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D-8

Understanding Drive Arrays

Writer: Pamela King Project: SMART-2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments: 295469-002

File Name: K-APPD.DOC Last Saved On: 2/27/98 12:06 PM

COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL - NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED

Data Guarding (RAID 4)

Data guarding, also called RAID 4, assures data reliability while using only a
small percentage of the logical drive storage capacity. A designated, single
drive contains parity data. If a drive fails, the controller uses the data on the
parity drive and the data on the remaining drives to reconstruct data from the
failed drive. This allows the system to continue operating with slightly
reduced performance until you replace the failed drive.

Data guarding requires a minimum of three drives (two data drives and one
parity drive) in an array and allows a maximum of 14 drives (13 data drives
and one parity drive). For example, in an array containing three physical
drives, data guarding uses only 33 percent of the total logical drive storage
capacity for fault tolerance. A 14-drive configuration (13 data drives, one
parity drive) uses only 7 percent.

PARITY

P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P

DATA

DATA

DATA

WAR2-052.AI, 9-2.EPS

P = Parity

Figure D-6.

Data Guarding Stores redundant data [P] on a separate drive

The SMART-2DH Array Controller supports RAID 4 for backward
compatibility. Because RAID 5 provides the same benefits with higher
performance, Compaq recommends using RAID 5 instead of RAID 4.

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Summary of Contents for 2500 - ProLiant - 64 MB RAM

Page 1: ...SMART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Second Edition March 1998 Part Number 295469 002 Compaq Computer Corporation ...

Page 2: ...ten consent from Compaq Computer Corporation 1998 Compaq Computer Corporation All rights reserved Printed in the U S A The software described in this guide is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement Compaq Deskpro Fastart Compaq Insight Manager Systempro Systempro LT ProLiant ROMPaq Qvision...

Page 3: ...tures Overview of Features 1 1 SMART 2DH Array Controller 1 2 Drive Arrays 1 3 Fault Tolerance 1 3 Capacity Expansion 1 4 Drive Movement 1 4 Wide Ultra SCSI Fast Wide SCSI 2 and Fast SCSI 2 1 5 Array Accelerator 1 5 Array Configuration Utility Features 1 7 Chapter 2 Guidelines for Making Changes to Current Installation Multiple SMART 2DH Controller Installation 2 1 Drive Considerations 2 2 Determi...

Page 4: ...figuration Diskettes 4 2 Running the System Configuration Utility 4 3 Configuring the Controller 4 4 Chapter 5 Running the Array Configuration Utility Before You Begin 5 2 Starting the Array Configuration Utility 5 2 Accessing Online 5 2 System Partition 5 3 SmartStart and Support Software CD 5 3 Array Configuration Utility Diskettes 5 3 Configuration Wizards 5 4 Online Help 5 5 Configuration Proc...

Page 5: ...6 6 Using the Compaq Drive Array Optimization Utility CPQDAOPT 6 7 Software Drive Mirroring with NetWare intraNetWare 6 10 Handling Disk Drive Failures 6 11 Microsoft Windows NT 6 19 Materials Needed 6 19 Creating the Windows NT SSD Diskettes 6 19 Additional Information 6 20 Installation Procedures 6 21 Updating the Compaq Insight Manager Agents 6 27 SCO OpenServer 5 6 28 Getting the Driver and In...

Page 6: ...ommand Line Switches 6 39 Important Information 6 41 Updating the Compaq Insight Manager Agents 6 41 Banyan VINES 6 0 or Later 6 42 Materials Needed 6 42 Creating the Peripheral Adapter Support Software Diskettes 6 42 Additional Information 6 43 Installing the Driver 6 43 Microsoft Windows 95 6 44 Getting the Driver and Installation Information 6 44 Materials Needed 6 44 Creating the Windows 95 Di...

Page 7: ... What is a Drive Array D 1 Drive Arrays D 3 Logical Drives D 4 Drive Array Benefits D 5 Data Protection D 5 Performance Enhancement D 11 Distributing Data and Data Striping D 11 Array Accelerator D 12 Concurrent I O Request Servicing D 14 Optimized Request Management D 14 Bus Master Data Transfers D 15 Expanding Storage Capacity D 15 Online Capacity Expansion D 17 Disk Drive Upgrades D 18 Other Fa...

Page 8: ...rray Accelerator Installation E 3 Array Accelerator Switch E 4 Appendix F Upgrading from the SMART SCSI Array Controller Appendix G Recovering from Drive Failure Recognizing a Drive Failure G 1 Fault Tolerance and Drive Failure G 2 A Non Fault Tolerant RAID 0 Logical Drive G 2 A RAID 1 Mirroring Logical Drive G 2 Spare Drives G 3 Replacing a Failed Drive G 3 Automatic Data Recovery G 4 Automatic D...

Page 9: ...inguish elements of text Keys Keys appear in boldface A plus sign between two keys indicates that they should be pressed simultaneously USER INPUT User input appears in a different typeface and in uppercase FILENAMES File names appear in uppercase italics Menu Options Command Names Dialog Box Names These appear in initial capital letters COMMANDS DIRECTORY NAMES and DRIVE NAMES These always appear...

Page 10: ...esents clarifying information or specific instructions NOTE Presents commentary sidelights or interesting points of information Symbols on Equipment These icons may be located on equipment in areas where hazardous conditions may exist Any surface or area of the equipment marked with these symbols indicates the presence of electrical shock hazards Enclosed area contains no operator serviceable part...

Page 11: ...reduce the risk of injury from electrical shock remove all power cords to completely disconnect power from the system Getting Help If you have a problem and have exhausted the information in this guide you can get further information and other help in the following locations Compaq Web Site The Compaq Web Site has information on this product as well as the latest drivers and Flash ROM images You c...

