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Normalize

The Normalize command maximizes the overall volume of a file without introducing clipping. When you normalize a file, the entire file is
scanned and a constant gain is applied to raise the file’s level to a specified value.

Normalizing audio

1.

Open the Musicbed.pca file.

2.

From the

Process

menu, choose

Normalize

. The Normalize dialog is displayed.

3.

From the

Preset

drop-down list, choose

Normalize RMS to -16 dB (music)

and click

OK

. The file is normalized and its overall

“loudness” is increased.

Normalize controls

The following controls are located in the Normalize dialog.

Control

Description

Normalize using Peak

This radio button normalizes the audio file using the maximum (instantaneous) sample values detected. A

level

constant gain is then applied to the audio.

Normalize using Average This radio button normalizes the audio file using the detected average RMS value of the audio file. This is
RMS level (loudness)

helpful for matching the apparent loudness of a number of individual recordings.

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CHAPTER 11

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Summary of Contents for Pro 10

Page 1: ...Pro 10 Sound Forge User Manual ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...ndow layouts on page 309 Tabbed browsing for maximized data windows For more information see Display tab on page 314 iZotope MBIT Dither bit depth conversion and 64 Bit SRC sample rate conversion For more information see iZotope MBIT Dither on page 178 and iZotope 64 Bit SRC on page 191 Resonant Filter plug in For more information see Resonant Filter on page 212 Custom selection grid lines For mor...

Page 4: ...es ACID ACIDized ACIDplanet com ACIDplanet the ACIDplanet logo ACID XMC Artist Integrated the Artist Integrated logo Beatmapper Cinescore CD Architect DVD Architect Jam Trax Perfect Clarity Audio Photo Go Sound Forge Super Duper Music Looper Vegas Vision Series and Visual Creation Studio are the trademarks or registered trademarks of Sony Creative Software Inc in the United States and other countr...

Page 5: ...ther patents issued or pending Services supplied and or device manufactured under license for following Open Globe Inc United States Patent 6 304 523 Gracenote and CDDB are registered trademarks of Gracenote The Gracenote logo and logotype MusicID and the Powered by Gracenote logo are trademarks of Gracenote LPEC LPEC is a trademark of Sony Corporation Microsoft DirectX programming interface Porti...

Page 6: ... http www sonycreativesoftware com The software is provided to you under the terms of the End User License Agreement and Software Privacy Policy and must be used and or copied in accordance therewith Copying or distributing the software except as expressly described in the End User License Agreement is strictly prohibited No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for a...

Page 7: ...Alt 2 24 Video Preview window Alt 3 24 Time Display window Alt 4 24 Channel Meters window Alt 5 24 Hardware Meters window Alt 6 24 Undo Redo History window Alt 7 24 Spectrum Analysis window Alt 8 24 Plug In Chainer window Alt 9 25 Plug In Manager window Ctrl Alt 0 25 Keyboard window Ctrl Alt 1 25 Script Editor window Ctrl Alt 2 25 Loop Tuner window Ctrl Alt 3 25 Metadata windows 25 Copying metadat...

Page 8: ...r 38 Regions Playlist toolbar 39 Insert toolbar 39 Process toolbar 40 Effects toolbar 41 Tools toolbar 42 Levels toolbar 42 Scripting toolbar 43 ToolTips 43 Using ToolTips 43 Turning off ToolTips 43 Command descriptions 43 Keyboard shortcuts 43 Monitoring levels in digital audio 43 Decibels 43 Digital versus analog levels 44 Setting digital audio levels 44 Using the channel meters 44 Using the VU ...

Page 9: ...ion status 63 Viewing selection statistics 64 Creating data windows 65 Active data windows vs inactive data windows 65 Copying data to a new file 65 Working with files 66 Saving a file 66 Using the Save As Render As dialog 66 Creating custom templates 68 Creating custom rendering settings 68 Saving all open audio files 68 Saving files as a workspace 68 Working with projects 69 Saving projects 69 S...

Page 10: ...vel ruler vertical 88 Using custom zoom settings 89 Using zooming shortcuts 90 Using the Magnify tool 90 Selecting audio using start and end values 92 Using the Set Selection dialog 92 Selecting audio during playback 93 Fine tuning a selection 93 Adjusting a selection with the mouse 93 Adjusting a selection with the keyboard 93 Restoring a selection 93 Using selection grid lines 94 Understanding s...

Page 11: ...y information 107 Saving summary information 107 Including additional embedded information 107 Editing Multichannel Audio 109 Routing channels to hardware outputs 110 Opening and editing multichannel audio files 110 Recording multichannel audio files 111 Using the hardware meters 111 Adjusting output levels 111 Showing or hiding meters 112 Using Markers Regions and the Playlist Cutlist 113 Why use...

Page 12: ... 125 Deleting all markers and regions 125 Deleting all markers and regions within the selected area 125 Previewing a region 125 Splitting regions 125 Triggering a region using MIDI commands 126 Using markers to create regions 126 Locking loop and region lengths 126 Creating new files from regions 126 Using the Regions List 127 Displaying the Regions List 127 Working with the Regions List 127 Using...

Page 13: ...ing and Synthesizing Audio 147 Overwriting and replicating 147 Overwriting 147 Replicating 148 Repeating an operation 149 Inserting silence 149 Using drag and drop operations 150 Dragging mono selections into multichannel destinations 150 Snapping to points in drag and drop operations 150 Pasting mixing and creating CD tracks with drag and drop 150 Creating new windows by dragging and dropping a s...

Page 14: ...68 Selecting events using menu commands 168 Selecting events using keyboard shortcuts 168 Selecting multiple events 168 Zooming events 169 Snapping to events 169 Processing Audio 171 Applying presets 171 Using presets 171 Creating presets 172 Deleting presets 172 Resetting parameters 172 Managing presets 173 Previewing processed audio 173 Setting custom preview parameters 173 Bypassing a process w...

Page 15: ...e processing mode for audio tail data 199 Saving plug in chains 200 Saving individual plug in settings as a custom preset 200 Loading plug in chains or plug in presets 201 Using the Plug In Manager 202 Applying a plug in or chain to a media file 202 Renaming a plug in 203 Hiding a plug in 203 Organizing effects in the FX Favorites menu 203 Using the Preset Manager 204 Automating effect parameters ...

Page 16: ...irror effects 215 The acoustic signature 215 Adding an acoustic signature to an audio file 215 Adjusting the acoustic signature 215 General tab controls 216 Envelope tab controls 217 Summary tab controls 218 Recover tab controls 218 Creating impulse files 220 What you need to create custom impulses 220 Recording the impulse in an acoustic space 220 Recording the impulse through an electronic devic...

Page 17: ...ion 231 Using the Script Editor window 232 Opening and running a script 233 Running a script from the Script Editor window 233 Running a script from the Scripting menu 233 Running a script from the command line 233 Script arguments 234 Adding scripts to the Scripting menu 234 Creating a script 235 Editing an existing script 235 Using the Scripting toolbar 236 Adding or removing toolbar buttons 236...

Page 18: ...DS with open loop 251 Setting up SCSI SMDI hardware 251 Troubleshooting SCSI SMDI 251 Conflicting SCSI IDs 251 Periodic transfer failures 252 Sampler is recognized but does not transfer reliably 252 Working with MIDI SMPTE 253 What is MIDI 253 MIDI triggers 253 Playback versus triggered playback 253 Triggering file playback 253 Triggering region playback 255 Triggering playback from additional int...

Page 19: ...CID one shot file 267 Creating an ACID loop file 267 Creating an ACID beatmapped file 268 Editing loops for ACID software 269 Halving or doubling a loop 269 Shifting a selection left or right 269 Rotating audio 270 Setting loop tempo 271 Saving loop points 271 Working with Video 273 Viewing video 273 Using the video strip 273 Previewing files with video 275 Using an external monitor 276 Attaching ...

Page 20: ...ng sonograms in a multichannel file 286 Returning to a spectrum graph 286 Printing the sonogram 286 Adjusting Spectrum Analysis settings 287 Saving spectrum graph settings 288 Burning CDs 289 Understanding track at once and disc at once burning 289 Track at once 289 Disc at once single session or Red Book 289 Correcting the sample rate for CD burning 289 Writing mono tracks to a CD 289 Burning tra...

Page 21: ... from your computer 310 Customizing the Time Display window 311 Setting preferences 312 General tab 312 Display tab 314 Editing tab 316 Labels tab 317 File Types tab 318 MIDI Sync tab 318 Previews tab 319 Status tab 320 Toolbars tab 320 CD Settings tab 321 Audio tab 322 Video tab 323 VST Effects tab 324 Customizing keyboard shortcuts 325 Editing or creating shortcuts 325 Saving a keyboard mapping ...

Page 22: ...io data compression and decompression 337 Transparent playback and recording of non hardware supported audio files 338 SMPTE Timecode 339 SMPTE 25 EBU 25 fps Video 339 SMPTE Drop Frame 29 97 fps Video 339 SMPTE Non Drop Frame 29 97 fps Video 339 SMPTE 30 30 fps Audio 339 SMPTE Film Sync 24 fps 339 Using CSOUND MTU IRCAM BICSF and EBICSF Files 341 About IRCAM files 341 About BICSF and EBICSF files ...

Page 23: ...xriff pca Voiceover pca The files are saved in Perfect Clarity Audio PCA format a Sony Creative Software Inc proprietary lossless audio compression format System requirements The following lists the minimum system requirements for using Sound Forge Microsoft Windows XP Service Pack 2 or later Windows Vista Service Pack 2 or later or Windows 7 1 0 GHz processor 350 MB hard disk space for program in...

Page 24: ...nd Index from the Help menu or press F1 Toolbar Tabs Information pane The online help window has four tabs that you can use to find the information you need Tab Description Contents Provides a list of available help topics Click a closed book to open the pages and then click on a topic page Index Provides a complete listing of the help topics available Scroll through the list of available topics o...

Page 25: ...ime by choosing Interactive Tutorials from the Help menu Help on the Web Additional Sound Forge information is available on the Sony Creative Software Inc Web site From the Help menu choose Sony on the Web and choose the desired location from the submenu The software starts your system s Web browser and attempts to connect to the appropriate page on the Sony Web site INTRODUCTION 19 ...

Page 26: ...20 CHAPTER 1 ...

Page 27: ... mouse Shift clicking is typically used to skip dialogs and quickly repeat operations Ctrl clicking Holding down the Ctrl key while clicking the mouse Ctrl clicking is used to modify the operation of a normal click Dragging Holding down the left mouse button while moving the mouse pointer and releasing the mouse at the desired location Dragging is used to quickly move sections of data between wind...

Page 28: ...depth channel configuration length of the active data window CD time remaining and total free storage space Note The CD Time Remaining box is displayed only when CD tracks exist in the active data window Workspace With the exceptions of the CD Time Remaining and Free Storage boxes you can edit these boxes by double clicking or right clicking them When no data windows are open only the Free Storage...

Page 29: ...en you drag it hold the Ctrl key Docked channel meters Docked keyboard Note When the Allow floating windows to dock check box on the General tab of the Preferences dialog is cleared windows will not dock unless you hold the Ctrl key When the check box is selected you can prevent a window from docking by holding the Ctrl key For more information see General tab on page 312 To expand a docked window...

Page 30: ...page 275 Time Display window Alt 4 The Time Display window displays the current cursor or play position From the View menu choose Time Display to show or hide the Time Display window For more information see Customizing the Time Display window on page 311 Channel Meters window Alt 5 Sound Forge software provides peak and VU PPM peak program meters that you can use to monitor your audio levels From...

Page 31: ... to show or hide the Script Editor window For more information see Using the Script Editor window on page 232 Loop Tuner window Ctrl Alt 3 The Loop Tuner window can be used to adjust the starting and ending points of a loop to create smooth transitions From the View menu choose Loop Tuner to show or hide the Loop Tuner window For more information see Editing loops on page 263 Metadata windows From...

Page 32: ...in the active data window From the View menu choose Metadata and then choose Regions List from the submenu to show or hide the Regions List window For more information see Using the Regions List on page 127 Playlist window Ctrl Alt M 1 The Playlist window is used to arrange regions for playback From the View menu choose Metadata and then choose Playlist from the submenu to show or hide the Playlis...

Page 33: ...cks that you want to conform to the project key If you do not want a track transposed to the project key a track that contains a drum sample for example choose Don t transpose Number of beats Double click to edit the length of the file Selecting a value that does not match the actual file will cause ACID to play the loop at a different speed than normal For example specifying a length of 8 beats f...

Page 34: ...Name Title box in the CD Information or Track List window is left blank a warning will be displayed before burning so you can choose to write the disc without CD Text or cancel burning and add title information as needed You can write a maximum of 5000 characters as CD Text Artist CD Text Type the name of the artist If you select the Write CD Text check box on the Burn Disc at Once CD dialog this ...

Page 35: ...arrow and choose a sample period from the drop down list or choose Custom to type a value in the edit box to set the duration of each sample in nanoseconds Unity note Indicates the MIDI note that will cause a sampler to play the sound file at the pitch sample rate it was originally recorded Click the down arrow to choose a new unity note and octave Fine tune Allows you to pitch shift the unity not...

Page 36: ...ings on the digitizer required to produce the file The format of this information depends on hardware used IMED Medium Describes the format of the original subject of the file INAM Name Title CD Text The title of the subject of the file such as Madison From Above IPLT Palette Setting The number of colors requested when digitizing an image IPRD Product The name of the title the file was originally ...

Page 37: ...n a region to select it Edit Tool Selector Toggles through the available edit tools Right click to display a shortcut menu that allows you to display or hide data window elements Playbar Contains audio transport buttons For more information see Playbar on page 34 Selection status boxes Displays the beginning end and length of a selection If no selection exists only the cursor position displays Dou...

Page 38: ... editing functions from the Track List window For more information see Moving tracks on the CD layout bar on page 297 Time zoom resolution Specifies the number of samples of data represented by each horizontal point on the screen This determines the length of time displayed in the data window Smaller resolution values display less time Time zoom in out Changes the zoom resolution for the time hori...

Page 39: ...scade Arranges all open data windows so they overlap with the title bar of each window remaining visible Tile Horizontally Arranges all open data windows top to bottom with no overlapping Note This command affects only non minimized windows Tile Vertically Arranges all open data windows left to right with no overlapping Note This command affects only non minimized windows Arrange Icons Arranges mi...

Page 40: ...mal Plays from the cursor to the end of the file Play as Sample Plays the file with the sustaining and release loops repeating the specified number of times If there is a selection plays from the beginning of the This button is displayed only if you have defined a sample selection to the end of the selection loop Go to Previous Track Moves the cursor to the previous disc at once track or index Hol...

Page 41: ...m the View menu choose Toolbars The Preferences dialog is displayed with a list of available toolbars 2 To display a toolbar select the corresponding check box and click OK Select a check box to display a toolbar Click Customize to add remove or rearrange buttons on a toolbar Customizing a toolbar 1 From the View menu choose Toolbars The Preferences dialog is displayed with a list of available too...

Page 42: ... with the clipboard data For more information see Pasting on page 72 Mix Mixes a copy of the clipboard data with the current audio file The mix start point is either the cursor point or the start or end of the selection in the destination data window For more information see Mixing on page 75 Play Clipboard Plays the audio on the clipboard For more information see Previewing clipboard contents on ...

