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urer

ADAM-4015-CE External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input module, pre-

configured

Requires an external power

module

Advanced Co.

Ltd.

Q-M257

-M257

Instruction manual

Version: 2.07

505

Содержание AQ-M257

Страница 1: ...AQ M257 Motor protection IED Instruction manual...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...9 5 4 9 Low impedance or high impedance restricted earth fault cable end differential protection I0d 87N 124 5 4 10 Overvoltage protection U 59 133 5 4 11 Undervoltage protection U 27 140 5 4 12 Neutr...

Страница 4: ...asurements to communication 435 6 4 Modbus Gateway 437 7 Connections and applic 7 Connections and applica ation examples tion examples 440 440 7 1 Connections of AQ M257 440 7 2 Application example an...

Страница 5: ...U 59 486 9 2 1 10 Undervoltage protection U 27 487 9 2 1 11 Neutral overvoltage protection U0 59N 488 9 2 1 12 Sequence voltage protection U1 U2 47 27P 59NP 488 9 2 1 13 Overfrequency and underfrequen...

Страница 6: ...11 Contact and r 11 Contact and re ef fer erence inf ence informa ormation tion 507 507 A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 4 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021...

Страница 7: ...e warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instruc...

Страница 9: ...ing Added current measurement side selection description to functions with such feature Added General menu description Revision 2 01 Date 6 11 2019 Changes Added description for LED test and button te...

Страница 10: ...00 mHz s Changed disturbance recorder maximum digital channel amount from 32 to 95 Added residual current coarse and fine measurement data to disturbance recorder description Event read mode parameter...

Страница 11: ...roved alarm function color behavior description and images Added operation time with different measurement values vs setting ratio in instant operation mode to non directional overcurrent function des...

Страница 12: ...tion Internal harmonics blocking to I I0 I0dir function descriptions Non standard delay curves added Event lists revised on several functions RTD mA card description improvements Ring lug CT card opti...

Страница 13: ...t transformer supervision DG Distributed generation DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DI Digital input DO Digital output DOL Direct on line DR Disturbance recorder DT Definite time FF Fundament...

Страница 14: ...S Root mean square RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RTD Resistance temperature detector RTU Remote terminal unit SCADA Supervisory control and data acquisition SG Setting group SOTF Switch on to faul...

Страница 15: ...D For other AQ 200 series products please consult their respective device manuals AQ M257 offers a modular motor protection and control solution for asynchronous or synchronous motors requiring differ...

Страница 16: ...with programmable legend texts 3 Three 3 object control buttons Choose the controllable object with the Ctrl Ctrl button and control the breaker or other object with the I I and the O O buttons 4 The...

Страница 17: ...utton test menu It displays all the physical buttons on the front panel Pressing any of the listed buttons marks them as tested When all buttons are marked as having been tested the device will return...

Страница 18: ...evels are divided as follows User Can view any menus and settings but cannot change any settings nor operate breakers or other equipment Operator Can view any menus and settings but cannot change any...

Страница 19: ...ercurrent protection X X X NEF 4 I0 I0 I0 I0 50N 51N Non directional earth fault protection X X X DEF 4 I0dir I0dir I0dir I0dir 67N 32N Directional earth fault protection X X X OV 4 U U U U 59 Overvol...

Страница 20: ...X X X UPF 1 PF 55 Power factor protection X X RTD 1 Resistance temperature detectors X X X PQS 4 P Q S P Q S P Q S P Q S 32 Power protection X X X UIM 2 Z Z 21U Underimpedance protection X X URX 2 X X...

Страница 21: ...our counter X X X MR Measurement recorder X X X VREC Measurement value recorder X X X 5 2 Measurements 5 2 1 Current measurement and scaling in differential applications The current measurement module...

Страница 22: ...et correctly The relay calculates the scaling factors based on the set values of the CT primary the CT secondary and the nominal current The relay measures the secondary current the current output fro...

Страница 23: ...for sensitive earth fault protection and their rated secondary may be as low as 0 2 A in some cases The following chapter is an example on how to set the scaling of the relay measurements for the sel...

Страница 24: ...tial calculation mode setting has to be set to Subtract Protection TrafoModule Idx 87T 87N Settings This way the direction of the measured currents are checked correctly from the relay s perspective T...

Страница 25: ...tected transformer are calculated based on the values set in the Transformer characteristics menu Protection TrafoModule TSTAT INFO The ratio between the CT modules 1 and 2 can be set in their respect...

Страница 26: ...oarse The residual current CT is connected to the first CTM directly which requires the use of sensitive residual current measurement settings the Residual I02 CT scaling settings are set according to...

Страница 27: ...culation mode has to be set to Add Protection TrafoModule Idx 87T 87N Settings The difference with the first application is that here the CTs point towards the protected object instead of pointing thr...

Страница 28: ...2 are pointing at each other The nominal currents on both the HV and the LV sides are the same as in Application 1 However the CTs secondary current levels have been changed to 2 A on the HV side and...

Страница 29: ...The default setting is for the positive current to flow from connector 5 to connector 6 with the secondary currents starpoint pointing towards the line CT scaling factor P S A relay feedback value th...

Страница 30: ...00 000 0 001 The peak to peak current measurement in p u from each of the phase current channels Table 5 2 1 12 Primary phase current measurements Name Unit Range Step Description Primary phase curren...

Страница 31: ...e calculated current channel I0 Primary residual current I0x TRMS Res curr I01 TRMS Pri A 0 000 1000000 000 0 001 The TRMS current inc harmonics up to 31st measurement from the primary residual curren...

Страница 32: ...0 001 The primary measurement from the calculated zero sequence current Table 5 2 1 21 Secondary sequence current measurements Name Unit Range Step Description Secondary positive sequence current Sec...

Страница 33: ...d 31st harmonic A 0 000 1000000 000 0 001 Displays the selected harmonic from the current input ILx or I0x 5 2 2 Voltage measurement and scaling The voltage measurement module VT module or VTM is used...

Страница 34: ...VTs is 400 V 60 kV while the secondary voltage ratings are 100 V 210 V Non standard ratings can also be directly connected as the scaling settings are flexible and have large ranges Example of VT sca...

Страница 35: ...el in this case a 20 increase equals 4000 V Once the settings have been sent to the device relay calculates the scaling factors and displays them for the user The VT scaling factor P S describes the r...

Страница 36: ...line measurement If only two line to line voltages are measured the third one UL31 is calculated based on the UL12 and UL23 vectors When measuring line to line voltages the line to neutral voltages ca...

Страница 37: ...ce voltage which has the same ratio 20 000 100 V Figure 5 2 2 15 Relay behavior when nominal voltage injected The image collection below presents the relay s behavior when voltage is injected into the...

Страница 38: ...tion device or the VTs and the relay The measured voltage amplitudes are OK but the angles are strange The voltage unbalance protection trips immediately after activation The earth fault protection tr...

Страница 39: ...SS VT primary 1 1000000V 0 1V 20000 0V The primary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS VT This setting is only valid if the 2LL U3 U4 mode is selected U3 Res SS VT secondary 0 2 400V 0 1V 100 0...

Страница 40: ...unit value This setting is only valid if the 2LL U3 U4 mode is selected Measurements The following measurements are available in the measured voltage channels Table 5 2 2 26 Per unit voltage measureme...

Страница 41: ...0 0 01 The secondary measurement from the calculated positive sequence voltage Secondary negative sequence voltage Neg seq Volt sec V 0 00 4800 0 0 01 The secondary measurement from the calculated ne...

Страница 42: ...nitude UL3 System volt UL3 mag V 0 00 1000000 00 0 01 The primary RMS line to neutral UL3 voltage measured or calculated You can also select the row where the unit for this is kV System voltage magnit...

Страница 43: ...sured or calculated System voltage angle U0 System volt U0 ang deg 0 00 360 0 0 01 The primary zero sequence angle U0 measured or calculated System voltage angle U3 System volt U3 ang deg 0 00 360 0 0...

Страница 44: ...n to power calculations energy magnitudes are also calculated Power is divided into three magnitudes apparent power S active power P and reactive power Q Energy measurement calculates magnitudes for a...

Страница 45: ...irection of reactive power is divided into four quadrants Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan tangent...

Страница 46: ...energy measurement 3ph reactive energy measurement 0 Disabled 1 Enabled 0 Disabled Enables disables the reactive and apparent energy measurement 3ph energy megas or kilos 0 Mega 1 Kilo 0 Mega Defines...

Страница 47: ...counters generally Clear pulse counter 0 1 Clear 0 Resets the DC 1 4 Pulses sent counters back to zero DC 1 4 enable 0 Disabled 1 Enabled 0 Disabled Enables disables the energy dose counter 1 4 indiv...

Страница 48: ...1x106 0 01 The apparent power of Phase Lx in kilo volt amperes Lx Active power P kW 1x106 1x106 0 01 The active power of Phase Lx in kilowatts Lx Reactive power Q kVar 1x106 1x106 0 01 The reactive p...

Страница 49: ...5 2 3 42 Single phase energy calculations L1 L3 Name Range Step Description Export Active Energy Lx kWh or MWh 1x109 1x109 0 01 The exported active energy of the phase Import Active Energy kWh or MWh...

Страница 50: ...lue Name Value L1 S L1 S 4 08 MVA L2 S L2 S 6 15 MVA L3 S L3 S 9 77 MVA 3P 3PH S H S 20 00 MVA L1 P L1 P 2 89 MW L2 P L2 P 4 72 MW L3 P L3 P 9 71 MW 3P 3PH P H P 17 32 MW L1 Q L1 Q 2 89 Mvar L2 Q L2 Q...

Страница 51: ...ing can be set to the frequency tracking mode or to the fixed user defined frequency sampling mode The benefit of frequency tracking is that the measurements are within a pre defined accuracy range ev...

Страница 52: ...ibrate the analog channels against eight 8 system frequency points for both magnitude and angle This frequency dependent correction compensates the frequency dependencies in the used non linear measur...

Страница 53: ...uality is 0 and cannot be used for frequency tracking If all channels magnitudes are below the threshold there are no trackable channels Frequency measurement in use 0 No track ch 1 Ref1 2 Ref2 3 Ref3...

Страница 54: ...asurement SS1 meas frqs 0 000 75 000Hz 0 001Hz Displays frequency used by system set channel 1 and 2 SS2 meas frqs SS1f meas from 0 Not measurable 1 Fast Ref U3 2 Fast Ref U4 Displays which voltage ch...

Страница 55: ...play brightness Brightness level 0 turns the display off Display sleep timeout 0 3600s 0s If no buttons are pressed after a set time the display changes the brightness to whatever is set on the Displa...

Страница 56: ...tion of the unit UTC time The UTC time value which the device s clock uses 5 4 Protection functions 5 4 1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic struct...

Страница 57: ...un in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 A...

Страница 58: ...tage value before the function takes action The function constantly calculates the ratio between the pick up parameter set by the user and the measured magnitude Xm The reset ratio of 97 is built into...

Страница 59: ...tion causes an HMI display event and a time stamped blocking event with information of the startup current values and its fault type to be issued The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissi...

Страница 60: ...or the time counter The selection is made between dependent IDMT and independent DT characteristics Definite min operating time delay 0 000 1800 000s 0 005s 0 040s When the Delay type parameter is set...

Страница 61: ...y the Param option allows the tuning of the constants A B and C which then allows the setting of characteristics following the same formula as the IEEE curves mentioned here This setting is active and...

Страница 62: ...es The setting parameters and their ranges are documented in the chapters of the respective function blocks Table 5 4 1 48 Inverse operating time formulas for nonstandard characteristics RI type RD ty...