Page 12: ...s of the SMART 2DH Array Controller option board Support for RAID 0 1 4 and 5 fault tolerance options Online capacity expansion Supports Wide Ultra SCSI a 16 bit 20 MHz bus providing a 40 Mbytes sec data transfer rate Support for Wide Ultra SCSI Fast Wide SCSI 2 and Fast SCSI 2 hard drives Dual channels on a single board to support up to 14 drives 7 per channel Wide Ultra SCSI Fast SCSI 2 Wide SCS...

Page 13: ...ormance 32 bit bus with multiplexed address and data lines and includes a parity signal It provides a high speed up to 132 Megabytes sec path between the system board and the SMART 2DH Array Controller The SMART 2DH Array Controller is a PCI Bus Master device and conforms to Rev 2 0 or greater of the PCI Local Bus Specification DAZ1 1 EPS 1 2 3 Figure 1 1 SMART 2DH Array Controller Major component...

Page 14: ...o configure each set of hardware The Array Configuration Utility is used to help you configure the hardware in the way that best suits your needs CAUTION It is recommended that any time you move drive arrays or change your configuration you should back up data See Appendix D for more information on drive arrays See Chapter 5 Running the Array Configuration Utility for information on configuring yo...

Page 15: ...o change an existing data storage configuration This change usually involves adding drives to provide more storage space Using the Array Configuration Utility changing your storage configuration is easy even in fault tolerant configurations without requiring a data backup and restore cycle If you are using Microsoft Windows NT or Novell NetWare operating systems with hot pluggable drives storage e...

Page 16: ... between SCSI devices while still maintaining a 10 MHz bus rate Compaq Fast Wide SCSI 2 controllers and devices are able to communicate using Fast SCSI 2 protocol when required Therefore Fast SCSI 2 drives may also be used with SMART 2DH Array Controller using the appropriate cable adapter Array Accelerator The SMART 2DH Controller Array Accelerator provides a 16 MB onboard write cache The result ...

Page 17: ...n the board is first installed During server power up with discharged Array Accelerator batteries Power On Self Test POST displays the code 1794 indicating that the Array Accelerator is disabled This is not a problem that requires action on your part The Array Accelerator is automatically enabled when the batteries are charged to 90 of their capacity It may take up to 36 hours for the internal cir...

Page 18: ...ical configuration utility to help you set up and change drive array configurations This utility Provides a graphical view of Compaq drive array configurations Provides express or custom initial configuration Supports easy capacity expansion Supports RAID 0 1 4 and 5 fault tolerant configurations Helps optimize your array configuration with configuration Wizards Sets drive rebuild and capacity exp...

Page 19: ...llowing considerations apply Each SMART 2DH Controller has two independent SCSI channels each of which supports up to seven drives Each SCSI channel has its own set of unique SCSI IDs from 0 to 6 You must assign each peripheral on the bus a unique ID for that bus Since only one of the two SCSI ports is available on its external connector the other internal port must be brought out to an external c...

Page 20: ...05 GB Fast SCSI 2 2 1 GB Fast SCSI 2 2 1 GB Fast Wide SCSI 2 2 1 GB Wide Ultra SCSI 4 3 GB Fast SCSI 2 4 3 GB Fast Wide SCSI 2 4 3 GB Wide Ultra SCSI 9 1 GB Wide Ultra SCSI 9 1 GB Fast SCSI 2 18 2 GB Wide Ultra SCSI 3 Drives should be of the same capacity to provide the greatest storage space efficiency when grouped together into the same drive array Except on hot plug drives in ProLiant servers a...

Page 21: ...e storage capacity of an existing SMART 2DH array 2 Back up data Although data loss is not anticipated during a normal capacity expansion it is a good idea to back up all data in the array you will be expanding This backup may also be used to return to the original configuration if necessary 3 Add drives If you are using a server or storage system that does not support hot pluggable drives you wil...

Page 22: ...e backed up data into the same logical drive Your system automatically redistributes the data according to the new fault tolerance method Moving Drives Drives can be moved to alternate ID positions on the same array controller as long as their relative positions remain unchanged For information on moving arrays from one controller to another see the section in this chapter Moving Arrays Although d...

Page 23: ...order remains the same in this case think of drive IDs 0 and 1 on SCSI port 2 as IDs positions 7 and 8 SCSI cables cannot be interchanged if an array spans the two ports Original Configuration New Configuration ID6 c ID6 ID5 ID5 ID4 ID4 ID3 b ID3 ID2 ID2 c ID1 ID1 b ID0 a ID0 a Figure 2 1 Maintaining relative drive order while moving drives within or between arrays When the above conditions are me...

Page 24: ...data on the moved arrays could be lost To protect against data loss data should be backed up before moving an array If you have previously moved an array and plan to restore it to its original controller see the following section Restoring an Array to Its Original Controller Figure 2 2 shows an original distributed configuration with two controllers each having one array drive IDs 0 1 2 and 3 cons...

Page 25: ...ntroller 2 ID6 ID6 ID5 ID5 ID4 ID4 ID3 d ID3 ID2 c ID2 z ID1 b Array A ID1 y Array A ID0 a ID0 x Figure 2 2 Configuration with two arrays two controllers Controller 1 Controller 2 ID6 z ID6 ID5 y Array B ID5 ID4 x ID4 ID3 d ID3 ID2 c ID2 ID1 b Array A ID1 ID0 a ID0 Figure 2 3 Arrays consolidated to one controller To move an array make sure all required conditions are satisfied then 1 Power system ...

