Hawker Beechcraft Hawker 800XP, Руководство по эксплуатации для пилотов, Страница: 916 / 923

Page 23
Pilot’s Operating Manual
Revision A1: Nov, 2002
Hawker 800XP Pro Line 21
Section VII - SAFETY INFORMATION
• Recognize that under some conditions of weight, density altitude, and airplane configuration, a twin
engine airplane cannot climb or accelerate on a single engine. Hence a single engine go-around
is impossible and the airplane is committed to a landing. Plan your approach accordingly.
• Remember that if a stall or spin occurs under instrument conditions, the pilot, without reference to
the horizon, is certain to become disoriented. The pilot may be unable to recognize a stall, spin
entry, or the spin condition and may be unable to determine even the direction of the rotation.
• Finally, never forget that stall avoidance is your best protection against an inadvertent spin.
MAINTAIN AIRSPEED.
Vortices - Wake Turbulence
Every airplane generates wakes of turbulence while in flight. Part of this is from the engine, and part
from the wing tip vortices. The larger and heavier the airplane, the more pronounced and turbulent the
wakes will be. Wing tip vortices from large, heavy airplanes are very severe at close range,
degenerating with time, wind and distance. These are rolling in nature, from each wing tip.
In tests, vortex velocities of 133 knots have been recorded. Encountering the rolling effect of wing tip
vortices within two minutes after passage of large airplanes is most hazardous to light airplanes. This
roll effect can exceed the maximum counter-roll obtainable in a light airplane.
The turbulent areas may remain for as long as three minutes or more, depending on wind conditions,
and may extend several miles behind the airplane. Plan to fly slightly above and to the windward side
of other airplanes. Because of the wide variety of conditions that can be encountered, there is no set
rule to follow to avoid wake turbulence in all situations.
However, the Aeronautical Information Manual, and to a greater extent Advisory Circular 90-23, Aircraft
Wake Turbulence, provide a thorough discussion of the factors you should be aware of when wake
turbulence may be encountered.
Takeoff and Landing Conditions
When taking off on runways covered with water or freezing slush, the landing gear should remain
extended for approximately ten seconds longer than normal, allowing the wheels to spin and dissipate
the freezing moisture. The landing gear should then be cycled up, then down, wait approximately five
seconds and then retracted again.
Caution must be exercised to make sure the entire operation is performed below Maximum Landing
Gear Operating Airspeed.
Use caution when landing on runways that are covered by water or slush which cause hydroplaning
(aquaplaning), a phenomenon that renders braking and steering ineffective because of the lack of
sufficient surface friction. Snow and ice covered runways are also hazardous. The pilot should also be
alert to the possibility of the brakes freezing.
Use caution when taking off or landing during gusty wind conditions. Also be aware of the special wind
conditions caused by buildings or other obstructions located near the runway in a crosswind pattern.