Страница 63: ...of the timer Op Time calculation reset after release time 0 No 1 Yes 1 Yes Operating timer resetting characteristics selection When active the operating time counter is reset after a set release time...

Страница 64: ...ck up release delay counter is reset at signal drop off Figure 5 4 1 27 Delayed pick up release delay counter value is held during the release time A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 62...

Страница 65: ...ion Normal Start Trip Blocked etc in the Info page of the function NO NOTE TE When Stage forcing is enabled protection functions will also change state through user input Injected currents voltages al...

Страница 66: ...ion function is the three pole operation The inputs for the function are the following operating mode selections setting parameters digital inputs and logic signals measured and pre processed current...

Страница 67: ...peak measurement of phase L3 C current 5ms The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter In all possible input channel variations the pre fault condition is presented with a 2...

Страница 68: ...s Live Edit mode is active Table 5 4 2 53 Information displayed by the function Name Range Step Description I LN behaviour 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off Displays the mode of NOC block Thi...

Страница 69: ...rocess the situation further If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick up signal is re...

Страница 70: ...fers four 4 independent stages the events are segregated for each stage operation The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values Table 5 4 2 55 Event...

Страница 71: ...A Trip ON NOC2 Phase A Trip OFF NOC2 Phase B Trip ON NOC2 Phase B Trip OFF NOC2 Phase C Trip ON NOC2 Phase C Trip OFF NOC3 Start ON NOC3 Start OFF NOC3 Trip ON NOC3 Trip OFF NOC3 Block ON NOC3 Block...

Страница 72: ...rrent Start Trip current Start 200ms current 0 ms 1800s Setting group 1 8 active 5 4 3 Non directional earth fault protection I0 50N 51N The non directional earth fault function is used for instant an...

Страница 73: ...selections setting parameters digital inputs and logic signals measured and pre processed current magnitudes The function s outputs are START TRIP and BLOCKED signals which can be used for direct I O...

Страница 74: ...f the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter In all possible input channel variations the pre fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from 20 ms from a START or TRIP...

Страница 75: ...n 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off Displays the mode of NEF block This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu I0 condition 0 Normal 1 Start...

Страница 76: ...up current values and its fault type to be issued The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software switch signal when the relay s testing mode Enable stage forcing is ac...

Страница 77: ...800s Setting group 1 8 active 5 4 4 Directional overcurrent protection Idir 67 The directional overcurrent function is used for instant and time delayed overcurrent and short circuits A device with bo...

Страница 78: ...tion are the following operating mode selections setting parameters digital inputs and logic signals measured and pre processed current magnitudes The function s outputs are START TRIP and BLOCKED sig...

Страница 79: ...rement of phase L3 C current 5ms IL1TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L1 A current 5ms IL2TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L2 B current 5ms IL3TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L3 C current 5ms IL1PP Peak to...

Страница 80: ...ea is 88 176 The reference angle is based on the calculated positive sequence voltage U1 angle If the U1voltage is not available and only line to line voltages are measured the reference angle is base...

Страница 81: ...sible to perform a trip when the amplitude of IL1 IL2 or IL3 increases above the pick up limit If the 3LL mode is used without the U0 measurement in a single phase fault situation the voltage referenc...

Страница 82: ...of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu Operating angle now 360 00 360 00deg 0 01deg The positive sequence current angle in relation to the positive sequence voltage Expected operating time...

Страница 83: ...ormation of the startup current values and its fault type to be issued The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software switch signal when the relay s testing mode Enabl...

Страница 84: ...ng OFF DOC2 Measuring live angle ON DOC2 Measuring live angle OFF DOC2 Using voltmem ON DOC2 Using voltmem OFF DOC3 Start ON DOC3 Start OFF DOC3 Trip ON DOC3 Trip OFF DOC3 Block ON DOC3 Block OFF DOC3...

Страница 85: ...ed neutral current and voltage magnitudes which the function constantly measures The available residual current magnitudes are RMS values TRMS values including harmonics up to 31st or peak to peak val...

Страница 86: ...e following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional earth fault function Figure 5 4 5 36 Simplified function block diagram of the I0dir function Measured input The funct...

Страница 87: ...define the general behavior of the function These settings are static i e it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group Table 5 4 5 72 General settings of the function Name Range Defa...

Страница 88: ...ed 32N Var 2 Petersen coil GND 32N Watt 3 Grounded 67N 4 I0Cos I0Sin broad range with MCD 32N Var Watt 1 Unearthed Multi criteria detection Activation of detecting healthy or unhealthy feeder by analy...

Страница 89: ...nd into a faulty feeder Healthy feeders do not trip since capacitive current is floating to the opposite direction and selective tripping can be ensured The amplitude of the fault current depends on t...

Страница 90: ...etersen coil earthed Compensated network 32N There are many benefits to a Petersen coil earthed network The amount of automatic reclosing is highly decreased and the maintenance of the breakers is the...

Страница 91: ...ully compensated The network is overcompensated when the K factor is greater than 1 0 and undercompensated when the K factor is smaller than 1 0 The inductance connected to the star point of an incomi...

Страница 92: ...de of a single phase fault current is similar to the amplitude of a short circuit current Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission distribution and industry The p...

Страница 93: ...ts two modes are used depending on the network status unearthed or compensated When changing between these two statuses the setting group must be changed and especially with distributed compensation t...

Страница 94: ...against I0 CT errors in compensated long healthy lines Figure 5 4 5 41 Effect of angle divider when in use and when disabled To receive a more accurate indication as to whether the fault was in a comp...

Страница 95: ...ccurs When IDMT mode is used the expected operating time depends on the measured current value If the measured current changes during a fault the expected operating time changes accordingly Time remai...

Страница 96: ...ion and its section Operating time characteristics for trip and reset Events and registers The directional overcurrent function abbreviated DEF in event block names generates events and registers from...

Страница 97: ...Start ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF3 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip OFF DEF3 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF3 I0Sinfi Trip OFF DEF4 Start ON DEF4 Start OFF DEF4 Tri...

Страница 98: ...tudes which the function constantly measures In the broken conductor mode I2 I1 the minimum allowed loading current is also monitored in the phase current magnitudes There are two possible operating m...

Страница 99: ...ents a simplified function block diagram of the current unbalance function Figure 5 4 6 42 Simplified function block diagram of the I2 function Measured input The function block uses analog current me...

Страница 100: ...detecting unbalance Pick up The setting parameters I2set and I2 I1set control the the pick up of the I2 function They define the maximum allowed measured negative sequence current or the negative pos...

Страница 101: ...a software switch signal when the relay s testing mode Enable stage forcing is activated General Device The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system The blocking signal needs to...

Страница 102: ...In the release delay option the operating time counter calculates the operating time during the release When using this option the function does not trip if the input signal is not re activated while...

Страница 103: ...egisters its operation into the last twelve 12 time stamped registers The register of the function records the ON event process data for START TRIP or BLOCKED The table below presents the structure of...

Страница 104: ...ituation lasts longer the TRIP signal can be used on other actions as time delayed The IDMT operation supports both IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters The operational logic...

Страница 105: ...harmonic component or to the harmonic component percentage content compared to the RMS values A 20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre fault data registering Table 5 4 7 84 Mea...

Страница 106: ...ent components Fundamental 2nd harmonic 3rd harmonic 4th harmonic 5th harmonic 6th harmonic 7th harmonic 9th harmonic 11th harmonic 13th harmonic 15th harmonic 17th harmonic 19th harmonic 5 ms I01FFT...

Страница 107: ...T or TRIP event General settings The function can be set to monitor the ratio between the measured harmonic and either the measured fundamental component or the per unit value of the harmonic current...

Страница 108: ...e pick up of the Ih function This defines the maximum allowed measured current before action from the function The function constantly calculates the ratio between the Ihset per unitor Ih IL and the m...

Страница 109: ...nal is received from the blocking matrix in the function s dedicated input If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick up element activates a START signal is generated and the function proce...

Страница 110: ...vent block name Event names HOC1 Start ON HOC1 Start OFF HOC1 Trip ON HOC1 Trip OFF HOC1 Block ON HOC1 Block OFF HOC2 Start ON HOC2 Start OFF HOC2 Trip ON HOC2 Trip OFF HOC2 Block ON HOC2 Block OFF HO...

Страница 111: ...ut relay control signal The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation i e the user or user defined logic can change...

Страница 112: ...S measurement of phase L3 C current 5ms I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 5ms I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 5ms I0Calc Calculated residual current from the phase current inpu...

Страница 113: ...rement side 1 Side 1 2 Side 2 1 Side 1 Defines which current measurement module is used by the function Pick up The setting parameters Iset and I0set control the pick up and the activation of the curr...

Страница 114: ...nt The pick up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active There is no delay bet...

Страница 115: ...assed in order for the blocking to activate in time Operating time characteristics The operating timers behavior during a function can be set depending on the application The same pick up signal start...

Страница 116: ...vailable The TRIP signal is normally wired to the breaker s trip coil from the device s trip output The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker s redund...

Страница 117: ...s not monitored in this configuration Therefore if the current is not reduced below the setting limit a RETRIP signal is sent to the redundant trip coil If the current is not reduced within the set ti...

Страница 118: ...If the current is not reduced below the setting limit or the primary stage tripping signal is not reset a RETRIP signal is sent to the redundant trip coil If the retripping fails and the current is no...

Страница 119: ...ns is met i e the current is above the limit or the signal is active for the duration of the set RETRIP time delay a RETRIP signal is sent to the redundant trip coil If either of the conditions is act...

Страница 120: ...st common application is when the device s trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function Below are a few operational cases regarding th...

Страница 121: ...ating time The tripping of the primary protection stage is not monitored in this configuration Therefore if the current is not reduced below the setting limit a CBFP signal is sent to the incomer brea...

Страница 122: ...operating time The tripping of the primary protection stage is constantly monitored in this configuration If the current is not reduced below the setting limit or the primary stage tripping signal is...

Страница 123: ...g limit and the primary stage tripping signal is reset If either of these conditions is met i e the current is above the limit or the signal is active for the duration of the set CBFP time delay a CBF...

Страница 124: ...e configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure 5 4 8 54 Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 122 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM...

Страница 125: ...ital input signal Both current and output relay monitoring can be used The counter for the CBFP signal begins when the digital input is activated If the counter is active until the CBFP counter is use...

Страница 126: ...urement for transformers This function can also be used as the cable end differential function The operating principle is low impedance differential protection with bias characteristics the user can s...

Страница 127: ...gram of the I0d function Measured input The function block uses analog current measurement values It uses the RMS magnitude of the current measurement inputs Both calculated residual currents and meas...

Страница 128: ...le the line is energized the currently present calculated residual current is compensated to 0 This compensation only has an effect in the CED mode Operating characteristics The current dependent pick...

Страница 129: ...acteristics The pick up settings can be selected via setting groups The pick up activation of the function is not directly equal to the TRIP signal generation of the function The TRIP signal is allowe...

Страница 130: ...rogram cycle The blocking signal is received from the blocking matrix in the function s dedicated input If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick up element activates a TRIP signal is gene...

Страница 131: ...h natural unbalance in the phase current measurement When calculating residual current from the phase currents the natural unbalance can be around 10 while the used CTs are still within the promised 5...

Страница 132: ...t the main differential protection from being tripped by faults occurring outside the protection area in some cases the function has to be disabled or its sensitivity limited to catch earth faults ins...

Страница 133: ...and thus inside of the protection area the function catches the fault with high sensitivity Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation...

