FluoroMax-3 v. 3.1 (6 Mar 2006)
Glossary
13-10
sented as signal to peak-to-peak noise, or signal-to-noise at first stan-
dard deviation (FSD).
Single Point
The FluorEssence™ scan-type designed for performing single-point
measurements at discrete wavelength pairs. The data are acquired as
single points at a user-defined set of excitation/emission wavelength
pairs for a user-defined number of samples. These data are displayed
in either spreadsheet format, or in a plot. This application is for Mi-
croMax or FluoroMax
®
-3 users who routinely perform assays on a
large number of samples.
Singlet state
The spin-paired ground or excited state. The process of absorption
generally produces the first excited singlet state, which takes time to
fluoresce, and may undergo intersystem crossing to form a triplet
state.
Spectral calibration
The accuracy of a monochromator with respect to its wavelength
alignment. This is a measure of the monochromator being at the cor-
rect wavelength when it is set there. Monochromators are tradition-
ally calibrated using line-spectra sources, such as mercury lamps.
Spectrofluorometers may be calibrated by performing two scans, one
of the source, and one of a standard (such as water) to calibrate all of
the monochromators. For Spex
®
spectrofluorometers, the xenon-lamp
scan is performed on the excitation with the 467.1-nm peak assigned
as such in the software. The water Raman band is scanned with 350-
nm excitation, and the 397-nm peak is assigned as such in the soft-
ware for the emission monochromators.
Spectral correction
The removal of the wavelength sensitivity of detectors, optics,
sources, and backgrounds from the spectrum taken on a sample.
When spectral correction has been properly performed, the true theo-
retical spectra from a sample should be all the remains. Spectral cor-
rection is accomplished with a variety of options on Spex
®
spectro-
fluorometers. Excitation and emission correction factor files are pro-
vided to remove the wavelength sensitivity of detectors and their op-
tics. The reference detector is present to remove the lamp and excita-
tion optics response. Blank subtraction and dark offset are used to
remove background levels and responses.
Spectral response
Most detectors have a higher sensitivity to some wavelengths than to
others. The spectral response of a detector is often expressed graphi-
cally in a plot of responsivity versus wavelength.
Spectrofluorometer
An analytical instrument used to measure the fluorescence properties
of a molecule or substance. The device consists of at least two mono-
chromators, a source, sample compartment and detection electronics.
The instruments may be scanned on the excitation, emission or both
to provide insight on the characteristics of the sample being studied.
Newer spectrofluorometers provide many more automated options,
including polarization, temperature, titer plates, pressure, and many
more. Today, these instruments are computer-controlled, allowing
Summary of Contents for FluoroMax-3
Page 5: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 3 Mar 2006 v 15 Declaration of Conformity 15 1 16 Index 16 1...
Page 6: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 3 Mar 2006 vi...
Page 18: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 3 Mar 2006 Introduction 0 12...
Page 36: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 22 Feb 2005 System Description 2 8...
Page 96: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 3 Mar 2006 Maintenance 6 12...
Page 156: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 6 Mar 2006 Automated Polarizers 10 22...
Page 208: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 6 Mar 2006 Bibliography 14 4...
Page 210: ...FluoroMax 3 v 3 1 6 Mar 2006 Declaration of Conformity 15 2...