Page 43: ...ve samples selected click Play All to play all selected samples in the data window Play Plays the file in current playback mode Play Normal Forward Moves the cursor forward in the current file Play Plug In Chainer Play as Cutlist or Play as Sample Playback for musical instrument files behaves slightly differently than playback in a normal data window If no samples are selected click Play to play a...

Page 44: ... selection Halve Selection Divides the current selection in half Shift Selection Left Shifts the current selection to the left so the current start point becomes the end point Shift Selection Right Shifts the current selection to the right so the current end point becomes the start point The Navigation toolbar also contains a Tempo box that appears to the right of the toolbar buttons This box calc...

Page 45: ...rmation see Using markers on page 114 active data window For more information see Adding a volume or panning envelope on page 205 Insert Region Inserts region tags at the beginning and end Insert Pan Envelope Adds a panning envelope to the of the current selection For more information see Using active data window For more information see Adding a regions on page 120 volume or panning envelope on p...

Page 46: ...s in the selection For more information see Fade Fade In on page 184 Fade Out Fades out the selection For more information see Fade Fade Out on page 184 Invert Flip Inverts or flips the polarity of the current selection For more information see Invert Flip on page 184 Mute Mutes the current selection For more information see Mute on page 185 Normalize Normalizes the loudness of an audio file For m...

Page 47: ...Forces the amplitude envelope of a waveform to match a specified envelope shape For more information see Envelope on page 210 Flange Wah Wah Mixes a modulated delay signal with the original signal For more information click the Help button in the effect dialog Gapper Snipper Removes inserts sections of silence at regular intervals to create unusual effects For more information click the Help butto...

Page 48: ...ding selection from the opposite channel For more information see Copying the other channel on page 154 Levels toolbar Noise Reduction Analyzes and removes background noise such as tape hiss electrical hum and machinery rumble For more information click the Help button in the plug in dialog Click and Crackle Removal Detects and removes all clicks and pops For more information click the Help button...

Page 49: ... Keyboard map allows you to customize the keyboard shortcuts available in the Sound Forge interface You can access the Keyboard map by choosing Customize Keyboard from the Options menu For more information see Customizing keyboard shortcuts on page 325 Monitoring levels in digital audio The Sound Forge channel meters display peak levels during playback Use the meters to monitor levels and ensure n...

Page 50: ...ording level should be set so that the peak is as close to 0 dB as possible to maximize the dynamic range of the digital medium If the loudest section of audio is unknown allow 3 to 6 dB of headroom for unexpected peaks Tip From the Tools menu choose Find and use the Find dialog to identify the largest peak in your file Using the channel meters From the View menu choose Channel Meters to open or c...

Page 51: ...g the meters display resolution The peak meters display levels in dB FS To change the resolution of the meters do either of the following From the Options menu choose Channel Meters choose Peak Range from the submenu and then choose a display range Right click the channel meter choose Peak Range from the submenu and then choose a display range Note Choosing a wide range allows you to see low level...

Page 52: ... dialog see Audio tab on page 322 Using the VU PPM meters You can display volume unit VU and peak program PPM meters in the Channel Meters and Hardware Meters windows to help you determine the perceived loudness of your audio signal peak program meters provide faster response times to volume increases than VU meters For more information on channel meters see Using the channel meters on page 44 For...

Page 53: ...nd is displayed with a scale of 1 to 7 which corresponds to a range of 12 to 12 dBu UK Marks dBu 7 12 6 8 5 4 4 0 3 4 2 8 1 12 EBU PPM The EBU peak program meter is a Type II meter and is displayed with a scale of 12 to 12 which corresponds to 12 dBu to 12 dBu 0 on the EBU PPM equals 0 dBu The EBU PPM and UK PPM respond identically to increases in volume but the EBU PPM decays more slowly DIN PPM ...

Page 54: ...raph This setting is identical to the Lissajous XY Plot setting but the graph is rotated 45 degrees Polar Linear Plot Displays the right and left channels plotted vertically on the graph Polar Circular Plot Displays the right and left channels plotted on a circular graph Using the mono compatibility meters You can display a mono compatibility meter in the Channel Meters and Hardware Meters windows...

Page 55: ...oard shortcuts available when using faders and sliders If you want to Then use the following shortcuts Change the value in small increments Up Arrow Down Arrow Left Arrow and Right Arrow or Hover the mouse over the fader or slider control and press Ctrl while moving the mouse wheel Change the value in larger Page Up and Page Down increments or Hover the mouse over the fader or slider control and m...

Page 56: ...ected envelope points to the desired position The pointer displays as a multi directional arrow and the selected points move together 4 Release the mouse button The entire envelope graph adjusts Reposition multiple envelope points Changing the fade curve between two points To change the type of fade between two envelope points right click an envelope segment and choose a fade type Linear Fade Fast...

Page 57: ...ichannel waveforms The Show Wave drop down list allows you to specify how multichannel files appear in the envelope graph Multichannel files When a data window displays a multichannel file all channels are shown at the same time Working with multichannel files When playing editing or processing multichannel files you can select a single channel or all channels However certain processing tasks cann...

Page 58: ... choose Edit from the submenu to select the Edit tool Tip Press Ctrl D or click the Edit Tool button on the Standard toolbar 3 Select the data Drag within a channel to select that channel only Double click a channel number to select the entire channel Drag across channels to select multiple channels Drag along the divider between channels or the loop bar above the ruler to select all channels Hold...

Page 59: ...k the Stop button 3 Press Tab The first channel is selected 4 Click the Play Normal button Only the first channel plays Click the Stop button 5 Press Tab The second channel is selected 6 Click the Play Normal button Only the second channel plays Click the Stop button Single channel editing You have the ability to cut copy and paste data in single channels of a multichannel file However channel len...

Page 60: ...54 CHAPTER 2 ...

Page 61: ...o past Save check box selected on the General tab of the Preferences dialog To access the Preferences dialog choose Preferences from the Options menu 1 From the File menu choose Save As to save the current data window to a project file The Save As dialog appears 2 Using the Save in drop down list locate the folder where you want to save the project 3 From the Save as type drop down list choose Sou...

Page 62: ...When appending files to a data window be sure to use files with matching formats or perform any required sample rate or bit depth conversion before appending the files If the formats of the selected files do not match they will play back at the target format without any conversion If the sample rates do not match for example pitch will not be preserved When the check box is not selected multiple f...

Page 63: ...lorer window has a mini transport bar with Start Preview Stop Preview and Auto Preview buttons When you preview a file its stream is sent to the channel meters on the main workspace for audio files or to the Video Preview window for video files Note To preview video files you must have the Video Preview window open To display the Video Preview window choose Video Preview from the View menu 1 Selec...

Page 64: ... Obtaining or editing CD information If Sound Forge can access information about a track or CD either from the file or CD itself or from a local cache it automatically reads and displays this information when you insert a CD or browse your computer However if this information is not available the software can retrieve information over the Internet from Gracenote MusicID Once Sound Forge obtains in...

Page 65: ... extracted into a separate data window 1 Use the Explorer window to browse to and select your CD drive The CD s audio tracks appear in the right pane of the Explorer window 2 Select the tracks you want to extract 3 Drag the tracks to the main Sound Forge workspace The software begins extracting the selected tracks into individual data windows 4 To stop the extraction process you can click the Canc...

Page 66: ...ware but this functionality allows you to attach detach and edit audio for the video Once you ve edited the audio you can preview the audio and video together When you open a media file containing video the data window displays the video portion in a video strip above the audio Video strip For more information see Working with Video on page 273 60 CHAPTER 3 ...

Page 67: ...r specified format For more information see Selecting status formats on page 80 Overview bar current position Status box value Cursor position Data window scrolling during playback From the Options menu choose Scroll Playback or press F6 to enable automatic data window scrolling during playback When the cursor moves off of the current window it will quickly scroll to show another full window of da...

Page 68: ...ition the cursor If you do not want to interrupt playback when positioning the cursor clear this command Playing in Loop Playback mode You can play an entire file or a selection in Loop Playback mode In Loop Playback mode the audio is played in a continuous loop Click the Loop Playback button on the transport bar or press Q to turn Loop Playback mode on and off Tip When Options Seek Cursor on Play...

Page 69: ... of the selection Double click a box to edit the value No selection Selection Cursor position Selection start Selection end Selection length Selecting the status format You can display status values in any supported format You can change the format by right clicking and choosing a new format from the shortcut menu For more information see Selecting status formats on page 80 GETTING STARTED 63 ...

Page 70: ...lowed sample value is often referred to as 100 or 0 dB Maximum minimum sample The maximum and minimum sample values and the locations in samples where they position and sample value occur These values may help determine if clipping will occur in the audio file These values can also be used to determine the noise level of a signal for use with the Noise Gate effect a built in XFX plug in installed ...

Page 71: ... data windows are displayed on the workspace only the window currently being edited is active and all operations affect this window exclusively Activating a window To activate a data window click anywhere within it The title bar changes to the color defined as the active window color and the previously active window is deactivated Note Choosing Focus to Data Window from the View menu also results ...

Page 72: ...o select it 2 From the File menu choose Save Note When saving a new file the Save As dialog appears If the file was previously saved choosing Save automatically saves the file without your input Using the Save As Render As dialog The Save As dialog allows you to save an audio file with a new name in an alternate format or with new attributes The Render As dialog allows you to render a file using a...

Page 73: ... will be stored in both channels When converting from stereo to mono the data from both channels will be mixed to a single channel When determining bit rates 1K 1024 7 If you want to preserve metadata such as embedded data from other applications regions markers disc at once CD tracks commands playlist and sampler information in your file select the Save metadata with file check box If the check b...

Page 74: ...e File menu choose Render As The Render As dialog appears 2 Choose your preferred file format from the Save as type drop down list If the format allows you to create custom settings the Custom button becomes active 3 Click Custom The Custom Settings dialog appears 4 Make the appropriate setting changes for the chosen file format For help on individual settings click the Help button Tip To save the...

Page 75: ...ically saves all open files without prompting you to approve each save Saving files as a workspace To accommodate complex editing scenarios you can save the entire workspace as an alternative to saving individual files Workspaces are saved as Sound Forge Workspace sfw files When you open a workspace file all files are restored to their previous sizes positions and magnifications In addition each f...

Page 76: ...Save as type drop down list choose Sound Forge Pro Project File frg Sound Forge software creates a frg file in the folder you specified and creates a subfolder to store your sound and temporary files Note Because a Sound Forge project contains all your original sound data plus all PCM temporary files they can take some time to create Warning Deleting a project s filename _frg folder will break the...

Page 77: ...window will open with the source project If you are editing a source project using a computer other than the computer where the project was created then the editing computer must meet the following requirements The software that was used to create the project must be installed and the project file extension acd acd zip veg or frg must be registered on the editing computer The editing computer must...

Page 78: ...on Copying You can copy audio data from a data window to the clipboard without changing the original file Once audio data is on the clipboard you can paste it into existing files or use it to create new files Copying data to the clipboard 1 Open the Voiceover pca file This file is located in the same folder as the application 2 Create a selection containing Wow 3 From the Edit menu choose Copy or ...

Page 79: ...n page 34 2 From the Edit menu choose Paste or click the Paste button The clipboard data is inserted into the file and the data for Wow appears on the left side of the waveform Note If there is a selection the Paste command deletes the selected data before inserting 3 To confirm that the data has been pasted into the file click the Play All button Wow Wow Sound editing just gets easier and easier ...

Page 80: ... When deciding between cut and copy consider the following information Copying data has no effect on the original file Cutting data modifies the original file Cutting data from a window Note If you cut data from individual channels of multichannel files the waveform will contain silence at the end of the cut channel The channels in a multichannel file must always be equal in length 1 Create a sele...

Page 81: ...k will pre and post roll around the cursor position Configuring cut pre roll and post roll lengths Frequently the default pre roll and post roll lengths are insufficient to evaluate the accuracy of an edit For this reason you can configure pre roll and post roll lengths 1 From the Options menu choose Preferences The Preferences dialog appears 2 Click the Previews tab 3 Configure the Pre roll and P...

Page 82: ...e on the Sound Forge workspace always creates a new data window For more information see General tab on page 312 4 Drag the selection to the beginning of the Voiceover pca file The cursor appears as a mouse pointer with the letter M and a shaded selection box appears to show you where the mix will occur An envelope is drawn to show you the mix and fade levels The last used settings from the Mix Re...

Page 83: ... envelope in the data window Click the Fade Curves button and choose a curve type from the menu to set the speed of the fade in Proportional Fade Select the Proportional fade lengths check box if you want to specify fade lengths as a percentage of the selection Lengths Fade Out Type a value in the Fade Out box or use the spinner to set the length of the fade out between the source and destination ...

Page 84: ...onality choose Preferences from the Options menu click the General tab and select the Allow Undo past Save check box When this option is enabled your undo redo history is retained until you close the file or exit the software Using the Undo Redo History window The Undo Redo History window may seem confusing at first but you will find it invaluable once you have mastered it This window allows the a...

Page 85: ... the Mix operation and choose Undo from the Edit menu The drum track is extracted from the Voiceover pca data window and the Mix operation moves to the Redo pane 3 In the Redo pane click the Play button corresponding to the Mix operation The audio file plays with the mixed drum track 4 Select the Mix operation again and choose Redo from the Edit menu The drum track is remixed into the Voiceover pc...

Page 86: ...wing table briefly describes supported status formats hh hours mm minutes ss seconds and ff frames For more information see SMPTE Timecode on page 339 Format name Description Format Samples Number of samples Numbered starting with zero Time Hours minutes seconds and milliseconds hh mm ss sss Seconds Seconds and fractions of seconds sssss sss to three decimal places Time Frames Hours minutes second...

Page 87: ...eriment with each status format and make note of how each format appears Notes Selecting a new format changes the status format for the current data window only To quickly change a file s status format right click any of the data window s status display boxes and choose a new format from the shortcut menu Configuring the Measures Beats format Choosing the Measures Beats format allows you to specif...

Page 88: ... Recovering files after a crash If Sound Forge software terminates improperly you can recover all open and unsaved audio files not opened in read only mode When a file is opened it automatically creates temporary files that it uses to save any changes made to the file The original file remains unchanged until it is saved If the software terminates improperly the temporary files remain on your hard...

Page 89: ... format and type an appropriate value in the Position box 3 Click OK The cursor is placed at the specified position in the data window Previewing audio with pre roll Many audio editing operations depend upon accurate placement of the cursor in the data window The Pre roll to Cursor command allows you to preview audio data leading up to the current cursor position This command is extremely useful w...

Page 90: ...n relation to the audio file and data window The current cursor location Understanding the overview bar 1 Open the Voiceover pca file and verify that the waveform display is zoomed completely out 1 512 in this case Notice that the entire overview bar is dark gray indicating that the entire file appears in the data window 2 Place the mouse pointer over the word Wow and click A small vertical marker...

Page 91: ...ted beyond the scope of the data window 4 Double click anywhere in the overview bar The cursor position updates and centers in the data window Playing audio in the overview bar To make navigating a file from the overview bar easier you can start audio playback from the overview bar 1 Open the Voiceover pca file 2 Right click the overview bar Playback of the file begins from the cursor location 3 R...