Страница 134: ...s generates events and registers from the status changes in TRIP activated and BLOCKED signals The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer ON OFF or both The events tr...

Страница 135: ...protection is based on line to line RMS measurement or to line to neutral RMS measurement as the user selects If the protection is based on line to line voltage overvoltage protection is not affected...

Страница 136: ...measurement values The monitored magnitudes are equal to RMS values A 20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre fault data registering Table 5 4 10 105 Measurement input of the U...

Страница 137: ...h a 20 ms averaged history value from 20 ms from START or TRIP event Figure 5 4 10 66 Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN U4 VT connection Figure 5 4 10 67 Selectable measurement magnitudes wit...

Страница 138: ...Off 0 On Set mode of OV block This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu Pick up The Uset setting parameter controls the pick up of the U functi...

Страница 139: ...counts down time towards a trip this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs UA B meas Uset at the moment 0 00 1250 00Um Uset 0 01Um Uset The ratio between UA or UAB voltage and the pic...

Страница 140: ...ick up voltage Uset and the measured voltage Um dependent time characteristics The IDMT function follows this formula Where t operating time k time dial setting Um measured voltage Us pick up setting...

Страница 141: ...ounter is continuing until a set release time has passed even if the pick up element is reset The user can reset characteristics through the application The default setting is a 60 ms delay the time c...

Страница 142: ...line voltage magnitudes Undervoltage protection is based on line to line voltages or to line to neutral voltages as the user selects If the protection is based on line to line voltage undervoltage pro...

Страница 143: ...r for the START TRIP and BLOCKED events The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the undervoltage function Figure 5 4 11 69 Simplified function block diagram of the U funct...

Страница 144: ...s The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter In all possible input channel variations the pre fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from 20 ms f...

Страница 145: ...block This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu Pick up The Uset setting parameter controls the pick up of the U function This defines the mini...

Страница 146: ...11 118 Information displayed by the function Name Range Step Description U LN behaviour 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off Displays the mode of UV block This parameter is visible only when Al...

Страница 147: ...nt and a time stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software swit...

Страница 148: ...ower Table 5 4 11 120 Setting parameters for reset time characteristics Name Range Step Default Description Release time delay 0 000 150 000s 0 005s 0 06s Resetting time The time allowed between pick...

Страница 149: ...the events are segregated for each stage operation The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values Table 5 4 11 121 Event messages Event block name Ev...

Страница 150: ...group 1 8 active 5 4 12 Neutral overvoltage protection U0 59N The neutral overvoltage function is used for non directional instant and time delayed earth fault protection Each device with a voltage pr...

Страница 151: ...mon source The function can operate on instant or time delayed mode In the time delayed mode the operation can be selected for definite time DT or for inverse definite minimum time IDMT the IDMT opera...

Страница 152: ...og voltage measurement values The function block uses RMS values A 20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre fault data registering Table 5 4 12 123 Measurement inputs of the U0 f...

Страница 153: ...0 Un 0 01 Un 20 00 Un The pick up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active Re...

Страница 154: ...f the function causes an HMI display event and a time stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued The blocking signal can also be tested in th...

Страница 155: ...000 150 000s 0 005s 0 06s Resetting time Time allowed between pick ups if the pick up has not led to a trip operation During this time the START signal is held on for the timers if the delayed pick up...

Страница 156: ...art ON NOV1 Start OFF NOV1 Trip ON NOV1 Trip OFF NOV1 Block ON NOV1 Block OFF NOV2 Start ON NOV2 Start OFF NOV2 Trip ON NOV2 Trip OFF NOV2 Block ON NOV2 Block OFF NOV3 Start ON NOV3 Start OFF NOV3 Tri...

Страница 157: ...arth voltage magnitudes or line to line and neutral voltage magnitudes to calculate the positive or negative sequence voltage The user can select the voltage used Sequence voltage is based on the syst...

Страница 158: ...age calculation Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation nega...

Страница 159: ...function are the following operating mode selections setting parameters digital inputs and logic signals measured and pre processed voltage magnitudes The function s outputs are START TRIP and BLOCKED...

Страница 160: ...tage U3 V 5ms In RMS values the pre fault condition is presented with 20 ms averaged history value from 20 ms of START or TRIP event General settings The following general settings define the general...

Страница 161: ...er the function picks up when the monitored voltage is under or over the set pick up value Over Under Over Uset Pick up setting 5 00 150 00 Un 0 01 Un 105 Un Ublk Undervoltage blocking visible when th...

Страница 162: ...signal is received from the blocking matrix in the function s dedicated input If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick up element activates a START signal is generated and the function p...

Страница 163: ...t without added delay When the parameter is set to 0 005 1800 s the stage operates as independent delayed Time dial setting k 0 01 60 00s 0 01s 0 05s The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the...

Страница 164: ...he sequence voltage function abbreviated VUB in event block names generates events and registers from the status changes in START TRIP and BLOCKED The user can select which event messages are stored i...

Страница 165: ...big a load or a malfunction in the power controller can cause the frequency to decrease Underfrequency causes damage to turbine wings through vibration as well as heating due to increased iron losses...

Страница 166: ...time stamp resolution is 1 ms The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START TRIP and BLOCKED events The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the...

Страница 167: ...1 No 2 Yes 0 No Enables or disables the stage Pick up and time delay The fset fset etc setting parameters control the pick up of each stage of the f function They define the maximum or minimum allowed...

Страница 168: ...e is active Table 5 4 14 141 Information displayed by the function Name Range Step Description f LN behaviour 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off Displays the mode of FRQV block This parameter...

Страница 169: ...of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time Events and registers The frequency function abbreviated FRQV in event block names generates events and r...

Страница 170: ...of the function s register content Table 5 4 14 143 Register content Date and time Event f Pre trig Hz f Fault Hz Used SG dd mm yyyy hh mm ss mss Event name Start Trip 20ms frequency Fault frequency...

Страница 171: ...ove when the frequency decreases under the f limit tripping is allowed although the change of frequency is not yet fast enough for the function to trip Later the frequency makes a fast dip and as a re...

Страница 172: ...f dt function Measured input The rate of change of frequency protection function compares the measured df dt ratio to the pick up setting given in Hz s The source of the measured frequency depends on...

Страница 173: ...g mode df dt function can trip only from increasing frequency In Falling mode df dt function can trip only from decreasing frequency Both allows df dt to trip from both 0 Rising 1 Falling 2 Both 0 Ris...

Страница 174: ...function s dedicated input If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick up element activates a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation If...

Страница 175: ...dt 4 Trip ON DFT1 df dt 4 Trip OFF DFT1 df dt 5 Start ON DFT1 df dt 5 Start OFF DFT1 df dt 5 Trip ON DFT1 df dt 5 Trip OFF DFT1 df dt 6 Start ON DFT1 df dt 6 Start OFF DFT1 df dt 6 Trip ON DFT1 df dt...

Страница 176: ...ster content Date and time Event df dt Pre trig Hz s f Pre trig Hz df dt Fault Hz s f Fault Hz Used SG dd mm yyyy hh mm ss mss Event name Start Trip 20ms df dt Start Trip 20ms frequency Fault df dt Fa...

Страница 177: ...uts and logic signals measured and pre processed power magnitudes The function s outputs are START TRIP and BLOCKED signals which can be used for direct I O controlling and user logic programming The...

Страница 178: ...Total three phase reactive power 5ms 3PH apparent power Total three phase apparent power 5ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function These settings...

Страница 179: ...e pick up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active Read only parameters The r...

Страница 180: ...en the pick up signal is reset The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued...

Страница 181: ...s Event name Start Trip 20ms power Start Trip 20ms power Start 200ms power 0 ms 1800s Setting group 1 8 active 5 4 17 Motor status monitoring The motor status monitoring function is designed to be the...

Страница 182: ...ts the function generates if so chosen The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the motor status monitoring function Figure 5 4 17 92 Simplified function block diagram of t...

Страница 183: ...ad Normal signal If the current then starts rising and exceeds the Motor nominal current setting but does not exceed the Maximum overload current setting the Ov Overloading erloading signal is activat...

Страница 184: ...om activating and the motor from starting especially when the low set overcurrent stage has an operating time that is shorter than the start up time of the protected motor The figure above presents ho...

Страница 185: ...a high overcurrent is detected during the start up process The user can choose to combine the high overcurrent detection with the NOC1_START signal with an AND gate and use the LOGIC_OUT2 signal for...

Страница 186: ...ed 0 1 40 0xIn 0 1xIn Motor status monitoring Machine thermal overload protection Tm 49M Motor start monitoring Ist 48 Undercurrent I 37 Load jam protection Im 51M The motor s nominal current scaled t...

Страница 187: ...Im 51M The motor s minimum locked rotor current This setting defines the current limit for when this current is exceeded while the automatic curve selection and the control only short time constant s...

Страница 188: ...this setting value the motor should run even when overloaded Max overload current A 0 1 5000A 0 1A Motor status monitoring Machine thermal overload protection Tm 49M Motor start monitoring Ist 48 Loa...

Страница 189: ...uses a hot stall curve when this setting value is exceeded This setting also applies to starts when the hot cold selection is in use Please note that using this setting requires that the Machine therm...

Страница 190: ...e when the measured current exceeds the Start detect current from the Motor stopped situation the signal deactivates when the current decreases below the Max overloading current Motor running 0 Not ac...

Страница 191: ...ent names MST1 Motor Stopped OFF MST1 Motor Starting ON MST1 Motor Starting OFF MST1 Motor Running ON MST1 Motor Running OFF MST1 Motor Stalled ON MST1 Motor Stalled OFF MST1 Load not symm ON MST1 Loa...

Страница 192: ...motor must be communicated to the Ist function The user can set both the allowed starting time and the speed switch input The speed switch may be required by some high mass applications when the star...

Страница 193: ...e status may affect the motor s starting time If the start up situation is supposed to always be the same a sufficient setting for the function s starting monitor would be the expected starting time w...

Страница 194: ...t may cause a situation where the starting is well in action but the user allowed time is spent due to the lower current and lower torque caused by the network s low voltage In this case the function...

Страница 195: ...ch applications a speed switch is required to know whether the start up is actually happening or whether the load is jammed and the motor is standing still with its rotor locked If the motor start up...

Страница 196: ...e situation if the motor stalls after it has started There are the signals Mechanical jam and Motor stalled available In the motor protection module and both can be used to direct the tripping of the...

Страница 197: ...f LCR block This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is enabled in General menu ISt LN behaviour 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off Displays the mode of LCR bloc...

Страница 198: ...ring Ist 48 14 Mechanical jam protection Im 51M The motor s locked rotor current with the nominal voltage This setting is used for automatic curve selection and calculation Also the nominal starting c...

Страница 199: ...ent This setting defines the current limit for when this current is exceeded while the automatic curve selection and the control only short time constant stall are in use Max locked rotor current 0 1...

Страница 200: ...the motor s thermal limit for hot and cold situations When this setting value is not exceed while a locked rotor situation occurs the function uses a cold stall curve adjusted with the actually used t...

Страница 201: ...setting which determines how long the function waits for the speed switch to give a signal since the starting of the motor If the speed switch is not activated during this set time the starting of th...

Страница 202: ...used from max safe stall time Percentage used from user set max time Thermal capacity used Phase L1 current x In Phase L2 current x In Phase L3 current x In Used setting group 5 4 19 Frequent start p...

Страница 203: ...Figure 5 4 19 103 Simplified function block diagram of the N function The operating principle of the frequent start protection function is to calculate an equivalent start stress in each start the ca...

