●
Yyxzni}n vj yzx|qg|n}n j~lf lrj vj nuytx~}i|n}n }p
o
up, vj knt}r|n}n }x zuj }x~ urx
sjr vj
nvr|
|n}n }p mxuh sjr }pv n~|}fqnrj }p{ ltx~}gvp{
sj}f }p mrfzsnrj }p{ mrls|p{. Rfv
zp|ruxyxrh|n}n j~lf, unr|}n jvftxlj }pv
yx|}p}j }x~ ~lzx
. Oft}n }x j~l |}pv sx
yj-
unox
zj sjr |~uytpz|}n un ~lz ugzr }p ||}h
|}fqup }p{ |~v}jlh{.
5EGMA
Qrj}iqn}jr }|x vyh |x sjr |}nlvh ujlrf. Ktn{ xr
|~v}jlg{ }x~ yjzv}x{ krktix~ gx~v mxsruj|}ni
zp|ruxyxrv}j{ n
sxtp{ jvfurwp{, |}nlvh ujlrf
}jnij{ mzf|p{ p xyxij mnv znrfon}jr vj mrjt~qni
yz}j |n vnz. T ujlrf }xyxqn}ni}jr |n urj tjssx
kj
|}x jtn
zr, yx~ mrj}pzni}jr |}nlvh sjr wnzr|}f jy
}x ~lz g{ }x~ jzi|nr p jvfurwp.
●
Prj sjt
}nzj jyx}ntg|uj}j zp|ruxyxrh|}n |}nlvh
ujlrf. Qnv |~vr|}f}jr vj zp|ruxyxrni}n vyh ujlrf
mr}r }nivnr vj mivnr yrx n~un}fktp}j jyx}ntg|uj}j |n
|g|p un }p |}nlvh ujlrf. Yp zp|ruxyxrni}n vyh
ujlrf un }xv zxvxmrjsy}p sjq~|}gzp|p{.
Rfv qgtn}n vj zp|ruxyxrh|n}n vyh ujlrf, gn}n
~yp }j nwh{:
6 lz. vyh ujlrf = 1 sx~}jtfsr |}nlvh ujlrf
Avjuiw}n }p vyh ujlrf un 1 sx~}jtfsr ofjzp sjr
m
x sx~}jtrg{ vnz (trjz). Nh|}n }x uiluj lrj 5
tny}f ugzr vj jzi|nr.
_}p |~vgnrj, yzx|qg|}n }j ~ytxryj ~trsf |}xv
sfmx.
Prj vj gn}n kgt}r|}j jyx}ntg|uj}j, p yx|}p}j }p{
ujlrf{ uyxzni vj znrj|}ni z
qur|p.
●
czp|ruxyxrh|}n }pv yx|}p}j yx~ jvjgzn}jr |}r{
|~v}jlg{. Rfv p yx|}p}j nivjr ~ynzkxtrsh, }x ui
uyxzni vj x~|s|nr ~ynzkxtrsf sjr vj ~qni gw
jy }xv sfmx.
●
Nx
jvxiwn}n gvj jsntfsr ujlrf{, yzgynr vj }x
zp|ruxyxrh|n}n nv}{ 48 zv, ns}{ nfv xr
yzxmrjlzjg{ }x~ sj}j|sn~j|}h nivjr mrjxzn}rsg{.
Yn}f }p zh|p, wjvjstni|}n nzup}rsf }x jsntfsr. `j
jvxrs}f jsntfsrj yx~ gx~v wjvjstni|nr nzup}rsf,
uyxzx
v vj ~tj}x
v |}pv sj}f~wp ugzr vj }j
zp|ruxyxrh|n}n.
●
czp|ruxyxrh|}n }p |}nlvh ujlrf yzrv }pv punzxupvij
thwp{ , mr}r p jyx}ntn|uj}rs}p}f }p{ unrvn}jr
|}jmrjsf un }pv yfzxmx }x~ zvx~.
●
Yyxzni}n vj kzni}n |}nlvh ujlrf, yx~ gnr
yjzj|sn~j|}ni nrmrsf lrj zh|p |n jz}xyxrp}g{. N~}h
p ujlrf qj m|nr nyi|p{ sjtf jyx}ntg|uj}j, nfv sjr
uyxzni vj znrj|}ni vj yzx|jzu|n}n }r{
|~vr|}unvn{ yx|}p}n{.
]zx|jzuxlh }v mrsv |j{
|~v}jlv lrj zh|p un }xv
jz}xyxrp}h
Nx
mxsruf|n}n xzr|ugvn{ jy }r{ |~v}jlg{ yx~
yjzgxv}jr, i|{ qnth|n}n vj yzx|jzu|n}n xzr|ugvn{
jy }r{ jljypugvn{ |j{ |~v}jlg{ lrj }r{ xyxin{ ugzr
|hunzj jvjunrlv
j}n sjr o~uvj}n }j ~trsf un }j gzrj.
[nsrvh|}n nyrtglxv}j{ uij jy }r{ |~v}jlg{ }x~ krktix~
yx~ uxrfonr un }p mrsh |j{ |~v}jlh sjr zp|ruxyxrh|}n
}pv { xmpl.
Qrjkf|}n yzx|ns}rsf }r{ yjzjsf} sj}n~q~v}hzrn{
xmplin{ sjr vj ni|}n yzxn}xruj|ugvxr vj sfvn}n
yzx|jzuxlg{ |}p |~v}jlh |j{ sjq{ }pv njzuon}n.
●
Onkjrqni}n }r zp|ruxyxrni}n }r{ ||}g{ yx|}p}n{
lrj }xv jz}xyxrp}h. Ypv ~ynzkjivn}n }p |~vr|}unvp
uglr|}p yx|}p}j. Rfv znrj|}ni, unr|}n }r{
yx|}p}n{ }p{ |~v}jlh{ |j{ |}n vj }jrzrfox~v un
}pv yx|}p}j jtn~zrx
sjr ~lzx
}v |~v}jlv }x~
jz}xyxrp}h.
●
]zx|qg}n}n yfv}j yz}x }x ~lz |}xv sfmx.
[nzi|}n }p ujlrf jy }x ~lz, yzx|qg}xv}j{ }pv
un}f }x jtn
zr.
●
Nv}rsj}j|}h|}n }p vyh ujlrf un |}nlvh ujlrf
n
sxtp{ jvfurwp{. _puni|p: 6 lz. vyh ujlrf = 1
sx~}jtfsr (5
ml
) |}nlvh ujlrf.
●
czp|ruxyxrh|}n vnz sjr jyxkx~}~zugvx lftj |n
|svp jv}i lrj zg|sx lftj, nfv yzsnr}jr vj
zp|ruxyxrh|n}n }p z
qur|p zxvxmrjsy}p
sjq~|}gzp|p{.
●
Rfv |}p mrsh |j{ |~v}jlh zp|ruxyxrni}n j~lf,
yzx|qg|}n }x j~l { ugzx{ }p{ |~vxtrsh{
yx|}p}j{ }x~ ~lzx
.
●
bzxv}i|}n p ujlrf vj yjzjugvnr zr|}f jy }j
~ytxryj ~trsf }x~ sfmx~ ugzr vj jzi|nr p jvfurwp.
177
Summary of Contents for BM450
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