YSI SonTek RiverSurveyor, System Manual

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SonTek/YSI Inc
RiverSurveyor System Manual (May 1, 2007)
ix
3.9.1. What are the different coordinate systems? .............................................................46
3.9.2. What are Beam Coordinates?...................................................................................46
3.9.3. What are XYZ Coordinates?....................................................................................46
3.9.4. What are ENU Coordinates?....................................................................................46
3.10. Track, Velocity, and Depth References..........................................................................47
3.10.1. What does Track Reference mean?..........................................................................47
3.10.2. How will selecting a different Track Reference change my results? ......................47
3.10.3. What does Velocity Reference mean? .....................................................................48
3.10.4. How will selecting a different Velocity Reference change my results? ..................48
3.10.5. How do Track Reference and Velocity Reference relate to one another?...............48
3.10.6. What does Depth Reference mean? .........................................................................49
3.10.7. How will selecting a different Depth Reference change my results? ......................49
3.11. Shallow Water Operation ...............................................................................................49
3.11.1. What is Shallow Water Operation? .........................................................................49
3.11.2. How does Shallow Water Operation work with RiverSurveyor?............................50
3.11.3. Where should I use Shallow Water Operation with RiverSurveyor? ......................50
3.12. Additional/Ancillary Equipment ....................................................................................51
3.12.1. What essential equipment is needed to make field measurements? ........................51
3.12.2. What other items may be useful to me in the field? ................................................52
Section 4. RiverSurveyor Applications..............................................................................53
4.1. Stream (River) Gauging and RiverSurveyor Discharge Measurements ........................55
4.1.1. What do Stream Gauging and Discharge mean? .....................................................55
4.1.2. What are the considerations in making a discharge measurement?.........................55
4.1.3. How does RiverSurveyor make instantaneous discharge measurements? ..............56
4.2. Computer Modeling and Verification ............................................................................58
4.2.1. Does RiverSurveyor work with Computer Models?................................................58
4.2.2. How does RiverSurveyor work with 2-D Computer Models? ................................58
4.2.3. How does RiverSurveyor work with 3-D Computer Models? ................................58
4.3. River Condition Considerations .....................................................................................60
4.3.1. Slow and Fast Flows ................................................................................................60
4.3.2. Moving Bed .............................................................................................................60
4.3.3. Suspended Sediment ................................................................................................60
4.3.4. Stratified Flows........................................................................................................60
4.3.5. Wind.........................................................................................................................61
Section 5. Principles of Discharge Measurement .............................................................63
5.1. Discharge Calculations...................................................................................................63
5.1.1. How does RiverSurveyor calculate discharge? .......................................................63
5.1.2. Are there limitations to the discharge calculation?..................................................64
5.1.3. How do I calculate total discharge for the section using RiverSurveyor?...............64
5.2. Velocity Profile Extrapolation .......................................................................................68
5.2.1. Estimating Top/Bottom Water Velocities................................................................68
5.2.2. RiverSurveyor Software and Velocity Profile Extrapolation ..................................68
Velocity Profile Calculation ................................................................................69
Determining the end of the profile.......................................................................69
Section 6. Preparing the System for a Survey ..................................................................71