LAWO mc256 MKII, Техническое руководство

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mc²56 MKII Technical Manual V5.10.2/1 369
Glossary
dB deciBel
A unit of transmission giving the ratio of two powers.
The number of bels is the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the two powers.
One decibel equals one tenth of a bel.
dBU dBU is used to describe levels within the analogue domain, and is a measure of
absolute voltage level based on 0dBU = 0.775 Volts (RMS). dBU is often used to
indicate nominal broadcast operating levels.
dBFS dB Full Scale
dBFS is used to describe levels within the digital domain. 0dBFS describes the
system’s internal clipping point; this is the maximum level which can be handled
by the system without signal distortion.
Delay The signal output from a delay module is x ms behind the signal input to the
module. Delay is often applied to audio sources whose video has undergone digital
video processing; delay is required such the audio remains in sync with the video.
Direct Out Direct Output
The direct output of a channel is the output of the individual source. Direct Outputs
are often used to provide a record or ‘snoop’ feed of a single source, and can be
taken from various points within signal flow: pre fader, post fader, etc.
Drop-out Interruption of the audio signal caused by an error in the signal transfer or
recording.
DSP Digital Signal Processing
Digital signal processing (DSP) is the study of signals in a digital representation
and the processing methods of these signals.
Within mc
2
consoles and the Nova73, DSP is also used as the collective name
given to the processing cards, within the Nova73, which provide audio signal
processing such as equalization, dynamics and delay.
Dynamics Dynamics is the collective terms given to audio processing which responds to
changes in signal level. For example, a Compressor, Limiter, Gate or Expander.
EQ Equaliser.
An equaliser is a processor which changes the frequency characteristics of a
signal, for example to increase the amount of treble or bass components in the
signal.
Expander A dynamics processor used to magnify changes in the dynamic range of the input
signal. For example, to reduce noise in speech pauses. See also Compressor.
Fader A potentiometer used to adjust the gain of a signal.
Filters Filters are equaliser sections which are used to cut out or reduce specific
frequency bands within the signal. For example, a Low Pass Filter cuts out high
frequencies so will result in less treble to the sound. A High Pass Filter cuts out
low frequencies, for example you can use this to remove unwanted low frequencies
like hum or rumble. A Band Pass Filter cuts out both high and low frequencies
allowing frequency components within the band to pass through the signal; for
example, you can use this type of filter to create a telephone effect on a normal
voice.
Gain Adjusting the gain of a signal results in a change in the perceived level or
amplitude. An increase in gain (positive values) results in amplification and a
reduction in gain (negative values) in attenuation.