output off state to the high impedance mode See Section 13 Output off states In Figure 6 17B the SourceMeter is configured to measure current only by setting it to source 0V...

Page 177: ...ple of non parasitic resistance is the leakage path through a resistor that is connected in parallel to the DUT There are two programmable output impedance levels for the guard output The high impedan...

Page 178: ...abling with guard the CABLE guard setting must be used to prevent oscillations CABLE guard is the factory default setting Ohms guard The OHMS guard selection provides a low impedance 1 high current up...

Page 179: ...DUT current IL Leakage current IN OUT HI I Meter IN OUT LO V Source A Unguarded ID DUT Metal Mounting Plate RL1 Insulator IM ID IN OUT HI I Meter IN OUT LO V Source Note Cable guard selected x1 GUARD...

Page 180: ...I A Unguarded SourceMeter R3 10k V Meter I Source B Guarded x1 IG IG VM R3 R2 10k R1 20k Resistor Network IN OUT LO IN OUT HI Note Ohms guard selected R3 10k V Meter I Source R2 10k R1 20k Resistor Ne...

Page 181: ...sistance measurement of R1 The guard test lead IR drop is compensated for by connecting GUARD SENSE as shown in Figure 6 20B Sensing allows the guard voltage to be sensed measured at the resistor netw...

Page 182: ...UARD Ohms mode B Remote Guard Sense A Local Guard Sense RTL SourceMeter 1 Test lead resistance IG IN OUT LO IN OUT HI R3 100 R2 10k R1 20k IL GUARD Ohms mode RTL 1 IG IN OUT LO IN OUT HI R3 100 R2 10k...

Page 183: ...dings is also available upon recall Figure 6 21B shows data flow when Math or Limit Tests is enabled If Math is enabled the result of the math operation is displayed If Limit Tests is enabled the raw...

Page 184: ...urement Conversions Data Store V I Display Buffer and Statistics Readings Math FCTN or Limit Tests Display Math or Limits Results B Math FCTN or Limit Tests Enabled Measurement Conversions Data Store...

Page 185: ...anged to current the buffer will store the current readings If you started with MATH REL and or LIMITS enabled the buffer will stop stor ing readings if you change the basic measurement function Stora...

Page 186: ...select a MATH function Storage will continue if you return to the orig inal configuration See Section 8 for more information on MATH Changing REL or LIMITS If you started with only a basic measurement...

Page 187: ...6 44 Source Measure Concepts 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 188: ...d display resolution Speed Discusses speed settings which are used to control the integration period of the A D converter Filters Provides information on the two types of digital filtering that can be...

Page 189: ...or cur rent measurement range Input levels that exceed the maximum levels cause the OVERFLOW message to be dis played while 9 91E 37 will be returned via remote Ranging limitations When sourcing volta...

Page 190: ...e measurement range that can be selected is 2V Manual ranging For the Source V Measure I Source I Measure V and Ohms configurations the RANGE and keys are used to select a fixed range Note that the hi...

Page 191: ...rements when several down range change cycles from the higher ranges are required The soak time takes the place of the delay time only during the delay phase of the first SDM cycle after an initial sw...

Page 192: ...solution of the measured reading depends on the DIGITS setting This set ting is global which means the digits setting selects display resolution for all measure ment functions The DIGITS setting has n...

Page 193: ...anual amps range n range Enable disable auto amps range state ON or OFF Select manual volts measure range n range Enable disable auto volts range state ON or OFF Select manual ohms range n range Enabl...

Page 194: ...se signal between the HI and LO input terminals while common mode noise is the noise signal between LO and chassis ground See Appendix A for NMRR and CMRR specifications Setting speed Speed is set fro...

Page 195: ...that setting the speed for one function affects the speed for the other functions However the speed setting is stored in source memory and you can use this feature to change speed during a sweep See...

Page 196: ...measurement conversions are averaged yielding a reading For each subsequent conversion placed into the stack the oldest conversion is discarded The stack is re averaged yielding a new reading When the...

Page 197: ...TER to display the menu AVERAGING MODE Use this menu item to select filter type MOVING or REPEAT AVERAGE COUNT Use this menu item to specify filter count 1 to 100 readings NOTE The configured filter i...

Page 198: ...1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Conversion 1 Reading 1 A Type Moving Average Readings 10 Conversion 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Conversion 1 Reading 2 Conversion 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Conversion 1 Reading 3 Conversion 10 9 8 7 6 5...

Page 199: ...r for more details Table 7 4 Filter commands Command Description SENSe AVERage TCONtrol type SENSe AVERage COUNt n SENSe AVERage state Select filter type type REPeat or MOVing Set filter count n count...

Page 200: ...lter aspects as follows Filter type moving Filter count 20 Filter state on Table 7 5 Filter programming example Command Description RST SENS AVER TCON MOV SENS AVER COUN 20 SENS AVER ON Restore RST de...

Page 201: ...7 14 Range Digits Speed and Filters 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 202: ...ract a baseline value from readings Math operations Provides detailed information on the following math FCTN operations power offset compensated ohms varistor alpha voltage coefficient and percent dev...

Page 203: ...ill overflows for a 21 1V input NOTE When rel is enabled the REL annunciator turns on Changing measurement functions disables rel Front panel rel Enabling and disabling rel Rel can be used to null out...

Page 204: ...Meter as follows Rel value 5 Rel state enabled Table 8 1 Rel commands Command Description CALCulate2 NULL OFFSet n CALCulate2 NULL STATe state CALCulate2 NULL ACQuire Define null rel value n rel value...

Page 205: ...ere V measured voltage I measured current Note that power is displayed in watts with W in the units field of the display Offset compensated ohms The presence of thermal EMFs VEMF can adversely affect...

Page 206: ...first I Source point V2 is the voltage measurement at the second I Source point The log x function uses the absolute value of x When configuring this math function you will be prompted to enter the tw...

Page 207: ...eference REF value to 1 000000 k then press ENTER c Set the high tolerance HI TOL to 01 00 then press ENTER d Set the low tolerance LO TOL to 01 00 then press ENTER 3 Turn the output on The measured r...

Page 208: ...Note that with FCTN enabled the sweep for a 2 point math expression runs continuously Each sweep updates the reading The source value cannot be changed while the 2 point sweep is running However the r...

Page 209: ...Source Delay 1sec Start voltage 10V Stop voltage 50V Math Expression voltage coefficient Table 8 4 Voltage coefficient programming example Command Description RST SENS FUNC ON ALL SENS RES MODE MAN SO...

Page 210: ...lculation result using CALC MATH UNIT Units is stored for the calculation 2 Assign a name to the expression using up to 10 ASCII characters using the CALC MATH NAME user name command 3 Define the expr...

Page 211: ...name name user name Define math formula form formula Valid names VOLTage CURRent RESistance TIME Valid math operators log ln sin cos tan exp Enable disable math state ON or OFF Query math data Table 8...

Page 212: ...atistics Discusses the various statistics available on buffer data includ ing minimum and maximum values average mean standard deviation and peak to peak values Timestamp format Explains how to select...

Page 213: ...the SOURCE and or RANGE and keys to specify the number of readings to store in the buffer 4 Press ENTER The asterisk annunciator turns on to indicate data storage opera tion It will turn off when the...

Page 214: ...he appropriate digit and press the desired number key The cursor then moves right to the next least significant digit For example to display reading 0236 position the cursor all the way to the left MS...

Page 215: ...ed reading n is the number of stored readings Timestamp format Buffer readings can be recalled using the absolute timestamp format or the delta format For the absolute format readings are referenced t...

Page 216: ...stored and accessed using the method described earlier in this section Over the bus however there are actually two sep arate 2500 reading buffers for a total of 5000 readings The TRACe buffer is a 250...

Page 217: ...d contents of buffer Clear buffer Read buffer memory status Specify buffer size n buffer size Query number of stored readings Specify reading source Name SENSe 1 raw readings CALCulate 1 Calc1 reading...

Page 218: ...ails on the status structure Table 9 2 Data store example Command Description RST SOUR VOLT 10 TRAC FEED SENS TRAC POIN 10 TRAC FEED CONT NEXT TRIG COUN 10 OUTP ON INIT TRACE DATA CALC3 FORM MEAN CALC...

Page 219: ...9 8 Data Store 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 220: ...nd running a sweep Discusses the procedure for setting up and performing sweeps including selecting and configuring a sweep setting the delay and performing a sweep Pulse Mode sweeps Model 2430 only C...

Page 221: ...staircase sweep As shown in Figure 10 1 this sweep steps from a start source value to an ending stop source value Programmable parameters include the start stop and step source levels When this sweep...

Page 222: ...ion 10 3 Figure 10 1 Linear staircase sweep Delay Delay Delay Delay Start Bias Stop Step Step Step Measure Measure Measure Measure X Measurement point X X X X Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrume...

Page 223: ...int log sweep from 1 to 10V As with the staircase sweep the delay period is the same for all steps Figure 10 2 Logarithmic staircase sweep example 5 point sweep from 1 to 10 volts Delay Delay Delay De...

Page 224: ...to perform the measurement NPLC setting Custom sweep This sweep type lets you configure a customized sweep Programmable parameters include the number of measurement points in the sweep and the source...

Page 225: ...d for this sweep three at 1V and three at 0V Figure 10 3 Custom pulse sweep Figure 10 4 shows a custom sweep example with different pulse widths In this example the first two points are configured wit...

Page 226: ...hing for details Sweep configuration The user specifies the number of memory location points to sweep and where to start the sweep For example you can specify a six point sweep that starts at memory l...

Page 227: ...y the MAIN MENU 2 Select SAVESETUP then press ENTER 3 Choose SOURCE MEMORY then press ENTER 4 Select RESTORE then press ENTER 5 Select the source memory location to restore 1 100 then press ENTER Savi...

Page 228: ...ssion CALC2 input path REL value REL on off Limit 1 on off Limit 1 fail conditions SENSe 1 CURRent NPLCycles SENSe 1 RESistance NPLCycles SENSe 1 VOLTage NPLCycles SENSe 1 FUNCtion CONCurrent SENSe 1...

Page 229: ...ep branching example In this case the unit is pro grammed to branch to location 7 when a pass conditions occurs at location 3 Figure 10 5 Six point test branching example Mode Remote command Limit 1 b...