Page 26: ...ystem off immediately to avoid data loss and return the drives to their original locations NOTE If you move arrays from a dual channel controller to a single channel controller you may get an error message indicating a configuration error If you get this error message Return to the previous dual channel controller configuration Back up data on the array Move the drives to the single channel contro...

Page 27: ... event of controller failure Figure 2 4 shows the consolidated configuration that includes Array A with drive IDs 0 through 3 and Array B with drive IDs 4 5 and 6 Moving Array B back to Controller 2 creates an interim four array state with Array B on Controller 1 and Array A on Controller 2 appearing as failed Running Array Configuration Utility removes the failed arrays and restores the original ...

Page 28: ...ys on separate controllers To restore an array to its original controller make sure the conditions for moving drives are met Then IMPORTANT These steps must be followed EXACTLY Any deviation or mistake could result in the loss of all data across all moved arrays 1 Power system OFF 2 Move the array back to its original controller but retain its drive position as it was in the consolidated configura...

Page 29: ...to be sure that the server can utilize all the capabilities of the SMART 2DH Array Controller Option ROMPaq for updating the onboard ROM on all Compaq options that support flashing Use Option ROMPaq when new versions of the SMART 2DH Array Controller firmware or SCSI drive firmware become available to take advantage of expanded capabilities IMPORTANT Before you install the new SMART 2DH Array Cont...

Page 30: ...our server Access to a server or workstation with a bootable CD ROM drive This may be the system in which you are installing the SMART 2DH Controller Creating Diskettes To create ROMPaq diskettes 1 Boot the server from the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD 2 From the Compaq System Utilities screen select Create Support Software 3 From the Diskette Builder screen scroll down the list and se...

Page 31: ... If you are replacing an existing array controller such as the Compaq SMART Array Controller with the SMART 2DH Controller the system may not boot after hardware installation It may not boot if the old array controller was the primary controller containing the boot disk To avoid this problem when replacing an existing array controller with a SMART 2DH Controller you should run System ROMPaq before...

Page 32: ...ting the ROM reprogramming will leave the firmware in an unknown state You may not be able to boot the server if this happens You will be notified that reprogramming is completed 8 When ROMPaq is finished reprogramming the system ROM press Esc to exit the System ROMPaq Utility 9 Remove the System ROMPaq diskette and reboot the server by cycling the power cold boot If you have not yet installed you...

Page 33: ... floppy drive 2 Boot the server by turning on the power 3 Press Enter at the Welcome screen 4 At the Select A Device screen select ALL COMPAQ SMART 2DH Controller s from the list of programmable devices Press Enter 5 If the ROM firmware in the SMART 2DH Controller is the same or newer than that on the Option ROMPaq diskette you will get the message The ROM image files found for the device selected...

Page 34: ...ION Do not interrupt this cycle Interrupting the ROM reprogramming will leave the firmware in an unknown state If this happens you may not be able to reprogram the ROM and the SMART 2DH Controller ROM may have to be replaced You will be notified that reprogramming is completed 8 When Option ROMPaq is finished reprogramming the SMART 2DH Controller ROM press Enter if you wish to reprogram another C...

Page 35: ...h as memory port addresses and interrupts IRQs Manages the installation of memory processor upgrades and mass storage devices such as hard drives tape drives and diskette drives Sets and stores power on features like date and time Stores configuration information in nonvolatile memory Assists in the installation of the operating system Assists in running diagnostic tools such as TEST and INSPECT S...

Page 36: ...he Compaq System Configuration Utility can be created from the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD that was supplied in the SMART 2DH Controller Option Kit Materials Needed You will need the following items to create Compaq System Configuration Utility diskettes Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD supplied in the SMART 2DH Controller Option Kit At least four blank diskettes Access to a...

Page 37: ...rs were detected in option slots and a recommendation to run the System Configuration Utility 4 If prompted press F1 to resume booting 5 If you are using the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD select Run the System Configuration Utility from the main menu screen 6 If you are given a choice of Auto Configuration choose Yes 7 The system loads configuration files for all detected devices 8 In ...

Page 38: ...s SMART 2DH Controller to be recognized All hard disk controllers including the integrated controller on the system board must be assigned a unique order number First The primary disk controller that contains the boot disk The first disk drive on this controller is the one that the server will boot from Second The second disk controller Fifteenth The fifteenth disk controller When installing a SMA...

Page 39: ...oller at the end of the controller order and do not create a primary partition on any of the added disks Online Recovery Server Status This function indicates whether the SMART 2DH Controller is able to participate in Online Recovery and is available only in Advanced Features Ctrl A at the main menu Select Disabled Online recovery is disabled Primary SMART 2DH Controller manages the local storage ...

Page 40: ...e Array Accelerator board a Modifying the PCI Memory Overlay Setting No Overlay Select this to not use the overlaying feature Overlay 32 MB Select this if your controller has a 4 MB Array Accelerator board to reduce the amount of consumed physical memory to 32 MB regardless of the number of SMART 2 Array Controllers installed Overlay 128 MB Select this if your controller has a 16 MB Array Accelera...

Page 41: ...own in the View or Edit Details screen as described in Step 11 above 3 Press F10 when finished editing the View or Edit Details screen 4 Select Step 5 Save and Exit on the Steps in Configuring Your Computer screen 5 Choose Save The Configuration and restart the computer on the Save and Exit screen 6 Press Enter at the Reboot screen 7 Remove the CD or System Configuration diskette and verify that t...

Page 42: ... Utility Configuration Wizards Online Help Configuration Procedures Array Configuration Utility screens Errors and Warnings The Array Configuration Utility which is located on the SmartStart and Support Software CD is a graphics based application that helps you configure the Compaq SMART 2DH Array Controller You can use the Array Configuration Utility to configure the SMART 2DH Array Controller in...

