ro
UHD XQHL PÅġWL GH SURWHFĥLH D UHVSLUDĥLHL FX
FODVD GH ILOWUDUH 3 5HVSHFWDĥL SUHVFULSĥL
LOH YDODELOH °Q ĥDUD GXPQHDYRDVWUÅ SHQWUX
PDWHULDOHOH FDUH VH SUHOXFUHD]Å
0DQHYUDUHD ġL IRORVLUHD FX SUHFDXĥLH D
VFXOHORU HOHFWULFH
D $
$VLJXUDĥL SLHVD FDUH VH SUHOXFUHD]Å )ROR
VLĥL GLVSR]LWLYH GH SULQGHUH VDX R PHQJKLQÅ
SHQWUX D IL[D SLHVD GH SUHOXFUDW 3LHVD HVWH
DVWIHO DVLJXUDWÅ PDL ELQH GHF¤W GDFÅ HVWH
ĥLQXWÅ °Q P¤QÅ ġL VXSOLPHQWDU DYHĥL DPEHOH
P¤LQL OLEHUH SHQWUX PDQHYUDUHD DSDUDWXOXL
E $
$VLJXUDĥLYÅ FÅ DFFHVRULLOH SRVHGÅ VLVWH
PXO GH SULQGHUH SRWULYLW SHQWUX DSDUDW ġL
VXQW EORFDWH FRUHVSXQ]ÅWRU °Q PDQGULQD
DSDUDWXOXL
0DQHYUDUHD ġL IRORVLUHD FX SUHFDXĥLH D
PDġLQLORU FX DFXPXODWRUL
D $
$VLJXUDĥLYÅ FÅ DSDUDWXO HVWH GHFRQHFWDW
°QDLQWH GH D LQWURGXFH DFXPXODWRUXO ,QWUR
GXFHUHD XQXL DFXPXODWRU °QWUR VFXOÅ HOHF
WULFÅ DIODWÅ °Q VWDUH FRQHFWDWÅ SRDWH SURGXFH
DFFLGHQWH
E )
)HULĥL SDFKHWHOH GH DFXPXODWRUL GH LQIOXHQĥD
WHPSHUDWXULORU °QDOWH ġL D IRFXOXL 3HULFRO GH
H[SOR]LH
F 3
3DFKHWHOH GH DFXPXODWRUL QX DX YRLH VÅ
ILH GH]PHPEUDWH VWULYLWH °QFÅO]LWH OD SHVWH
r& VDX DUVH Q FD] FRQWUDU DSDUH SHUL
FROXO GH LQFHQGLX H[SOR]LH ġL SURGXFHUH D
LULWDĥLLORU GH QDWXUÅ FKLPLFÅ
G (
(YLWDĥL SÅWUXQGHUHD XPLGLWÅĥLL8PLGLWDWHD
SRDWH FDX]D XQ VFXUWFLUFXLW ġL SRDWH SURYRFD
DUVXUL VDX LQFHQGLL
H 1
1X XWLOL]DĥL QLFLXQ IHO GH SDFKHWH GH DFXPX
ODWRUL FX H[FHSĥLD FHORU DYL]DWH SHQWUX DSD
UDWXO UHVSHFWLY /D XWLOL]DUHD DOWRU SDFKHWH GH
DFXPXODWRUL VDX OD XWLOL]DUHD SDFKHWHORU GH
DFXPXODWRUL °Q DOWH VFRSXUL DSDUH SHULFROXO
GH LQFHQGLX ġL H[SOR]LH
I 5
5HVSHFWDĥL GLUHFWLYHOH
VSHFLDOH
SHQWUX
WUDQVSRUWXO GHSR]LWDUHD ġL H[SORDWDUHD
SDFKHWHORU GH DFXPXODWRUL /Lತ,RQ
J QOÅWXUDĥL SDFKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL OD GHSR
]LWDUHD ġL WUDQVSRUWXO PDġLQLL
K (
(YLWDĥL VFXUWFLUFXLWDUHD SDFKHWXOXL GH DFX
PXODWRUL QDLQWH GH LQWURGXFHUHD SDFKHWX
OXL GH DFXPXODWRUL °Q PDġLQÅ YHULILFDĥL FD
OD FRQWDFWHOH SDFKHWXOXL GH DFXPXODWRUL ġL
°Q PDġLQÅ VÅ QX H[LVWH FRUSXUL VWUÅLQH Q