Page 230: ...component handler Installing the diode one way forward biases it and installing it the other way reverse biases it Memory sweep branching can eliminate this installation problem If for example your t...

Page 231: ...il status of the test Leakage Current Test IR The leakage test verifies the low level of current that leaks across the diode under reverse voltage conditions A specified reverse voltage is sourced the...

Page 232: ...tored in the buffer SML 003 Reverse Breakdown Test Source I Measure V Limit 2 test Min max limits for voltage reading Summary The voltage measurement and the result of the test pass or fail is stored...

Page 233: ...enu Press CONFIG then SWEEP to display the sweep configuration menu TYPE Use this menu item to select the type of sweep STAIR When the linear staircase sweep is selected you will be prompted to enter...

Page 234: ...UTO RANGE With this option the SourceMeter will select the most sen sitive source range for each source level in the sweep For example for a 1V source level the 2V source range will be used and for a...

Page 235: ...ger delay is executed before each new source point in the sweep See Section 11 Trigger models and Configuring triggering to set trigger delay NOTE For linear staircase log staircase and custom sweeps...

Page 236: ...lect the desired measurement function then choose the desired measurement range See Section 3 Basic Source Measure Operation for more information The source level you set becomes the bias level for th...

Page 237: ...the buffer Use the TOGGLE to display statistical information See Section 9 Data Store Performing a log staircase sweep Step 1 Configure source measure functions Configure the SourceMeter for the desir...

Page 238: ...ress the SWEEP key After the sweep is completed turn the output off by pressing the ON OFF OUTPUT key Step 6 Read buffer Use the RECALL key to access the source measure readings stored in the buffer U...

Page 239: ...G then SOURCE V or SOURCE I depending on the selected source function 2 Select DELAY then press ENTER 3 Set the delay to the desired value then press ENTER 4 Press EXIT to return to normal display Ste...

Page 240: ...then SWEEP 2 Select TYPE then press ENTER 3 Select SRC MEMORY then press ENTER 4 Use the menu selections to enter the desired START memory location and POINTS for the source memory sweep 5 From the CO...

Page 241: ...STEP n SOURce CURRent CENTer n SOURce CURRent SPAN n SOURce VOLTage MODE SWEep SOURce VOLTage STARt n SOURce VOLTage STOP n SOURce VOLTage STEP n SOURce VOLTage CENTer n SOURce VOLTage SPAN n SOURce...

Page 242: ...These connections are required to properly for ward bias the diode for the purposes of the test The test connections could also be reversed by using negative sweep voltage parameters Figure 10 8 Conn...

Page 243: ...ts 2 100ms source delay Turn on source output Trigger sweep request data 1 This command should normally be sent after START STOP and STEP to avoid delays caused by rebuilding sweep when each command i...

Page 244: ...ion RST SENS FUNC CONC OFF SOUR FUNC VOLT SENS FUNC CURR DC SENS CURR PROT 0 1 SOUR VOLT MODE LIST SOUR LIST VOLT 7 1 3 8 2 TRIG COUN 5 SOUR DEL 0 1 OUTP ON READ Restore GPIB default conditions Turn o...

Page 245: ...ion RST SENS FUNC CONC OFF SOUR FUNC MEM SOUR MEM POIN 3 SOUR MEM STAR 1 SOUR FUNC VOLT SENS FUNC CURR DC SOUR VOLT 10 SOUR MEM SAVE 1 SOUR FUNC CURR SENS FUNC VOLT DC SOUR CURR 100E 3 SOUR MEM SAVE 2...

Page 246: ...20mA to 30mA Location 3 30mA to 40mA Attribute VB_Name Headers Option Explicit Public Sub RunSourceMemory Dim intGPIB As Integer Dim strAnswer As String intGPIB 24 Primary address 24 Call OutputCmd i...

Page 247: ...Binning Control to End Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 CLIM PASS SML NEXT Set SML Pass Location Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 CLIM FAIL SML 100 Set SML Fail Location Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR MEM SAVE 1...

Page 248: ...CALC2 CLIM FAIL SML 100 Set SML Fail Location Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR MEM SAVE 2 Save in Source Memory Location 2 Setup Source Memory Location 3 Call OutputCmd intGPIB RST Restore GPIB default con...

Page 249: ...tGPIB SOUR MEM SAVE 3 Save in source memory location 3 Setup Source Memory Location 100 Dummy Location Turn off everything to increase speed Using a Dummy Location allows the Source Memory Sweep to st...

Page 250: ...EM Source Memory sweep Mode Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR MEM POIN 3 Number of Memory Points 3 Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR MEM STAR 1 Start Memory Loca tion 1 Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR2 CLE AUTO ON SO...

Page 251: ...sweep operation the time duration spent on each step consists of the set source delay and the time it takes to perform the measurement For the Pulse Mode source delay is not used The pulse width cons...

Page 252: ...Refer to Section 5 Pulse Mode configuration to select the Pulse Mode and set the pulse parameters Step 2 Set compliance limit and select measurement function and range Configure the Model 2430 for th...

Page 253: ...VOLT MODE SWE READ Restore GPIB default conditions Select Pulse Mode 5ms pulse width 3ms pulse delay Measure speed 0 1 PLC 1 Pulse count sweep points 2 Volts source function 1 Current sense function 1...

Page 254: ...nd summarizes trigger commands Trigger link Discusses the trigger link including input triggers and output triggers Triggering examples Shows examples for front panel triggering external trig gering w...

Page 255: ...The trigger model consists of two layers Arm Layer and Trigger Layer to provide versa tility Programmable counters allow operations to be repeated and various input and out put trigger options are ava...

Page 256: ...o Trigger Counter Arm Counter Arm Layer Trigger Layer Bench Default Output Trigger Trigger In Source CONV CONV CONV Filter Process Repeat CONV Reading Conversion MEASURE Action Bypass Source Event Det...

Page 257: ...to again occur immediately MANUAL Event detection occurs when the TRIG key is pressed TLINK Event detection occurs when an input trigger via the Trigger Link input line is received See Trigger link la...

Page 258: ...hold up Operation will continue and perform the Source action With the Trigger Link Trigger In Source selected operation will go around the Source Event Detector as shown in Figure 11 1 by setting th...

Page 259: ...nt the maximum trigger count is 2500 NOTE When a sweep is configured the trigger model settings will not change until the sweep is started After the sweep is finished the trigger model will reset to t...

Page 260: ...easure applica tions Typically it allows you to perform a specified number of measurements at various source levels For example assume you want to perform three measurements each at two different V so...

Page 261: ...curs when the TRIG key is pressed TLINK After selecting this arm event you will be prompted to select the input line for the Trigger Link and the state of the event detection bypass With ONCE selected...

Page 262: ...lect the input line 1 2 3 or 4 for the Trigger Link EVENT DETECT BYPASS Set the bypass for the Source Event Detector With ONCE operation will loop around the Source Event Detector With NEVER selected...

Page 263: ...the idle state HALT does not turn off the output The programmed source level will still be available at the OUTPUT ter minals The following actions will take the SourceMeter out of idle Turn the outp...

Page 264: ...nters allow operations to be repeated and various input and out put trigger options are available to provide source measure synchronization between the SourceMeter and other instruments via the Trigge...

Page 265: ...OURce ACCeptor TRIGger INPut SOURce TRIGger DELay n SOURce TRIGger OUTPut SOURce DELay n AUTO DELay TRIGger OUTPut TRIGger OUTPut SENSe TRIGger INPut TRIGger INPut SENSe DELay TRIGger COUNt n ARM OUTP...

Page 266: ...tector Arm layer Event Detector Bypass As shown in Figure 11 3 there is a bypass ARM DIRection for the Arm Event Detector This bypass can only be used if TLINk NSTest PSTest or BSTest is the selected...

Page 267: ...ector bypass As shown in Figure 11 3 there is a bypass TRIGger DIRection for the Source Event Detector This bypass is in effect only if TLINk is the selected Trigger In Source With this event detector...

Page 268: ...elay enabled the SourceMeter automatically selects a nominal delay period based on the selected function and range NOTE In the SYSTem RCMode MULTiple mode the soak time programmed with SOURce 1 SOAK t...

Page 269: ...is used to trigger another instrument to perform an operation The default is no output triggers See Trigger link later in this section for more information Trigger layer output triggers The SourceMet...

Page 270: ...to perform a specified number of measurements at various source levels For example assume you want to perform three measurements each at two different V source levels 1V and 2V To do this set the arm...

Page 271: ...MMediate TLINk TIMer MANual BUS NSTest PSTest or BSTest Set arm layer timer interval n interval Control arm bypass Name SOURce or ACCeptor Select arm layer input line NRf input line Select arm layer o...

Page 272: ...uirements An input trigger is used to satisfy event detection for a trigger model layer that is config ured for the TRIGGER LINK event See Trigger models page 11 30 The input requires a falling edge T...

Page 273: ...ut pulse specifications Triggering examples Front panel trigger example As an example of how to program the instrument for front panel trigger operation assume the trigger parameters below Figure 11 8...

Page 274: ...then press ENTER 14 Using cursor and RANGE keys set the SOURCE and MEAS events to ON then press ENTER 15 Press EXIT to return to the CONFIGURE TRIG LAYER menu 16 Select DELAY then press ENTER 17 Usin...

Page 275: ...le 0 1 sec Trigger Delay Idle SOURCE Action DELAY Action MEASURE Action Manual Arm In Event Arm Count 2 Trigger Count 10 Arm Event Detector Idle Yes No Yes No Arm Layer Trigger Layer TLink Trigger Out...

Page 276: ...tiplexer card in a Model 7001 7002 Switch System Figure 11 9 DUT test system SourceMeter 1 DUT 1 2 DUT 2 10 DUT 10 OUTPUT Card 1 7011 MUX Card SourceMeter 250V PEAK 5V PEAK HI LO OUTPUT 250V PEAK 250V...

Page 277: ...CTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN USA 7001 or 7002 Switch System SourceMeter Trigger Link Trigger Link Cable 8501 OUT WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PAR...

Page 278: ...three times to return to CONFIGURE TRIG LAYER menu 5 Set trigger output line to 1 Select TRIGGER OUT then press ENTER Select LINE then press ENTER Select 1 then press ENTER 6 Set trigger out events t...