Page 43: ...Decide which fault tolerance method and array configuration you want to use Starting the Array Configuration Utility You can access and start version 1 10 of the Array Configuration Utility in the following ways online system partition SmartStart and Support Software CD and diskettes Accessing Online If the server you are configuring is running under Windows NT or NetWare you can install and run t...

Page 44: ...should already be installed on the system partition 1 Power off then power on the server 2 When the cursor is in the upper right hand corner of the screen press 10 3 Navigate through the menus to the Array Configuration Utility program SmartStart and Support Software CD You can run the Array Configuration Utility directly from the SmartStart and Support Software CD 1 Insert the SmartStart and Supp...

Page 45: ...r Pamela King Project SMART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name F CH05 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 11 38 AM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED 2 From the Compaq System Utilities screen select Create Support Software ...

Page 46: ...ntroller board and its drive arrays If the arrays are unconfigured or if the configuration is less than optimal the configuration wizard takes over to guide you through the configuration process The configuration wizard recognizes the following conditions Unconfigured controller When the Array Configuration Utility detects an unconfigured controller the configuration wizard takes you through the c...

Page 47: ... leads you through the process If you want to bypass the wizard use the following procedures to create your array Creating a New Array Procedure Creating a new array involves the following general steps 1 Choose a controller for the array 2 Group physical drives of the same size into an array 3 Subdivide the array into one or more logical drives The following example illustrates using the Array Co...

Page 48: ...ence Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name F CH05 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 11 38 AM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED The fault tolerance method for all logical drives on Array A is RAID 5 Distributed Data Guarding The fault tolerance method for all logical drives on Array B is RAID 1 Drive Mirroring ...

Page 49: ...QUIRED Choose a controller for the array 1 In the Array Configuration Utility Main Configuration Screen select the Controller Select box You can also select Controller Select from the main menu 2 Select one of the listed controllers Figure 5 1 Controller Select list 3 Click the Controller Settings button shown in Figure 5 2 Figure 5 2 Controller buttons The controller settings screen is displayed ...

Page 50: ...ject SMART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name F CH05 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 11 38 AM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED 4 Select the correct operating system on the controller settings screen Figure 5 3 Controller Settings screen ...

Page 51: ...The Create Array screen is displayed Figure 5 4 Create Array screen NOTE Always group physical drives of the same size The SMART 2DH Array Controller treats all the drives as the same size as the smallest drive in the same array If you mix drive sizes the capacity of the larger drives is wasted 6 Select the three drives you want to make up the array from the drives on the left For this example sel...

Page 52: ...COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED 7 Select the drive at Port 1 SCSI ID 3 and click the Assign Spare to Array button The right side of the Create Array screen should now look similar to the following figure Figure 5 5 Example Array A NOTE The same spare drive may be assigned to multiple arrays However spare drives should have the same or larger capacity than the drives in the array ...

Page 53: ... area should now look similar to the following figure Figure 5 6 Example Array Logical Configuration View with 1 Array 9 Select the controller then click the Create Array button to create Array B 10 Assign both 4 3 GB drives to the array Click the Done button NOTE In this example each array was created using drives from the same SCSI Port You can achieve better performance by selecting drives from...

Page 54: ... 1 Select Array A or the Unused Space icon under Array A in the Logical Configuration View 2 Click the Create Logical Drive button A screen similar to the following figure is displayed Figure 5 7 Create Logical Drive screen 3 In the upper left area of this screen click the Distributed Data Guarding RAID 5 button 4 Click the Array Accelerator Enable button 5 The Logical Drive Size area shows a grap...

Page 55: ...DENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED 6 Click the Done button 7 Select Array B or the Unused Space icon under Array B in the Logical Configuration View 8 Repeat steps 12 through 16 to create a single logical drive on Array B this time selecting RAID 1 fault tolerance 9 The Configuration View screen should now look like the following figure Figure 5 8 Example array Configuration View screen with two arrays...

Page 56: ...ion wizard leads you through the steps of adding the drive NOTE You cannot use the Capacity Expansion feature if the disk controller is configured for use with the Recovery Server option In order to expand an array when the controller is configured for the Recovery Server option 1 Use the System Configuration Utility to turn off the Recovery Server feature 2 Enter the Array Configuration Utility a...

Page 57: ...milar to the previous example except that the fourth 1 05 GB drive was added later Now you want to expand Array A to include the fourth drive This scenario is shown in the following figure with a single 1 05 GB drive unassigned Figure 5 9 Array expansion example Configuration View screen To expand the capacity of Array A and create logical drive 2 complete the following steps 1 Select Array A 2 Cl...

Page 58: ...ton 7 Set the fault tolerance array accelerator and size for logical drive 2 8 Click the Next button 9 Click the Done button 10 At the main screen select Controller Save This will save the new settings for logical drive 2 and start the capacity expansion process NOTE Logical drive 2 will not be accessible until the capacity expansion process has completed on logical drive 1 CAUTION In case of powe...

Page 59: ...ns Main Configuration Screen The main configuration screen is the first screen displayed after the configuration wizard has been completed As you select certain items some areas are highlighted while others appear gray You cannot select grayed out areas until you select an item in the list box providing that option Figure 5 11 Main Configuration screen Elements of the Main Configuration screen are...

Page 60: ... lets you to delete or change logical drives assign physical drives to arrays and create online spares View lets you to switch between the Physical Drive View or the Logical Drive View in the list box Help lets you to select the help contents search and other online help Controller Selection Box The Controller Selection box is located in the top left corner of the main configuration screen When yo...