Страница 204: ...ntil the motor can be started again The cumulative start up counter is updated constantly in each program cycle and the device shows the inhibit and alarm time as well as the number of used and availa...

Страница 205: ...on rate for hot starts Now if the motor were stopped in this situation the starts reduction would be counted according to cold motor status as the thermal load would reduce the count below the hot lim...

Страница 206: ...8 Load jam protection Im 50M Setting the motor s thermal limit in a hot or a cold situation When this setting value is not exceed while a locked rotor situation occurs the function uses a cold stall c...

Страница 207: ...or status monitoring Frequent start protection N 48 The number of hours when the parameters of the number of allowed starts hot and cold apply Min time betw starts 0 1 600 0s 0 1s 20 0s Motor status m...

Страница 208: ...nt function s output may be also used in an automation system to indicate that the device has finished its work load and is ready for a next task In order to operate this function requires motor runni...

Страница 209: ...veraged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre fault data registering Table 5 4 20 170 Measurement inputs of the I function Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 A c...

Страница 210: ...ult Protection functions Description Motor In Scaled 0 1 40 0 x In 0 1 x In Motor status monitoring Machine thermal overload protection Tm 49M Motor starting monitoring Ist 48 Undercurrent I 37 Load j...

Страница 211: ...and its Live Edit mode is active Table 5 4 20 174 Information displayed by the function Name Range Description I LN behaviour 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off Displays the mode of NUC block...

Страница 212: ...t current Prefault current Trip time remaining Used SG dd mm yyyy hh mm ss mss Event name L1 G L1 L2 L3 Start Trip 20ms current Start Trip current Start 200ms current 0 ms 1800s Setting group 1 8 acti...

Страница 213: ...is 1 ms The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START TRIP and BLOCKED events The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the load jam protection function Fig...

Страница 214: ...llowed measured current before action from the function The function constantly calculates the ratio between the Iset and the measured magnitude Im for each of the three phases The reset ratio of 97 i...

Страница 215: ...lation Also the nominal starting capacity calculation is based on this value Nominal starting current A 0 1 5 000 0A 0 1A Motor status monitoring Machine thermal overload protection Tm 49M Motor start...

Страница 216: ...r situation starting or stalled If the measured current exceeds this setting limit it is considered to be overcurrent fault and corresponding measures can be applied to disconnect the feeder and motor...

Страница 217: ...stall time cold 0 1 600 0s 0 1s 20 0s Motor status monitoring Frequent start protection N 48 Machine thermal overload protection Ist 48 Load jam protection Im 51M The safe stall time when the motor is...

Страница 218: ...alue If the measured current changes during a fault the expected operating time changes accordingly Time remaining to trip 1800 000 1800 000s 0 005s When the function has detected a fault and counts d...

Страница 219: ...unction registers its operation into the last twelve 12 time stamped registers The register of the function records the ON event process data for START TRIP or BLOCKED The table below presents the str...

Страница 220: ...sists of the following input magnitude selection input magnitude processing saturation check threshold comparator block signal check time delay characteristics output processing The inputs for the fun...

Страница 221: ...9 Simplified function block diagram of the PF function Measured input The function block uses power factor values A 20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre fault data registerin...

Страница 222: ...he START signal generation of the function The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active Read only parameters The relay s Info page displays useful real time information on the s...

Страница 223: ...The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software switch signal when the relay s testing mode Enable stage forcing is activated General Device The variables the user can...

Страница 224: ...single or multiple time constansts such as inductor chokes certain types of transformers and any other static units which do not have active cooling apart from cables and overhead lines The function c...

Страница 225: ...imes t1 and t2 Figure 5 4 23 111 Short time constant thermal image calculation Where t 1 Thermal image status in a previous calculation cycle the memory of the function IEM see below IN Current for th...

Страница 226: ...principle of the thermal replica is based on the nominal temperature rise which is achieved when the protected object is loaded with a nominal load in a nominal ambient temperature When the object is...

Страница 227: ...ambient temperature coefficient which is constantly calculated and changing when using RTD sensor for the measurement When the ambient temperature of the protected object is stable it can be set manua...

Страница 228: ...ure correction factor is 1 0 Figure 5 4 23 113 Ambient temperature coefficient calculation linear approximation three points This ambient temperature coefficient relates to a nominal reference tempera...

Страница 229: ...is decreased or increased instantly to minimum or maximum In practice this means that the thermal replica needs to have more settable time constants than one common constant for heating and cooling a...

Страница 230: ...below 0 C The heat conduction from the cable into the surrounding ground is the same regardless whether the cable is heating or cooling The composition of the soil defines how well the ground conduct...

Страница 231: ...ng overheated are required for the overall motor protection as it can cause insulator damage in the stator and melt the rotor bars Both of these faults result in the malfunction of the motor When cons...

Страница 232: ...agnetic field rotation and the rotor s magnetic field rotation decreases The rotor speeding up leads to the rotor current decreasing simultaneously decreasing the rotor heating This also makes the coo...

Страница 233: ...y the stator windings conduct the heat generated in the rotor during starting and into the motor s body This heat transfer rotor to stator stator to body also depends on the masses of motor s componen...

Страница 234: ...d motor is stopped The stopped motor cooling follows the same equation than heating with one exception when the surrounding air is not moving as the fan has stopped and the air temperature is increasi...

Страница 235: ...mes the thermal image needs to be adjusted and fine tuned for the application so that it matches the motor s actual temperature perfectly This is why the thermal replica needs to offer enough setting...

Страница 236: ...Figure 5 4 23 118 Measured motor temperature in heating cooling test A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 234 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021...

Страница 237: ...r With dynamically controlled cooling time constants the match is very accurate If this motor were used for cyclic loads with repeating cooling times the single time constant model would stretch into...

Страница 238: ...80 seconds and in hot situation approximately 67 seconds When the thermal limit curves are available the operation of the thermal replica can be set very accurately for both overloading and stall con...

Страница 239: ...Figure 5 4 23 121 Comparing single time constant thermal replica tripping curves to given motor thermal characteristics A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021 237...

Страница 240: ...withstand When dual time constants and dynamic time constants are in use the relay automatically selects the correct tripping curves for the thermal replica according to the settings producing therefo...

Страница 241: ...al tripping curves with single time constant pre load 0 cold Figure 5 4 23 124 Thermal tripping curves with single time constant pre load 90 hot A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq...

Страница 242: ...dynamic time constants and correction factor pre load 0 cold Figure 5 4 23 126 Thermal tripping curves with dual dynamic time constants and correction factor pre load 90 hot A AQ Q M257 M257 Instructi...

Страница 243: ...4 23 127 Thermal cooling curves single cooling time constant Figure 5 4 23 128 Thermal cooling curves dynamic dual time constant A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM0...

Страница 244: ...triple time constant motor is running without load in the first part with dedicated time constant Figure 5 4 23 130 NPS biased thermal trip curves with kNPS value of 1 A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction ma...

Страница 245: ...4 23 131 NPS biased thermal trip curves with kNPS value of 3 Figure 5 4 23 132 NPS biased thermal trip curves with kNPS value of 7 A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM...

Страница 246: ...ing thermal replica comparator block signal check output processing The inputs for the function are the following setting parameters measured and pre processed current magnitudes The function s output...

Страница 247: ...mperature measurement for the ambient correction 5ms Setting parameters Table 5 4 23 193 General settings not selectable under setting groups Name Range Default Description TM LN mode 1 On 2 Blocked 3...

Страница 248: ...start locked rotor monitoring Ist 48 14 non directional undercurrent protection I 37 mechanical jam protection Im 51M The motor s nominal current in amperes Nominal starting current 0 1 40 0xIn 0 1xI...

Страница 249: ...the automatic curve selection and the control only short time constant stall are in use Max locked rotor current 0 1 40 0xIn 0 1xIn 7 5xIn motor status monitoring machine thermal overload protection...

Страница 250: ...s no load current This setting defines the Stopped condition when the current is below this setting value Also when the current is below this value the undercurrent protection stage is locked No load...

Страница 251: ...is setting value is used for the cold thermal stall curve selection in automatic control This parameter is also used in the motor start up and the number of starts calculations Safe stall time hot 0 1...

Страница 252: ...cally this time constant is about 2 5 3 5 times the heating time constant Short heat T const cold 0 500 0min 1 0min 10 0min The setting for short heating time constant for cold motor status This time...

Страница 253: ...n 0 1min 30 0min The estimated setting for how long the short cooling time constant is used when the motor is stopped The cooling is typically faster right after the motor has stopped This setting val...

Страница 254: ...points for the user settable ambient temperature coefficient curve This setting is visible if Ambient lin or curve is set to Set curve Amb temp k1 k10 0 01 5 00 1 00 0 01 The coefficient value for th...

Страница 255: ...tivates a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal it resets and processes the release ti...

Страница 256: ...e been set wrong and actually used setting is 1 0 Visible only when there is a setting fault TM Setting alarm 0 Nominal current calc ok 1 Nominal current set fault Override to 1 0 Indicates if nominal...

Страница 257: ...number of times the function has activated the Alarm 2 output Restart inhibits The number of times the function has activated the Restart inhibit output Trips The number of times the function has tri...

Страница 258: ...l degrees Trip delay rem Remaining time to trip in seconds Used SG Setting group 1 8 active 5 4 24 Underimpedance protection Z 21U Underimpedance protection is an alternative for voltage restrained ov...

Страница 259: ...mode DT The operational logic consists of the following input magnitude selection input magnitude processing threshold comparator block signal check time delay characteristics output processing The i...

Страница 260: ...mpedance loops phase to phase impedance loops or the positive sequence impedance A 20ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre fault data registering Please note that impendance calc...

Страница 261: ...TART signal generation of the function The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active Read only parameters The relay s Info page displays useful real time information on the state...

Страница 262: ...et are binary signals from the system The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time Events and r...

Страница 263: ...unction are the following operating mode selections setting parameters digital inputs and logic signals measured and pre processed power magnitudes The function s outputs are START TRIP and BLOCKED si...

Страница 264: ...rt condition before releasing the start condition When voltage decreases under Voltage limit U the function will wait until duration set to Time delay for U activation has passed If the measured curre...

Страница 265: ...when a fault occurs Time remaining to trip 1800 000 1800 000s 0 005s When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip this displays how much time is left before tripping occu...

Страница 266: ...or BLOCKED The table below presents the structure of the function s register content Table 5 4 25 214 Register content Date and time Event Phase current Phase voltage Used SG dd mm yyyyhh mm ss mss Ev...

Страница 267: ...alculated from phase voltages The monitored magnitudes are equal to RMS values Table 5 4 26 215 Measurement inputs of the Z function Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 A c...

Страница 268: ...function Time delay for U activation 0 000 1800 000 s 0 005 s 5 000 s When the voltage drops under the Voltage limit U setting the function will wait for the duration of this parameter setting to acti...

Страница 269: ...time characteristics calculation If the blocking signal is active when the pick up element activates a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further If the START...

Страница 270: ...deceleration causes stress on the generator and prime mover which can cause winding movement shaft fracture or worse The pole slip protection function uses a total of eight 8 separate setting groups w...

Страница 271: ...surement of voltage UL3 V 5ms UL1RMS RMS measurement of voltage UL12 V 5ms UL2RMS RMS measurement of voltage UL23 V 5ms UL3RMS RMS measurement of voltage UL31 V 5ms Pos Seq Impedance Positive sequence...

Страница 272: ...ctance R detection circle offset from origo pri 50 000 00 50 000 00 Ohm 0 01 Ohm 0 00 Ohm Moves the midpoint of circle in the R axis resistance Detection circle r pri 0 01 50 000 00 Ohm 0 01 Ohm 50 00...