Page 279: ...TER Select TRIGLINK then press ENTER Select ASYNCHRO NOUS then press ENTER Press ENTER ENTER then EXIT EXIT EXIT to leave the CONFIGURE SCAN menu Operation The basic operating procedure for this examp...

Page 280: ...rogrammed to scan 10 channels operation loops back to point B where it waits for an input trigger E and F With the SourceMeter operation at point A the output trigger pulse from the Model 7001 2 trigg...

Page 281: ...o trigger the unit after which it cycles 10 times through the trigger layer A second TRG is required to trigger the unit the second time and it then completes the second cycle through the trigger laye...

Page 282: ...le 0 1 sec Trigger Delay Idle SOURCE Action DELAY Action SENSE Action TRG Arm In Event Arm Count 2 Trigger Count 10 Arm Event Detector Idle Yes No Yes No Arm Layer Trigger Layer TLink Trigger Out TLin...

Page 283: ...d Pulse Mode Trigger models The front panel trigger model for the Pulse Mode is shown in Figure 11 13 while the trig ger model for remote operation is shown in Figure 11 14 These trigger models are si...

Page 284: ...Idle Another Arm Another Trigger Yes No Trigger Counter Arm Counter Arm Layer Trigger Layer Bench Default Output Trigger Trigger In Source Bypass Source Event Detector Arm Out Event On Off 1 1 0 0 sec...

Page 285: ...TRIGger OUTPut SENSe GPIB default parameter for TRIGger OUTPut is NONE TRIGger COUNt n 1 ARM OUTPut NONE TEXit ARM COUNt n INF 1 Note The following commands place the SourceMeter into idle DCL SDC AB...

Page 286: ...allows the pulse to be sourced as soon as the output is turned on Source action The source action turns on the output to source the pulse Pulse width The pulse width is the time duration that the out...

Page 287: ...ored TRIGGER IN EVENTS The source and delay event detectors are not used in the Pulse Mode Therefore the SOURCE and DELAY settings on off are ignored TRIGGER OUT EVENTS For the DC Mode source delay is...

Page 288: ...ems Details the handler interface as well as single element and multiple element binning and digital output clear pattern that occurs after a binning operation Configuring and performing limit tests D...

Page 289: ...t check option See Appendix F for details A test is only performed if it is enabled Thus you can perform one two or all 11 tests The tests are always performed in the order shown in the drawing Figure...

Page 290: ...s hardware H W test checks the compliance state of the SourceMeter It uses the pro grammed compliance as the test limit At or above the programmed limit the instrument is in compliance Below the limit...

Page 291: ...esting process for that DUT or DUT element is terminated A pass condition allows the testing process to proceed to the next enabled limit test With the grading mode selected each enable software test...

Page 292: ...ple the testing process will start when the component handler sends the start of test SOT strobe pulse to the SourceMeter Note that if a handler is not used testing will start when LIMIT is pressed Pr...

Page 293: ...ure action Display FAIL Display FAIL Binning Control Binning Control Binning Control First Failure First Failure First Failure End End End Yes Yes Yes Output Limit 1 Fail Pattern Immediate Output Limi...

Page 294: ...est failure determines the bin assignment See Figure 12 4 Using a sweep with end binning lets you test a device at different source levels For exam ple assume a 3 point list sweep at 1 1V 2 2V and 3 3...

Page 295: ...dler Fail condition When a failure occurs the FAIL message is displayed and also can be read via remote with CALC2 LIM n FAIL and operation proceeds to the Binning Control decision block Immediate bin...

Page 296: ...ion operation will proceed to the next enabled limit test If however there are no software limit tests Limit 2 3 5 12 enabled the testing process will terminate and the PASS message will be displayed...

Page 297: ...key Output Fail Pattern Test Another Device No Yes Stop Press LIMIT Wait for SOT Pulse from Handler Perform Source Measure Action Display PASS Display PASS Output Limit 1 Fail Pattern Output Limit 2...

Page 298: ...as well as input lines for start of test SOT and INT safety interlock signals The output lines are used to send the limit test pass fail signal s to the handler to perform the binning operation Figure...

Page 299: ...s on trigger model configuration When using the SOT line the handler will not pulse the line while it is in a not ready con dition When the handler is ready DUT properly positioned in the handler it p...

Page 300: ...ndler requires a high going pulse the four digital output lines of the SourceMeter must initially be set low The LO LO LO LO clear pattern represents the no action condi tion for the handler When one...

Page 301: ...nning Figure 12 7 shows a basic binning system for single element devices i e resistors After all programmed testing on the DUT is completed the pass fail digital output information is sent to the com...

Page 302: ...measurement is completed R1 is tested and the SourceMeter sends a trigger pulse to the switching mainframe causing Ch 1 to open and Ch 2 to close Assuming there is no failure a measurement is then pe...

Page 303: ...ng Mainframe Handler Trigger Link Scanner Card Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 Dig In Multi Element Device Package R1 R2 R3 In Out HI LO Trigger Link Dig I O SourceMeter Trigger layer configured to output trigger puls...

Page 304: ...he default auto clear pulse width is 10 s When not using auto clear you must return the digital output to its clear pattern from the DIGOUT AUTO CLEAR option of the CONFIG LIMIT menu This option also...

Page 305: ...the delay specifies the pulse width of line 4 The pulse width of lines 1 2 and 3 is actually 20 sec longer Line 4 is skewed because it is used as the end of test EOT strobe by category register compo...

Page 306: ...re and place the fail pattern on the digital output If none of the limit tests fail the pass pattern will be placed on the output and the testing process will stop With END the testing process will co...

Page 307: ...TERN Use this option item to define the digital output bit pattern 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit For the grading mode it is the pass pattern for the all tests pass condition For the sorting mode it is th...

Page 308: ...multi element devices such as resistor networks Step 2 Configure source measure functions Configure the SourceMeter for the desired source measure operations as follows 1 Select the desired source fun...

Page 309: ...ndler the testing process will not start until the handler sends a low going pulse Otherwise the testing process will start when LIMIT is pressed NOTE The PASS and FAIL messages indicate the status of...

Page 310: ...late2 LIMitX LOWer SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify lower Limit X fail bit pattern for grading mode X 2 3 5 12 NRf NDN bit pat tern CALCulate2 LIMitX UPPer SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify upper Limit X fail bit patter...

Page 311: ...ation CALCulate2 CLIMits BCONtrol name Control I O port pass fail update Name IMMediate at failure or END end of sweep CALCulate2 CLIMits CLEar Clear test results reset I O port CALCulate2 CLIMits CLE...

Page 312: ...oltage tolerance will be discarded Figure 12 11 Diode pass fail limits Table 12 3 summarizes the basic SCPI command sequence for performing a limit test for the diode breakdown described above and Tab...

Page 313: ...parison Limit 2 upper value 0 85V Limit 2 lower value 0 75V Limit 3 upper value 0 82V Limit 3 lower value 0 78V Digital I O port 0001 1 when test passes Digital I O port 0010 2 when upper Limit 2 fail...

Page 314: ...gital I O Port as a safety interlock Front panel output configuration Details configuration of the Digital I O Port as a safety interlock as well as configuring main output off states Remote output co...

Page 315: ...on programming the SourceMeter to respond to the start of test SOT pulse from a handler Figure 13 1 Digital I O port Digital output lines The port provides four output lines Each open collector outpu...

Page 316: ...ls 5V output The Digital I O Port provides a 5V output that can be used to drive external logic cir cuitry Maximum current output for this line is 300mA This line is protected by a self resetting fuse...

Page 317: ...e used for other purposes such as controlling external relays or indicator lights You can control these lines either from the front panel or via remote as covered below Front panel digital output cont...

Page 318: ...roperly used the OUTPUT of the SourceMeter will turn OFF when the lid of the test fixture is opened See Section 2 Connections for important safety information when using the test fixture interlock Tab...

Page 319: ...by first clos ing the lid of the test fixture and then pressing the OUTPUT ON OFF key Figure 13 4 Using test fixture interlock NOTE Safety interlock can be driven by Digital I O Allow 100 s settling a...

Page 320: ...nal circuitry from the input output of the SourceMeter NORMAL When the OUTPUT is turned off the V Source is selected and set to 0V Current compliance is set to 0 5 full scale of the present current ra...

Page 321: ...uto Off mode Note that there is a 15msec settling time for the relay when the output is turned on NORMAL When in this relatively high impedance output off state the V Source is selected and set to 0V...

Page 322: ...you can generate 0 to 5V pulses While in this relatively low impedance output off state the SourceMeter will be able to quickly dissipate sink current caused by high input capacitance i e cable capaci...

Page 323: ...or inductive loads depends on how much energy the induc tor holds The NORMAL output off state is not recommended as it lowers the compliance setting The ZERO or possibly GUARD state are better suited...

Page 324: ...name Enable disable interlock state ON or OFF Query interlock tripped state 1 tripped Select output off mode state HIMPedance NORMal ZERO or GUARd 1 Turn output source off when in idle state Enable di...

Page 325: ...gether to simulate a closed inter lock switch Otherwise the unit will not turn on its output when the measure ment is made Table 13 3 Output configuration programming example Command Description RST S...

Page 326: ...rimary address selection General bus commands Describes general bus commands used for fundamen tal GPIB control Front panel GPIB operation Summarizes GPIB error messages status indica tors and using t...

Page 327: ...remote operation you can perform concurrent measurements on all three functions voltage current and resistance See Section 18 SENSe1 subsystem for details NOTE For the Model 2430 concurrent measureme...

Page 328: ...from the front panel The interface selection is stored in non volatile memory it does not change when power has been off or after a remote inter face reset The GPIB bus is the IEEE 488 interface You m...

Page 329: ...om instruments how an instrument interprets this data what registers should exist to record the state of the instrument and a group of common commands The SourceMeter also conforms to this standard SC...

Page 330: ...these types of connectors on the SourceMeter it is designed for metric threads Figure 14 2 shows a typical connecting scheme for a multi unit test system Figure 14 2 IEEE 488 connections To avoid poss...

Page 331: ...including the con troller The maximum cable length is either 20 meters or two meters multiplied by the number of devices whichever is less Not observing these limits may cause erratic bus operation F...