Page 92: ... a playback rate Scrubbing on the timeline You can scrub the project by using the timeline 1 Position the cursor on the timeline hover the mouse pointer over the cursor and press Ctrl The mouse pointer changes to a speaker icon 2 Left click and drag the mouse left or right to scrub the timeline The cursor changes again to a pan scrub icon Press Ctrl over the Left click and timeline cursor drag to ...

Page 93: ... reason you can utilize two varieties of zooming time ruler zooming and level ruler zooming You can also zoom to events when using the Event tool Zooming the time ruler horizontal The current time ruler magnification ratio appears in the lower right corner of the data window above the status boxes Zoom out Zoom in Maximize width of window Zoom ratio Understanding the zoom ratio The zoom ratio dete...

Page 94: ...s from the View menu by choosing Zoom Time and choosing the desired command from the submenu Command Description In Full Increases the zoom ratio to represent each audio sample with 24 screen pixels 24 1 zoom ratio Normal Returns the file to its default zoom ratio Out Full Changes the zoom ratio to display the entire file within the data window Selection Changes the zoom ratio to maximize the disp...

Page 95: ...ecreases the zoom level to minimize the display of the file s amplitude Window Changes the level zoom to display the entire waveform amplitude in the data window Selection Maximizes the display of the selection vertically and horizontally in the data window Formatting the level ruler You can configure the level ruler to appear in decibels or percent by right clicking the ruler and choosing Label i...

Page 96: ... to its maximum magnification right click the waveform and choose Zoom In Full from the shortcut menu The maximum magnification available is 24 1 Note To reverse this function right click the waveform and choose Zoom Normal from the shortcut menu Optimizing time and level ruler scaling To optimize both the time ruler and level ruler display of a selection double click the level ruler Double clicki...

Page 97: ... 2 Toggle click the mouse until the selection box is the full width of the data window 3 Drag the Magnify tool to create a level zoom selection and release the mouse button The zoom ratio of the selection increases Selection box spans the width of the window The selection is level zoomed Zooming both time and level with the Magnify tool 1 Drag the Magnify tool on the waveform to make a small selec...

Page 98: ...stereo file choose Left Right or Both from the Channel drop down list or for a multichannel file type the appropriate channel numbers in the Channel box 5 Click OK Using the Set Selection dialog The following sections briefly describe additional controls located in the Set Selection dialog Control Description Play Clicking Play plays the current selection Play looped Selecting the Play looped chec...

Page 99: ... can try to reselect the data but it can be difficult to accurately create selection points For this reason you have a number of tools designed to help you fine tune selections If you find that the selection jumps unexpectedly as you fine tune it snapping may be turned on For more information see Understanding snapping on page 95 Adjusting a selection with the mouse You can fine tune selection sta...

Page 100: ...s These lines make creating loops from existing material easier To change the number of divisions that will be used choose Options Set Grid Divisions and then choose a setting from the submenu For example if you re trying to create a loop in 3 4 time changing the grid divisions to 3 allows you to divide a selection into three beats 94 CHAPTER 4 ...

Page 101: ...pping to grid lines Tips To change the resolution of the grid choose Status Format from the Options menu and then choose a setting from the submenu or right click the time ruler and choose a format from the shortcut menu To turn snapping to the grid on and off press Ctrl F8 Snapping to markers When snapping is enabled you can also choose to have elements in the data windows snap to markers From th...

Page 102: ... format from the shortcut menu Snap Edge to Grid This option forces the active edge of a selection to a whole time division as designated by the marks on the time ruler above the data window The active edge of a selection is defined by the blinking cursor Press Home or End to change the active edge Tips You can also press Shift T To change the resolution of the grid choose Status Format from the O...

Page 103: ...o crossing Disabling auto snapping at high magnifications When editing an audio file displayed at a high magnification you may want to turn off snapping to time or zero crossings This allows you to position a selection s start and end points exactly where you choose 1 From the Options menu choose Preferences and click the Editing tab 2 Select the Disable auto snapping below 1 4 zoom ratios check b...

Page 104: ...aying the Views toolbar 1 From the View menu choose Toolbars 2 Select the Views check box and click OK The Views toolbar appears Creating views 1 Open the Voiceover pca file and create a selection containing Wow 2 Click the Set button on the Views toolbar A view can now be created 3 Click the 1 button The selection is saved as view 1 and the 1 button is underscored to indicate that a view was crea...

Page 105: ... Time Remaining box is displayed only when CD tracks exist in the active data window Double click the Sample Rate Bit Depth Channels or Total Length box in the status bar to edit properties quickly Note You cannot modify file properties for musical instrument files Editing file properties in the File Properties window You can edit file properties in the File Properties window 1 From the View menu ...

Page 106: ...r of channels stored in the file Note Use the Channel Converter to perform advanced channel mixing Audio length Video format Video attributes Video length Video field order Video pixel aspect ratio The duration in time and samples of the audio file Displays the format used to save the video stream Displays the frame size color depth and frame rate of the video stream Displays the length in time an...

Page 107: ... second measured in hertz Hz used to record audio You can specify sample rates from 2 000 Hz to 192 000 Hz Typical sample rates are stored as presets in the Sample rate drop down list In addition you can increase or decrease the sample rate of an existing audio file 1 Open and play the Voiceover pca file This file is located in the same folder as the application 2 Right click the Sample Rate statu...

Page 108: ...ing bit depth To maximize storage space larger sound files 24 and 16 bit are frequently converted to smaller 16 and 8 bit files However representing a sound file at a decreased bit depth results in audible distortion referred to as quantization error 1 Open a 16 bit file 2 From the Process menu choose Bit Depth and then choose Bit Depth Converter from the submenu The Bit Depth Converter dialog app...

Page 109: ...nction with noise shaping For more information see Noise shaping on page 103 Gaussian Does not perform as well as Rectangular and Triangular dither but may be suitable for certain audio Noise shaping The Noise shaping value determines the aural positioning of quantization noise Using this control you can shift the noise into audio registers that are less perceptible to human hearing This lowers th...

Page 110: ... from the submenu The Graphic Dynamics dialog appears 2 Choose a preset with a small amount of compression 2 1 or less from the Preset drop down list and click OK Normalizing Normalizing a file prior to decreasing its bit depth ensures that the entire dynamic range is used In addition normalization lowers the signal to noise ratio 1 From the Process menu choose Normalize The Normalize dialog appea...

Page 111: ...data stereo files can be played by specifying the Microsoft Sound Mapper as the playback device To do this choose Preferences from the Options menu Click the Audio tab and choose Microsoft Sound Mapper from the Audio device type drop down list Specifying the audio destination The Destination radio buttons in the Mono To Stereo dialog allow you to specify where the mono audio data is placed in a st...

Page 112: ...ate pan effects To use this tool choose Channel Converter from the Process menu For more information see Channel Converter on page 179 Converting file formats The previous sections have described changing a file s sample rate bit depth and channel configuration You can also convert a file s format and compression settings To demonstrate this open the Voiceover pca file and choose Save As from the ...

Page 113: ...that have been edited in Sound Forge software with or without summary information 1 From the File menu choose Save As The Save As dialog appears 2 Select the Save metadata with file check box and click OK Note If you save to a file type that doesn t support metadata this check box is unavailable Including additional embedded information Some file formats allow non text data such as embedded bitmap...

Page 114: ...Removing additional embedded information To save a file without additional embedded information choose Save As from the File menu and clear the Save metadata with file check box 108 CHAPTER 5 ...

Page 115: ...Render format Number of channels DV MXF Always contains 4 audio channels You can use the Channels drop down list on the Audio tab of the Custom Template dialog to choose how many channels will be filled with audio For example if you choose 2 from the Channels drop down list the rendered file will contain 4 audio channels two channels will contain audio and two channels will contain silence IMX MXF...

Page 116: ...ls see Audio tab on page 322 To change a channel s output device using the Channel Meters window click the channel number and choose a new output port from the menu Opening and editing multichannel audio files If you ve used Sound Forge to edit stereo files before you already know everything you need to know to edit multichannel files You can open multichannel audio files just like any other suppo...

Page 117: ...see Audio tab on page 322 You can use these faders to adjust preview levels Important The faders in the Hardware Meters window are used to control preview volume only If you want to mix channel levels use the Volume or Envelope plug in Drag to adjust the volume of the channel Double click the center of the thumb to reset the fader to 0 0 dB If the right and left channels are set differently you ca...

Page 118: ...hortcut menu A check mark is displayed to indicate which meters are currently visible For more information about peak meters see Using the channel meters on page 44 For more information about VU PPM meters see Using the VU PPM meters on page 46 For more information about phase scopes see Using phase scopes on page 48 For more information about mono compatibility meters see Using the mono compatibi...

Page 119: ... you to add interactivity to media streamed over the Internet by inserting metadata into streaming media files As your file plays any number of other actions can be triggered including opening a Web page in a browser or displaying caption text Multiple versions of edits The Playlist and Cutlist allow you to try out different edits before committing to them You can add regions to the Playlist or Cu...

Page 120: ...ress M 3 If you want to name the marker right click the tag and choose Rename from the shortcut menu Type a name for the marker in the edit box and press Enter Marker tag Inserting markers during playback To insert markers in real time during playback press M Inserting markers during recording To insert markers during recording click the Insert Marker button in the Record dialog or press M For mor...

Page 121: ...nces dialog Changing the marker position You can change a marker s position by dragging it to a new location or by updating its position to the current cursor location You can also enter precise values to move a marker to a specific location Changing the marker position using drag and drop 1 Drag the marker tag to a new position on the data window ruler 2 Release the mouse button The marker is dro...

Page 122: ...nd will play when the corresponding Note Off message is received This is used to reduce the time between receiving a trigger and playing a marker 3 In the Chan box specify the MIDI input channel for triggering 4 In the Note box specify the MIDI note that will trigger marker playback This value can be entered as a MIDI note value such as C4 or as a MIDI note number such as 60 Notes If the Trigger f...

Page 123: ...etting from the Preset drop down list or adjust the controls as necessary a Drag the Threshold slider to determine the sound level you want to find b Set a value in the Clip Length box to specify how many sequential samples must meet the Threshold setting to constitute clipping 4 Click the OK button The selection is scanned and a marker is added whenever there are a number of sequential samples de...

Page 124: ... during playback Note To view captions during playback in Windows Media Player 9 or later choose Captions and Subtitles from the Windows Media Player Play menu and then choose On if Available from the submenu Title RealMedia Displays the entered text on the media player s title bar Note When rendering Windows Media files title information is based on the settings in the Summary window View Metadat...

Page 125: ...ee Saving command properties as a custom template on page 119 b From the Command drop down list select the type of command you wish to create or type a custom command c Enter parameters to define the behavior of the command in the Parameter box d Specify the timing of the command in the Position box This value is automatically set to the current cursor position 4 Click OK The new command marker ap...

Page 126: ... notes in the project You can also add regions to the Playlist and use regions to create new files The Regions List window contains all of the regions and markers that exist in the active data window Inserting regions You can use multiple methods of inserting regions including a menu command drag and drop operations a time ruler shortcut and a keyboard shortcut The following sections briefly descr...

Page 127: ...e ruler shortcut 1 Create another selection in the waveform display 2 Right click the time ruler and choose Insert Marker Region from the shortcut menu The region is inserted Inserting regions using the keyboard 1 Create a selection in the waveform display 2 Press R The region is inserted and numbered region markers are placed at the start and end of the selected area Inserting regions automatical...

Page 128: ...from multiple takes To create regions while recording specify Multiple takes creating Regions from the Mode drop down list in the Record dialog For more information see Multiple takes creating Regions on page 141 Tip Regions are automatically named for you while recording You cancustomize this automatic labeling feature For more information see Customizing region labeling on page 124 122 CHAPTER 7...

Page 129: ...he dialog parameters Note All regions created using the Auto Region tool are automatically added to the Regions List and Playlist Inserting regions based on musical time intervals When you select the Build regions using the current tempo check box in the Auto Region dialog Tools Auto Region regions are inserted according to the current beats per minute setting You can change a file s tempo informa...

Page 130: ... Preferences dialog appears 2 Click the Labels tab 3 In the Region labels area adjust the labeling controls as desired Control Description Label Regions Select this check box if you want Sound Forge to automatically name regions when you insert them Prefix Type a prefix in the box if you want Sound Forge to assign a name to new regions when you insert one Clear the box if you do not want to includ...

Page 131: ... Click a region s Play button in the Regions List or 1 Right click the region tag and choose Edit from the shortcut menu The Regions List appears 2 Click the region s Play button Splitting regions Splitting a region divides an existing region at the current cursor position producing two separate regions 1 In the Regions List window View Metadata Regions List select the region you want to split 2 P...

Page 132: ...rom triggers specified in the MIDI Triggers dialog and the Playlist When using triggers in the Playlist Regions List or MIDI Triggers dialog be aware that they can interact to create unexpected results Sound Forge software first looks at the MIDI Triggers then the Regions List and then the Playlist when determining what to do when a MIDI command is detected If you only want to use the triggers in ...

Page 133: ...rting with the number specified in the Start file counter index box For example if you have 4 regions selected for extraction and your prefix is set to PREFIX the names used will be PREFI000 wav PREFI001 wav PREFI002 wav PREFI003 wav 8 Click Extract Using the Regions List The Regions List contains information pertaining to all regions in the current data window The Regions List information can be ...

Page 134: ...egion order By default the Regions List displays regions in alphabetical order by name but you can specify an alternate order by clicking the column heading to sort in ascending or descending order 128 CHAPTER 7 ...

Page 135: ... the Regions List and choose Open from the shortcut menu 2 Use the Open Regions Playlist dialog to locate an existing file 3 Specify the type of regions you want to import from the Files of type drop down list Choose Playlist File sfl to import a Sound Forge regions Playlist file Choose Session 8 File prm to import a file that supports both Session 8 and Sound Forge regions Choose Windows Media Sc...

Page 136: ...r Voiceover pca appears Notice that the file contains regions but the Playlist is empty You must add regions to the Playlist before arranging them Understanding the Playlist display When you add a region to the Playlist its appearance is similar to its appearance in the Regions List with the exception of the Count Cnt column Located to the left of the Name column the Count Cnt column displays the ...

Page 137: ...laylist You can delete regions from the Playlist without affecting the audio file 1 Select the region that you would like to delete 2 From the Edit menu choose Playlist Cutlist and then choose Delete from the submenu or right click the Playlist window and choose Delete from the shortcut menu Editing a Playlist Cutlist region You can edit a Playlist Cutlist region by typing new values in the Cnt Tr...

Page 138: ...rl 8 not on the numeric keypad The corresponding check mark is cleared from the shortcut menu and the stop point indicated by a red circle is removed from the Playlist Playing from the Playlist The Playlist displays the sequential order in which regions play To play a region click the corresponding Play button Playback begins with the selected region and continues through the end of the Playlist p...

Page 139: ... from the remaining region From the Edit menu choose Playlist Cutlist and choose Convert to New from the submenu or right click the Cutlist and choose Convert to New from the shortcut menu Deleting all Cutlist regions 1 Select a region in the Playlist Cutlist window If the window is not visible press Ctrl Alt M 1 2 From the Edit menu choose Playlist Cutlist and then choose Delete from the submenu ...