Page 61: ...ew list box provides a graphical representation of all the drives and arrays associated with the selected controller Located next to each controller icon is the name of the controller and the slot in which it is installed For each controller the drive arrays logical drives and physical drives associated with that controller are listed Use the Drive View buttons located below the Logical Configurat...

Page 62: ...this feature to identify a specific physical drive i e the spare or to identify the external drives attached to a controller This feature works with firmware versions 1 50 or greater More Information Button The More Information button shown in Figure 5 14 is located at the bottom right side of the screen Click this button to display a list of all the controller drive and array configuration detail...

Page 63: ...ings Screen later in this chapter Click the Create Array button to display the Create Array screen see the section titled Create Array Screen later in this chapter Array Buttons The Array box is located on the right side of the screen under the Controller box It becomes active after you select an array in the View Configuration list box Figure 5 16 Array buttons Logical Drive Buttons This box is l...

Page 64: ...take precedence over handling requests from the operating system Select Low if the controller should rebuild data only when it is idle The Expand Priority affects when the controller moves data after you have chosen to expand the capacity of an array Select High if expanding the array capacity should take precedence over handling requests from the operating system Select Low if the controller shou...

Page 65: ...ion Utility Writer Pamela King Project SMART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name F CH05 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 11 38 AM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED Figure 5 18 Controller Settings screen ...

Page 66: ...he drives To create an array select the drives to be part of the array then click the Assign Drive to Array button To assign a spare select the drive to be the spare and then click the Assign Spare to Array button Always group physical drives of the same size If you mix drive sizes the SMART 2DH Array Controller treats all the drives as the same size as the smallest drive in the array This results...

Page 67: ...s not allow you to create a logical drive larger than the maximum supported by the operating system The purple left band above the scale indicates the fraction of the total that is available for data The red right band indicates the fraction required for storing the parity or mirrored information depending on the fault tolerance method used The red right band is only needed for RAID 1 RAID 4 or RA...

Page 68: ...y the software checks each controller to detect errors in its configuration If a problem is found the Array Configuration Utility displays an error or warning message that describes the problem Error and warning messages include instructions to correct configurations If a warning message indicates Internal Error Has Occurred and cites an error code number the problem requires assistance from Compa...

Page 69: ...rating systems If you are setting up a new system we encourage you to use SmartStart supplied with the server to install both the operating system software and the device drivers for the SMART 2DH Array Controller NOTE If you install the operating system software from the SmartStart and Support Software CD all of the software including device drivers will be automatically installed and configured ...

Page 70: ...ter Pamela King Project SMART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name G CH06 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 01 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED Used the Array Configuration Utility to configure your drive array s ...

Page 71: ...2DH Controller driver on your server Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD supplied in the SMART 2DH Array Controller Option Kit Up to four blank diskettes Any server or workstation with a bootable CD ROM drive Creating Novell SSD Diskettes Two NetWare intraNetWare drivers for the SMART 2DH Array Controller CPQDA386 DSK v 3 10 or later and CPQARRAY HAM are located on the Compaq SmartStart and ...

Page 72: ...driver for the SMART 2DH Controller We recommend you create all disks to obtain the support documentation Follow the instructions on the screen to create the Novell SSD diskette s Additional Information Novell SSD Disk 2 contains the latest information about using Compaq options in a NetWare intraNetWare environment including the driver installation procedure Locate and read this procedure If the ...

Page 73: ...traNetWare server files are located usually drive c copy A drv_arry cpqda386 dsk C nwserver 3 Edit the STARTUP NCF file so that the driver loads automatically at system startup With any DOS editor add the following line load cpqda386 4 Refer to NetWare intraNetWare installation documentation for information about installing and mounting volumes associated with your new disk subsystem Driver instal...

Page 74: ...g Compaq Insight Manager you will need to update the Insight Agents to support the new SMART 2DH Controller If you used SmartStart 3 40 or later to install the operating system on a new SMART 2DH Controller installation or upgrade your driver in an existing installation the agents were automatically updated for you by SmartStart You will not have to manually update the agents If you did not use Sm...

Page 75: ... NetWare volumes or partitions If you selected a fault tolerance option such as mirroring or distributed data guarding when using the Compaq System Configuration Utility do not select mirroring while using INSTALL NLM The fault tolerance capabilities of the SMART 2DH Controller provide performance improvements and automatic data recovery features Novell recommends that you create volumes with a 64...

Page 76: ...u installed NetWare intraNetWare using SmartStart it is not necessary to run this utility Using CPQDAOPT On New NetWare intraNetWare Servers Before you load CPQDAOPT on your new NetWare intraNetWare server make sure you have followed the instructions for installing NetWare intraNetWare from CD found in the INSTALL RDM file on Novell SSD Disk 1 NOTE Back up existing data before applying new setting...

Page 77: ... may instruct you to create a small DOS partition on the device If so a Exit from NetWare intraNetWare before creating the partition b Use the DOS FDISK utility to create the smallest DOS partition allowed c Start the server and load CPQDAOPT NLM again 9 Use the Alt Esc keys to return to the NetWare intraNetWare installation process and select the option to create disk partitions Use the formula r...

Page 78: ...e the alignment of data on the selected device If so it provides a formula for determining the size of the Hot Fix Redirection Area you should select when creating this partition Make a note of the formula even odd and so on 4 In some cases it may not be possible to optimally align the data on the partition by sizing the Hot Fix Redirection Area alone CPQDAOPT may instruct you to create a small DO...

