![background image](http://html1.mh-extra.com/html/arteche/smart-p500/smart-p500_instruction-manual_2977391075.webp)
1BPROTECTION FUNCTIONS
PROTECTION, CONTROL AND METERING FUNCTIONS
Once the voltage and current to be used are determined its angular difference is
obtained and it is compared with the tripping zone defined by the direction and the
maximum torque angle configured for phase faults.
2.1.4.4. PHASE TO PHASE FAULT TREATMENT
For faults between two or more phases with or without neutral intervention the
following polarization possibilities are available:
Fault voltage, here for AB faults Vab and Iab are used. For BC Vbc and Ibc are
used and for CA faults Vca and Ica are used.
Positive sequence voltage. Here the V
1
and I
1
of the system are used for the
comparison.
Negative sequence voltage. Here the V
2
and I
2
of the system are used for the
comparison.
Quadrature voltage. Here Vc and Iab are used for AB faults, Va and Ibc for BC
faults and Vb and Iac for AC faults. As it is the case with phase to ground
faults the voltage phasor is turned -90° (see that the minus sign appears here)
before the angular difference is obtained and projected in the trip/block zone.
There is a special case of phase to phase faults. The three phase fault. Here the
protection evaluates the direction of the three fault loops (ab, bc, ca) and defines the
direction using a voting mechanism. If two or more phases indicate that the fault was
in some direction the fault is considered to have occurred in such direction.
2.1.4.5. NEUTRAL FAULTS
When there is only an indication of pickup for neutral protections the fault is classified
as a neutral fault. In this case two options are available for the polarization voltage
and current :
Zero sequence voltage. Here the V
0
e I
0
.of the systems are used for the
comparison.
Summary of Contents for smART P500
Page 1: ...Instruction Manual Multifunction Protection Relay smART P500...
Page 23: ...2BTABLES INDEX THIS PAGE HAS BEEN LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY...
Page 39: ...5BHARDWARE FEATURES INTRODUCTION Figure 1 9 Wye Wye Connection measured neutral...
Page 40: ...5BHARDWARE FEATURES INTRODUCTION Figure 1 10 Wye Wye Connection sensitive neutral...
Page 41: ...5BHARDWARE FEATURES INTRODUCTION Figure 1 11 Open Delta Connection measured neutral...
Page 42: ...5BHARDWARE FEATURES INTRODUCTION Figure 1 12 Open Delta Connection sensitive neutral...
Page 511: ...2BANSI CURVES 0BCURVES FOR TIME CHARACTERISTICS Figure I 6 Moderately ANSI curve...
Page 513: ...2BANSI CURVES 0BCURVES FOR TIME CHARACTERISTICS Figure I 7 Very inverse ANSI curve...
Page 515: ...2BANSI CURVES 0BCURVES FOR TIME CHARACTERISTICS Figure I 8 Extremely inverse ANSI curve...
Page 532: ...4BRECLOSER CURVES 0BCURVES FOR TIME CHARACTERISTICS Figure I 14 Recloser Curves 101 119...
Page 535: ...4BRECLOSER CURVES 0BCURVES FOR TIME CHARACTERISTICS Figure I 15 Recloser Curves 120 142...
Page 538: ...4BRECLOSER CURVES 0BCURVES FOR TIME CHARACTERISTICS Figure I 16 Recloser Curves 151 202...