Страница 273: ...te of the protection function It is accessed either through the relay s HMI display or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active Table 5 4 27...

Страница 274: ...in order for the blocking to activate in time Events and registers The pole slip protection function abbreviated OOS in event block names generates events and registers from the status changes in STAR...

Страница 275: ...l capacity to be used pick up current in p u tmax achieved in x 5 kSF Loading factor service factor maximum allowed load current in p u value dependent on the protected object or cable line installati...

Страница 276: ...conditions considering the prevailing conditions in the thermal replica are compensated with the ambient temperature coefficient which is constantly calculated and changing when using RTD sensor for...

Страница 277: ...set in C or F the temperature in which the manufacturer s temperature presumptions apply the temperature correction factor is 1 0 Figure 5 4 28 142 Ambient temperature coefficient calculation a three...

Страница 278: ...e two 2 output signal The time stamp resolution is 1 ms The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the TRIP ALARM 1 ALARM 2 INHIBIT and BLOCKED events The following figure presents...

Страница 279: ...150 0 0 1 60 0 The thermal image status in the restart of the function or the device The value is given in percentages of the used thermal capacity of the protected object It is also possible to reset...

Страница 280: ...he user settable ambient temperature coefficient curve This setting is visible if Ambient lin or curve is set to Set curve Amb temp k1 k10 0 01 5 00 1 00 0 01 The coefficient value for the temperature...

Страница 281: ...enerated and the function does not process the situation further If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal it resets and processes the release time characteristics similarly...

Страница 282: ...emperature settings have been set wrong and actually used setting is 1 0 Visible only when there is a setting fault TT Setting alarm 0 Nominal current calc ok 1 Nominal current set fault Override to 1...

Страница 283: ...he number of times the function has activated the Alarm 2 output Restart inhibits The number of times the function has activated the Restart inhibit output Trips The number of times the function has t...

Страница 284: ...29 Generator transformer differential protection Idb Idi I0dHV I0dLV 87T 87N 87G The generator transformer differential function is used for protecting the following power transformers two winding tra...

Страница 285: ...t for the different types of transformers Overlooking these points when designing transformers increase the risk of costly problems with the transformer Transformer Risk level Protection Pole mounted...

Страница 286: ...nt differential overcurrent and earth fault protection redundant backup overcurrent and earth fault protection tap changer protection a dedicated pressure guard Buchholz gas relay overloading protecti...

Страница 287: ...lt currents such as when the fault location is close to the neutral side inside the star winding These are the main arguments for using differential protection they are sensitive their operation in in...

Страница 288: ...minal voltage is 1kV and its amperage is 1 155 kA The transformer s short circuit impedance is 4 95 it is based on the transformer s final test and presents how much short circuit current the transfor...

Страница 289: ...tion settings The vector group of the transformer is also important since the differential function is interested in the angle difference of the measured current vectors In this example the transforme...

Страница 290: ...Figure 5 4 29 148 Yd1 transformer s internal connection in theory A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 288 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021...

Страница 291: ...nd with enough difference causes a pick up and a trip However as modern differential relays do this transformation by calculating the corrected vector internally this is also just nice to know informa...

Страница 292: ...Figure 5 4 29 150 Subtract formula Figure 5 4 29 151 Add formula Figure 5 4 29 152 CTs starpoints requiring the Add mode A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 290 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021...

Страница 293: ...to adjust the differential stage towards the measured currents Bias calculation can be sensitive or coarse see the following formulas Figure 5 4 29 154 Average mode sensitive biasing Figure 5 4 29 155...

Страница 294: ...settings Characteristics parts One needs to understand what the various parts of the characteristics mean in order to set the characteristics for the transformer application D Diff iffbia bias TP1 s...

Страница 295: ...rces for normal operation 1 Primary side CT measurement accuracy CTEpri In this example the primary side CTs are Class 10P which means the measurement error is 10 2 Secondary side CT measurement accur...

Страница 296: ...nservative estimate of 3 as the TME value 6 Safety margin SME Conservative settings typically use a safety margin up to 5 7 Tap changer on load side TCE This example transformer has a tap changer with...

Страница 297: ...ty Imeas unc from the various magnitudes inside the transformer In this example the transformer has a tap changer that affects the internal currents however its effects cannot be estimated reliably an...

Страница 298: ...f differential relay this point can be set by the user If the user wants a high sensitivity TP1 can be set to 1 In since the calculated base sensitivity already factors in the tap changer effect and a...

Страница 299: ...in the following calculation Next we calculate the the currents that flow in the HV and LV sides when the loading of the transformer is e g 1 5 times its rated power Therefore the LV side currents are...

Страница 300: ...ntial current in the measurements even though the transformer itself does not have a fault Please note that if there is a heavy end fault causing the biasing current to increase this setting should no...

Страница 301: ...ximum of the current flowing in the CTs when a bolted and symmetrical three phase fault occurs in the LV side of the transformer Based on the previous calculations we can see that the HV side maximum...

Страница 302: ...sistivity in temperatures other than 20 C For example the resistivity of copper at 75 C is calculated like this With this value we can calculate the resistances per meter of the most commonly used cop...

Страница 303: ...ions of the wire used in the winding Some CT manufacturers include the SCTRN value in their product documentation However as the value is only a small portion of the CT burden as a whole the wirings c...

Страница 304: ...ible in normal operations while keeping the settings sensitive enough for inrush currents especially in energiszing cases Thus the setting suggestion for this Idi Pick up stage is 6 0 In 10 In for sen...

Страница 305: ...Figure 5 4 29 159 Example configuration for the transformer differential function A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021 303...

Страница 306: ...You can also see the variations in Turnpoint 1 settings in Figures A and C it is set at 1 0 In whereas in Figures B and D it is set at 0 01 In Zero sequence compensation for external earth faults Our...

Страница 307: ...nvolved in the fault The differential earthing requires the earthing to be known if not compensated any low impedance earth fault outside the differential zone causes a differential current and possib...

Страница 308: ...eliminates the zero sequence effect with the following formulas No Not te e When you enable the zero sequence compensation by selecting the N or n in the transformer vector group the sensitivity to si...

Страница 309: ...tions between the average and the maximum bias current calculation as well as the option between the add and the subtract current calculation The use of these stages depends on the CTs installation di...

Страница 310: ...t when the voltage is in zero crossing the steady state value of the flux is in its negative or positive maximum value In energizing situations there is no flux available at the instant the winding is...

Страница 311: ...s mentioned earlier the calculated FFT value is about 50 of the peak value the third graph depicts the 2nd harmonic absolute values in amperes the fourth graph depicts the fundamental 50 Hz FFT calcul...

Страница 312: ...ughly as follows In our previous example the transformer s nominal current on the HV primary side was 115 5 A with it we can count the following The graph below shows how the differential currents loo...

Страница 313: ...or magnetizing is reduced as well The blocking remains active until the setting is reached after which the blocking is released for each phase separately With our example transformer the harmonic bloc...

Страница 314: ...former overexcited very quickly This may be caused by two things a fault in the LV side can throw off the loading and cause a temporary overvoltage or the frequency in the network decreases for some r...

Страница 315: ...sformer s primary side and the differential relay sees it as pure differential current From the third graph we can see that the differential pick up setting is reached when the voltage is approximatel...

Страница 316: ...t and releases when the overvoltage is too heavy and the differential current is most probably over the tripping limit However one should note that the behavior of this blocking is very unpredictable...

Страница 317: ...function s pre calculation Name Range Step Default Function Description Idx LN mode 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off 1 On Set mode of DIF block This parameter is visible only when Allow sett...

Страница 318: ...zag transformer status monitoring transformer differential The selection of the HV side connection Can be selected between star or zigzag and delta This selection is visible only if the option Manual...

Страница 319: ...ormer status monitoring transformer differential The selection of the starpoint measurement channel for the restricted earth fault protection on the HV side This setting is only visible if the option...

Страница 320: ...ics This setting is only visible if the Enable I0d REF HV side setting is enabled HV I0d Slope 1 0 01 250 00 0 01 10 00 Slope 1 of the HV side restricted earth fault differential characteristics This...

Страница 321: ...40 Output signals of the transformer differential function Name Description Idb Bias Trip The TRIP output signal from the biased differential stage Idi Nobias Trip The TRIP output signal from the non...

Страница 322: ...5th harmonic OFF DIF1 L2 5th harmonic ON DIF1 L2 5th harmonic OFF DIF1 L3 5th harmonic ON DIF1 L3 5th harmonic OFF DIF1 HV I0d Block ON DIF1 HV I0d Block OFF DIF1 HV I0d Trip ON DIF1 HV I0d Trip OFF...

Страница 323: ...characteristics current LV side REF maximum differential current with bias Used SG Setting group in use Ftype Detected fault type faulty phases 5 4 30 Resistance temperature detectors RTD Resistance t...

Страница 324: ...the wanted channels are selected at Communication Protocols ModbusIO Then the user selects the measurement module from the three 3 available modules A B and C as well as the poll address Additionally...

Страница 325: ...onitored module and channel as well as the monitoring and alarm setting units C or F The alarms can be enabled given a setting value in degrees and be set to trigger either above or below the setting...

Страница 326: ...C Dec F 0 Deg C 1 Deg F 0 Deg C Selects the measurement temperature scale Celsius or Fahrenheit S1 S16 Measurement Displays the measurement value in the selected temperature scale S1 S16 Sensor 0 Ok...

Страница 327: ...unction offers sixteen 16 independent stages the events are segregated for each stage operation The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values The fun...

Страница 328: ...Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S11 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S11 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S11 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S11 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S12 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S12 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S12 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S12 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S13 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S13 Alarm...

Страница 329: ...Meas Invalid RTD2 S7 Meas Ok RTD2 S7 Meas Invalid RTD2 S8 Meas Ok RTD2 S8 Meas Invalid RTD2 S9 Meas Ok RTD2 S9 Meas Invalid RTD2 S10 Meas Ok RTD2 S10 Meas Invalid RTD2 S11 Meas Ok RTD2 S11 Meas Inval...

Страница 330: ...lay can be avoided by using arc protection The arc protection card has a high speed output to trip signals faster as well as to extend the speed of arc protection Figure 5 4 31 172 IED equipped with a...

Страница 331: ...pping the zone are met light OR light and current but the tripping is blocked by an input I I0 Arc S1 Sensor fault I I0 Arc S2 Sensor fault I I0 Arc S3 Sensor fault I I0 Arc S4 Sensor fault The detect...

Страница 332: ...e which sensor channels are sensing which zones in this case sensor channels S1 and S2 are protecting Zone 1 Enable Light 1 of Zone 1 as well as Light 2 of Zone 2 The sensor channel S3 deals with Zone...

Страница 333: ...be enabled as there are sensors connected to both Zone 2 and 3 starts Sensors connected to the channel S3 are in Zone 2 Then enable Light 3 of Zone 2 The sensor connected to the channel S2 is in Zone...

Страница 334: ...nsors Defines the number of sensors connected to the channel channels 1 2 3 4 Channel 2 sensors Channel 3 sensors Channel 4 sensors Channel 1 sensor status 0 Sensors OK 1 Configuration fault state Dis...

Страница 335: ...channel 1 trips the zone 0 Disabled 1 Enabled 0 Disabled Zone1 2 3 4 Pres 2 Enabled Pressure detected in sensor channel 2 trips the zone 0 Disabled 1 Enabled 0 Disabled Zone1 2 3 4 Pres 3 Enabled Pres...

Страница 336: ...up element activates a TRIP signal is generated If the blocking signal is active when the pick up element activates a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation furth...