Page 332: ...quire readings INITiate and then FETCh READ MEASure IFC interface clear The IFC command is sent by the controller to place the SourceMeter in the local talker listener idle states The unit responds to...

Page 333: ...urn it to a known state Note that the DCL command is not an addressed command so all instruments equipped to implement DCL will do so simultaneously When the SourceMeter receives a DCL command it clea...

Page 334: ...d the LOCAL key Error and status messages See Appendix B for a list of error and status messages associated with IEEE 488 program ming The instrument can be programmed to generate an SRQ and command q...

Page 335: ...e state by sending UNL Unlisten addressing it to talk or sending IFC Interface Clear command over the bus SRQ You can program the instrument to generate a service request SRQ when one or more errors o...

Page 336: ...word and the parameter is required Brackets Some command words are enclosed in brackets These brackets are used to denote an optional command word that does not need to be included in the pro gram mes...

Page 337: ...to the largest allowable value Examples ARM TIMer 0 1 Sets timer to 100 msec ARM TIMer DEFault Sets timer to 0 1 sec ARM TIMer MINimum Sets timer to 1 msec ARM TIMer MAXimum Sets timer to 99999 99 se...

Page 338: ...ries the timer interval Most commands that require a numeric parameter n can also use the DEFault MINimum and MAXimum parameters for the query form These query forms are used to determine the RST defa...

Page 339: ...sion of any SCPI command If the length of the command word is four letters or less no short form version exists Example auto auto These rules apply to command words that exceed four letters If the fou...

Page 340: ...ted by sending three separate program messages as follows stat oper enab NRf stat oper enab stat pres In each of the above program messages the path pointer starts at the root command stat and moves d...

Page 341: ...see next rule When the path pointer detects a colon that immediately follows a semicolon it resets to the root level The path pointer can only move down It cannot be moved up a level Executing a comma...

Page 342: ...d by semicolons Items within the same query are separated by commas The following example shows the response message for a program message that contains four single item query commands 0 1 1 0 Respons...

Page 343: ...ng operation and discards any pending output Baud rate The baud rate is the rate at which the SourceMeter and the programming terminal commu nicate Choose one of these available rates 57600 38400 1920...

Page 344: ...r has dropped below half full The SourceMeter recognizes XON and XOFF sent from the controller An XOFF will cause the instrument to stop outputting characters until it sees an XON Incoming commands ar...

Page 345: ...Not used GND signal ground Not used RTS ready to send CTS clear to send Not used NOTE CTA and RTS are tied together Table 14 3 PC serial port pinout Signal DB 9 pin number DB 25 pin number DCD data ca...

Page 346: ...D0 CS0 DS0 LF OP0 RS TB8192 RB8192 OPEN ComOpen FOR RANDOM AS 1 SourceMeter setup commands PRINT 1 RST Reset instrument to default parameters PRINT 1 SENS FUNC RES Select ohms measurement function PRI...

Page 347: ...14 22 Remote Operations 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 348: ...vice request SRQ Explains how to program the Status Byte to generate service requests SRQs Shows how to use the serial poll sequence to detect SRQs Status register sets Provides bit identification and...

Page 349: ...to indicate that an SRQ has occurred Status register sets A typical status register set is made up of a condition register an event register and an event enable register A condition register is a read...

Page 350: ...e Query Error Device Specific Error Execution Error Command Error User Request Power On OPC QYE DDE EXE CME URQ PON ESR ESE MSB MSB 15 Always Zero 15 Event Register 15 Event Enable Register Logical OR...

Page 351: ...ent registers to 0 Standard Event Register Operation Event Register Measurement Event Register Questionable Event Register Note 1 STATus PRESet Reset all bits of the following enable registers to 0 Op...

Page 352: ...e 15 2 indicate the binary parameter value For example if you wish to sets bits B4 B3 and B1 the binary value would be 11010 where B4 1 B3 1 B1 1 and all other bits are 0 When you use one of the other...

Page 353: ...e will be a value that indicates which bits in the register are set That value if not already binary will have to be converted to its binary equivalent For exam ple for a binary value of 100101 bits B...

Page 354: ...Summary Message Read by Serial Poll Read by STB OSB Operation Summary Bit RQS Request for Service MSS Master Summary Status Mav Message Available ESB Event Summary Bit EAV Error Available QSB Questio...

Page 355: ...able Summary Bit QSB Set summary bit indicates that an enabled questionable event has occurred Bit B4 Message Available MAV Set summary bit indicates that a response message is present in the Output Q...

Page 356: ...In your test program you can periodically read the Status Byte to check if an SRQ has occurred and what caused it If an SRQ occurs the program can for exam ple branch to an appropriate subroutine tha...

Page 357: ...nary format which directly indicates which bits are set The command to select format FORMat SREGister is documented in Table 15 2 To determine the exact nature of the error you will have to read the E...

Page 358: ...d data from an empty Output Queue Bit B3 Device Dependent Error DDE Set bit indicates that an instrument operation did not execute properly due to some internal condition Bit B4 Execution Error EXE Se...

Page 359: ...ng for Arm Event Arm Set bit indicates that the SourceMeter is in the arm layer waiting for an arm event to occur Bits B7 through B9 Not used Bit B10 Idle State Idle Set bit indicates the SourceMeter...

Page 360: ...h Limit 3 test has failed Bit B5 Limits Pass LP Set bit indicates that all limit tests passed Bit B6 Reading Available RAV Set bit indicates that a reading was taken and processed Swp B3 B2 B1 Cal B0...

Page 361: ...ource is in compliance Bit B15 Not used Figure 15 6 Measurement event status LL3 B3 HL2 B2 LL2 B1 L1 B0 HL3 B4 LP B5 RAV B6 ROF B7 BAV B8 BFL B9 CC B10 OT B12 Measurement Condition Register BFL B9 CC...

Page 362: ...Bit B14 Command Warning Warn Set bit indicates that a Signal Oriented Measurement Command parameter has been ignored Bit B15 Not used Figure 15 7 Questionable event status Questionable Event Enable Re...

Page 363: ...bit remains latched to 1 until the register is reset Reading an event register clears the bits of that register CLS resets all four event registers The commands to read the event registers are listed...

Page 364: ...command i e STATus OPERation ENABle 0 Table 15 7 Event enable registers commands Command Description Default ESE NDN or NRf ESE STATus OPERation ENABle NDN or NRf ENABle MEASurement ENABle NDN or NRf...

Page 365: ...at pertains to the normal operation of the instrument For example when a query command is sent the response message is placed in the Output Queue When data is placed in the Output Queue the Message Av...

Page 366: ...e numbers are used for SCPI defined messages and positive numbers are used for Keithley defined messages The messages are listed in Appendix B As shown in Table 15 7 there are com mands to read the en...

Page 367: ...ges not to be placed in queue Read the disabled messages Clear messages from Error Queue SYSTem Subsystem Read Error Queue Read and clear oldest error status code and message Read and clear all errors...

Page 368: ...ds used by the SourceMeter Command reference Provides a detailed reference for all common commands except for those associated with the status structure discussed in Section 15 Artisan Technology Grou...

Page 369: ...firmware revision levels of the unit OPC Operation complete command Set the Operation Complete bit in the Standard Event Register after all pending commands have been executed OPC Operation complete q...

Page 370: ...r all pending command operations are complete When OPC is sent an ASCII 1 is placed in the Output Queue after all pending command operations are complete Typically either one of these commands is sent...

Page 371: ...trol affected by RST can be saved by the SAV command The RCL command is used to restore the instrument to the saved setup configuration Five setup configurations can be saved and recalled The SourceMe...

Page 372: ...viously received OPC and OPC commands TRG trigger Use the TRG command to issue a GPIB trigger to the SourceMeter It has the same effect as a group execute trigger GET Use the TRG command as an event t...

Page 373: ...ry Use this query command to perform a checksum test on ROM The command places the coded result 0 or 1 in the Output Queue When the SourceMeter is addressed to talk the coded result is sent from the O...

Page 374: ...command is executed Overlapped commands A command that allows the execution of subsequent commands while device operations of the Overlapped command are still in progress The WAI command is used to s...

Page 375: ...16 8 Common Commands 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 376: ...easurement function Provides detailed information on com mands to configure the measurement function Acquiring readings Describes commands to acquire post processed readings both trigger and acquire r...

Page 377: ...nstrument to a specific setup for mea surements on the specified function The READ command is then typ ically used to trigger a specified number of measurements See READ When this command is sent the...

Page 378: ...edly return the same readings Until there are new readings this com mand continues to return the old readings For example assume that the SourceMeter performed 20 source measure operations The FETCh...

Page 379: ...igured For example if configured for 20 source measure operations arm count 1 trigger count 20 then 20 sets of readings will be acquired after the Source Meter returns to the idle state When this comm...

Page 380: ...ollowing commands execute in the order that they are presented CONFigure function READ When CONFigure is executed the instrument goes into a one shot measurement mode See CONFigure for more details Wh...

Page 381: ...17 6 SCPI Signal Oriented Measurement Commands 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 382: ...rence tables Summarizes each SCPI command subsystem SCPI subsystems Provides detailed information on all commands in each SCPI subsystem Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888...

Page 383: ...and SYSTem PRESet defaults unless noted otherwise Parameter notes are located at the end of each table SCPI A checkmark indicates that the command and its parameters are SCPI confirmed An unmarked co...

Page 384: ...essions UNITs name Define units name for math expression 3ASCII characters W UNITs Query math expression units name STATe b Enable or disable math expression OFF STATe Query state of math expression D...

Page 385: ...f NDN Specify output fail pattern for grading mode 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 15 SOURce2 Query fail bit pattern LOWer Configure lower limit DATA n Specify lower limit 9 999999e20 to 9 999999e20 1 DATA...

Page 386: ...h to specify pass pattern for sorting mode SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify output pass pattern 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 15 SOURce2 Query pass bit pattern STATe b Enable or disable Limit 3 test OFF STATe Que...

Page 387: ...URce2 Query pass bit pattern STATe b Enable or disable Limit 5 to 12 tests OFF STATe Query state of Limit 5 to 12 tests FAIL Return result of Limit 5 to 12 tests 0 pass or 1 fail CLIMits Composite lim...