FD]XO F¤QG FRQWDFWHOH XQXL SDFKHW GH DFX
PXODWRUL VXQW VFXUWFLUFXLWDWH DSDUH SHULFROXO
GH DSULQGHUH H[SOR]LH ġL SURYRFDUH D DUVX
ULORU FKLPLFH
L 3
3DFKHWHOH GH DFXPXODWRUL GHWHULRUDWH GH
H[ SDFKHWHOH GH DFXPXODWRUL FX ILVXUL
SLHVH UXSWH °QGRLWH DY¤QG FRQWDFWHOH
°PSLQVH VSUH LQWHULRU ġL VDX VFRDVH IRUĥDW
QX DX YRLH VÅ ILH QLFL °QFÅUFDWH QLFL
XWLOL]DWH °Q FRQWLQXDUH
M 'DFÅ SDFKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL HVWH SUHD ILHU
ELQWH SHQWUX D IL DSXFDW FX P¤QD HVWH SR
VLELO VÅ ILH GHIHFW $
$ġH]DĥL DSDUDWXO °QWUXQ
ORF °Q FDUH QX H[LVWÅ SHULFRO GH LQFHQGLX
PLQ P GLVWDQĥÅ GH PDWHULDOH LQIODPD
ELOH XQGH SRDWH IL ĥLQXW VXE REVHUYDĥLH ġL
OÅVDĥLO VÅ VH UÅFHDVFÅ /XDĥL OHJÅWXUD FX
FHQWUXO GH VLOWL GXSÅ FH SDFKHWXO GH
DFXPXODWRUL VD UÅFLW
6HFXULWDWHD HOHFWULFÅ
QDLQWH GH °QFHSHUHD OXFUXOXL YHULILFDĥL GDFÅ
°Q ]RQD GH OXFUX H[LVWÅ DVFXQġL FRQGXFWRUL
HOHFWULFL VDX ĥHYL GH JD] ġL GH DSÅ GH H[
FX XQ GHWHFWRU GH PHWDOH 3LHVHOH PHWDOLFH
DIODWH °Q FRQWDFW H[WHULRU FX DSDUDWXO VH SRW DIOD
VXE WHQVLXQH °Q FD]XO °Q FDUH VSUH H[HPSOX
DĥL GHWHULRUDW GLQ JUHġHDOÅ XQ FRQGXFWRU HOHF
WULF $FHVW OXFUX UHSUH]LQWÅ XQ SHULFRO VHULRV GH
HOHFWURFXWDUH
/RFXO GH PXQFÅ
D $
$VLJXUDĥL XQ LOXPLQDW EXQ °Q ]RQD GH OXFUX
E $
$VLJXUDĥL R DHULVLUH VXILFLHQWÅ D ORFXOXL GH
PXQFÅ $HULVLUHD LQVXILFLHQWÅ D ORFXOXL GH
PXQFÅ SRDWH DYHD HIHFWH QRFLYH DVXSUD VÅ
QÅWÅĥLL GLQ FDX]D SROXÅULL FX SUDI
(FKLSDPHQWXO SHUVRQDO GH SURWHFĥLH
Q WLPSXO IRORVLULL PDġLQLL XWLOL]DWRUXO ġL SHU
VRDQHOH DIODWH °Q DSURSLHUH WUHEXLH VÅ SRDUWH
HFKLSDPHQW GH SURWHFĥLH DGHFYDW RFKHODUL
FDVFÅ GH SURWHFĥLH FÅġWL DQWLIRQLFH PÅQXġL
ġL R PDVFÅ XġRDUÅ GH SURWHFĥLH UHVSLUDWRULH
3XQHUHD °Q IXQFĥLXQH
0DQLSXODUHD FX SUHFDXĥLL D SDFKHWHORU
GH DFXPXODWRUL
,1',&$Ĥ,(
/D WHPSHUDWXUL MRDVH UDQGDPHQWXO SDFKHWXOXL
GH DFXPXODWRUL VFDGH /XFUDĥL QXPDL FX SD
FKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL FRPSOHW °QFÅUFDW $FHVW
OXFUX PD[LPL]HD]Å UDQGDPHQWXO SDFKHWXOXL GH
DFXPXODWRUL 6FKLPEDĥL SULPXO SDFKHW GH DFX