Page 140: ...laylist File sfl to import a Sound Forge Regions List Playlist file Choose Session 8 File prm to import a file that supports both Session 8 and Sound Forge regions Choose Windows Media Script File txt to import a file that includes Windows Media script commands Choose Wave File wav to import markers and regions from another sound file 4 Click Open Copying the Playlist Cutlist to the clipboard Edit...

Page 141: ... also allows you to record multichannel audio if your audio device supports multiple inputs Specifying recording and playback options Basic audio preferences From the Options menu choose Preferences and select the Audio tab to specify recording and playback options For more information see Basic audio preferences on page 322 Advanced audio preferences The Advanced Audio Configuration dialog allows...

Page 142: ...g audio sources refer to your sound card s user documentation 2 Enable your recording inputs a From the Options menu choose Preferences and click the Audio tab b Choose your recording device from the Audio device type drop down list c Click the Record tab d Select the Enable check box for each input you want to enable for recording and then select a radio button to assign the input to an audio cha...

Page 143: ...ent cursor position use one of the following methods Type a new cursor position in the Start field If you chose the Punch In recording option in the Mode drop down list you can also type values in the End or Length fields to define your recording period Click the Go To button and change the cursor position Click OK to return to the Record dialog For more information see Setting the cursor position...

Page 144: ...he Record dialog appears 2 From the Method drop down list choose Automatic Time 3 Choose the destination data window for your recording By default the software records into the active data window If this is not where you want to record use one of the following methods to prepare for recording If Then You want to record into a different data window Click the Window button and choose a data window f...

Page 145: ...u want to record into a Click the Window button and choose a data window from the Record destination different data window window drop down list Click OK to return to the Record dialog You want to record into a new Click the New button in the Record dialog and specify the attributes sample rate bit window depth and channels for the new file Click OK to return to the Record dialog Note The maximum ...

Page 146: ...cord use one of the following methods to prepare for recording If Then You want to record into a Click the Window button and choose a data window from the Record destination different data window window drop down list Click OK to return to the Record dialog You want to record into a new Click the New button in the Record dialog and specify the attributes sample rate bit window depth and channels f...

Page 147: ...h take is similar to Multiple takes creating Regions but creates a new data window for each take This is useful when recording audio data in which you will save each take as an individual file Punch In record a specific length Punch In mode is used to record over a specific selection in an existing data window Specifying Punch In activates the Start End and Length boxes Recording begins at the pos...

Page 148: ...corded take when you review your takes Reviewing with pre and post roll helps you review your takes in context 1 Select the Review pre post roll check box in the Record dialog The two corresponding boxes become active 2 Enter appropriate pre roll and post roll values in the respective boxes Note In Automatic retake mode the post roll control is unavailable 3 Click the Play button The punch in segm...

Page 149: ...s Alt T to reset clip indicators or held peaks or valleys Right click the meters and choose a setting from the shortcut menu to change the meters scale If you are going to decrease the bit depth of your sound file after recording it is particularly important that you record with the loudest possible levels High recording levels ensure that you will use the maximum possible dynamic range in the con...

Page 150: ...alog 3 From the Action drop down list choose the method you want to use for extracting the CD audio Method Description Read by track Use this option to select the tracks you want to extract from the CD Each track is extracted into a unique data window Read entire disc Use this option to automatically extract all tracks on the disc The entire CD is extracted into a single data window Read by range ...

Page 151: ...rease the speed or click Configure and adjust the Audio extract optimization setting Note To eject the CD at any time prior to beginning the extraction process click the Eject button 10 Click OK The data extraction from the CD begins and a progress meter is displayed Previewing CD tracks In the Extract Audio from CD dialog select a track and click the Play button to preview a track prior to extrac...

Page 152: ...146 CHAPTER 8 ...

Page 153: ...llows you to replace the current selection with the contents of the clipboard and has two basic guidelines If Then The selection is longer than the clipboard contents Data is overwritten from the beginning of the selection for the length of the clipboard contents only The selection is shorter than or equal to the clipboard Data is overwritten for the length of the selection only contents Overwriti...

Page 154: ...the clipboard contents or only complete copies Using partial copies of the clipboard content completely overwrites the selected data window area Using complete copies of the clipboard content prevents a portion of the data window selection from being overwritten unless the selection length is an exact multiple of the length of the clipboard contents Note The Replicate command will paste as many co...

Page 155: ...ame effect process or function to a different section of audio using the same parameters Note In the Edit menu the Repeat command is displayed in conjunction with the name of the previous function You can also repeat an operation by doing any of the following actions Hold Shift while choosing the command from its menu Press Ctrl Y Click the Repeat button on the Standard toolbar Inserting silence T...

Page 156: ...s mixed into the left or right channel exclusively Snapping to points in drag and drop operations A major advantage of drag and drop editing is the ability to snap to markers regions time increments or other points in the destination window All drag and drop operations can be configured to snap or align to points established within the destination file The following table describes all points that...

Page 157: ...inter Tip When dragging a selection to paste sound data drag up or down before moving the mouse left or right Dragging left or right before moving the mouse vertically adjusts the selection length 4 Use the mouse to position the line in the destination window where the source data will be pasted Drag the selection to the destination window Selection is pasted into the destination window Drag and d...

Page 158: ... levels are set to 0 dB and click OK Selection is mixed into the destination window Creating CD tracks You can create CD tracks by dragging selections or files from the Explorer window to a data window For more information see Adding files to a data window and creating tracks on page 294 Toggling the Mix Paste and CD Track functions An alternate way of specifying a mix paste or CD track is the mou...

Page 159: ...d replace In addition you can repair audio glitches manually using the Pencil tool Locating glitches The Find tool allows you to quickly locate glitches specific volume levels or silence in a file The Find tool s glitch algorithm locates glitches by examining the file for instances where the waveform matches the specified threshold slope and sensitivity criteria The cursor then moves to the locati...

Page 160: ...imilar audio 1 Open the file containing the glitch 2 Create a selection in the channel containing the glitch three or four times longer maximum 50 ms than the glitch itself 3 From the Tools menu choose Repair and choose Copy Other Channel from the submenu The selected data is replaced with the corresponding data from the good channel In addition rapid crossfades are created at the beginning and en...

Page 161: ...eding the damaged data In addition rapid crossfades are created at the beginning and end of the replacement selection to prevent a new glitch from being created Replacement data Selection data Repairing audio glitches manually with the Pencil tool The Pencil tool is for users who prefer to repair their audio glitches manually This tool allows you to repair waveform glitches by redrawing the damage...

Page 162: ...ated in the Dial string edit box including pause characters Note Unknown characters are ignored 3 Use the Amplitude fader to set the peak level of the waveform 4 Select the Tone style to generate radio button corresponding to the tone to be generated DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency signals are used by standard push button telephones and are generated using combinations of 679 770 852 941 1209 1336 ...

Page 163: ...o configure the arrangement and number of operators used to generate the waveform For more information see Specifying the number and arrangement of operators on page 157 4 Modify individual operators as needed For more information see Modifying an operator on page 158 5 From the Insert waveform at drop down list choose a position to determine where the generated waveform is placed in the file 6 Cl...

Page 164: ...dulator this control along with the envelope determines the amount of frequency modulation applied to the carrier If the amplitude of a modulator is high harsh audio may result Generating simple waveforms The Simple Synthesis tool is used to generate simple waveforms of a given shape pitch and length 1 From the Insert menu choose Synthesis and choose Simple from the submenu The Simple Synthesis di...

Page 165: ...7 From the Insert new waveform at drop down list choose a position to determine where the waveform is placed in the data window 8 Click OK EDITING REPAIRING AND SYNTHESIZING AUDIO 159 ...

Page 166: ...160 CHAPTER 9 ...

Page 167: ...diting events on page 162 Splitting existing events For more information see Splitting events on page 164 Dragging selections and events from other files or dragging files from the Explorer window to an existing data window For more information see Using drag and drop operations on page 150 Processing selections For more information see Applying an effect on page 195 The following steps demonstrat...

Page 168: ...nt channels as you move events Crossfaded events before channel split Split Split The channels in both events are split when the first event is moved to channels 2 and 3 because overlapping events must lie on the same channels For more information on dragging channel boundaries see Dragging channel boundaries on page 164 You can also Ctrl drag events to other data windows or to the workspace to cr...

Page 169: ...gth of the pasted audio If no channels are selected the clipboard events are pasted to all channels Mixing events You can mix files events and selections when using the Event tool by dragging and dropping audio from the current data window other data windows the Sound Forge Explorer window or Windows Explorer Mixed audio is inserted as a new events over the existing events in a data window Crossfa...

Page 170: ...ents are selected events across all channels are split at the cursor position Slipping events Press Alt while dragging an event The slip cursor appears As you drag the event the contents of the event shift but the event does not move You can use this technique when you want to maintain an event s length and position but have the event play a different section of the source audio file Tip Hold the ...

Page 171: ...ssfade Drag one event to overlap the other When Automatic Crossfades is turned off overlapping events punch in and out with no fades Manually setting a crossfade An automatic crossfade is not inserted if a shorter event is placed within the same time frame of a longer event In this case the longer event begins playing then the shorter event plays punch in and then the longer event resumes playing ...

Page 172: ...dded that are used to set the envelope As you drag these handles on events a volume envelope appears indicating how the event is being affected Envelope handles Event envelope Setting an event s volume When you place the mouse pointer at the top of an event the pointer changes to a hand cursor that you can use to lower the event s overall volume 1 Place the mouse pointer at the top of the event 2 ...

Page 173: ...out region and choose Fade Type from the shortcut menu Right click to select the fade curve type Fast Linear Slow Smooth Sharp Applying processes and effects to events When using the Event tool processes and effects are applied to each event individually The processed result is only the length and number of channels in the event at the time of processing not the entire length and number of channel...

Page 174: ...ent selection to the next or previous event in the data window Selecting events using keyboard shortcuts You can use the following keyboard shortcuts to select events while using the Event tool Command Keyboard shortcut Select the next event Shift Right Arrow Select the previous event Shift Left Arrow Extend the selection to the next event Shift Ctrl Right Arrow Extend the selection to the previou...

Page 175: ...nt is zoomed to fit the width of the data window Snapping to events When snapping is enabled and you re using the Event tool you can choose to have events snap to other events in the data window From the Options menu choose Snapping and then choose Events from the submenu to toggle snapping to event edges Snap point indicator For more information about snapping see Understanding snapping on page 9...

Page 176: ...170 CHAPTER 10 ...

Page 177: ...phic Fade dialog is displayed 3 From the Preset drop down list choose the 20 dB exponential fade out preset Notice that the dialog s controls change to reflect the 20 dB exponential fade out 4 Click the Preview button The following actions occur The Preview button changes to a Stop button The effect previews on a brief selection of audio For more information see Previewing processed audio on page ...

Page 178: ... preset 4 Drag any of the graphic fade points to a new position 5 Click the Save Preset button The Save Preset dialog appears 6 Enter a name for the preset and click OK The new preset is saved and added to the dialog s drop down list Deleting presets To delete a preset choose it from the Preset drop down list and click the Delete Preset button Note Built in presets cannot be deleted Resetting para...

Page 179: ...can customize the preview parameters to satisfy your editing preferences You can save custom previewing settings for the current process alone or for all processes 1 From the Options menu choose Preferences The Preferences dialog is displayed 2 Click the Previews tab 3 Edit the preview parameters as desired For more information see Previews tab on page 319 4 Click OK The new preview parameters are...

Page 180: ...our input in this box Note When working with the Event tool the End box is not available Length Determines the length of your selection in the data window Click the Lock Length button to lock or unlock the current selection length When the selection length is locked Sound Forge will adjust the values in the Start or End boxes to retain the specified selection length Note When working with the Even...

Page 181: ...e silence between phrases creates regions Removes silence within the selection and creates regions from individual phrases For more information see Minimum inter phrase silence on page 176 Remove data beyond loop points Removes all data beyond the selected loop For more information see Minimum length following loop end on page 176 Remove data from start and limit file length Allows you to specify ...

Page 182: ...s subsequent audio processing to be performed with greater accuracy and resolution Prior to decreasing a file s bit depth you should optimize the audio for conversion For more information see Minimizing quantization error on page 103 Note There are no rules regarding maintaining audio quality when decreasing bit depth For this reason you should always experiment with the Dither and Noise shaping c...

Page 183: ...he best option when used in conjunction with noise shaping Gaussian Does not perform as well as Rectangular and Triangular dither but may be suitable for certain audio Noise shaping Determines the aural positioning of quantization noise Using this control you can shift the noise into audio registers that are less perceptible to human hearing This lowers the perceived noise floor and creates the il...

Page 184: ...ll be applied to mask quantization noise Type 1 Uses a traditional rectangular probability distribution function Type 2 Uses a traditional rectangular probability distribution function MBIT Uses a proprietary algorithm to offer superior results for all types of source material Noise shaping Choose a setting from the drop down list to control the amount of noise shaping that will be applied When Ty...

Page 185: ...es of audible frequencies 3 Click OK Channel Converter The Channel Converter is used to change the number of channels in an audio file The Channel Converter dialog can also be used to reverse the channels of a stereo file or intermix the channels of a multichannel file to create interesting panning effects Tip To perform quick channel conversion without specifying the mix use the Audio channels bo...

Page 186: ...e fader to adjust the amount of the original left channel that will be mixed to the new mono file c Click in the Source 2 box and type a gain value or drag the fader to adjust the amount of the original right channel that will be mixed to the new mono file d Select the Invert Mix check box if you want to reverse the phase of the new left channel mix 4 Click the OK button Intermixing channels in a ...

Page 187: ...djust your data window selection For more information see Adjusting the data window selection on page 174 DC Offset Audio that is not centered around the zero baseline in the waveform display is said to have a DC offset DC offsets are typically caused by electrical conflicts between the sound card and input device The DC Offset function located on the Process menu is used to change the baseline of...

Page 188: ...ess menu Graphic Paragraphic and Parametric Each of these options launch the appropriate XFX effect For more information on using the XFX EQ effects click the Help button in the process dialog Fade Graphic Fade Graphic fade allows you to create custom fade envelopes to apply to audio data You can use up to 16 envelope points to create complex graphic fades Creating a graphic fade 1 Open the Musicb...

Page 189: ...point to move it to a new position Double click or right click a point to delete it Right click an envelope segment and choose a new fade type from the shortcut menu For more information see Envelope graphs on page 49 6 Click OK The custom graphic fade is applied to the selected audio Graphic Fade controls The following controls are located in the Graphic Fade dialog Control Description Maximum Ga...

Page 190: ...f The size of the selection determines the length of the fade 1 Open the Musicbed pca file and select all audio data 2 From the Process menu choose Fade and choose Out from the submenu The fade is applied and the volume decreases over the length of the entire file Invert Flip The Invert Flip command inverts the audio selection at its baseline in effect reversing its polarity Inverting a file while...

Page 191: ... Mute command forces the selection to a volume of Inf dB silence Muting an audio selection 1 Create a selection in the data window 2 From the Process menu choose Mute The selection is muted PROCESSING AUDIO 185 ...