Страница 337: ...1 Phase current Blocked OFF ARC1 Phase current Start ON ARC1 Phase current Start OFF ARC1 Residual current Blocked ON ARC1 Residual current Blocked OFF ARC1 Residual current Start ON ARC1 Residual cur...

Страница 338: ...electrical network fault appears to be inside the protected area The determination is made by comparing the angle between the operating quantity zone tripping area and the actual measured quantity Th...

Страница 339: ...close to zero The angle used by this function is the one captured the moment before the fault occurred and voltage memory was activated When voltage memory is activated the output Voltage memory on s...

Страница 340: ...surement of phase L3 C current 5ms U1RMS RMS measurement of voltage U1 V 5ms U2RMS RMS measurement of voltage U2 V 5ms U3RMS RMS measurement of voltage U3 V 5ms U4RMS RMS measurement of voltage U4 V 5...

Страница 341: ...based on a set fixed frequency such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz When the frequency drops massively during a fault while angle memory is in use it is also possible that the frequency of the system starts to flu...

Страница 342: ...s Common signals extra inputs Common signals function has all START and TRIP signals of protection functions internally connected to Common START and TRIP output signals But it is also possible to ass...

Страница 343: ...mon Start OFF GNSIG Common Trip ON GNSIG Common Trip OFF 5 5 2 Setting group selection All relay types support up to eight 8 separate setting groups The Setting group selection function block controls...

Страница 344: ...ol function include the active setting group selection the forced setting group selection the enabling or disabling of the forced change the selection of the number of active setting groups in the app...

Страница 345: ...static signal control is applied no requests with a lower priority than SG1 and SG2 will be processed Setting group 4 0 Not active 1 Active 0 Not active The selection of Setting group 4 SG4 Has the fo...

Страница 346: ...ting group control one wire connection from Petersen coil status Depending on the application s requirements the setting group control can be applied either with a one wire connection or with a two wi...

Страница 347: ...Figure 5 5 2 181 Setting group control two wire connection from Petersen coil status A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021 345...

Страница 348: ...With a two wire connection the state of the Petersen coil can be monitored more securely The additional logic ensures that a single wire loss will not affect the correct setting group selection The ap...

Страница 349: ...s the inverted signal NOT as well as the use of logics in setting group control One could also have SG2 be the primary SG while the ON signal would be controlled by the higher priority SG1 this way th...

Страница 350: ...SGS SG8 Request ON SGS SG8 Request OFF SGS Remote Change SG Request ON SGS Remote Change SG Request OFF SGS Local Change SG Request ON SGS Local Change SG Request OFF SGS Force Change SG ON SGS Force...

Страница 351: ...control can be done by local control or by remote control Local manual control can be done by relays front panel HMI or by external push buttons connected to relays digital inputs Manual remote contro...

Страница 352: ...ide the open and close commands while device is in Remote status The remote controls cannot override the open and close commands while device is in Local status OBJ LN mode 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Tes...

Страница 353: ...be able to close circuit breaker Synchrocheck status can be either an internal signal generated by synchrocheck function or digital input activation with an external synchrocheck device Use Object rea...

Страница 354: ...s pulled out If IEC 61850 is enabled GOOSE signals can be used for status indication Object Ready Objectx Ready status In A link to a physical digital input Indicates that status of the monitored obje...

Страница 355: ...perator 2 Configurator 3 Super user Defines what level of access is required for MIMIC control The default is the Configurator level Objectx LOCAL Close control input Digital input or other logical si...

Страница 356: ...nerates events and registers from the status changes in monitored signals as well as control command fails and operations The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer O...

Страница 357: ...J10 Close Command Off OBJ1 OBJ10 Open Blocked On OBJ1 OBJ10 Open Blocked Off OBJ1 OBJ10 Close Blocked On OBJ1 OBJ10 Close Blocked Off OBJ1 OBJ10 Object Ready OBJ1 OBJ10 Object Not Ready OBJ1 OBJ10 Syn...

Страница 358: ...toring of one monitored object usually requires two 2 digital inputs Alternatively object status monitoring can be performed with a single digital input the input s active state and its zero state swi...

Страница 359: ...ored indicator If IEC 61850 is enabled GOOSE signals can be used for status indication Events The indicator object monitoring function abbreviated CIN in event block names generates events from the st...

Страница 360: ...ny industries the simplest option to connect and configure uses less wiring and connections than other signals thus greatly reducing initial setup costs good for travelling long distances as current d...

Страница 361: ...Other 0 Currents Defines the measurement category that is used for mA output control Magnitude of mA output channel dependent on the measurement category selection dependent on the measurement catego...

Страница 362: ...is a control function that controls its binary output signal This output signal can be controlled locally from the relay s mimic displayed as a box in the mimic or remotely from the RTU The main purp...

Страница 363: ...ight be inaccurate because the signal coming from the source is inaccurate One common example of this is tap changer location indication signal not changing linearly from step to step If the output di...

Страница 364: ...001 0 Defines the maximum input of the curve If input is above the set limit ASC1 4 input out of range is activated Curve1 4 output 1 000 000 00 1 000 000 00 0 00001 Displays the output of the curve T...

Страница 365: ...0 000 01 0 Scales the measured milliampere signal at Point 2 Add curvepoint 3 20 0 Not used 1 Used 0 Not used Allows the user to create their own curve with up to twenty 20 curve points instead of us...

Страница 366: ...control commands Logical inputs can be controlled with a virtual switch built in the mimic and from a SCADA system IEC 61850 Modbus IEC 101 etc Logical inputs are volatile signals their status will al...

Страница 367: ...fault Description User editable description LIx 1 31 characters Logical input x Description of the logical input This description is used in several menu types for easier identification 5 6 Monitoring...

Страница 368: ...de processing threshold comparator block signal check time delay characteristics output processing The following conditions have to met simultaneously for the function alarm to activate None of the th...

Страница 369: ...The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current transformer supervision function Figure 5 6 1 191 Simplified function block diagram of the CTS function Measured input...

Страница 370: ...eral behavior of the function These settings are static i e it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group Table 5 6 1 281 General settings of the function Name Range Default Descripti...

Страница 371: ...n the minimum and maximum values of the phase current This condition has to be met for the function to activate I2 I1 ratio 0 01 100 00 0 01 49 00 Determines the pick up ratio threshold for the negati...

Страница 372: ...the blocking signal is active when the pick up element activates a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further If the START function has been activated before t...

Страница 373: ...cuit fault in phase L1 wiring When a fault is detected and all conditions are met the CTS timer starts counting If the situation continues until the set time has passed the function issues an alarm A...

Страница 374: ...e has passed the function issues an alarm This means that the function supervises both the primary and the secondary circuit Figure 5 6 1 195 No wiring fault but heavy unbalance If any of the phases e...

Страница 375: ...are adjusted according to the application s normal behavior the operation of the function can be set to be very sensitive for broken circuit and conductor faults Figure 5 6 1 197 Normal situation res...

Страница 376: ...ll be issued in case if the situation continues until the set alarming time is met Figure 5 6 1 199 Broken primary phase current wiring In this example all other condition are met except the residual...

Страница 377: ...signals The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer ON OFF or both The function offers two 2 independent stages The events triggered by the function are recorded with...

Страница 378: ...function can be changed via setting group selection The operational logic consists of the following input magnitude processing threshold comparator block signal check time delay characteristics output...

Страница 379: ...surement of voltage UL12 V 5ms UL23RMS RMS measurement of voltage UL23 V 5ms UL31RMS RMS measurement of voltage UL31 V 5ms UL1RMS RMS measurement of voltage UL1 V 5ms UL2RMS RMS measurement of voltage...

Страница 380: ...e phases Table 5 6 2 288 Pick up settings Name Range Step Default Description Voltage low pickup 0 05 0 50 Un 0 01 Un 0 05 Un If one the measured voltages is below low pickup value and two of the meas...

Страница 381: ...EQ Rev 3 Bus Live VTS Ok SEQ Undef 4 Bus Live VTS problem Displays the status of bus voltages Expected operating time 0 000 1800 000s 0 005s Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs Ti...

Страница 382: ...gered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values Table 5 6 2 290 Event messages Event block name Event names VTS1 Bus VT fail Start ON VTS1 Bus VT fail Start OFF VTS1...

Страница 383: ...eparate alarm levels which are activated when the value of interrupting life operations is below the setting limit The Trip contact setting defines the output that triggers the current monitoring at t...

Страница 384: ...tatic i e it is not possible to change them by switching the setting group Table 5 6 3 293 General settings Name Range Default Description CBW LN mode 1 On 2 Blocked 3 Test 4 Test Blocked 5 Off 1 On S...

Страница 385: ...setting Table 5 6 3 295 Pick up settings Name Range Step Default Description Alarm 1 0 Disabled 1 Enabled 0 Disabled Enable and disable the Alarm 1 stage Alarm 1 Set 0 200 000 1 1 000 Defines the pick...

Страница 386: ...ations Enable Alarm 2 1 Enabled Alarm 2 Set 100 operations With these settings Alarm 1 is issued when the cumulative interruption counter for any of the three phases dips below the set 1000 remaining...

Страница 387: ...r phase L1 L2 Operations left Operations left for phase L2 L3 Operations left Operations left for phase L3 Events and registers The circuit breaker wear function abbreviated CBW in event block names g...

Страница 388: ...also available for the mimic and the measurement views in the HMI carousel The user can also set the alarming limits for each measured channel if the application so requires The monitoring of the mea...

Страница 389: ...t of the whole harmonic specter of 32 components from each measured current channel From these measurements the function calculates either the amplitude ratio or the power ratio A 20 ms averaged value...

Страница 390: ...larm 0 Enabled 1 Disabled 0 Enabled Enables and disables the THD alarm function from phase currents Enable I01 THD alarm 0 Enabled 1 Disabled 0 Enabled Enables and disables the THD alarm function from...

Страница 391: ...splay event and a time stamped blocking event with information of the startup current values and its fault type to be issued The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a soft...

Страница 392: ...ed registers The register of the function records the ON event process data for START ALARM and BLOCKED The table below presents the structure of the function s register content Table 5 6 4 305 Regist...

Страница 393: ...the function are the START and ALARM ACT signals for the phase voltages THDV as well as BLOCKED signals The function uses a total of eight 8 separate setting groups which can be selected from one comm...

Страница 394: ...e 5ms UL2FFT FFT measurement of phase L2 B voltage 5ms UL3FFT FFT measurement of phase L3 C voltage 5ms The selection of the calculation method is made with a setting parameter common for all measurem...

Страница 395: ...lays useful real time information on the state of the protection function It is accessed either through the relay s HMI display or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay a...

Страница 396: ...ements as well as common BLOCKED signals The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer ON OFF or both The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp...

Страница 397: ...ent I02 fine IL1 Phase current IL1 CT card 2 IL2 Phase current IL2 CT card 2 IL3 Phase current IL3 CT card 2 I01 c Residual current I01 coarse CT card 2 I01 f Residual current I01 fine CT card 2 I02 c...

Страница 398: ...ing channels Measurements Signal Description Signal Description Currents Pri Pha curr ILx Primary phase current ILx IL1 IL2 IL3 Pha curr ILx TRMS Pri Primary phase current TRMS IL1 IL2 IL3 Pha angle I...

Страница 399: ...system voltage U0 in percentages Ux Angle Ux angle U1 U2 U3 U4 System volt U0 ang Angle of the system voltage U0 Pos Neg Zero Seq volt Angle Positive Negative Zero sequence voltage angle Ux Angle diff...