Page 79: ...provided by CPQDAOPT c Recreate your volume s d Restore your data Software Drive Mirroring with NetWare intraNetWare If you use drive mirroring fault tolerance be aware that NetWare intraNetWare recognizes each logical drive in an array as a separate physical drive If you mirror logical drives on the same array and a physical drive fails both logical drives in the mirrored pair will fail and your ...

Page 80: ...s in case of catastrophic failure If you discover a failed drive perform the following steps Identify and document which physical drive has failed Note the drive type and capacity Note which partition and volume if any has failed This information is provided in the error message on the server console It is also recorded in the server error log file which may be viewed using the SYSCON utility intr...

Page 81: ...OS partition used to boot your server you will not be able to restart the server once it has been powered off Schedule maintenance time as soon as possible and complete the following 1 Power down your server 2 Replace the failed drive 3 Reboot the system with the Compaq System Configuration Utility diskette 4 Select the option to install a System Partition on your DOS boot device This partition sh...

Page 82: ...are intraNetWare server You may need to recreate your STARTUP NCF file Recovering Drives Configured for Hardware Fault Tolerance If you configure your SMART 2DH Array Controller with hardware fault tolerance complete the following steps after a disk drive failure 1 Determine which physical drive failed On hot pluggable drives in a ProLiant server or storage system this is done by observing the amb...

Page 83: ...no fault tolerance for the drives connected to your SMART 2DH Controller and have configured NetWare intraNetWare mirroring or NetWare intraNetWare controller duplexing use the following procedure to recover the data after a drive failure 1 Identify the failed physical drive that caused the NetWare intraNetWare device to be deactivated due to drive failure Record the device number and device name ...

Page 84: ...he connection was successful The Online LED will turn green indicating that the controller has recognized and successfully initialized the replacement drive If the Online LED does not light after a few minutes verify that you added the new drive in the same slot as the failed drive and that the drive capacity is the same as the failed drive it is replacing 7 Activate the replaced device Use MONITO...

Page 85: ...ONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED NOTE Although the logical drive may have a valid partition table the data on this logical drive is NO LONGER VALID Some data may appear valid because the failed physical drive was only a portion of the arrayed logical drive However there is a hole in the logical drive data at this point Delete any old invalid data and recreate a new partition on the logical drive ...

Page 86: ...oceed with deleting the partition table 11 Using the INSTALL NLM Disk Options menu select the Partition Tables Option In the INSTALL NLM Available Disk Drives menu select the previously failed logical drive which has now been repaired The device information should have been recorded in step 1 above For example Device 1 47000 Slot 1 Dsk 1 NFT Select the Delete Partition option INSTALL may show seve...

Page 87: ...cal drive that caused the logical drive to be deactivated due to drive failure Record the device number and device name of the failed logical drive For example Device 1 47000 Slot 1 Dsk 1 NFT The failure messages are recorded on the server console They are also recorded in the server error log file which may be viewed using the SYSCON utility NetWare 3 12 or the NWADMIN utility intraNetWare This i...

Page 88: ...ure the drive in the bay the LEDs on the drive will all light once in an alternating pattern to indicate that the connection was successful The Online LED will turn green indicating that the controller has recognized and successfully initialized the replacement drive If the Online LED does not light after a few minutes verify that you added the new drive in the same slot as the failed drive and th...

Page 89: ...iver should reactivate the failed logical drive A console alert will be sent by the driver if attempts to reactivate the failed logical drive are successful In the INSTALL NLM Available Disk Drives menu select the previously failed logical drive which has now been repaired The device information should have been recorded in step 1 above For example Device 1 47000 Slot 1 Dsk 1 NFT Select the Delete...

Page 90: ...line to initially set up at least one array After that the utility can be used online to change the array configuration Materials Needed You will need the following items to manually install the SMART 2DH Controller Windows NT driver on your server Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD supplied in the SMART 2DH Array Controller Option Kit Blank diskettes Access to a server or workstation with ...

Page 91: ... latest information about Windows NT including the driver installation procedure We encourage you to review this information and where different from the instructions shown here use the instructions provided in NTREADME HLP on the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD via the Windows NT SSD diskettes that was supplied with your SMART 2DH Controller To read the NTREADME HLP WinHelp file you wil...

Page 92: ...installation method The standard Windows NT device driver installation methods Although both are outlined in this chapter we recommend the Windows NT SSD Setup program installation method Windows NT SSD Setup Program Installation Method The Windows NT SSD Setup program installation method refers to device drivers that can be installed via the Setup program located on the Windows NT Support Softwar...

Page 93: ...ter Pamela King Project SMART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name G CH06 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 01 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED 3 From the Program Manager select File Run 4 Enter the following A setup ...

Page 94: ...but will not be highlighted Highlight the driver 6 After highlighting all the drivers you wish to install select Continue Setup will install the selected drivers or prompt you for more information to install remove or update a driver 7 Select Continue In the SCSI Adapter Setup window select Add A Setup dialog box ask you to confirm the addition of a SCSI controller adapter Select OK 8 Scroll throu...

Page 95: ...r NT 4 0 To install the driver after Windows NT has already been installed see the section Installing the SMART 2DH Controller Driver after Windows NT Installation 1 Begin the Windows NT 3 51 or NT 4 0 installation process 2 When prompted to do either an Express or a Custom installation select Custom 3 When prompted to let Setup detect mass storage devices or to manually select them press S to ski...

Page 96: ...on program will copy the appropriate driver and configure the system to use this driver 1 Start Windows NT 3 51 or NT 4 0 and log in to an account with administrative privileges 2 Insert the Windows NT SSD diskettes one at a time into the diskette drive 3 From the Program Manager select File Run 4 Enter the following A setup 5 The Setup program presents a list of drivers that can be installed Sele...