Page 192: ...MS to 16 dB music and click OK The file is normalized and its overall loudness is increased Normalize controls The following controls are located in the Normalize dialog Control Description Normalize using Peak This radio button normalizes the audio file using the maximum instantaneous sample values detected A level constant gain is then applied to the audio Normalize using Average This radio butt...

Page 193: ...w different Normalize to settings without re scanning the entire file Current Peak and RMS levels An asterisk adjacent to a level value indicates that the value is not current This occurs when the selection is updated or the dialog is initially opened To update values click Scan Levels Noncurrent Peak and RMS levels If values have never been calculated two dashes display Click Scan Levels to calcu...

Page 194: ...and a left to right pan is added 5 Play the file The audio source seems to move from the left channel to the right channel during playback Note A pan by nature cannot be created in a mono file Creating a custom pan You can create complex custom panning effects using up to 16 envelope points 1 Open the Musicbed pca file 2 From the Process menu choose Pan Expand The Pan Expand dialog is displayed 3 ...

Page 195: ...e channel on the right The MS mix function is then used to set the width of the stereo image for the converted track Output gain Determines the amount of gain applied to the signal following pan expand processing Show wave The Show wave drop down list provides several settings for drawing the current selection s waveform on the envelope graph This function is available only for small selections Re...

Page 196: ...t 48 000 Hz that is indistinguishable from the quality at 8 000 Hz Resample controls The following controls are located in the Resample dialog Control Description New sample rate Determines the sample rate in Hz at which the file is resampled Tip Processing is quicker when downsampling by an even multiple such as when going from 44 kHz to 22 kHz Interpolation accuracy Apply an anti alias filter du...

Page 197: ...eck box is cleared you can adjust the plug in s controls manually Steepness The plug in uses a low pass filter to discard frequencies that cannot be represented or are undesirable in your audio output This setting establishes the steepness of the transition band of the low pass filter Higher settings will reject unwanted frequencies but can cause more ringing in the time domain and a higher CPU lo...

Page 198: ...ove the beginning of a loop to the end or the end of a loop to the beginning by rotating audio For more information see Rotating audio on page 270 Smooth Enhance To start the XFX Smooth Enhance plug in choose Smooth Enhance from the Process menu For more information on using the XFX Smooth Enhance plug in click the Help button in the Smooth Enhance dialog or refer to the Sound Forge online help fr...

Page 199: ...se caution when using the Volume command Unlike Normalize Volume performs no pre processing scans and offers no options for clipping audio data Create a selection Audio following volume increase Note When audio data is clipped it cannot be restored by performing a second Volume operation The initial Volume operation must be undone Volume control The Volume dialog contains only one control Gain The...

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Page 201: ...is processed Most functions can be applied to an individual channel or all channels However because the channels in a multichannel file must be equal in length functions that affect the length of the data cannot be performed on individual channels These functions include Insert Silence Resample Time Stretch Gapper Snipper Pitch Bend and Pitch Shift without preserving duration If you want to apply ...

Page 202: ...ieve the effect you want 2 Click the Save Preset button The Save Preset dialog is displayed 3 Enter a new preset name and click OK The new preset is added to the Preset drop down list Using the Plug In Chainer The Plug In Chainer allows you to create a chain of 32 DirectX and VST plug ins You can preview each plug in in the chain simultaneously in real time as long as your computer has adequate pr...

Page 203: ...the data window to preview the effects chain Use the Play Normal button to bypass the effects 6 If the effect changes the duration of a sound for example Reverb or Simple Delay choose how the audio tail created by the effect should be processed For more information see Selecting the processing mode for audio tail data on page 199 Note The Insert Tail Data and Mix Tail Data commands may not functio...

Page 204: ...ect to a new location in the chain Drag a plug in in the Plug In Chainer to a new location in the chain Tip You can also change the plug in order by right clicking a plug in in the chain and choosing either Move Left or Move Right from the shortcut menu Arranging plug in order in the Plug In Chooser You can drag an effect to a new location in the chain in the Plug In Chooser in the same way you ca...

Page 205: ... of the echo or reverb created by the effect that lasts beyond the end of the selection When you select a portion of a file and apply the effect using the Plug In Chainer you can select one of three buttons to determine how the audio tail is processed If Then You want to ignore the tail Select the Ignore Tail Data button The effect ends abruptly at the end of the selection You want to mix the tail...

Page 206: ...are not saved with presets If you are using effect automation envelopes and save a preset during playback the effect s settings at the playback cursor position are saved Saving a preset for an individual Direct X plug in 1 Adjust the effect parameters in the Plug In Chainer window to achieve the effect you want 2 Type a name for the new preset in the Preset box 3 Click the Save Preset button The n...

Page 207: ...n the preset are loaded Loading an individual VST plug in preset 1 Click the Open VST Preset button The Open VST Preset dialog is displayed 2 Browse to the fxp file that you want to use 3 Click the Open button The current VST preset is replaced with the settings stored in the fxp file Loading a bank of VST plug in presets 1 Click the Open VST Bank button The Open VST Bank dialog is displayed 2 Bro...

Page 208: ...data is selected processing will be applied to the entire file Note When you re working with multichannel files only the selected region in the selected channel is processed Most functions can be applied to individual or all channels However since all channels in a multichannel file must be equal in length functions that affect the length of the data cannot be performed on individual channels Thes...

Page 209: ...SER Software Sony Creative Software Sound Forge Pro 10 0 DXCache key in the Windows Registry Organizing effects in the FX Favorites menu The FX Favorites menu provides easy access to the plug ins you use most frequently You can add and remove plug ins and folders to organize the menu however you like You can also automatically add all plug ins on your system to the menu For more information see Au...

Page 210: ...effect chains you can use the Sound Forge Preset Manager to back up transfer or delete custom presets from any of the effects processes tools and plug ins installed in the software The Preset Manager also functions as a standalone application meaning that you can use the Preset Manager outside of Sound Forge software to manage ACID and Vegas presets as well Note If you purchased the boxed version ...

Page 211: ...ght side of the Plug In Chainer window when you add a plug in that supports automation Click the Show Parameter Chooser button or press Ctrl H to show or hide the chooser 2 Select the Automate check box for each parameter you want to control with an envelope An envelope is added to the data window for each selected check box Adding a volume or panning envelope Panning envelopes will have no effect...

Page 212: ...mal button in the playbar to hear the unprocessed sound Applying effects automation To apply effect automation to a data window click the Process Selection button in the Plug In Chainer window Showing or hiding effect automation envelopes 1 In the Plug In Chainer select the button for an effect that includes automatable parameters The plug in s controls are displayed and a list of the effect s aut...

Page 213: ...ithout changing its value With the Envelope tool you can drag horizontally to select multiple envelope points in the selected data window Adding envelope points To create more complex envelopes you will need to add points To add an envelope point double click the envelope You can then drag and position the point as necessary To delete a point right click it and choose Delete from the shortcut menu...

Page 214: ...From the Edit menu choose Paste Copying an envelope to another data window 1 Select the Envelope tool 2 Click within a data window to select it 3 From the Edit menu choose Select All 4 From the Edit menu choose Copy 5 Click within a data window to select it Tip You can paste envelope points to a different envelope type by selecting the envelope where you want to paste 6 Click Go to Start if you wa...

Page 215: ...time For information about using the Chorus effect click the Help button in the Sony Chorus dialog or refer to the Sound Forge online help from the Help menu choose Contents and Index Delay Echo From the Effects menu choose Delay Echo and then choose a command from the submenu to apply an echo effect to a selection For information about using the Multi Tap Delay and Simple Delay effects click the ...

Page 216: ...ick it and choose Delete from the shortcut menu To change the fade curve between two points right click an envelope segment and choose a command from the shortcut menu Fade Type Fade In Out Envelope Linear Fade Fast Fade Slow Fade Smooth Fade Sharp Fade Hold To move all envelope points press Ctrl A and drag when the envelope has focus The cursor will be displayed as a hand Note You can create up t...

Page 217: ...the Help button in the Sony Gapper Snipper dialog or refer to the Sound Forge online help from the Help menu choose Contents and Index Noise Gate From the Effects menu choose Noise Gate to remove signals below a specified threshold This effect is used to remove noise from silent breaks in a sound file For information about using the Noise Gate effect click the Help button in the Sony Noise Gate di...

Page 218: ... semitones 5 Click the OK button Displaying the waveform Choose a command from the Show wave drop down list if you want to display the waveform in the envelope graph If you re working with a multichannel file you can choose to view individual channels or the mixed waveform Note The waveform is unavailable when the selection is greater than 300 000 samples Shift The Shift effect allows you to chang...

Page 219: ...rge online help from the Help menu choose Contents and Index Vibrato From the Effects menu choose Vibrato to apply periodic pitch modulation to a selection For information about using the Vibrato effect click the Help button in the Sony Vibrato dialog or refer to the Sound Forge online help from the Help menu choose Contents and Index Wave Hammer Use Wave Hammer to boost the level of an audio sign...

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Page 221: ...y the Saxriff pca file Note This file is located in the same folder as the application 2 From the Effects menu choose Acoustic Mirror The Acoustic Mirror dialog is displayed Note You must have an active file in the Sound Forge workspace to start the Acoustic Mirror tool 3 Click the Browse button located next to the Impulse field and locate the Acoustic Mirror Impulse Files folder on the Sound Forg...

Page 222: ...wing the dry output A negative value results in the processed output preceding the dry signal or a pre delay Pan left to right The Pan slider controls the balance between the left and right channels in stereo files The default value is 0 and indicates a typical center position Dry Out The Dry Out fader controls the amount of unprocessed signal mixed into the output Wet Out Apply envelope and limit...

Page 223: ...and the vertical axis represents peak amplitude in dB Specifying an impulse file from the Impulse drop down list automatically displays its envelope in the graph Note If the impulse file is greater than 6 seconds in length it does not display in the envelope graph Envelope points Envelope points are used in the envelope graph to specify a fade curve The fade amount can vary from 0 to 100 You can c...

Page 224: ...The Recorded file box allows you to select the file containing the test tone recorded in the field You can enter the path directly into the box or click Browse to locate and select a file The Test file used box allows you to select the file that was used as a test tone You can enter the path directly into the box or click Browse to locate and select a file Note You should use one of the testfilesi...

Page 225: ...hey should be auto detected Timing spikes are used to correct for clock or tape speed mismatches If you have not trimmed the recorded file so that the timing spikes are at the very beginning and end select this option for the best results With this option you need only ensure that the first spike occurs within one second of the start of the file and that the second spike exists in the file To impr...

Page 226: ...cover an impulse from an electronic device you need the following equipment A playback device that connects to the device s inputs A recording device that connects to the device s outputs Recording the impulse in an acoustic space When you have assembled the required equipment you are ready to begin recording the impulse The following sections describe the typical impulse recording procedure Trans...

Page 227: ...ate cables connect the playback system s outputs to the electronic device s inputs and the electronic device s outputs to the recording system s inputs Once the devices are connected play the test tone through the electronic device and record its output on the recording system Other impulses Any number of methods can be used to create an impulse including starter pistols clap boards or even a shar...

Page 228: ...n see Trimming the impulse file on page 222 Trimming the impulse file After the impulse file is recovered it may still require minor trimming In general you should try to make the impulse response as short as possible to increase processing speed when using the Acoustic Mirror tool Impulse files greater than 131 071 samples about 3 seconds in length require substantial processing time When possibl...

Page 229: ...ue is possible because the tail of processed audio is automatically mixed with the adjacent unprocessed audio Adding realistic stereo to mono recordings You can give mono recordings realistic stereo characteristics by selecting the Convert mono to stereo check box in the General tab of the Acoustic Mirror dialog when applying the specified impulse file The stereo image produced using this method i...

Page 230: ...ulse Files HRTF Impulses folder on the Sound Forge application disc contains a collection of impulse files that contain directional cues To achieve optimal results using these impulse files the original file should be mono and playback should be monitored using headphones To begin convert the mono file to stereo by replicating the mono signal in each channel After the audio is converted to stereo ...

Page 231: ...the Test file used box is the exact test tone used to make to field recording and that neither its length or data has been changed 4 If the impulse still does not recover properly in Auto detect timing spikes mode normalize the spikes in the recorded test tone file This should aid the auto detect algorithm in detecting the timing spikes and recovering the impulse Recovered impulse is too noisy To ...

Page 232: ...test tone file Either the test tone file was not found or is not a valid test tone file Always use a test tone file provided on the Sound Forge application disc The selected Recorded file is much smaller than the test tone size This may indicate that the test tone or the recorded file specified in the Recover tab is not correct Verify that the length of the recorded file roughly the same size as t...

Page 233: ...ses For example applying heavy compression at a low threshold to electric guitar produces distortion The controls are explained below Control Description Threshold The Threshold fader is used to adjust the audio level at which compression is applied Audio with levels higher than the Threshold value are compressed while audio at levels lower than this value pass through the compressor uninterrupted...

Page 234: ...lt rapid transient peaks may not be processed when compressing in RMS mode When you select the Auto gain compensate check box the compressor output is boosted by a constant amount derived from the Threshold and Ratio settings This option prevents a loss in overall level when compressing audio Tip When using the Auto gain compensate option the Output gain fader should be used to fine tune the signa...

Page 235: ...low the threshold the audio signal attenuation is interrupted Use longer look ahead When you select the Use longer look ahead check box the volume maximizer scans farther ahead in the incoming audio to determine the amount of limiting that is needed This results in limiting being applied before the threshold surpassing audio actually occurs However the pre limiting effect fades that occur prior to...

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Page 237: ...cripts that have been compiled as DLLs Scripting references Sample scripts You can find the most recent scripting API application programming interface and sample scripts on our Web site at http www sonycreativesoftware com download devkits Additional scripting information For additional information about scripting we encourage you to check out the Sound Forge scripting forum on our Web site at ht...

Page 238: ...the current script Splitter panel Allows you to adjust the size of the output area window by dragging it up or down The Script Editor toolbar is displayed by default when you open the Script Editor window Open Opens the Open Script dialog New Script Template Opens a basic C JScript or VBScript template needed to write a script Save Saves the current script Run Script Runs the current script Save A...

Page 239: ...a ScriptOutput folder on your D drive dir d ScriptOutput If your script can create a log file to record the results of a scripting operation you could append that argument as follows dir d ScriptOutput logFileName myLog txt In this example the ampersand separates the two arguments The first argument sets the save folder and the second argument sets the file name for the log file For more informati...

Page 240: ...default value to be returned if the function cannot find the key name The second argument also determines which overloaded function the script will use and how the value will be formatted For example consider a script that accepts three input parameters The syntax for the arguments is as follows in C Test input dls out C Test output dls repeat 2 The script to handle the parameters would look as fo...

Page 241: ...e very difficult as the scripts that are included with Sound Forge software are fully commented to help you find and edit the parameters you need 1 From the View menu choose Script Editor to display the Script Editor window if it isn t already displayed 2 Click the Open button in the Script Editor window choose the script you want to edit and then click Open The script data is displayed in the top...