Page 388: ...to 100 NEXT SMLocation Query PASS memory location FAIL Define fail digital output pattern SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify output fail pattern 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 15 SOURce2 Query fail bit pattern SMLoc...

Page 389: ...inking 0 Path to locate message to bottom display Control user test message Define ASCII message a up to 32 characters Query text message Enable or disable message mode Query text message state Query...

Page 390: ...C TIME or STATus Query CALC data elements Specify SOURce2 data format ASCii HEXadecimal OCTal or BIN Query SOURce2 data format ASCii ASCii Note All CALC ASCii Note Byte order RST default is NORMal SYS...

Page 391: ...CONCurrent Query concurrent state ON function list Specify functions to enable VOLTage DC CURRent DC or RESistance CURRent ALL Enable all functions concurrent enabled or enable ohms function concurre...

Page 392: ...s RANGe Configure measurement range UPPer n UP DOWN Select range by specifying the expected voltage reading 1 21 5 UPPer Query range AUTO b Enable or disable auto range 2 ON 5 AUTO Query auto range UL...

Page 393: ...NPLCycles Query integration rate AVERage Path to configure and control digital filter REPeat TCONtrol name Specify filter type MOVing or REPeat 5 TCONtrol Query filter type COUNt n Specify filter cou...

Page 394: ...e of auto settling time DELay Query source settling time CURRent Path to configure I Source MODE n Select I Source mode FIXed SWEep or LIST FIXed MODE Query I Source mode RANGe n UP DOWN Select fixed...

Page 395: ...step value for voltage sweep SPAN n Specify span 1 0 SPAN Query span CENTer n Specify center point 1 0 CENTer Query center point VOLTage Path to configure V Source MODE n Select V Source mode FIXed S...

Page 396: ...ARt n Specify start level for V sweep 1 0 STARt Query start level for voltage sweep STOP n Specify stop level for V sweep 1 0 STOP Query stop level for voltage sweep STEP n Specify step value for V sw...

Page 397: ...s to end of list POINts Query number of source values in list STARt n Specify list sweep start point 1 STARt Query list sweep start point VOLTage Query V Source list MEMory Configure Source Memory Swe...

Page 398: ...4 mode BSTate b Set BUSY and EOT polarity HI or LO LO BSTate Query BUSY and EOT polarity CLEar Clear digital output IMMediate Restore clear to TTL output pattern AUTO b Enable or disable auto clear O...

Page 399: ...t error message Specify error and status messages for error queue Read the enabled messages Specify messages not to be placed in error queue Read the disabled messages Clears all messages from error q...

Page 400: ...NEXT Return and clear oldest error code only ALL Return and clear all errors codes only CLEar Clears messages from error queue RSENse b Enable or disable remote sensing OFF RSENse Query state of remo...

Page 401: ...ate of auto frequency LFRequency Query line frequency TIME Timestamp RESet Reset timestamp to zero seconds AUTO b Enable disable timestamp reset when exiting idle OFF TIME Query timestamp MEMory Initi...

Page 402: ...ings from buffer Query bytes available and bytes in use Specify size of buffer 1 to 2500 Queries number of readings stored in the buffer Query buffer size Select source of readings SENSe 1 CALCulate 1...

Page 403: ...BSTest Query control source Set timer interval in seconds 0 001 to 99999 99 Query timer interval Enable SOURce or disable ACCeptor bypass Query state of bypass Configure output triggers Select input t...

Page 404: ...f bypass Configure output triggers Select input trigger line 1 2 3 or 4 Query input trigger line Enable input event detectors SOURce DELay SENSe or NONE Query enabled input event detectors Select outp...

Page 405: ...o list the math expression names This list includes the built in expression names as well as the names of expres sions defined by the user The names for the built in expressions are as follows POWER O...

Page 406: ...t 804 Expression list full Attempted to create a new expression name when the list catalog is full The maximum number of user defined expression names is five 805 Undefined expression exists Attempted...

Page 407: ...21 Invalid data handle index An invalid array index value was assigned to a vectored expression Array indices start at 0 and can be as high as 2499 Notes Up to five user defined math expressions can b...

Page 408: ...IN 2 TRIG COUN 2 CALC MATH EXPR NAME OFFCOMPOHM CALC STAT ON OUTPUT ON INIT CALC DATA Resistor voltage coefficient RST SENS FUNC ON ALL SENS RES MODE MAN SOUR FUNC ON VOLT or CURR if SOUR FUNC VOLT th...

Page 409: ...a tion to test 10k resistors This user defined math expression is added to the catalog Where RES is the actual measured resistance of the DUT 10k is the reference value RST SENS FUNC OFF ALL SENS FUNC...

Page 410: ...e 1 MATH EXPRession DELete ALL Delete all user defined math expression Description This action command will remove delete all user defined math expres sions from the catalog Built in math expressions...

Page 411: ...l become the selected math expression See NAME name page 18 24 for more details Valid parameter names for measure and source readings include VOLTage Use V Measure or V Source reading CURRent Use I Me...

Page 412: ...is configured and enabled the results are displayed when source measure operations are performed See STATe b page 18 33 Use the data command to send the results to the computer Vectored math By incor...

Page 413: ...number of source measure operations has to be a multiple of 10 10 20 30 40 and so on The following vector math expression to calculate offset compensated ohms demonstrates proper syntax calc math vol...

Page 414: ...sed to read the result of the CALC1 calcula tion The largest valid calculation result can be 9 9e37 which defined by SCPI is infinity For scalar math non vectored math this command is used to return c...

Page 415: ...and setting pulse width See SOURce2 page 18 100 subsystem for details Select input path FEED name CALCulate2 FEED name Select input path for limit tests Parameters name CALCulate 1 Use result of CALC1...

Page 416: ...e STATe b CALCulate2 NULL STATe b Control null offset Parameters b 1 or ON Enable null offset 0 or OFF Disable null offset Query STATe Query state of null offset Description This command is used to en...

Page 417: ...cause Limit 1 test to fail With IN specified the test will fail when the SourceMeter goes into compliance With OUT specified the test will fail when the SourceMeter comes out of compliance DATA n CAL...

Page 418: ...3 bit Binary value 0 to b1111 4 bit Binary value 0 to q7 3 bit Octal value 0 to q17 4 bit Octal value 0 to h7 3 bit Hexadecimal value 0 to hF 4 bit Hexadecimal value Query SOURce2 Query source value f...

Page 419: ...ediately when a fail condition occurs or it can wait until all testing on a device package is completed operation leaves trigger layer See Composite testing page 18 40 and BCONtrol name page 18 43 for...

Page 420: ...n binary octal deci mal or hexadecimal format Use the table provided in the Description for the SOURce command to determine the parameter value for the desired decimal digital output pattern STATe b C...

Page 421: ...it has failed you will have to read the Measurement Event Register See STATus subsystem page 18 104 Reading the results of a limit test does not clear the fail indication of the test A failure can be...

Page 422: ...nd defines the 3 bit or 4 bit output pass pattern for the Limit 1 test compliance when Limits 2 3 5 12 are disabled FAIL SOURce2 NRf NDN CALCulate2 CLIMits FAIL SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify fail pattern Pa...

Page 423: ...essful PASS condition If not successful FAIL condition the sweep proceeds to the next memory location in the list With NEXT selected the default the sweep pro ceeds to the next memory location present...

Page 424: ...and the DUT will be binned As a consequence the other elements in the device package are not tested MODE name CALCulate2 CLIMits MODE name Control Digital I O port pass fail output Parameters name GR...

Page 425: ...start a new test sequence When disabled you must use IMMediate to perform the clear actions CALCulate3 Select statistic FORMat name CALCulate3 FORMat name Specify CALC3 format Parameters name MEAN Mea...

Page 426: ...perations are not performed on TIME and STATus data ele ments that are stored in the buffer If the buffer is configured to store the result of CALC1 or CALC2 TRACe FEED CALC1 or CALC2 only one result...

Page 427: ...stead use rational numbers For example to select 4 5 digit resolution you can send a parameter value of 4 5 instead of 5 The SourceMeter rounds the rational number to an integer ENABle b DISPlay ENABl...

Page 428: ...00000000 The response message for DISP WIND2 ATTR bottom display will display ones at the character positions for SAVESETUP as follows 11111111100000000000000000000000 CNDisplay DISPlay CNDisplay Retu...

Page 429: ...include a command after an indefinite block message on the same line it will be treated as part of the message and is displayed instead of executed STATe b DISPlay WINDow 1 TEXT STATe b Control messag...

Page 430: ...DATA CALC1 DATA and CALC2 DATA over the GPIB All other queries are returned in the ASCII format NOTE Regardless of which data format for output strings is selected the SourceMeter will only respond to...

Page 431: ...n the readings of the data string and terminator should be acquired in one piece The header 0 can be read separately before the rest of the string The number of bytes to be transferred can be calculat...

Page 432: ...nt provides the voltage measurement or the pro grammed voltage source reading If sourcing voltage and measuring voltage this element will provide the voltage measurement measure reading takes priority...

Page 433: ...Bit 2 Front Rear Set to 1 if FRONT terminals are selected Bit 3 Compliance Set to 1 if in real compliance Bit 4 OVP Set to 1 if the over voltage protection limit was reached Bit 5 Math Set to 1 if mat...

Page 434: ...pass 0 0 1 0 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 6 pass 0 0 1 1 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 7 pass 0 0 1 1 1 Bit 5 LP Limit test 8 pass 0 1 0 0 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 9 pass 0 1 0 0 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 10 pass 0 1 0 1...

Page 435: ...0 0 Hi Limit test 6 fail 1 0 1 1 0 Lo Limit test 6 fail 0 0 1 1 0 Hi Limit test 7 fail 1 0 1 1 1 Lo Limit test 7 fail 0 0 1 1 1 Hi Limit test 8 fail 1 1 0 0 0 Lo Limit test 8 fail 0 1 0 0 0 Hi Limit t...

Page 436: ...t for all CALC2 XXXX SOUR2 and SOUR2 TTL queries in a manner similar to formats set by the FORM SREG command See Calculate sub systems page 18 24 and SOURce subsystem page 18 72 for details CALC data...