Page 97: ...adding the driver With the new Compaq Support Software Diskette for Windows NT Setup program you no longer have to perform the Remove Add steps You can simply update the driver by following these steps 1 Start Windows NT and log in to an account with administrative privileges 2 Insert the Windows SSD diskette Diskette 1 into the diskette drive 3 Start Setup by entering A setup where A is the lette...

Page 98: ...ot to boot 1 Start Windows NT and log in to an account with administrative privileges 2 Insert the Windows SSD diskette Diskette 1 into the diskette drive 3 Start Setup by entering A setup where A is the letter of the diskette drive 4 Select Custom Setup NOTE The Compaq Array Driver will only be displayed in the Custom Setup menu if the Array driver is detected It will only be displayed in the Exp...

Page 99: ...erating system on a new SMART 2DH Controller installation or upgrade your driver in an existing installation the agents were automatically updated for you by SmartStart you will not have to manually update the agents If you did not use SmartStart 3 40 or later as part of your SMART 2DH Controller installation you must manually update the Insight Agents The correct agents can be obtained from your ...

Page 100: ...m SmartStart is supplied with the server or may be obtained from your local Compaq Reseller or Authorized Compaq Service Provider Getting the Driver and Installation Information The latest drivers and support files for SCO OpenServer 5 and information about installing the driver are on the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD supplied with the SMART 2DH Array Controller Option Kit To access t...

Page 101: ...en to create and label the diskettes 6 At the SCO Products screen again select SCO Installation Notes for Compaq Servers 7 Follow the instructions on the screen to create and label the diskettes Accessing the Information Driver installation procedures for SCO OpenServer 5 from Compaq and SCO OpenServer 5 non Compaq are different Choose the correct procedure below Servers Running Compaq SCO OpenSer...

Page 102: ... the Insight Agents for this monitoring utility for support of the new SMART 2DH Array Controller If you used SmartStart 3 40 or later to install the operating system on a new SMART 2DH Controller installation or upgrade your driver in an existing installation the agents were automatically updated for you by SmartStart you will not have to manually update the agents The agents included in SmartSta...

Page 103: ...ART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name G CH06 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 01 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED Installation of the Compaq SMART 2DH Array Controller is now complete Reboot the server to begin using the array controller ...

Page 104: ...need to create the EFS diskettes Getting the Driver and Installation Information The latest drivers and support files for SCO UnixWare and information about installing the driver are located on the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD supplied with the SMART 2DH Controller Option Kit To access these files you will need to create a set of Compaq EFS for SCO UnixWare 2 1 diskettes from the Comp...

Page 105: ...tte drive of a server or PC 2 Reboot the system 3 Select the file named README HBA to view or print 4 Follow the instructions in this file to install the SMART 2DH Controller driver in an existing UnixWare server Updating the Compaq Insight Manager Agents If you are using Compaq Insight Manager you will need to update the Insight Agents for this monitoring utility for support of the new SMART 2DH ...

Page 106: ...tStart 3 40 or later as part of your SMART 2DH Controller installation you must manually update the Insight Agents The correct agents can be obtained from your local Compaq Reseller or Authorized Compaq Service Provider Refer to the documentation included with Compaq Insight Manager for the correct procedure for updating agents Installation of the Compaq SMART 2DH Array Controller is now complete ...

Page 107: ...oller Option Kit One blank diskette Access to a server or workstation with a bootable CD ROM drive This may be the system in which you are installing the SMART 2DH Controller Creating an SSD Diskette The OS 2 driver for the SMART 2DH Controller is located on the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD that was supplied in the SMART 2DH Array Controller Option Kit To gain access to the driver you...

Page 108: ...included on the OS 2 SSD diskette Locate and read this procedure If the procedure differs from that shown here use the one on the SSD diskette To read the Readme files you will need a server with a DOS partition or a PC running DOS or Windows 1 Place the OS 2 SSD diskette in the floppy drive 2 From the DOS prompt type A readme or From the File pull down menu in Windows Program Manager select Run a...

Page 109: ...or instance if you wanted to boot from a drive attached to the integrated SCSI controller you must manually change the CONFIG SYS file before you reboot the server Edit the CONFIG SYS file to reorder the BASEDEV CPQARRAY ADD statement so that it appears after the BASEDEV statement corresponding to the boot driver 4 Save the updated CONFIG SYS file and exit the editor 5 Perform a normal system shut...

Page 110: ...tility Follow them carefully when configuring the system 1 All Compaq array controllers should be in consecutive order as a group If booting from a Compaq SMART 2DH Array Controller the statement BASEDEV CPQARRAY ADD must be present 2 If a Compaq IAES Controller is the only other controller installed in the system since it cannot be primary the system must boot from the Compaq SMART 2DH Array Cont...

Page 111: ... be present when booting from a SMART 2DH Controller the Compaq IAES is not a bootable device If a SMART 2DH Controller is the primary disk controller edit the CONFIG SYS file and make sure the BASEDEV CPQARRAY ADD entry in the file is the first BASEDEV entry present This will guarantee that the CPQARRAY ADD driver will be the first ADD driver loaded and thus cause OS 2 to assign the first hard dr...

Page 112: ...dify the performance characteristics of the driver when using a SMART 2DH Controller Under heavy disk utilization this command switch will allow greater performance based on the number associated with the memory blocks parameter The larger the memory blocks parameter the better the performance under heavy disk utilization Be aware that when you increase this parameter the CPQARRAY ADD driver will ...