Page 242: ...ripts from the Script Menu folder are listed in the Available tools column If you want to Then Add a script to the toolbar Select a script in the Available tools column and click the Add button Note The script will appear before the currently selected button Remove a script from the toolbar Select a script in the Current tools column and click the Remove button Rearrange the buttons Select a scrip...

Page 243: ... Script Menu folder can typically be found in the following location C Program Files Sony Sound Forge Pro 10 0 Script Menu 3 Customize the toolbar as needed The custom icons will display on the Scripting toolbar the next time you start the application Running a script You can run scripts using a single click if you have customized the Scripting toolbar to include buttons for scripts that you have ...

Page 244: ...ragging Drag files from the Windows Explorer to the Files to convert tab 4 Select the Process tab and verify the processing settings For more information see Creating or editing a batch job on page 239 Tip When you convert files to a compressed format such as MP3 peaks that are at or near 0 dB may be clipped by the compression process You may want to consider normalizing first to reduce the possib...

Page 245: ...cess tab to choose the processing settings that you want to apply Tip When you convert files to a compressed format such as MP3 peaks that are at or near 0 dB may be clipped by the compression process You may want to consider normalizing first to reduce the possibility of clipped peaks Normalizing to a peak level of 0 9 dB is a good starting point a Choose a plug in from the Select drop down list ...

Page 246: ...plate box You can click Change to choose a new template For any output format choose Default Template to preserve the source file s format sample rate bit depth and number of channels in the output file c In the File Names section select a radio button to indicate the format that you want to use for processed files Button Description Same as source Select this radio button if you want to save conv...

Page 247: ...tions Due to the limited bandwidth of the MIDI protocol and the large amount of data required by digital samples a MIDI SDS transfer can be time consuming Furthermore SDS is limited to mono samples though certain samplers allow two mono samples to be joined as a stereo sample SCSI MIDI Device Interface SMDI The SCSI MIDI Device Interface SMDI allows music hardware and software to communicate using...

Page 248: ...eating a sampler configuration on page 242 4 Begin the process of sending or receiving samples For more information see Sending and receiving samples on page 244 Creating a sampler configuration The Sampler Configuration dialog allows you to create new sample configurations that can be saved as presets and accessed from the Sampler dialog Creating new custom configurations requires you to specify ...

Page 249: ...transfer before sending the sample even after you click Send Sample Typically pressing the appropriate button on the sampler satisfies this request Clearing the Wait for request check box configures the Sampler Tool to send the sample as soon as you click Send Sample Open loop versus closed loop Open loop describes a unidirectional communication protocol When the Open loop check box is selected th...

Page 250: ...ick Send Sample Sample transfer starts A meter in the status bar indicates the progress of the transfer You can cancel a transfer at any time by clicking Cancel or pressing Esc Receiving a sample 1 From the Tools menu choose Sampler The Sampler dialog appears 2 From the Configuration drop down list choose the sampler configuration 3 Enter the sample number to be received in the Logical send receiv...

Page 251: ...nt Note Range The left pane lists the banks instruments note ranges and recorded samples in the instrument file Click a bank or sample to select it in the waveform display Markers represent each sample in the waveform display Opening musical instrument files You can open musical instrument files just like any other file type Drag a musical instrument file to the workspace From the File menu choose...

Page 252: ...mples from the cursor position to the end of the data window If you have samples selected click Play All to play all selected samples in the data window Click Play to play all selected samples from the cursor position to the end of the data window Selecting samples Each sample in an instrument file is contained within an event in the data window The data window selection determines which parts of ...

Page 253: ...f an instrument s samples by clicking the instrument in the left pane You can select all samples within a note range by clicking the note range in the left pane You can select individual samples by expanding a note range or the Sample Pool list and clicking a sample in the left pane SAMPLING 247 ...

Page 254: ... as when using the Batch Converter all events will be processed Editing samples In addition to applying processing and effects you can also edit the samples in an instrument file For example if you need to remove a glitch or replace a sample in an instrument file you can open an individual sample in a new editing window 1 Select the sample you want to edit 2 From the Edit menu choose Event and the...

Page 255: ...nel 1 Click the MIDI Out button and choose an output device from the menu 2 Choose Send Program Changes from the menu if the keyboard will be used to choose instrument voices A check mark appears adjacent to the command to indicate that this option is turned on 3 Configure the MIDI input channel of the selected device to correspond to the keyboard s output channel Note Most MIDI devices are config...

Page 256: ...hoose the new voice and click any key Note Patch names are arranged as specified in the General MIDI Standard For synthesizers not using the General MIDI convention use the patch number instead of the instrument name Generating chords You can also generate chords instead of single notes by choosing a chord structure from the keyboard s Note Chord drop down list Chords are generated using the speci...

Page 257: ...osed loop transfers are not any of the following items may be the cause The sampler does not support closed loop transfers handshaking One or more of the MIDI cables or connections is faulty The MIDI card is not receiving MIDI input send or sending MIDI output receive Interrupt conflicts are common for MIDI input Setting up SCSI SMDI hardware To use the SCSI SMDI protocol with an external sampler ...

Page 258: ...erly shielded may not operate reliably In addition do not use cables that are not certified SCSI cables Adaptec 1540 1542CF does not recognize a sampler If the Adaptec 1540 1542CF does not recognize the sampler a change may be required in the configuration of the Adaptec controller Some samplers do not operate when the Reset SCSI Bus at Power On option of the Adaptec controller is turned on This i...

Page 259: ...udio playback For more information see Using the MIDI keyboard on page 249 Simple playback When you click the Play button in the transport bar or playbar the audio file in the active data window plays and you hear the audio MIDI is not involved Triggered playback When the MIDI keyboard triggers playback of the same file the following items occurs The MIDI Keyboard transmits MIDI commands to the MI...

Page 260: ...choose Preferences The Preferences dialog appears 2 Click the MIDI Sync tab 3 From the Input drop down list choose the appropriate MIDI router and click OK Configuring the MIDI trigger 1 From the Options menu choose MIDI Triggers The MIDI Triggers dialog appears 2 Select Play All from the Event list box 3 In the Trigger section select the Note radio button The Channel and Note boxes become availab...

Page 261: ...e and click OK Triggering region playback Frequently it is preferable to use a MIDI device to control the triggering of the individual regions within a file As in the previous example the MIDI Keyboard will be used to demonstrate this function Note Before performing this procedure reset all triggers For more information see Resetting MIDI triggers on page 255 Configuring region playback triggers 1...

Page 262: ...all and configure the MIDI controller refer to the product specific documentation for installation procedures 2 Set up MIDI input synchronization For more information see Turning on MIDI input synchronization on page 254 3 Configure the MIDI triggers to respond to the corresponding controls on the controller For more information see Configuring the MIDI trigger on page 254 Advantages of external M...

Page 263: ...ormation see Triggering file playback on page 253 Playing regions using MTC from a sequencer Triggering region playback in Sound Forge software from a sequencer using MTC involves three procedures Configuring the regions Enabling MIDI input synchronization Configuring the sequencer Configuring the regions 1 Open the Voiceover pca file and view the Regions List and Playlist windows 2 Select the Wow...

Page 264: ...und Forge MIDI input port in the Preferences dialog s MIDI Sync tab Using Sound Forge software to generate MTC for a MIDI sequencer You can generate MTC for other devices to follow However it is important to understand that the software only generates MTC while playing a file or from a playlist Generating MTC involves two procedures Configuring the Sound Forge software Configuring the sequencer Co...

Page 265: ...TC input 4 If required by the sequencer press the Play button The sequencer does not begin playback but switches to Waiting for MTC mode 5 Start playback of the file in the software When the SMPTE offset time is satisfied the sequencer locks to and follows the MTC generated by the Sound Forge application Using Sound Forge software to generate MTC for an external device To use the software to send ...

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Page 267: ...mation see Using the Playlist on page 130 Sustaining and release loops A sound envelope contains four elements attack decay sustain and release Attack Decay Sustain Release Typically the sustain portion of the envelope is looped to lengthen the duration of a sound This is referred to as the sustaining loop While sustaining loops are useful it is frequently necessary to create a second loop taken f...

Page 268: ...ith a release loop To add a release loop to the sustaining loop created in the previous procedure you must insert another sample loop in the Sampler Loops window and rearrange the loop tags in the data window 1 Right click the sustaining loop and choose Edit Sample Loop from the shortcut menu or press Alt Shift L The Sampler Loops window appears 2 In the Sample type box choose Sustaining with Rele...

Page 269: ... than 50 ms 1 20 Hz the pitch of the loop may not equal the sample pitch Pitch tuning a loop is accomplished by creating short loops with a length equal to 1 frequency For example a sample of pitch 440 Hz corresponds to A5 on the keyboard meaning the loop can be pitch tuned 2 27 ms However pitched loops do not sound like the original sample Editing loops The loop you initially create in any situat...

Page 270: ...inning and stop playback at the loop start tag Plays Loop Starts playback of the looped region The number of times the loop plays is dependent upon the Loop count value in the Edit Sample dialog Use this button to audition the loop for pops and glitches For more information see Creating a sustaining loop on page 261 Play Post Loop Starts playback immediately following the loop end point and contin...

Page 271: ...s click the desired button By experimenting with different locations and repositioning the start and end points you can create seamless loops You can also configure the zero crossing finders to locate positive slope crossings negative slope crossings or all zero crossings Configuring the zero crossing finders 1 From the Options menu choose Preferences The Preferences dialog is displayed 2 Click th...

Page 272: ...n you can configure the Crossfade Loop tool to crossfade the beginning of the audio loop with the beginning of the post loop audio on the loop s final pass This smooths the occasionally awkward transition from looped to non looped audio Tip Use the Loop Tuner before applying the Crossfade Loop command to match the loop ends as well as possible Using the Crossfade Loop tool 1 Open the Loop pca file...

Page 273: ...ing an ACID loop file Loops are musical building blocks and are by far the most common type of file used in ACID software Loops stretch with an ACID project s tempo and can be configured to change pitch 1 Open the Voiceover pca file 2 Create a selection containing the And easier and drag it to the workspace A new data window is created containing the And easier audio data 3 From the View menu choo...

Page 274: ...the submenu The ACID Properties window appears 3 Select ACID Beatmapped from the ACID type drop down list Complete the information for an ACID beatmapped file Select a value from the Root note for transposing drop down list so that ACID software can transpose the file to match the project key Select Don t transpose from this list to keep the key from being changed Specify the file s original tempo...

Page 275: ...ouble Selection button on the Navigation toolbar or press the apostrophe key Shifting a selection left or right The shift selection commands allow you to quickly create a new selection adjacent to the current selection while maintaining the size of the original Creating a new selection to the left of the current selection From the Edit menu choose Selection and choose Shift Left from the submenu T...

Page 276: ...oes not originate from the start or end of a loop Rotate Audio has no effect Rotating the audio has different effects depending on what is selected If no audio is selected Rotate Audio transfers the first 25 percent of the loop to the end of the loop If audio is selected from the start of a loop Rotate Audio transfers the selection to the end of the loop If audio is selected from the end of a loop...

Page 277: ...tions menu choose Status Format and then choose Edit Tempo from the submenu The Edit Tempo dialog is displayed 3 Specify the number of beats the loop represents in the Selection length in beats box 4 Click the mouse pointer in the Tempo in beats per minute box The loop tempo is calculated and displayed Saving loop points To save loop information with the file select the Save metadata with file che...

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Page 279: ...ining video If the video strip is not displayed right click the data window s Edit Tool Selector and choose Video Strip from the shortcut menu A check mark appears adjacent to the command and the video strip is displayed To hide the video strip choose Video Strip from the shortcut menu again Changing video strip height You can change the video strip height by dragging the thin bar at the bottom of...

Page 280: ...nces from the Options menu and selecting an option from the Frame numbering on thumbnails drop down list on the Video tab Animating the video strip During playback of a video file the video strip can display animated or still frames This can visually aid in editing and positioning your audio to match the video From the Options menu choose Video and then choose Animate Video Strip or right click th...

Page 281: ...ts of the frame to Windows Clipboard Default Background Sets the Video Preview window background color to the system default color Black Background Sets the Video Preview window background color to black White Background Sets the Video Preview window background color to white Integral Stretch When selected the Video Preview frame will only be stretched by integral amounts Turning this setting on u...

Page 282: ...io and video synchronization in the file is unaffected 4 Click Close to close the External Monitor dialog 5 Click OK to close the Preferences dialog Attaching video to an audio file Once you have edited an audio file to your satisfaction you can attach it to a video file and save it as a video file 1 Open the audio file you want to use For more information see Getting media files on page 55 2 From...

Page 283: ...bering on This drop down list determines how the frame information is displayed on the video thumbnails strip when you have frame number display enabled To display frame numbers choose the Frame number option To display timecode choose the Media timecode option Allow pulldown removal when If you want to automatically remove pulldown fields when opening 24 fps opening 24p DV progressive scan DV vid...

Page 284: ...box speeds the process of saving video When this check box is cleared the time required to save the file can increase dramatically Clear this check box only when you have critical material where nothing but the highest quality video rendering will do 5 From the Template drop down list select a template for rendering and compressing the file You can click Custom to customize the settings in the Cus...

Page 285: ...rier transform is computationally intensive and for this reason it is common to use a technique called a Fast Fourier Transform FFT to perform spectral analysis The FFT utilizes mathematical shortcuts to reduce the processing time at the expense of putting limitations on the analysis size The analysis size also referred to as the FFT size indicates the number of samples from the audio signal used ...

Page 286: ... on page 186 3 From the View menu choose Spectrum Analysis The Spectrum Analysis window is displayed 4 Use the toolbar at the top of the window to set your display options Tip You can also click the Settings button in the Spectrum Analysis window to set additional options The spectrum graph displays the amplitude in dB of each frequency component from 0 Hz DC to the Nyquist frequency Frequency is ...

Page 287: ...he spectrum graph s refresh rate seems sluggish set the display mode to Line Graph decrease the FFT size or turn off snapshots Viewing frequency and amplitude values notes and statistics As you move the cursor through the spectrum graph the amplitude and frequency values at the current position are displayed in a ToolTip next to the cursor and in the Statistics area at the bottom of the window Use...

Page 288: ...garithmic from the shortcut menu to toggle the x axis between logarithmic and linear mode In logarithmic mode more of the graph is devoted to lower frequencies Changing the zoom level of the graph Zooming can be accomplished in several ways 1 Drag on the graph to draw a box around the area you want to magnify You can toggle through mouse selection mode by right clicking while holding the left mous...

Page 289: ...e Slice slider to add or remove slice graphs Creating and comparing snapshots of the Spectrum Analysis window You can store up to four snapshots to compare multiple spectrum graphs You can take snapshots from a single data window or from different data windows Note Snapshots are not available in sonogram display or when the Slices displayed setting in the Spectrum Settings dialog is greater than 1...

Page 290: ...oint in the graph This method of displaying spectral information is useful for identifying distinctive spectral patterns created from sounds such as speech musical instruments and ambient noise Displaying a sonogram 1 Open an audio file and select the portion of the waveform you want to analyze The sound or note you want to analyze should be in the center of the highlighted area Note Analyzing lon...