Страница 400: ...Display when not measurable is 0 Hz Frequency at the moment If the frequency is not measurable this will show 0 Hz Neutral susceptance B Pri Primary neutral susceptance f meas qlty Quality of tracked...

Страница 401: ...ually or automatically by using the dedicated triggers Every signal listed in Digital recording channels can be selected to trigger the recorder The device has a maximum limit of 100 for the number of...

Страница 402: ...checking the boxes enable the selected triggers Table 5 6 6 319 Recorder settings Name Range Step Default Description Recording length 0 100 1800 000s 0 01s 1s Sets the length of a recording Recording...

Страница 403: ...than zero At least one trigger input has to be selected in the Recorder Trigger setting to fulfill this term Estimating the maximum length of total recording time Once the disturbance recorder s sett...

Страница 404: ...o be made according to the following specifications the recording length is 6 0 s the sample rate is 64 s c therefore with a 50 Hz system frequency a sample is taken every 312 5 s the analog channels...

Страница 405: ...ecorder menu AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual arcteq fi downloads Events The disturbance recorder function abbreviated DR in event block names generates e...

Страница 406: ...ments are recorded in the setting tool or in the relay If the recording is done in the setting tool both the setting tool software and its Live Edit mode have to be activated The user can change the r...

Страница 407: ...RMS Pri I Pos Seq Curr angle L2 Exp Imp Act E balance kWh Pri Pos Seq Curr I Neg Seq Curr angle L2 Exp React Cap E Mvarh Pri Neg Seq Curr I Zero Seq Curr angle L2 Exp React Cap E kvarh Pri Zero Seq Cu...

Страница 408: ...S p u Exp Active Energy MWh Res Curr I01 TRMS U3Volt p u Exp Active Energy kWh Res Curr I02 TRMS U4Volt p u Imp Active Energy MWh Pha L1 ampl THD Pos Seq Volt p u Imp Active Energy kWh Pha L2 ampl THD...

Страница 409: ...ero Seq Curr System Volt UL1 ang S4 Measurement Res Curr I 01 TRMS Pri System Volt UL2 ang S5 Measurement Res Curr I 02 TRMS Pri System Volt UL3 ang S6 Measurement Sec Pha Curr I L1 System Volt U0 ang...

Страница 410: ...ap E bal Mvarh Motor status P P Curr I L1 L1 Exp Imp React Cap E bal kvarh Active setting group P P Curr I L2 L1 Exp React Ind E Mvarh L1 Exp React Ind E kvarh 5 6 8 Measurement value recorder The mea...

Страница 411: ...urrent components Fundamental 2nd harmonic 3rd harmonic 4th harmonic 5th harmonic 7th harmonic 9th harmonic 11th harmonic 13th harmonic 15th harmonic 17th harmonic 19th harmonic current I1 I2 I0Z The...

Страница 412: ...onductances susceptances and admittances YL1angle YL2angle YL3angle Y0angle The admittance angles Others Others Descrip Description tion System f The tracking frequency in use at that moment Ref f1 Th...

Страница 413: ...22 I0Dir Trip 23 I0Dir Trip 24 I0Dir Trip 25 f Trip 26 f Trip 27 f Trip 28 f Trip 29 f Trip 30 f Trip 31 f Trip 32 f Trip 33 P Trip 34 P Trip 35 Prev Trip 36 T Trip 37 I2 Trip 38 I2 Trip 39 I2 Trip 40...

Страница 414: ...nt name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF 5 6 9 Running hour counter The running hour counter abbreviated RHC in event block names is capable of counting the running time of a m...

Страница 415: ...s they also need to be enabled individually with the PSx Enabled parameter When enabled an active stage shows its current state condition the expected operating time and the time remaining to trip und...

Страница 416: ...used in the comparison 4 Mag1 OR Mag2 Either of the chosen signals has to fulfill the pick up condition Both signals have their own pick up setting 5 Mag1 AND Mag2 Both of the chosen signals have to...

Страница 417: ...monic value in p u ILx 11th h ILx 11nd harmonic value in p u ILx 13th h ILx 13nd harmonic value in p u ILx 15th h ILx 15nd harmonic value in p u ILx 17th h ILx 17nd harmonic value in p u ILx 19th h IL...

Страница 418: ...0Ang UL0 angle degrees U0CalcMag Calculated residual voltage U1 pos seq V Mag Positive sequence voltage U2 neg seq V Mag Negative sequence voltage U0CalcAng Calculated residual voltage angle degrees U...

Страница 419: ...ZSeqPri Positive Impedance Z primary ZSeqSec Positive Impedance Z secondary ZSeqAngle Positive Impedance Z angle Table 5 7 333 Conductances susceptances and admittances L1 L2 L3 Name Description GLxPr...

Страница 420: ...h fault neutral voltage is 11 547 V primary which is then multiplied with the above calculated scaling factor inversing the final result to 100 This way a pre processed signal is easier to set althoug...

Страница 421: ...easured magnitudes The user can set the reset hysteresis in the function by default 3 It is always relative to the Pick up setting Mag value Table 5 7 337 Pick up settings Name Range Step Default Desc...

Страница 422: ...up level the user needs to take into account the modes in use as well as the desired action The pick up limit can be set either as positive or as negative Each pick up level has a separate hysteresis...

Страница 423: ...S3 Start OFF PGS1 PS3 Trip ON PGS1 PS3 Trip OFF PGS1 PS3 Block ON PGS1 PS3 Block OFF PGS1 PS4 Start ON PGS1 PS4 Start OFF PGS1 PS4 Trip ON PGS1 PS4 Trip OFF PGS1 PS4 Block ON PGS1 PS4 Block OFF PGS1 P...

Страница 424: ...S10 Trip OFF PGS1 PS10 Block ON PGS1 PS10 Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve 12 time stamped registers The register of the function records the ON event process data f...

Страница 425: ...one of the relay can be set by connecting to the relay and the selecting the time zone at Commands Set time zone in AQtivate setting tool 6 1 2 PTP PTP Precision Time Protocol is a higher accuracy syn...

Страница 426: ...ed Message sent Diagnostic message counter Message receive Diagnostic message counter PTP timesource Diagnostic number describing the current time source 6 1 3 Modbus TCP and Modbus RTU The device sup...

Страница 427: ...their meaning can be found from Event list Tools Events ang Logs Event list in setting tool The event code in HR17 is 0 if no new events can be found in the device event buffer Every time HR17 is rea...

Страница 428: ...d reporting Control Direct operate with normal security Select before operate with normal security Direct with enhanced security and Select before operate with enhanced sequrity control sequences Dist...

Страница 429: ...0 1 1000 0 kVar 0 1 kVar 2 kVar Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this measurement Apparent power deadband 0 1 1000 0 kVA 0 1 kVA 2 kVA Determines the data reporting deadband setting...

Страница 430: ...nabled The publisher will publish frames with simulation bit active if enabled For GOOSE simulation testing purposes GOOSE control block 2 simulation bit The table below presents general settings for...

Страница 431: ...tor matrix block settings etc Table 6 1 6 353 GOOSE input user description Name Range Default Description User editable description GI x 1 31 characters GOOSE IN x Description of the GOOSE input This...

Страница 432: ...functionalities of the higher levels For detailed information please refer to the DNP3 Device Profile document www arcteq fi downloads AQ 200 series Resources Settings The following table describes t...

Страница 433: ...nds Table 6 1 8 357 Analog change deadband settings Name Range Step Default Description General deadband 0 1 10 0 0 1 2 Determines the general data reporting deadband settings Active energy deadband 0...

Страница 434: ...ment www arcteq fi downloads AQ 200 series Resources AQ 200 IEC101 IEC104 interoperability IEC 101 settings Table 6 1 9 358 IEC 101 settings Name Range Step Default Description Common address of ASDU...

Страница 435: ...s Active energy deadband 0 1 1000 0kWh 0 1kWh 2kWh Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this measurement Reactive energy deadband 0 1 1000 0kVar 0 1kVar 2kVar Determines the data report...

Страница 436: ...or 38 400 bps As a slave the device sends data on demand or by sequenced polling The available data can be measurements circuit breaker states function starts function trips etc The full SPA signal m...

Страница 437: ...rrents and residual currents IL1 TRMS IL2 TRMS IL3 TRMS I01 TRMS I02 TRMS TRMS current measurement values of phase currents and residual currents IL1 IL2 IL3 I01 I02 2nd h 3rd h 4th h 5th h 7th h 9th...

Страница 438: ...es Others System f Used tracking frequency at the moment Ref f1 Reference frequency 1 Ref f2 Reference frequency 2 M thermal T Motor thermal temperature F thermal T Feeder thermal temperature T therma...

Страница 439: ...85 serial communication port Up to 32 sub units can be connected to an AQ 200 master unit These messages can then be used for controlling logic in the master device display the status in user created...

Страница 440: ...tivate 200 Instruction manual arcteq fi downloads All imported signals can be given a description The description will be displayed in most of menus with the signal logic editor matrix block settings...

Страница 441: ...MGWB3 Bit 65 Bit 96 ON OFF MGWB4 Bit 97 Bit 128 ON OFF MGWD1 Double Bit 1 Double bit 16 ON ON OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON MGWD2 Double Bit 17 Double bit 32 ON ON OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON A AQ Q M257 M257 Instr...

Страница 442: ...7 Connections and application examples 7 1 Connections of AQ M257 Figure 7 1 213 AQ M257 variant without add on modules A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 440 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021...

Страница 443: ...Figure 7 1 214 AQ M257 variant with digital input and output modules A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021 441...

Страница 444: ...protection IED The example is of motor differential protection Since three line to neutral voltages are connected this application uses the voltage measurement mode 3LN see the image below Additionall...

Страница 445: ...input and one non latched trip output The figure below presents an application scheme for trip circuit supervision with one digital input and a non latched trip output With this connection the curren...

Страница 446: ...be added to the digital input An activation delay that is slightly longer than the circuit breaker s operations time should be enough When circuit breaker failure protection CBFP is used adding its op...

Страница 447: ...IED s output relay contact opens in under 50 ms or after a set release delay that takes place after the breaker is opened This means that the open coil is energized for a while after the breaker has...

Страница 448: ...losed again The following logic scheme or similar blocks the supervision alarm when the circuit breaker is open The alarm is issued whenever the breaker is closed and whenever the inverted digital inp...

Страница 449: ...Figure 7 3 221 Example block scheme A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021 447...

Страница 450: ...U a number of inputs and outputs and the power supply as well as two separate current measurement modules and one separate voltage measurement module The images below present the modules of both the n...

Страница 451: ...from Arcteq Relays Ltd or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been up...

Страница 452: ...t found the device issues an alarm 6 Scan Scans Slot E and finds the four channels of the VT module fixed for AQ 257 If the VTM is not found the device issues an alarm 7 Scan Scans Slot F and moves to...

Страница 453: ...nt has only explained the installation of I O add on cards to the option module slots This is because all other module types are treated in a same way For example when an additional communication port...

Страница 454: ...rd communication ports and the relay s basic digital I O The current consumption of the digital inputs is 2 mA when activated while the range of the operating voltage is 24 V 110 V 220 V depending on...

Страница 455: ...on Scanning cycle All digital inputs are scanned in a 5 ms cycle meaning that the state of an input is updated every 0 5 milliseconds When an input is used internally in the device either in group cha...

Страница 456: ...provide 0 5 inaccuracy when the range is 0 005 4 In The measurement ranges are as follows Phase currents 25 mA 250 A RMS Coarse residual current 5 mA 150 A RMS Fine residual current 1 mA 75 A RMS The...