Page 437: ...is always sent at the beginning of the data string for each measurement conversion The ASCII data format can only be sent in the normal byte order The SWAPped selection is simply ignored when the ASCI...

Page 438: ...Table 18 4 Turn source on or off STATe b OUTPut 1 STATe b Turn source on or off Parameters b 0 or OFF Turn source off standby 1 or ON Turn source on operate Query OUTPut Query state of source Descript...

Page 439: ...o effect on the output state of the source TRIPped OUTPut 1 INTerlock TRIPped Description This query command is used to determine if the enabled interlock has been tripped The tripped condition 1 mean...

Page 440: ...mmand to generate voltage waveforms that alternate between 0V and the programmed output on voltage With GUARd selected the I Source is selected and set to 0A Voltage compliance is set to 0 5 full scal...

Page 441: ...b 0 or OFF Disable concurrent measurements 1 or ON Enable concurrent measurements Query CONCurrent Query state of concurrent measurements Description This command is used to enable or disable the abi...

Page 442: ...e ON command is used to include enable one or more measurement functions in the list and the OFF command is used to remove disable one or more func tions from the list Note that each function specifie...

Page 443: ...OUNt Query number of functions disabled Description This query command is used to determine the number of functions that are enabled or disabled When ON COUNt is sent the response message will indicat...

Page 444: ...rements for details on manual and auto ohms RESistance OCOMpensated b SENSe 1 RESistance OCOMpensated b Control offset compensated ohms Parameters b 1 or ON Enable offset compensation 0 or OFF Disable...

Page 445: ...nge selected the highest current measurement range is 20mA With the 1A or 100mA source range selected the highest voltage measurement range is 20V 2420 With the 60V source range selected the highest c...

Page 446: ...05e 4 amps 21 volts 2 1e5 ohms MINimum 1 05 amps 1100 volts 0 ohms MAXimum 1 05 amps 1100 volts 2 1e8 ohms UP Select next higher measurement range DOWN Select next lower measurement range 2420 n 3 15...

Page 447: ...DEFault Query RST default range RANGe MINimum Query lowest range returns 0 RANGe MAXimum Query highest range Description This command is used to manually select the measurement range for the specifie...

Page 448: ...nt DC RANGe AUTO LLIMit n Set auto ranging lower limit for amps SENSe 1 VOLTage DC RANGe AUTO LLIMit n Set auto ranging lower limit for volts SENSe 1 RESistance RANGe AUTO LLIMit n Set auto ranging lo...

Page 449: ...he compliance range and there fore is available only as a query When autoranging is disabled you can manually program the unit for any range above the upper limit ohms only Set compliance parameters L...

Page 450: ...The SourceMeter cannot source levels that exceed these speci fied limits The SENSe CURRent PROTection LIMit command is used to set the current compliance for the V Source and the SENSe VOLTage PROTect...

Page 451: ...rs n 0 01 to 10 Power line cycles per integration DEFault 1 MINimum 0 01 MAXimum 10 Model 2430 Pulse Mode n 0 01 to 0 1 Power line cycles per integration DEFault 0 1 MINimum 0 01 MAXimum 0 1 Query NPL...

Page 452: ...TATe command is used to enable or disable the filter NOTE For the Model 2430 Pulse Mode this command is ignored COUNt n SENSe 1 AVERage COUNt n Specify filter count Parameters n to 100 Specify filter...

Page 453: ...ource and V Source and to set the logic level high or low of each digital output line The commands for this subsystem are summarized in Table 18 7 SOURce 1 Use the following commands to configure and...

Page 454: ...is started the source output will stay on even after the instrument returns to the idle state Auto output off disabled is the RST and SYSTem PRESet default WARNING With auto output off disabled the s...

Page 455: ...cing mode LIST Select list sourcing mode SWEep Select sweep sourcing mode Query MODE Query DC sourcing mode Description This command is used to select the DC sourcing mode for the specified source The...

Page 456: ...ower range 2410 n 1 05 to 1 05 Specify I Source level amps 1100 to 1100 Specify V Source level volts DEFault 100 A range I Source 20V range V Source MINimum 1 A range I Source 200mV range V Source MAX...

Page 457: ...25 Specify I Source level amps 42 to 42 Specify V Source level volts DEFault 100 A range I Source 10V range V Source MINimum 10 A range I Source 200mV range V Source MAXimum 5A range I Source 40V rang...

Page 458: ...automatically select the most sensitive range for the specified source level When disabled the instru ment will use the range that the instrument is currently on Auto range will be disabled if a fixed...

Page 459: ...t amplitude CURRent MINimum Query lowest allowable amplitude CURRent MAXimum Query highest allowable amplitude VOLTage Query programmed amplitude of V Source VOLTage DEFault Query RST default amplitud...

Page 460: ...to 1 05 Set I Source amplitude amps 1100 to 1100 Set V Source amplitude volts DEFault 0A or 0V MINimum 1 05A or 1100V MAXimum 1 05A or 1100V 2420 n 3 15 to 3 15 Set I Source amplitude amps 63 to 63 Se...

Page 461: ...il that external trigger is received by the SourceMeter See Section 11 Trigger models for details on trigger model operation The MINimum and MAXimum parameters are only valid if the highest source ran...

Page 462: ...limit to 12V 18 Set limit to 18V 24 Set limit to 24V 30 Set limit to 30V 36 Set limit to 36V 48 Set limit to 48V 49 to 63 Set limit to NONE NONE Set limit to 63V DEFault Set limit to 63V NONE MINimum...

Page 463: ...Model 2440 Exceeding those values allows the V Source to output its maximum voltage The OVP limit is also enforced when in the I Source Mode The limit parameter values are magnitudes and are in effec...

Page 464: ...measurement is taken Note that this delay is the same for both the I Source and V Source Do not confuse this source delay with the trigger delay The source delay is part of the device action SDM cycle...

Page 465: ...anging mode Parameters name BEST Use the best fixed mode AUTO Use the most sensitive source range for each sweep level FIXed Use the present source range for the entire sweep Query RANGing Query sourc...

Page 466: ...ltage sweep SOURce 1 CURRent STOP n Specify stop current level current sweep SOURce 1 VOLTage STOP n Specify stop voltage level voltage sweep Parameters 2400 n 1 05 to 1 05 Set I Source level amps 210...

Page 467: ...e all source values Best Fixed Range You can use source auto range if sweeping through one or more source ranges When the sweep is started the source will output the specified start level and after th...

Page 468: ...ce level volts DEFault 0A or 0V MINimum 2 1A or 2200V MAXimum 2 1A or 2200V 2420 n 6 3 to 6 3 Set I Source level amps 128 to 128 Set V Source level volts DEFault 0A or 0V MINimum 6 3A or 128V MAXimum...

Page 469: ...and you want to sweep from 8 to 12 volts To do this you would specify the center to be 10V and the span to be 4 volts 12 8 Use the STEP or POINts command to specify the number of source measure point...

Page 470: ...for sweep STEP DEFault Query RST default level STEP MINimum Query lowest allowable level STEP MAXimum Query highest allowable level Description This command is used to specify a step size for a linea...

Page 471: ...r of sweep points Description The POINts command specifies the total number of source measure points in a sweep For a linear sweep the source measure points are equally spaced stepped between the star...

Page 472: ...peration to the normal start to stop direction Configure list CURRent NRf list VOLTage NRf list SOURce 1 LIST CURRent NRf list Define I Source list SOURce 1 LIST VOLTage NRf list Define V Source list...

Page 473: ...in the list Use the FUNCtion MODE command to select the current or voltage source function See Select function modes page 18 73 Use the CURRent MODE or VOLTage MODE command to select the LIST sourcing...

Page 474: ...f the sweep is up SOUR LIST CURR DIR UP for example Changing the direction to down will make the sweep start at the last point in the list but the start ing point will be restored when the direction i...

Page 475: ...escription This command is used to save the present instrument setup in a memory location Up to 100 setups can be saved The following settings are saved in each source memory location SENSe 1 CURRent...

Page 476: ...ations unless branching see CALC2 CLIM PASS SML use the POINts command to specify how many sweep points to perform and the STARt command to specify where to start from POINts NRf SOURCe MEMory POINts...

Page 477: ...ored in the first source memory Source I Measure V Mode and the unit is in the Source V Measure I mode with SFAC set to 0 1 and enabled the unit will output 1 0V for the second source memory location...

Page 478: ...LT POIN returns 10 TRIG COUN 10 SOUR VOLT MODE LIST OUTP ON INIT Logarithmic current sweep Logarithmic current sweep from 1mA to 270mA in 20 points RST SOUR FUNC MODE CURR SOUR SWE SPAC LOG SOUR CURR...

Page 479: ...025564 13 1 464402 0 034324 14 1 336435 0 046086 15 1 208469 0 061877 16 1 080502 0 083080 17 0 952536 0 111549 18 0 824569 0 149772 19 0 696603 0 201093 20 0 568636 0 270000 Current list The Previou...

Page 480: ...delays Model 2430 only WIDth n SOURce 1 PULSe WIDTh n Specify pulse width Parameters n 0 00015 to 0 00500 Specify pulse width in seconds MINimum 0 00015 seconds MAXimum 0 00500 seconds DEFault 0 0001...

Page 481: ...d to set the logic level of the digital output lines and con trol the pulse width of limit test output patterns that are sent to component handlers Limit tests are configured and controlled from the C...

Page 482: ...ither an End of Test or Busy signal in the 3 bit output mode EOT is not automatically controlled in 4 bit mode See BSIZe n page 18 102 Likewise with BUSY enabled in the 4 bit mode the unit behaves if...

Page 483: ...Digital I O bit size to 3 or 4 In the 3 bit mode Digital I O line 4 becomes EOT EOT BUSY or BUSY based on the SOUR2 TTL4 MODE and SOUR2 TTL4 BST commands above In 4 bit mode Digital I O line 4 is cont...

Page 484: ...s on limit tests DELay n SOURce2 CLEar AUTO DELay n Set delay for auto clear Parameters n 0 to 60 Specify delay in seconds DEFault 100 sec delay MINimum 0 sec MAXimum 60 sec Query DELay Query delay DE...

Page 485: ...e SourceMeter to talk a value is sent to the computer This value indicates which bits in the appropriate register are set Program event enable registers ENABle NDN or NRf STATus MEASurement ENABle NDN...