Page 291: ...tes from the shortcut menu Use the cursor to display musical note equivalent Right click the Spectrum Analysis window and choose Show Statistics from the shortcut menu to toggle the display of the Statistics area at the bottom of the Spectrum Analysis window Updating a sonogram A sonogram updates in the same method as a spectrum graph For more information see Updating a spectrum graph on page 282 ...

Page 292: ...hoose a lower value from the FFT size drop down list Adjusting color intensity Adjust the sonogram s color intensity using the Color slider located directly beneath the sonogram Notice that the bottom pane of the dialog depicts the color scale in dB Adjust the color intensity Tip This function may be fairly slow if you do not have a palletized driver or if Video for Windows is not installed Synchr...

Page 293: ...ncies Choose Rectangle to apply no window This results in a very sharp peak but high leakage Choose Triangular also called a Bartlett or Parzen window to apply a window that results in less leakage than the rectangle window Hamming Hanning and Blackman windows are commonly used in audio applications Choose Blackman Harris to obtain the least sideband leakage of the six options The major drawback o...

Page 294: ...etermines the highest amplitude displayed in the graphs Floor Determines the lowest amplitude displayed in the graphs Hold peaks during monitoring Select this check box to indicate the highest value of each frequency on the spectrum graph with a small horizontal line The length of time in seconds that the peak is held is determined by the value entered in the edit box Maintain last monitored view ...

Page 295: ...ook Disc at once burning is the most common burning method in the music industry This writing mode is used when creating a master disc to be sent to a disc manufacturer for mass replication Disc at once works just as it sounds Multiple tracks of audio are written to the CD in one recording session Correcting the sample rate for CD burning Sample rates deviating from 44 100 Hz cause CD track length...

Page 296: ...c Closes your disc without adding any audio when you click the Start button Closing a disc allows your files to be played on an audio CD player Erase RW disc Erases your rewritable CD when you click the Start button You should use this option if your rewritable CD already has data on it 3 Select your burning options Option Description Buffer underrun protection Select this check box if your CD rec...

Page 297: ...a CD once it is closed 1 From the Tools menu choose Burn Track at Once Audio CD The Burn Track at Once Audio CD dialog is displayed 2 From the Action drop down list choose Close Disc 3 If desired select the Eject disc when done check box to eject the CD automatically when the disc has been closed 4 Click the Start button The Sound Forge application begins closing the CD and displays a progress met...

Page 298: ...ur first track region begins before 00 00 02 00 a timeline offset is automatically added so the first track begins at exactly two seconds This offset is added for burning only and is not reflected in the data window If you want to display track numbers in the Time Display window right click the Time Display window and choose CD Track Position from the shortcut menu In this mode the Time Display wi...

Page 299: ...sert menu choose CD Index or press Shift N A CD index marker is added to the CD layout bar in the data window CD index marker Creating CD tracks from events in a data window If you re working with a data window that contains multiple events you can create tracks automatically using the events 1 Create events on the timeline to lay out your CD For more information see Using the Event Tool on page 1...

Page 300: ... window and creating tracks Tip When you create a track using a media file that includes title and artist metadata this information will be added to the Track List window as CD Text Dragging files to the CD layout bar Drag a file to the CD layout bar at the bottom of a data window An indicator is displayed to show you where the track will be added when you release the mouse When you drop the file ...

Page 301: ...between CD tracks control on the CD Settings tab of the Preferences dialog to adjust the default pause time For more information see CD Settings tab on page 321 Opening multiple files as CD tracks In the Open dialog hold Ctrl or Shift to select the files you want to open as CD tracks and then select the Open as CD tracks and Append to current data window check boxes The files will be added to the ...

Page 302: ...ially a text representation of the markers on the CD layout bar You can use the Track List window to view track and index markers edit track position and length edit track names adjust pause time toggle protection and emphasis flags and edit ISRC data For more information see Using the Track List window on page 300 Adding bonus tracks at the end of CDs You can hide a track at the end of a CD by ad...

Page 303: ... Track List window Changing track starting and ending points Drag either end of the track to adjust the track s starting or ending position The pause time between tracks is displayed in a ToolTip Reordering tracks Drag a CD track to move the track its associated media and the pause time before the track An indicator is displayed to show you where the event will be moved If you drag a track in a pr...

Page 304: ... of pause time but you can edit the default pause time on the CD Settings tab of the Preferences dialog When you hover in the pause time between two tracks Sound Forge displays the pause time You can edit the pause time in several ways Hover your mouse between two tracks in the CD layout bar The pause time is displayed in a ToolTip Double click the ToolTip and the display changes to an edit box wh...

Page 305: ...g or ending position The pause time between tracks is displayed in a ToolTip The Pause column in the Track List window allows you to edit the pause time between tracks Type a new value in the box and tracks will move accordingly in the timeline BURNING CDS 299 ...

Page 306: ...he same effect as moving or resizing the CD track on the CD layout bar Editing the Start or End value moves the track forward or backward in time while preserving its length Editing only the Length value changes the track s ending time while preserving its start time Editing track title and artist information Double click the Title CD Text and Artist CD Text boxes to edit their contents Notes In o...

Page 307: ...r the track 3 Press Enter Industry Standard Recording Codes ISRC were designed to identify CD tracks The ISRC code is a 12 character alphanumeric sequence in the following format Field A B C D E Sample ISRC SE T38 86 302 12 Field Description A Country Represents the recording s country of origin B First Owner Assigned ID for the producer of the project Each country has a board that assigns these c...

Page 308: ... or e mail message Exporting track lists as text files 1 From the Edit menu choose Track List and then choose Export Track List from the submenu The Export Track List dialog is displayed Tip Right click the Track List window and choose Export Track List from the shortcut menu 2 Choose the format you want to apply to your track list information Cue sheet for replication The track list is formatted ...

Page 309: ...CDs When you add CD Text to your disc title and artist information will be displayed when your CD is played on a CD player that supports CD Text Notes When you create a track using a media file that includes title and artist metadata this information will be added to the Track List window as CD Text In order to burn valid CD Text you must specify a title for the disc and for each track on the disc...

Page 310: ...to use to burn your CD 3 From the Speed drop down list choose the speed at which you want to burn Max will use your drive s fastest possible speed Decrease the setting to prevent the possibility of buffer underruns 4 Select the Buffer underrun protection check box if your CD recorder supports buffer underrun protection Buffer underrun protection allows a CD recorder to stop and resume burning Warn...

Page 311: ...urning has completed 9 Select the Write CD Text check box if you want to write CD Text data to your CD In order to display CD Text your CD player must support CD Text The following information will be written Item Source Disc Title Name Title CD Text box in the CD Information window Disc Artist Artist CD Text box in the CD Information window Track Title Title CD Text column in the Track List windo...

Page 312: ...306 CHAPTER 20 ...

Page 313: ...mbined with a large preload size this may result in a delay when starting and stopping playback 1 From the Options menu choose Preferences The Preferences dialog is displayed 2 Click the Audio tab 3 Use the Playback buffering slider to configure an appropriate buffer size value and click OK Turning off the playback cursor and record counter The playback cursor and record counter options determine ...

Page 314: ...ing the audio you wish to use with your video place markers during video playback to correspond to any major synchronization points You can locate a particular frame by dragging the cursor along the audio if the Video Preview window is open from the View menu choose Video Preview or the Animate Video Strip option is enabled from the Options menu choose Video Animate Video Strip After primary locat...

Page 315: ...ree built in window layouts a default layout a layout optimized for Red Book CD authoring work and a layout optimized for 5 1 video work To load these layouts choose Window Layouts from the View menu and then choose Default Red Book Authoring or 5 1 Video from the submenu You can also use the following keyboard shortcuts to load these layouts Layout Keyboard shortcut Default Alt Shift D D Red Book...

Page 316: ... the folder displayed in the Current layout folder box If the layout you want to use is saved in a different folder you can click the Browse button to choose a new folder 3 Select a layout in the Current layouts in menu box 4 Click the Assign or Replace button to add the layout to the View Window Layouts submenu You can click the Move Up or Move Down buttons to change the order of the layouts in t...

Page 317: ...see Selecting status formats on page 79 Sync Trigger Status When selected the Time Display window shows incoming MIDI timecode and trigger signals Note The current MIDI Input port is set on the MIDI Sync tab of the Preferences dialog Playlist Position When selected the Time Display window shows the position of the cursor relative to the beginning of the playlist during playback from the Playlist w...

Page 318: ... optimized method of scrolling the data window will be used In some instances this can reduce interference problems between your audio and video card when Smooth Scrolling playback is selected Show a textured background on When this check box is selected a stucco texture will be used for the application background the Workspace Allow Wave renders up to 4 GB Select this check box to enable support ...

Page 319: ...the original file and the result of the Save As operation Keep media files locked Select this check box if you want to lock media files after you ve opened them Clear the check box if you want to unlock media files when you switch to another application Delete temporary files on close Select this check box if you want to delete the peak sfk and proxy sfap0 files associated with a media file when y...

Page 320: ...the appearance of the Sound Forge window Description Option Default sound file window height Drag the slider to specify the default data window height for a sound file This magnification level is used when you load a sound file or create a new window Default video strip height Drag the slider to specify the default height of the video strip when you open a video file Peak ratio default for new sou...

Page 321: ...lor Note When adjusting the display color for channel waveforms the Saturation and Brightness sliders are not available To adjust saturation and brightness for all channels choose Wave All Channels from the Color preference for drop down list and then adjust the controls Click the Default button to restore a custom color to the default setting 3 Click the OK button Icon color saturation Drag the s...

Page 322: ...uations When the material you are mixing does not overlap either end of the destination selection or the end of the destination file When no selection exists in the destination When you mix data within a single data window When the check box is cleared Fade In and Fade Out setting are not affected by the selection in the Mix destination Drag drop auto rise delay Drag this slider to specify the tim...

Page 323: ...r example if you specify a field width of 3 windows numbered 1 to 99 would be numbered 001 to 099 5 Click the OK button Editing default region names The Region Labels section of the Labels tab allows you to modify the names that are assigned to regions when you insert regions or choose Multiple takes creating regions from the Mode drop down list in the Record dialog 1 From the Options menu choose ...

Page 324: ... Playlist triggers Bound record time on record sync Use internal timer for SMPTE generation SMPTE When this check box is selected Sound Forge software will not allow recording beyond the specified end time This ensures that your record length is exact regardless of any inaccurate timecode Select this check box if you want to use the internal timer for SMPTE generation rather than position values r...

Page 325: ... amount of data played prior to the cursor position In the Loop time box specify the amount of time that will loop when you stop the cursor while clicking and dragging in the overview bar To use the audio event locator click the overview bar and drag the mouse Similar to a scrub control playback follows mouse movement and loops around the cursor position when the mouse is still Playback stops when...

Page 326: ...in the box to calibrate the VU PPM meters to their associated levels on the peak meters VU meters display sound in dB VU where 0 VU is a reference level and there is headroom above 0 VU The Sound Forge peak meters display peaks in dB FS decibels relative to full scale In digital audio there is no headroom above 0 dB FS Choosing a setting from this drop down list subtracts a nominal dB value from t...

Page 327: ...from searching for drives or burn CDs When the check box is cleared the application will not scan for wide SCSI devices which can increase compatibility with some USB device drivers that incorrectly identify themselves as wide SCSI Skip drive database autodetect When the check box is cleared an internal configuration file is used to determine your drive s drive capabilities on startup capabilities...

Page 328: ...ssible without gapping To set it start at 25 and play back a typical song Move some of the track faders If the playback gaps try increasing this slider in small increments until the gapping goes away If you simply cannot get playback to be free of gapping you need to install more RAM in your computer so you can increase buffering buy a faster access hard drive or minimize the number of audio plug ...

Page 329: ...der to 5 and set Playback buffering to 0 35 seconds five 0 07 second buffers are created If you choose 1024 from the Buffer size drop down and set the Audio buffers slider to 5 five 1024 byte buffers are created Priority Choose a setting from the drop down list to set the priority that is assigned to your audio buffers Increasing the buffers priority can help you attain smoother playback but it ca...

Page 330: ... your external monitor Sync offset frames If your audio is not synchronized with your external monitor you can configure an offset for your hardware Drag the slider to synchronize audio and video This setting affects synchronization for previewing on an external monitor Audio and video synchronization in the Sound Forge workspace is not affected VST Effects tab The VST Effects tab allows you to sp...

Page 331: ...ate the type of command you want to assign to a keyboard shortcut 3 Select a command in the list Tip You can type a word in the Show commands containing box to filter the list of commands to display only commands that contain the word you typed 4 Click the Shortcut keys box and press the key combination you want to assign to the selected command Tip If you type a key combination that has already b...

Page 332: ...default Sound Forge keyboard mapping Importing or renaming a keyboard mapping Copy a Sound Forge keyboard mapping ini file to the following folder Windows XP C Documents and Settings user name Application Data Sony Sound Forge Pro 10 0 Windows Vista or Windows 7 C Users user name AppData Roaming Sony Sound Forge Pro 10 0 Note The Application Data or AppData folder is not visible unless the Show hi...

Page 333: ...eyboard shortcuts For more information see Customizing keyboard shortcuts on page 325 The available shortcut keys are arranged in tables according to function Project file shortcuts Command Keyboard Shortcut Create a new data window Ctrl N Create a new data window without displaying the New Window dialog Ctrl Shift N Open a sound file or project Ctrl O Save modified sound data back to the file Ctr...

Page 334: ...cus to the ACID Properties window Ctrl Alt M 3 Show set input focus to the Broadcast Wave window Ctrl Alt M 4 Show set input focus to the CD Information window Ctrl Alt M 5 Show set input focus to the Sampler Loops window Ctrl Alt M 6 or Alt Shift L Show set input focus to the Summary Information window Ctrl Alt M 7 Tile the data windows vertically Shift F4 Restore the Sound Forge application wind...

Page 335: ...ete Note If the Treat as Cutlist command available in the Edit menu Playlist Cutlist submenu is selected deleting a selection creates a region in the Cutlist window but does not remove the selection Place a command marker at the current cursor position C Place a marker at the current cursor position M Enable snapping F8 Toggle auto snap to grid Ctrl F8 Toggle auto snap to markers Shift F8 Toggle a...

Page 336: ...first sample visible in the waveform display or beginning of selection Home Go to the first sample in the data window Ctrl Home Go to the last sample visible in the waveform display or end of selection End Go to the last sample in the data window Ctrl End Move 10 of the current view prior to the cursor position Page Up Move 100 of the current view prior to the cursor position Ctrl Page Up Move 10 ...

Page 337: ...of the file Ctrl Shift Right Arrow or Select from the cursor to the next region loop or marker boundary if regions loops or markers exist in the file or Extend selection to the next previous event when the Event tool is selected Select from the cursor to the beginning of the file Ctrl Shift Left Arrow or Select from the cursor to the previous region loop or marker boundary if regions loops or mark...

Page 338: ...rrow Display custom zoom ratio 1 1 numeric keypad Display custom zoom ratio 2 2 numeric keypad Pan data window up down if zoomed in vertically Ctrl Shift Up Down Arrow Switch cursor to opposite end of selection 5 numeric keypad Set Mark In at the current cursor position I Set Mark Out at the current cursor position O Play or Stop the contents of the data window in default mode Spacebar or F12 Play...