PXODWRUL FX DO GRLOHD LPHGLDW FH DĥL REVHUYDW R
VFÅGHUH D SHUIRUPDQĥHORU QFÅUFDĥL LPHGLDW SD
FKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL SHQWUX XUPÅWRUXO VFKLPE
'HSR]LWDĥL SDFKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL SH F¤W SR
VLELO °Q VSDĥLL UHFL ġL XVFDWH 1X GHSR]LWDĥL SD
FKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL °Q SR]LĥLL H[SXVH OD VRDUH
OD VXUVH GH °QFÅO]LUH VDX °Q VSDWHOH JHDPXUL
ORU /D ILQDOXO GXUDWHL GH VHUYLFLX SDFKHWHOH GH
DFXPXODWRUL WUHEXLH VÅ ILH HYDFXDWH FD GHġH
XUL °Q FRQIRUPLWDWH FX QRUPHOH GH SURWHFĥLH D
PHGLXOXL
QFÅUFDUHD SDFKHWXOXL GH DFXPXODWRUL
3(5,&2/
8WLOL]DĥL QXPDL SDFKHWHOH GH DFXPXLOWL
ġL UHGUHVLOWL SUHYÅ]XWH FDUH VXQW SUH
]HQWDWH OD ಱ$FFHVRULLಯ
3ULPD °QFÅUFDUH D XQXL SDFKHW GH
DFXPXODWRUL QRX
QFÅUFDĥL FRPSOHW SDFKHWHOH GH DFXPXODWRUL °QD
LQWH GH SULPD SXQHUH °Q IXQFĥLXQH
QFÅUFDUHD XQXL SDFKHW GH DFXPXODWRUL
IRORVLW
$VLJXUDĥLYÅ FÅ VXSUDIHĥHOH H[WHULRDUH DOH SD
FKHWXOXL GH DFXPXODWRUL VXQW FXUDWH ġL XVFDWH
°QDLQWH GH D LQWURGXFH SDFKHWXO GH DFXPXODWRUL
°Q UHGUHVRUXO FRUHVSXQ]ÅWRU
3HQWUX SURFHGHXO GH °QFÅUFDUH FLWLĥL PDQXDOXO
GH XWLOL]DUH DO UHGUHVRUXOXL
3DFKHWHOH GH DFXPXODWRUL /Lತ,RQ VXQW SUHJÅWLWH
GH XWLOL]DUH °Q RULFH PRPHQW FKLDU ġL °Q VWDUH
SDUĥLDO °QFÅUFDWÅ 3URJUHVXO RSHUDĥLHL GH °QFÅU
FDUH HVWH LQGLFDW SULQ LQWHUPHGLXO /('XULORU
YH]L PDQXDOXO GH XWLOL]DUH DO UHGUHVRUXOXL
,QWURGXFHUHD SDFKHWXOXL GH DFXPXODWRUL
$9(57,60(17
QDLQWH GH XWLOL]DUHD SDFKHWXOXL GH DFXPXOD
WRUL DVLJXUDĥLYÅ FÅ DSDUDWXO HVWH GHFRQHFWDW
ġL VLJXUDQĥD °PSRWULYD FRQHFWÅULL HVWH DFWLYDWÅ
LQYHUVRUXO SHQWUX URWDĥLH GUHDSWD VW¤QJD HVWH
°Q SR]LĥLD FHQWUDOÅ 8WLOL]DĥL QXPDL SDFKHWHOH
GH DFXPXLOWL DYL]DWH SHQWUX DSDUDWXO
GXPQHDYRDVWUÅ
$9(57,60(17
QDLQWH GH LQWURGXFHUHD SDFKHWXOXL GH DFX
PXODWRUL °Q DSDUDW YHULILFDĥL FD OD FRQWDFWHOH
SDFKHWXOXL GH DFXPXODWRUL ġL OD FRQWDFWHOH GLQ
DSDUDW VÅ QX H[LVWH FRUSXUL VWUÅLQH
303
304
SFC22_A_SFC14_A_P1A_01_12_2010.qxd 2.12.2010 16:20 Uhr Se