Страница 457: ...e measurement range is 0 5 480 0 V per channel The angle measurement inaccuracy is less than 0 5 degrees within the nominal range The frequency measurement range of the voltage inputs is 6 1800 Hz wit...

Страница 458: ...elease delays The settings described in the table below can be found at Control Device I O Digital input settings in the relay settings Table 8 5 370 Digital input settings of DI8 module Name Range St...

Страница 459: ...8 5 229 Digital input state when energizing and de energizing the digital input channels Digital input descriptions Option card inputs can be given a description The user defined description are displ...

Страница 460: ...ll digital outputs are scanned in 5 ms program cycles and their contacts are mechanical in type The rated voltage of the NO NC outputs is 250 VAC DC For the naming convention of the digital inputs pro...

Страница 461: ...p to three 3 light sensors serially connected to it The user can choose how many of the channels are in use The high speed outputs HSO1 and HSO2 operate only with a DC power supply The battery s posit...

Страница 462: ...HSO control 8 8 RTD input module optional Figure 8 8 232 RTD input module connectors The RTD input module is an add on module with eight 8 RTD input channels Each input supports 2 wire 3 wire and 4 wi...

Страница 463: ...2 module connectors Connector Name Description COM E Serial fiber GG PP GP PG Serial based communications Wavelength 660 nm Compatible with 50 125 m 62 5 125 m 100 140 m and 200 m Plastic Clad Silica...

Страница 464: ...munications COM F Pin 8 RS 232 RX Serial based communications COM F Pin 9 COM F Pin 10 3 3 V output spare Spare power source for external equipment 45 mA COM F Pin 11 COM F Pin 12 The option card incl...

Страница 465: ...tors 10BASE T and 100BASE TX Both cards support both HSR and PRP protocols 8 11 Double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module optional Figure 8 11 236 Double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication modu...

Страница 466: ...dundancy options please refer to the option card LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module The images below present two example configurations the first displays a ring configuration note how the thir...

Страница 467: ...le RJ45 10 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module optional Figure 8 12 239 Double RJ 45 10 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module Connector Description Two pin connector IRIG B input A AQ Q M257 M257...

Страница 468: ...igurations For other redundancy options please refer to the option card LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module Figure 8 12 240 Example of a multidrop configuration 8 13 Milliampere mA I O module op...

Страница 469: ...n the factory or it can be upgraded in the field after the device s original installation when required The user sets the mA I O with the mA outputs control function This can be done at Control Device...

Страница 470: ...Figure 8 14 243 Device installation A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 468 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021...

Страница 471: ...Figure 8 14 244 Panel cut out and spacing of the IED A AQ Q M257 M257 Instruction manual Version 2 07 Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00021 469...

Страница 472: ...quency measurement range From 6 75Hz fundamental up to the 31st harmonic current Current measurement range 25 mA 250 A RMS Current measurement inaccuracy 0 005 4 000 IN 0 5 or 15 mA 4 20 IN 0 5 20 50...

Страница 473: ...each 5 Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact FRONT 4 H 6 35 Solid or stranded wire Maximum wire diameter 4 mm2 NO NOTE TE Current measurement accuracy has been verified with 50 60 H...

Страница 474: ...wer and energy measurement accuracy Power measurement P Q S Frequency range 6 75 Hz Inaccuracy 0 3 1 2 IN or 3 VA secondary 1 0 1 2 IN or 3 VA secondary Energy measurement Frequency range 6 75 Hz Ener...

Страница 475: ...rminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2 5 5 ST 5 08 Solid or stranded wire Maximum wire diameter 2 5 mm2 Other Minimum recommended fuse rating MCB C2 9 1 2 2 CPU communication ports Table 9 1 2 2 381 Fron...

Страница 476: ...Table 9 1 2 3 384 CPU model isolated digital inputs with thresholds defined by order code Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V AC DC Nominal voltage Order code defined 24 110 220 V AC DC Pick up...

Страница 477: ...386 Digital outputs Change Over Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V AC DC Continuous carry 5 A Make and carry 0 5 s Make and carry 3 s 30 A 15 A Breaking capacity DC L R 40 ms at 48 VDC at 110...

Страница 478: ...king capacity DC L R 40 ms at 48 VDC at 110 VDC at 220 VDC 1 A 0 4 A 0 2 A Control rate 5 ms Settings Polarity Software settable Normally On Normally Off Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoen...

Страница 479: ...es Voltage withstand 265 VDC Nominal voltage Pick up threshold Release threshold 24 VDC 16 VDC 15 VDC Scanning rate 5 ms Polarity Normally Off Current drain 3 mA Terminal block connection Terminal blo...

Страница 480: ...ata for the RTD input module Channels 1 8 2 3 4 wire RTD Pt100 or Pt1000 9 1 3 6 RS 232 serial fiber communication module Table 9 1 3 6 394 Technical data for the RS 232 serial fiber communication mod...

Страница 481: ...isplay Table 9 1 4 397 Technical data for the HMI TFT display Dimensions and resolution Number of dots resolution 800 x 480 Size 154 08 85 92 mm 6 06 3 38 in Display Type of display TFT Color RGB colo...

Страница 482: ...ime 0 010 10 000 s step 0 005 s 1 0 or 50 ms Instant reset time and start up reset 50 ms No Not te e The release delay does not apply to phase specific tripping 9 2 1 2 Non directional earth fault pro...

Страница 483: ...me accuracy does not apply when the measured secondary current in I02 is 1 20 mA The pick up is tuned to be more sensitive and the operation times vary because of this 9 2 1 3 Directional overcurrent...

Страница 484: ...onds in case the voltage drops below 1 0 V 9 2 1 4 Directional earth fault protection I0dir 67N 32N Table 9 2 1 4 401 Technical data for the directional earth fault function Measurement inputs Current...

Страница 485: ...t U0 I0 angle 97 of the pick up current and voltage setting 2 0 Reset time setting Inaccuracy Reset time 0 000 150 000 s step 0 005 s 1 0 or 45 ms Instant reset time and start up reset 50 ms 9 2 1 5 N...

Страница 486: ...nt inputs Phase current inputs IL1 A IL2 B IL3 C Residual current channel I01 Coarse Residual current channel I02 Fine Pick up Harmonic selection 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 9th 11th 13th 15th 17th or 19t...

Страница 487: ...7 Circuit breaker failure protection CBFP 50BF 52BF Table 9 2 1 7 404 Technical data for the circuit breaker failure protection function Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs IL1 A I...

Страница 488: ...racy Starting 3 of the set pick up value 0 5 IN setting 5 mA 0 5 IN setting Operation time Instant operation time 1 05 x ISET 30 ms Reset Reset ratio No hysteresis Reset time 40 ms 9 2 1 9 Overvoltage...

Страница 489: ...00 120 00 UN setting step 0 01 UN Inaccuracy Voltage 1 5 USET or 30 mV Low voltage block Pick up setting 0 00 80 00 UN setting step 0 01 UN Inaccuracy Voltage 1 5 USET or 30 mV Operation time Definit...

Страница 490: ...ting 1 00 50 00 U0N setting step 0 01 IN Inaccuracy Voltage U0 Voltage U0Calc 1 5 U0SET or 30 mV 150 mV Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0 00 1800 00 s setting step 0 005 s...

Страница 491: ...ms 20 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time trip UM USET ratio 0 95 1 05 65 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 or 103 of the pick up voltage setting Reset time setting Inaccuracy Reset...

Страница 492: ...60 Hz The tracked frequency mode When tracked mode is used the system s nominal frequency can be anything between 7 75 Hz 9 2 1 14 Rate of change of frequency protection df dt 81R Table 9 2 1 14 411 T...

Страница 493: ...ot condition Long heat T const hot Short heat T const hot Hot condition theta limit Cold Hot spot 0 0 500 0 min setting step 0 1 min 0 0 500 0 min setting step 0 1 min 0 00 100 00 setting step 0 01 Re...

Страница 494: ...T ratio 1 05 40 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 or 103 PSET Instant reset time and start up reset 40 ms No Not te e The voltage measurement starts from 0 5 V and the current measurement from 25 mA In case eit...

Страница 495: ...eset Reset ratio 97 of the pick up current setting Reset time setting Inaccuracy Reset time 0 010 150 000 s step 0 005 s 1 0 or 35 ms Instant reset time and start up reset 55 ms 9 2 1 18 Frequent star...

Страница 496: ...e 0 010 150 000 s step 0 005 s 1 0 or 35 ms Instant reset time and start up reset 50 ms 9 2 1 20 Mechanical jam protection Im 51M Table 9 2 1 20 417 Technical data for the mechanical jam function Meas...

Страница 497: ...instant operation time trip ZM ZSET ratio 0 95 45 ms Reset Reset ratio 103 ZSET Reset time setting Inaccuracy Reset time 0 010 150 000 s step 0 005 s 1 0 or 25 ms Instant reset time and start up rese...

Страница 498: ...time function operating time setting 0 00 1800 00 s setting step 0 005 s Inaccuracy Definite time at least 0 01 below the setting 1 0 or 30 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation t...

Страница 499: ...ng active Instant operation time 3 00 ISET 30 ms Harmonic blocking active Reset Reset ratio differential current 97 of the differential current setting typically Reset time 45 ms 9 2 1 25 Arc fault pr...

Страница 500: ...IL1 A IL2 B IL3 C Pick up Pick up voltage setting Pick up current setting optional 2 00 50 00 UN setting step 0 01 x UN 0 01 50 00 IN setting step 0 01 IN Inaccuracy Voltage Current 1 5 USET or 30 mV...

Страница 501: ...en command output Operation time Breaker traverse time setting 0 02 500 00 s setting step 0 02 s Max close open command pulse length 0 02 500 00 s setting step 0 02 s Control termination time out sett...

Страница 502: ...relays 9 2 3 2 Voltage transformer supervision 60 Table 9 2 3 2 427 Technical data for the voltage transformer supervision function Measurement inputs Voltage inputs UL1 UL2 UL3 UL12 UL23 UL31 Voltag...

Страница 503: ...0 2 of the measured current rest 0 5 0 5 of operations deducted 9 2 3 4 Total harmonic distortion Table 9 2 3 4 429 Technical data for the total harmonic distortion function Input signals Current inp...

Страница 504: ...hnical data for the event logger function General information Event history capacity 15 000 events Event timestamp resolution 0 001 seconds 9 3 Tests and environmental Electrical environment compatibi...

Страница 505: ...nd bump test EN 60255 1 EN 60255 27 IEC 60255 21 2 20 g 1 000 bumps dir Table 9 3 435 Environmental tests Damp heat cyclic EN 60255 1 IEC 60068 2 30 Operational 25 55 C 93 97 RH 12 12h Dry heat EN 602...

Страница 506: ...aging net Dimensions Height 208 mm Width 257 mm rack Depth 165 mm no cards or connectors Weight 1 5 kg With packaging gross Dimensions Height 250 mm Width 343 mm Depth 256 mm Weight 2 0 kg A AQ Q M257...

Страница 507: ...p Description tion No Not te e Manufact Manufactur urer er ADAM 4015 CE External 6 channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input module pre configured Requires an external power module Advanced Co Ltd A AQ Q M257 M2...

Страница 508: ...point sensor unit 25 000 lux threshold Max cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd AQ 01C Light point sensor unit 50 000 lux threshold Max cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd AQ 02A Pressure and light point sensor un...

Страница 509: ...d postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa Finland Contacts Phone 358 10 3221 370 Website arcteq fi Technical support support arcteq fi 358 10 3221 388 EET 9 00 17 00 E mail sales sales arcteq fi...

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