Intel 80C186EA, User Manual

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5-23
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
5.2.4 Implementing a Power Management Scheme
Table 5-2 summarizes the power management options available to the user. With three ways
available to reduce power consumption, here are some guidelines:
•
Powerdown mode reduces power consumption by several orders of magnitude. If the
application goes into and out of Powerdown frequently, the power reduction can probably
offset the relatively long intervals spent leaving Powerdown mode.
•
If background CPU tasks are usually necessary and the overhead of reprogramming
peripherals is not severe, Power-Save mode can “tune” the clock rate to the best value.
Remember that current varies linearly with respect to frequency.
•
Idle mode fits DMA-intensive and interrupt-intensive (as opposed to CPU-intensive) appli-
cations perfectly.
The processor can operate in Power-Save mode and Idle mode concurrently. With Idle mode
alone, rated power consumption typically drops a third or more. Power-Save mode multiplies that
reduction further according to the selected clock divisor.
Overall power consumption has two parts: switching power dissipated by driving loads such as
the address/data bus, and device power dissipated internally by the microprocessor whether or not
it is connected to external devices. A power management scheme should consider loading as well
as the raw specifications in the processor's data sheet.
NOTE
If an NMI or external maskable interrupt service routine is used to enter a
power management mode, the interrupt request signal should be deasserted
before entering the power management mode.
Table 5-2. Summary of Power Management Modes
Mode
Relative
Power
Typical
Power
User
Overhead
Chief
Advantage
Active Full 250 mW at 16 MHz — Full-speed operation
Idle Low 175 mW at 16 MHz Low Peripherals are unaffected
Power-Save Adjustable 125 mW at 16/2 MHz Moderate to High Code execution continues
Powerdown Lowest 250 µW Low to Moderate Long battery life