Page 486: ...NEXT query command performs the same function as the SYSTem ERRor query command See SYSTem subsystem page 18 106 CLEar STATus QUEue CLEar Clear Error Queue Description This action command is used to...

Page 487: ...em contains miscellaneous commands that are summarized in Table 18 9 SYSTem command summary Default conditions PRESet SYSTem PRESet Return to SYSTem PRESet defaults Description This command returns th...

Page 488: ...mote sensing When using remote sensing 4 wire connections to the DUT are required Sourcing voltage With remote sensing enabled the output voltage is sensed measured at the DUT If the sensed voltage is...

Page 489: ...tate NOTE See Section 2 for details on guarding Initialize memory INITialize SYSTem MEMory INITialize Initializes battery backed RAM Description When this command is used the following actions to init...

Page 490: ...500Hz for 1 second The correlation between the duration and frequency of the beep is expressed as follows Maximum Time 512 Frequency For example at a frequency of 512Hz the maximum beep time is one se...

Page 491: ...C caching 0 or OFF Disable NPLC caching Query STATe Query state of NPLC caching NPLCycles Return list of NPLC values stored in cache from oldest to newest Description NPLC caching speeds up source mem...

Page 492: ...drift when using NPLC caching with auto zero disabled periodically send SYST AZER ONCE to force an immediate auto zero update Select power line frequency setting LFRequency freq SYSTem LFRequency fre...

Page 493: ...o the computer when the SourceMeter is addressed to talk All messages are removed from the queue COUNt SYSTem ERRor COUNt Return the number of errors Description After sending this command and address...

Page 494: ...GGLE key 17 RANGE down arrow key 18 ENTER key 19 I SOURCE key 20 TRIG key 21 RECALL key 22 I MEAS key 23 LOCAL key 24 ON OFF key 25 26 SOURCE up arrow key 27 SWEEP key 28 CONFIG key 29 key 30 REL key...

Page 495: ...NPUT OUTPUT 4 WIRE SENSE DISPLAY ON OFF TERMINALS FRONT REAR AUTO RANGE 1 2 8 26 19 12 5 29 22 15 16 23 31 7 30 6 14 21 13 20 28 4 27 3 11 18 10 17 9 32 24 Parameters NRf 1 RANGE up arrow key 2 SOURCE...

Page 496: ...Meter from the remote state and enables the operation of front panel keys Note that this command can only be sent over the RS 232 interface RWLock b SYSTem RWLock b Disable or enable front panel keys...

Page 497: ...ce Meter is turned on Auto reset timestamp RESet AUTO b SYSTem TIME RESet AUTO b Reset timestamp when exiting idle Parameters b 1 or ON Enable auto timestamp reset 0 or OFF Disable auto timestamp rese...

Page 498: ...e using the SOUR SOAK command See SOURce sub system Note that you can use the LLIMIT and ULIMIT commands to control auto range limits See SENSe1 subsystem TRACe subsystem The commands in this subsyste...

Page 499: ...e sent to the computer The first value indicates how many bytes of memory are available and the second value indi cates how many bytes are reserved to store readings POINts n TRACe POINts n Specify bu...

Page 500: ...Query buffer control Description This command is used to select the buffer control When NEXT is selected the asterisk annunciator turns on to indicate that the buffer is enabled The storage process st...

Page 501: ...se pending triggers could adversely affect subsequent operation When using external triggering it is recommended that TRIGger CLEar be sent after sending the ABORt command and at the beginning of a pr...

Page 502: ...le is to use the DCL or SDC command With auto output off enabled SOURce1 CLEar AUTO ON the output will remain on if operation is terminated before the output has a chance to automatically turn off Pro...

Page 503: ...rtant For example the limits could be used to drive the interlock to abort a test when some con dition is met DATA would then give the answer to the test DELay n TRIGger SEQuence 1 DELay n Set trigger...

Page 504: ...continues when a trigger pulse is received via the Trigger Link NOTE The following control sources are not available for the trigger layer With TIMer selected the event occurs at the beginning of the...

Page 505: ...le control source bypass Query DIRection Query state of bypass Description This command is used to enable SOURce or disable ACCeptor con trol source bypass When enabled operation will loop around the...

Page 506: ...sent alone i e trigger input none If it is listed with any of the other parame ters NONE will be ignored ILINe NRf ARM SEQuence 1 LAYer 1 TCONfigure ILINe NRf Select input line arm layer TRIGger SEQu...

Page 507: ...e Trigger Link see OLINe NRf page 18 125 Arm Layer Triggers With TEXit selected an output trigger will occur when exiting the trigger layer With TENTer selected an output trigger will occur when enter...

Page 508: ...A Specifications Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 509: ...OUTPUT POWER 22W 66W for Model 2420 110W for Model 2425 and 2430 55W for Model 2440 four quadrant source or sink operation SOURCE SINK LIMITS Model 2400 21V 1 05A 210V 105 mA Model 2410 21V 1 05A 1100...

Page 510: ...0 0000 A 100 pA 1mV 0 027 700 pA 100 000 A 1 nA 1mV 0 025 6 nA 1 00000 mA 10 nA 1mV 0 027 60 nA 2400 2420 2425 2430 2440 10 0000 mA 100 nA 1mV 0 035 600 nA 2410 20 0000 mA 100 nA 1mV 0 035 1 2 A All 1...

Page 511: ...wide 370mm deep 31 2 in 83 8 in 149 16 in Bench Configuration with handle feet 104mm high 238mm wide 370mm deep 41 8 in 93 8 in 149 16 in WEIGHT 3 21kg 7 08 lbs Model 2425 2430 2440 4 1kg 9 0 lbs ENVI...

Page 512: ...range is 10V 3mV or from 9 997 to 10 003V DC current measurement calculations are performed in exactly the same manner using the pertinent specifications ranges and input signal values Source accurac...

Page 513: ...atency is the time from when an external trigger event occurs to when the Source Meter takes the appropriate action It is from when an external trigger is detected in the Trigger Layer of the trigger...

Page 514: ...ered With Auto Zero disabled only the signal is measured Hence speed is increased at the expense of long term drift Firmware overhead This is the time associated with A D communication reading calibra...

Page 515: ...ing 1 power line frequency 185 sec Firmware Overhead 2 3msec for Source V 2 65msec for Source I Source On Time Source Configuration Source Delay 4 A D Conversion Firm ware Overhead Example Source Dela...

Page 516: ...40 sec for Source I Source On Time Source Configuration Source Delay A D Conversion Firmware Overhead Example Source Delay 0 NPLC Setting 0 08 PLC Power Line Frequency 60Hz Source On Time 50 sec 0 0 0...

Page 517: ...verhead 310 sec for Source V 590 sec for Source I Source On Time Source Configuration Source Delay Firmware Overhead Example Source Delay 0 Source On Time 50 sec 0 125 sec 360 sec for Source V 640 sec...

Page 518: ...off As shown in the two timing diagrams the static source remains on for every measurement cycle The Source Delay portion of the SDM cycle is omitted With Trigger Delay set to zero Trigger Latency is...

Page 519: ...A 12 Specifications 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 520: ...B StatusandErrorMessages Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 521: ...es Note that error and status conditions will also set specific bits in various status registers as sum marized in Table B 1 Section 15 has detailed information on registers and queues Briefly you can...

Page 522: ...program Expression error Hardware missing Data corrupt or stale EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event...

Page 523: ...E EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event 5 5 5 5 5 123 121 120 114 113 Exponent too large Invalid character in number Numeric data error Header suffix out of...

Page 524: ...rement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event 0 1 2 3...

Page 525: ...ation data lost Calibration dates lost GPIB communication language lost Communication errors Invalid system communication ASCII only with RS 232 EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event S...

Page 526: ...1kV range Invalid with INF ARM COUNT Invalid in Pulse Mode Internal System Error EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard...

Page 527: ...NS VOLT DC RANG 100 Correct Improper short or long form Check the command list in Section 18 of this manual Blanks spaces within the command name For example SYST ERR Incorrect space between SYST and...

Page 528: ...that the instrument is processing the query without error For example sending an ill formed query that generates an error 113 Undefined header and then addressing the instrument to talk will generate...

Page 529: ...B 10 Status and Error Messages 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 530: ...C DataFlow Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 531: ...for the following discussion Figure C 1 Data flow block diagram SENSE Measurements Volts Amps Ohms Timestamp Filter Sample Buffer CALC1 Math Expression CALC2 Limit Tests NULL Rel Trace Data Store CAL...

Page 532: ...sub system for details After all source measure operations are completed the SourceMeter returns to the idle state The data stored in the Sample Buffer will remain there until data from another sourc...

Page 533: ...used for limit testing TRACe DATA If the data store is enabled Sample Buffer data CALC1 results and CALC2 readings become available to the TRACE block for storage The selected feed determines which g...

Page 534: ...D IEEE 488BusOverview Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 535: ...rred to as an active listener Devices that do not need to listen are instructed to unlisten The reason for the unlisten instruction is to optimize the speed of bus information transfer since the task...

Page 536: ...ding the controller Thus any number of talkers and listeners up to that limit may be present on the bus at one time Although sev eral devices may be commanded to listen simultaneously the bus can have...

Page 537: ...e 2 Able to Talk and Listen SourceMeter Device 3 Only Able to Listen Printer Device 4 Only Able to Talk DAV NRFD NDAC IFC ATN SRQ REN EOI Data Bus Data Byte Transfer Control General Interface Manageme...

Page 538: ...nes The state of this line determines how information on the data bus is to be interpreted IFC Interface Clear As the name implies the IFC line controls clearing of instru ments from the bus REN Remot...

Page 539: ...stable for at least 100nsec after ATN is set true Because of the possibility of a bus hang up many control lers have time out routines that display messages in case the transfer sequence stops for any...

Page 540: ...D 1 IEEE 488 bus command summary Command type Command State of ATN line Comments Uniline Multiline Universal Addressed Unaddressed Common SCPI REN Remote Enable EOI IFC Interface Clear ATN Attention S...

Page 541: ...face and return all devices to the talker and listener idle states ATN Attention The controller sends ATN while transmitting addresses or multiline commands SRQ Service Request SRQ is asserted by a de...

