CHAPTER 5: SETTINGS
GROUPED ELEMENTS
L60 LINE PHASE COMPARISON SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
5-225
5
Figure 5-121: Neutral directional voltage-polarized characteristics
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING
— This setting selects the polarizing mode for the directional unit.
•
If “Voltage” polarizing is selected, the element uses the zero-sequence voltage angle for polarization. The user can use
either the zero-sequence voltage V_0 calculated from the phase voltages, or the zero-sequence voltage supplied
externally as the auxiliary voltage V_X, both from the
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE
.
The calculated V_0 can be used as polarizing voltage only if the voltage transformers are connected in Wye. The
auxiliary voltage can be used as the polarizing voltage provided
SYSTEM SETUP
AC INPUTS
VOLTAGE BANK
AUXILIARY VT CONNECTION
is set to “Vn” and the auxiliary voltage is connected to a zero-sequence voltage source (such
as broken delta connected secondary of VTs).
The zero-sequence (V_0) or auxiliary voltage (V_X), accordingly, must be greater than the
VOLTAGE CUTOFF LEVEL
setting specified in the
PRODUCT SETUP
DISPLAY PROPERTIES
menu to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If
the polarizing signal is invalid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given.
•
If “Current” polarizing is selected, the element uses the ground current angle connected externally and configured
under
NEUTRAL OC1 SOURCE
for polarization. The ground CT must be connected between the ground and neutral point
of an adequate local source of ground current. The ground current must be greater than 0.05 pu to be validated as a
polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is not valid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given. In addition, the
zero-sequence current (I_0) must be greater than the
PRODUCT SETUP
DISPLAY PROPERTIES
CURRENT CUT-OFF
LEVEL
setting value.
For a choice of current polarizing, it is recommended that the polarizing signal be analyzed to ensure that a known
direction is maintained irrespective of the fault location. For example, if using an autotransformer neutral current as a
polarizing source, ensure that a reversal of the ground current does not occur for a high-side fault. Assume that the
low-side system impedance is minimal when checking for this condition. A similar situation arises for a wye/delta/wye
transformer, where current in one transformer winding neutral can reverse when faults on both sides of the
transformer are considered.
•
If “Dual” polarizing is selected, the element performs both directional comparisons as described. A given direction is
confirmed if either voltage or current comparators indicate so. If a conflicting (simultaneous forward and reverse)
indication occurs, the forward direction overrides the reverse direction.
•
If "Dual-V" polarizing is selected, "Voltage" polarizing is performed and "Current" polarizing is ignored if the voltage
polarizing signal is valid; otherwise "Current" polarizing is performed if the current polarizing signal is valid. If neither of
them is valid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given.
827805A1.CDR
V
AG
(reference)
V
BG
V
CG
–3I_0 line
3I_0 line
ECA line
–ECA line
LA
LA
LA
LA
ECA
FWD LA
line
FWD Operating
Region
RE
V
Operating
Region
FWD LA
line
RE
V
LA
line
RE
V
LA
line
–3
V
_0 line
3
V
_0 line