Page 339: ...t Shift Ctrl Left Arrow Record dialog shortcuts Command Keyboard Shortcut Open Record dialog Ctrl R Start stop recording Alt R Play Alt P Reset clip indicators Alt T Stop recording or playback Esc Go to the start Alt Z Insert marker M Plug In Chainer shortcuts Command Keyboard Shortcut Preview Ctrl P Process selection Ctrl Shift P Bypass Ctrl B Save chain preset Ctrl S Toggle Ignore Mix Insert Tai...

Page 340: ...sign not numeric keypad Subtract one from the active playlist entry play count minus sign not numeric keypad Add or remove a stop point on the active playlist entry Ctrl E Ctrl 8 Toggle pre roll on and off for the playlist Ctrl P forward slash not numeric keypad Add selected Regions List item to Playlist Ctrl I Replicate selected playlist region Ctrl D Script Editor shortcuts Command Keyboard Shor...

Page 341: ...a window or another data window Note When dragging a selection to paste sound data drag up or down before moving the mouse left or right Dragging left or right before moving the mouse vertically adjusts the selection length Drag to Regions List To add the current selection to the Regions List drag it to the Regions List You can also drag regions from the Regions List to the Playlist Drag to Playli...

Page 342: ...Sound Forge window to edit their values Selection Status Bar Double click the Selection Start box in a data window to type a new value Double click the Selection End or Selection Length box to type a new value Go to Marker Click a marker tag to move the cursor to the marker s position Set Selection to Region Loop Double click a region or loop tag in the ruler to change the current selection to the...

Page 343: ...as lossy compression because information contained in the sound is lost when it is compressed The amount of sound degradation is dependent upon the algorithm Compressed audio requires more processing time than uncompressed data The amount of processing time is dependent on the algorithm as well as the system s hardware Typically opening and saving compressed files takes longer than uncompressed fi...

Page 344: ...t do not support compression directly A file compressed with Microsoft ADPCM or The DSP Group s TrueSpeech plays on any sound card without first decompressing the file The Sound Mapper can under the right circumstances record compressed sound files Compressing sound data can be computationally expensive and the amount of time required is dependent upon the specific compression algorithm and how it...

Page 345: ...or NTSC DV D1 video projects Both SMPTE Drop and SMPTE Non Drop run at 29 97 fps In both formats the actual frames are not discarded but they are numbered differently SMPTE Drop removes certain frame numbers from the counting system to keep the SMPTE clock from drifting from real wall clock time The time is adjusted forward by two frames on every minute boundary except 0 10 20 30 40 and 50 For exa...

Page 346: ...340 APPENDIX C ...

Page 347: ...extensions of the IRCAM format Instead of using the standard IRCAM header these files replace the first 28 bytes of the header with a standard NeXT Sun header This allows the IRCAM format to store additional information in its 1024 byte header while also allowing the files to be read by software that supports the NeXT Sun file format such as Sound Forge software Opening files BICSF and EBICSF file...

Page 348: ...matches the number of channels in the file you re saving The sample rate will be determined from the source file If you do not always use the same settings for reading raw files make sure the Keep media files locked check box is selected on the General tab of the Preferences dialog Otherwise the individual settings will be lost if you have multiple raw files open and switch away from the Sound For...

Page 349: ...nternet and corporate intranet features and capabilities Developers use it to build user interactivity into programs and World Wide Web pages Adaptive Delta Pulse Code Modulation ADPCM A method of compressing audio data Although the theory for compression using ADPCM is standard there are many different algorithms employed For example Microsoft s ADPCM algorithm is not compatible with the Internat...

Page 350: ...speed it loops playback around the cursor position This position can be selected by dragging the cursor around in the Sound Forge Overview window Audio Interchange File Format AIFF An audio file format developed by Apple Computer ASX File ASF Stream Redirector file For more information see Redirector File on page 354 Attenuation A decrease in the level of a signal Bandwidth When discussing audio e...

Page 351: ... Converter The Channel Converter is a function that converts files from mono to stereo and stereo to mono with independent level control of the new channels This function can also create interesting effects by converting stereo files to stereo with various levels and inversion of channels Channel Meters The Channel Meters in Sound Forge software display the peak output levels of the sound file cur...

Page 352: ...he software Note The Computer ID is used for registration purposes only It doesn t give Sony access to any personal information and can t be used for any purpose other than for generating a unique activation number for you to use the software See also Activation Number on page 343 Crossfade Mixing two pieces of audio by fading one out as the other fades in Crossfade Loop Sometimes a sample loop ca...

Page 353: ...gram that enables Windows to connect different hardware and software For example a sound card device driver is used by Windows software to control sound card recording and playback Destructive Editing Destructive editing is the type of editing whereby all cuts deletes mixes and other processes are actually processed to the sound file Any time you delete a section of a sound file in Sound Forge sof...

Page 354: ...zation EQ Equalizing a sound file is a process by which certain frequency bands are raised or lowered in level Fast Fourier Transform FFT Analysis A Fourier Transform is the mathematical method used to convert a waveform from the Time Domain to the Frequency Domain Since the Fourier Transform is computationally intensive it is common to use a technique called a Fast Fourier Transform FFT to perfor...

Page 355: ...frequencies For example bass heavy sounds have a large frequency content in the low end 20 Hz 200 Hz of the spectrum Head Related Transfer Function HRTF Sounds are perceived differently depending on the direction the sound comes from This occurs because of the echoes bouncing from your shoulders and nose and the shape of your ears A head related transfer function contains the frequency and phase r...

Page 356: ...cies above a cutoff frequency Low pass filters can be used as anti alias filters or for general tonal shaping Marker A marker is an anchored accessible reference point in a file Markers are stored in the Regions List and can be used for quick navigation Media Control Interface MCI A standard way for Windows programs to communicate with multimedia devices such as sound cards and CD players If a dev...

Page 357: ...ice MIDI Time Code MTC MTC is an addendum to the MIDI 1 0 specification and provides a way to specify absolute time for synchronizing MIDI capable applications MTC is essentially a MIDI representation of SMPTE time code Mix Mixing allows multiple sound files to be blended into one file at user defined relative levels Multiple Bit Rate Encoding Multiple bit rate encoding also known as Intelligent S...

Page 358: ...e One Shot One shots are RAM based audio clips that are not designed to loop Things such as cymbal crashes and sound bites could be considered one shots Longer files can be treated as one shots if your computer has sufficient memory Pan To place a mono or stereo sound source perceptually between two or more speakers Pause Time Pause time is the space between CD tracks This space may contain silenc...

Page 359: ...own when printing to tape but not when you intend to use the rendered video as source media Removing 2 3 pulldown is inefficient because the pulldown fields that are created for frame 3 span two frames 24 fps film top and resulting NTSC video with 2 3 pulldown fields bottom Use 2 3 3 2 pulldown when you plan to use your rendered video as source media When removing 2 3 3 2 pulldown Sound Forge soft...

Page 360: ...ides information to a media player about streaming media files To start a streaming media presentation a Web page will include a link to a redirector file Linking to a redirector file allows a file to stream if you link to the media file it will be downloaded before playback begins Windows Media redirector files use the asx or wax extension RealMedia redirector files use the ram rpm or smi extensi...

Page 361: ...e whenever referring to a digital recording The act of recording sound digitally i e to sample an instrument means to digitize and store it Sample Dump A sample dump is the process of transferring sample data between music equipment Because of the large amounts of data required to store digital sound sample dumps may take a very long time when using the MIDI Sample Dump Standard SDS However when u...

Page 362: ... A context sensitive menu that appears when you click on certain areas of the screen The functions available in the shortcut menu depend on the object being clicked on as well as the state of the program As with any menu you can select an item from the shortcut menu to perform an operation Shortcut menus are used frequently in Sound Forge software for quick access to many commands Sign Bit Data th...

Page 363: ... streaming users would have to download files completely before playback Telecine The process of creating 30 fps video television from 24 fps film cinema See also Inverse Telecine IVTC on page 349 Pulldown on page 353 Tempo Tempo is the rhythmic rate of a musical composition usually specified in beats per minute BPM Threshold A threshold determines the level at which the signal processor begins ac...

Page 364: ...en programs Sound Forge software uses the VMR to receive MIDI time code and send MIDI clock No MIDI hardware or cables are required for a VMR so routing can only be performed between programs running on the same PC Sony supplies a VMR with Sound Forge software called the Sony Virtual MIDI Router Wave An digital audio standard developed by Microsoft and IBM One minute of uncompressed audio requires...

Page 365: ...e the chance of creating glitches is minimized Zipper Noise Zipper noise occurs when you apply a changing gain to a signal such as when fading out If the gain does not change in small enough increments zipper noise can become very noticeable Fades are accomplished using 64 bit arithmetic thereby creating no audible zipper noise APPENDIX E 359 ...

Page 366: ...360 APPENDIX E ...

Page 367: ...ecording 135 144 repairing 153 156 reversing 192 setting volume 193 synthesizing 156 159 Audio CD Time button 38 audio configuration 135 audio editing copying 71 cutting selections 73 74 deleting selections 74 drag and drop 150 153 mixing 75 77 overwriting 147 pasting 72 73 repeating an operation 149 replicating 148 trimming cropping 75 audio event locator configuring 87 scrubbing with 87 Audio Re...

Page 368: ...o to stereo 179 overview 106 179 stereo to mono 180 swapping stereo channels 180 channel meters changing display resolution 45 customizing 45 mono compatibility meters 48 overview 44 peak range 45 phase scopes 48 resetting clipping indicators 45 routing channels to hardware outputs 46 110 showing hiding 44 turning off 307 VU PPM meters 46 47 window 24 channels converting mono stereo 105 intermixin...

Page 369: ...configurations 242 sustaining loops 261 views 98 Crop button See Trim Crop button cropping audio 75 175 176 Crossfade Loop button 42 Crossfade Loop tool 266 crossfade types 165 crossfading events 165 CSOUND 341 cue sheets See track lists current playback mode 34 Cursor Center button 38 cursor position 83 Cursor to Selection End button 38 Cursor to Selection Start button 38 Custom Settings dialog 6...

Page 370: ...ting CD tracks 293 ISRC codes 301 locking audio and CD tracks 297 mono tracks 289 pause time 298 300 pre emphasis boost 301 disc at once CD burning continued protecting CDs 301 Q subcode 301 sample rate correction 289 track lists 300 303 displaying sonograms 284 video strip 273 Wave Hammer 227 Distortion effect 41 209 dither 103 177 DLS files 245 248 docking windows See windows Double Selection bu...

Page 371: ... changing fade curves 50 clearing all 50 deleting 50 deleting all 51 flipping 207 moving 50 moving multiple 50 resetting 51 envelope points continued selecting all 50 Envelope Tool button 36 envelopes adjusting 207 adjusting effect parameters 206 bypassing effect automation 206 copying to another data window 208 creating pan envelopes 188 cutting copying and pasting points 208 effect automation en...

Page 372: ... files 81 detaching video 276 editing source project 70 embedding additional information 107 Explorer window 57 59 opening 55 57 files continued playing 61 previewing 57 publishing to Web 81 recovering after crash 81 saving 66 saving all 68 saving metadata with 107 statistics 64 video 60 Find tool 42 153 finding and repairing audio glitches 153 Flange Wah Wah effect 41 211 flipping envelope graphs...

Page 373: ...rt Sample Loop button 39 Insert Silence button 39 Insert toolbar 39 Insert Volume Envelope button 39 inserting CD index markers 293 CD tracks 293 inserting continued command markers 119 markers 114 markers during playback 114 markers during recording 114 markers while recording 143 regions 120 121 regions automatically 121 124 silence 149 installing 18 interactive tutorials 19 36 intermixing chann...

Page 374: ... 114 previewing 116 renaming 114 markers continued snapping to 95 triggering using MIDI commands 116 updating to current cursor location 115 Measures Beats status format 38 80 81 metadata copying to clipboard 25 editing extended summary information 107 editing summary information 107 saving with files 107 viewing extended summary information 107 viewing summary information 107 meters channel 44 di...

Page 375: ...les 245 248 musical time intervals 123 Mute button 40 Mute process 185 N naming automatically naming markers 115 automatically naming regions 124 markers 114 regions 124 navigating overview bar 85 previewing audio with pre roll 83 scrubbing 86 87 setting cursor position 83 Spectrum Analysis graphs 282 using mouse wheel 21 Navigation toolbar 38 New button 36 New Window dialog 65 new windows See dat...

Page 376: ...ylist adding regions using commands 130 adding regions using drag and drop 130 benefits of using 113 button 39 Playlist continued copying to clipboard 134 Count column 130 creating files from 132 deleting regions from 131 editing regions 131 moving regions 131 opening Playlist files 134 overview 26 playing from 132 repeating regions during playback 131 replicating regions 131 saving to file 133 st...

Page 377: ...erse 192 Rotate Audio 270 Smooth Enhance 192 processes continued Time Stretch 192 Volume 193 projects creating 55 folders 55 saving 69 saving paths in rendered files 70 proper use of software 145 protecting CDs 301 publishing files to Web 36 81 punch in adjusting pre post roll 142 recording mode 141 Q Q subcode 301 quantization errors defined 102 minimizing 103 104 Quantize to Frames 97 R rapid so...

Page 378: ...67 rendering creating custom settings 68 saving project path 70 reordering CD tracks 297 300 repairing audio Audio Restoration plug in 156 copying the other channel 154 interpolating audio 154 replacing with preceding audio 155 using Pencil tool 155 Repeat button 36 repeating an operation 149 Replace button 42 replacing glitches 155 replicating audio 148 regions in Playlist 131 Resample button 40 ...

Page 379: ...CSI SMDI hardware setup 251 troubleshooting 251 Seconds button 38 Seek Cursor on Playback command 62 selecting events 168 regions 124 Selection Grid Lines option 94 selections adjusting from process dialogs 174 adjusting with keyboard 93 adjusting with mouse 93 creating data windows from 153 creating using start and end values 92 deleting all markers and regions within 116 125 during playback 93 m...

Page 380: ...trum graph zoom level 282 displaying frequency and amplitude values 281 displaying graph 280 Spectrum Analysis continued displaying notes 281 displaying statistics 281 erasing snapshots 284 FFT 279 monitoring input output source 281 285 navigating graphs 282 printing graphs 284 printing sonograms 286 refreshing graphs 282 saving custom settings 288 settings 287 showing hiding snapshots 283 snapsho...

Page 381: ...ck box 301 reordering tracks 300 track at once CD burning burning CDs 290 291 closing CDs 291 defined 289 mono tracks 289 sample rate correction 289 Transport toolbar 37 Triangular dither 177 Trigger from MIDI Timecode button 39 triggered playback 253 triggered region playback 255 triggering markers with MIDI commands 116 triggering regions with MIDI commands 126 triggers overview 253 resetting 25...

Page 382: ...118 streaming media commands 118 workspaces See also window layouts opening 69 overview 68 saving 69 writing CDs See disc at once CD burning track at once CD burning Z zero crossings finding for loops 265 snapping to 96 Zoom In Full button 38 Zoom Level commands 89 Zoom Normal button 38 Zoom Selection button 38 Zoom Time commands 88 89 zooming custom settings 89 events 169 horizontally 87 level ru...

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