Page 542: ...is an addressed command many devices respond to GET without addressing Address commands Addressed commands include two primary command groups and a secondary address group ATN is true when these comm...

Page 543: ...y the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI Consor tium s SCPI standard Generally these commands are sent as one or more ASCII characters that tell the device to perform a particular ope...

Page 544: ...S GS RS US LLO DCL PPU SPE SPD 1 B 2 A SP _ 2 B 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3 A 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 B 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 UNL 4 A A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 4 B...

Page 545: ...n command and the SDC command byte itself Table D 4 gives a typical common command sequence In this instance ATN is true while the instrument is being addressed but it is set high while sending the co...

Page 546: ...N ATTENTION DCL DEVICE CLEAR IFC INTERFACE CLEAR REN REMOTE ENABLE SPD SERIAL POLL DISABLE SPE SERIAL POLL ENABLE ADDRESS COMMAND GROUP LISTEN TALK LAG LISTEN ADDRESS GROUP MLA MY LISTEN ADDRESS UNL U...

Page 547: ...has been addressed to talk L Listener Function The ability for the instrument to receive device dependent data over the bus from other devices is provided by the L function Listener capabilities L4 o...

Page 548: ...es the ability of the SourceMeter to have readings triggered C Controller Function The instrument does not have controller capabilities C0 TE Extended Talker Function The instrument does not have exte...

Page 549: ...D 16 IEEE 488 Bus Overview 2400 Series SourceMeter User s Manual Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 550: ...E IEEE 488andSCPI ConformanceInformation Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 551: ...mentation requirements Table E 1 provides a summary of the requirements and pro vides the information or references the manual for that information Table E 2 lists the coupled commands used by the Sou...

Page 552: ...Calibration query information Trigger macro for DDT Macro information Response to IDN identification Storage area for PUD and PUD Resource description for RDT and RDT Effects of RST RCL and SAV TST in...

Page 553: ...C for all other functions SOURce RANGe AUTO SOURce STEP SOURce CENTer SOURce SPAN SOURce STEP SOURce CENTer SOURce SPAN SOURce POINts SOURce STEP SOURce STARt SOURce STOP SOURce STEP SOURce STARt SOUR...

Page 554: ...F ContactCheckFunction Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 555: ...istance including poor contact at the DUT failing relay contacts on a switching card and wires that are too long or thin This is shown schematically in Figure F 1 where RC is the resistance of the mec...

Page 556: ...low resistance AC path between the force and sense leads Transformer T4 drives the trip point resistor s RSET If the resistance in any of the DUT connections exceeds the value of RSET it is considere...

Page 557: ...ource sense pairs are tested when contact check is enabled If a source sense pair is not used in a particular test it must have a shorting plug installed Other than this requirement normal connections...

Page 558: ...Mit4 commands See Front panel contact check operation page F 11 and Remote contact check operation page F 14 Bit 18 of the FORMat ELEMents STATus command response is set if there is an open lead and c...

Page 559: ...etting the timeout to 0 seconds disables the timeout That is operation will be held up indefinitely until contact check detection occurs With contact check event detection disabled operation will not...

Page 560: ...ows a flowchart for sorting mode limit testing again with contact check limit testing enabled See Section 12 for com plete details on other limit tests Figure F 4 Contact check limit test sequence Pas...

Page 561: ...ay FAIL Binning Control Binning Control First Failure First Failure End End Yes Yes Output Limit 1 Fail Pattern Immediate Output Limit 2 3 5 12 Fail Pattern Immediate Store Limit 1 Fail Pattern in Mem...

Page 562: ...es Stop Press LIMIT Wait for SOT pulse from handler Perform Source Measure action Display PASS Output Limit 1 Fail Pattern Output Limit 2 3 5 12 Pass Pattern Display FAIL Limits 2 3 and 5 12 Disabled...

Page 563: ...tact check the output is turned off and will remain off until the end of the sweep points The triggers will be supplied and accepted to main tain timing The memory for each of the points after the fai...

Page 564: ...y those selections specific to contact check operation are shown here See Section 1 for complete menu listings and Section 11 and Section 12 for details on triggering and limit testing respectively Ta...

Page 565: ...LE Disable contact check ENABLE Enable contact check select 2 15 or 50 resistance CONFIG TRIG Configure triggering CONFIGURE TRIGGER ARM LAYER Configure arm layer TRIG LAYER Configure trigger layer HA...

Page 566: ...it testing mode GRADING or SORTING then press ENTER a Grading After selecting GRADING select IMMEDIATE or END binning then press ENTER b Sorting After selecting SORTING you will be prompted to set the...

Page 567: ...TING Selects limit testing mode grading or sorting Figure F 5 and Figure F 6 MODE Query limit testing mode BCONtrol IMMEDIATE END Selects binning control for grading mode immediate at fail ure or end...

Page 568: ...t SYSTem CCHEck RESistance NRf Select threshold resistance 0 to 60 NRf 0 to 2 Selects 2 threshold resistance 2 to 15 Selects 15 threshold resistance 15 to 60 Selects 50 threshold resistance SYSTem CCH...

Page 569: ...remote Table F 4 Contact check programming example Command Description RST SYST CCH ON SYST CCH RES 2 SYST RSEN ON CALC2 LIM4 STAT ON CALC2 LIM4 SOUR2 15 SENS FUNC RES TRIG SEQ2 SOUR CCH TRIG SEQ2 TOU...

Page 570: ...15 15 to 60 50 Query RESistance Query contact check threshold resistance Description This command sets the contact threshold resistance value Factory default 50 The contact check function will indica...

Page 571: ...f NDN CALCulate2 LIMit4 SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify pattern LIMIT 4 failure Parameters NRf 0 to 7 3 bit Decimal value 0 to 15 4 bit Decimal value NDN 0 to b111 3 bit Binary value 0 to b1111 4 bit Binary v...

Page 572: ...event detection Query SOURce Query state of contact check event detection Description This command enables or disables the contact check event detection When event detection is enabled the unit will...

Page 573: ...tection enabled the unit will wait indefinitely Contact check defaults Table F 5 summarizes default settings for various contact check modes along with the equivalent remote commands Table F 5 Contact...

Page 574: ...G GPIB488 1Protocol Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 575: ...NTER to display the COMMUNICATIONS SETUP menu 3 Place the cursor on GPIB and press ENTER to display the present GPIB address 4 Press ENTER to display the GPIB PROTOCOL menu 5 Place the cursor on 488 1...

Page 576: ...The following command strings are valid SOUR1 VOLTage STARt 1 STOP 10 step 1 volt nplc 1 0 curr rang min RES RANG MAX READ When a query is sent either the data must be read back or a Device Clear DCL...

Page 577: ...done to support GET SDC IFC TRG RCL RST SYSTem PRESet and ABORt during data acquisition NDAC hold off NDAC hold off is included with the GPIB 488 1 protocol mode to allow a single instru ment to hold...

Page 578: ...be set when the query is fin ished being processed not when there is data available in the output buffer as with the SCPI protocol For the 488 1 protocol output data will not be formatted until the fi...

Page 579: ...n can be increased by almost 50 Table G 1 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for measure only sweep operation rdgs sec Speed NPLC Trig origin SCPI 488 1 Improvement Fast 0 01 internal 1198 7 1759 6...

Page 580: ...al 56 6 56 9 0 48 Note Pass Fail test performed using one high limit and one low math limit Table G 4 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for source memory sweep operation rdgs sec Speed NPLC Trig or...

Page 581: ...e measure single shot operation rdgs sec Speed NPLC Trig origin SCPI 488 1 Improvement Fast 0 01 internal 79 5 140 0 76 15 Medium 0 10 internal 72 9 116 9 60 27 Normal 1 00 internal 34 9 42 3 21 20 No...

Page 582: ...ties Source measure 3 3 Carrying case 1 5 Case sensitivity 14 13 Circuit configurations Basic 3 8 Measure only 6 33 Source I 6 31 Source V 6 32 Clearing registers and queues 15 4 Command reference CAL...

Page 583: ...r pattern 12 17 Digits 7 5 Display Disabling 1 25 Format 1 14 Remote programming 1 15 E EDIT key 1 14 Errors Eliminating common SCPI errors B 8 Examples Contact check function programming example F 16...

Page 584: ...selection G 2 Reading speed comparisons G 6 Standards 14 4 Status indicators 14 9 GPIB protocol G 1 Grading mode limits operation 12 5 GTL go to local 14 8 Guard 6 34 Cable 2 8 6 34 Methods 2 8 Ohms...

Page 585: ...ion 4 9 Guard 2 9 6 35 Manual measurements 4 5 Measurement methods 4 3 Measurements 4 1 Offset compensated 4 9 Programming example 4 13 Remote programming 4 12 Selecting measurement method 4 4 Sensing...

Page 586: ...ters Bit descriptions 15 11 Clearing 15 4 Condition 15 16 Event 15 16 Event enable 15 17 Measurement event 15 13 Operation event 15 12 Questionable event 15 15 Reading 15 6 Serial polling and SRQ 15 9...

Page 587: ...NFigure function 17 2 FETCh 17 3 MEASure function 17 5 READ 17 4 SENSe 1 DATA LATest 17 4 Single element device binning 12 14 Sink operation 3 22 Programming example 3 24 Source delay 3 12 Source I me...

Page 588: ...ont panel operation 11 2 Invalid Pulse Mode settings 11 34 Pulse Mode Model 2430 11 30 Remote commands 11 18 Remote example 11 28 Remote model 11 11 Remote operation 11 11 V Varistor alpha math functi...

Page 589: ...Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 590: ...ed input Calibration only Certificate of calibration required Data required attach any additional sheets as necessary Show a block diagram of your measurement including all instruments connected wheth...

Page 591: ...Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 592: ...Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com...

Page 593: ...4 93 07 34 GREAT BRITAIN Unit 2 Commerce Park Brunel Road Theale Berkshire RG7 4AB 0118 929 7500 Fax 0118 929 7519 INDIA Flat 2B Willocrissa 14 Rest House Crescent Bangalore 560 001 91 80 509 1320 21...

Page 594: ...service in house repair center WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT Sell your excess underutilized and idle used equipment We also offer credit for buy backs and trade ins www artisantg com WeBuyEquipment REMOTE IN...

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