Page 113: ...ogical drive count and the geometry information for each logical drive Example BASEDEV CPQARRAY ADD V 3 A adapter index unit parameters This is a standard command line switch which will cause the driver to modify its behavior towards adapters adapter index The adapter index is a number used to identify a controller The index is based on 0 for the lowest controller order number associated with the ...

Page 114: ...2 2 x system and you want an intraNetWare NLM to control adapter 2 instead of the ADD driver The following statement would prevent the ADD driver from claiming adapter 2 BASEDEV CPQARRAY ADD A 2 I Important Information The driver MUST be loaded by a BASEDEV statement in the CONFIG SYS file This statement is automatically inserted by the ADDARRAY CMD installation procedure Updating the Compaq Insig...

Page 115: ...artStart 3 40 or later as part of your SMART 2DH Controller installation you must manually update the Insight Agents The correct agents can be obtained from your local Compaq Reseller or Authorized Compaq Service Provider Refer to the documentation included with Compaq Insight Manager for the correct procedure for updating agents Installation of the Compaq SMART 2DH Array Controller is now complet...

Page 116: ...ve This may be the system in which you are installing the SMART 2DH Controller Creating the Peripheral Adapter Support Software Diskettes The Banyan VINES 6 x and 7 x driver with installation procedures and other information for the SMART 2DH Controller is located on the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD supplied in the SMART 2DH Array Controller Option Kit To access the driver you will fi...

Page 117: ...is a bootable DOS documentation diskette The README SSD file on this diskette contains a short description of the drivers a single Compaq driver supports the SMART 2 series of controllers and includes a procedure for installing the SMART 2DH Controller driver To access this file follow the instructions on the diskette label Installing the Driver To install the SMART 2DH Controller driver follow th...

Page 118: ...set the Interrupt Selection for all SMART 2DH Controller boards to Enabled Getting the Driver and Installation Information The instructions in this section can be used to retrieve the latest driver and information necessary to install the initial driver for a new SMART 2DH Array Controller installation or to upgrade the driver in an existing Windows 95 server SMART 2DH Controller system The latest...

Page 119: ...D only 4 Scroll down the list and select Compaq Support Software for Windows 95 5 Follow the instructions on the screen to create and label diskettes Installing the SMART 2DH Array Controller with Windows 95 Use these basic steps to install a SMART 2DH Controller in a Windows 95 server to operate in either the SMART 2 Controller mode or the Interrupt 13h BIOS support mode SMART 2 Controller Mode T...

Page 120: ... 295469 002 File Name G CH06 DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 01 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED For best performance set the Interrupt Selection for all SMART 2DH Controller boards to Enabled 4 Configure your drive array with Array Configuration Utility Be sure to select Windows 95 as the primary operating system ...

Page 121: ...boot the server for the new settings to take affect NOTE To install SMART 2DH Controller as a primary controller you must have the additional SMRT SYS driver in CONFIG SYS before booting Refer to the README TXT file on the Windows 95 diskettes Interrupt 13h BIOS Support Interrupt 13h BIOS support in the SMART 2DH Controller Option ROM provides support for up to eight logical drives total on multip...

Page 122: ... Second Set the Controller Order of other drive controller types if any higher than all SMART 2DH Controller boards Set the Option ROM to Enabled SMART 2DH E Controller only for one SMART 2DH Controller only This parameter is always enabled for SMART 2DH Controller boards and is not available for change For best performance set the Interrupt Selection for all SMART 2DH Controller boards to Enabled...

Page 123: ...other static sensitive devices This type of damage may reduce the life expectancy of the device Preventing Electrostatic Damage To prevent electrostatic damage observe the following precautions Avoid hand contact by transporting and storing parts in static safe containers Keep electrostatic sensitive parts in their containers until they arrive at static free work stations Place parts on a grounded...

Page 124: ... flexible straps with a minimum of 1 megohm 10 percent resistance in the ground cords Use heel straps toe straps or bootstraps at standing workstations Wear the straps on both feet when standing on conductive floors or dissipating floor mats Use conductive field service tools Use a portable field service kit with a folding static dissipating work mat If you do not have any of the suggested equipme...

Page 125: ...ternational Height 3 9 in 9 9 cm Length 13 75 in 34 9 cm Thickness including Array Accelerator 0 60 in 1 5 cm Total Weight including Array Accelerator N A N A Temperature Range Operating 50 to 95 F 10 to 35 C Shipping 22 to 140 F 30 to 60 C Relative Humidity non condensing Operating 20 to 80 20 to 80 Non operating 5 to 90 5 to 90 Power Required 5V 2 6 amps 12V 20 ma 12V 20 ma Heat Dissipated maxim...

Page 126: ...MART 2DH Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name I APPB DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 02 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED SCSI Port Connectors internal and external 68 pin Wide Ultra SCSI Fast Wide SCSI 2 Wide SCSI ...

Page 127: ...ts Figure B 1 and Table B 3 identifies the pin assignments of the 68 pin internal and external Wide SCSI connectors 1 34 35 68 EXTSCSI AI A 6 EPS Figure B 1 Wide SCSI Connector Table B 2 68 Pin Wide SCSI Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 N C 35 DB12 2 Ground 36 DB13 3 Ground 37 DB14 4 Ground 38 DB15 5 Ground 39 DB Parity 2 6 Ground 40 DB0 7 Ground 41 DB1 8 Ground 42 DB2 9 Ground 43...

Page 128: ...nued Pin Signal Pin Signal 13 Ground 47 DB7 14 Ground 48 DB Parity 15 Ground 49 Ground 16 Ground 50 Ground 17 TERMPWR 51 TERMPWR 18 TERMPWR 52 TERMPWR 19 N C 53 Int_Out 20 Ground 54 Ground 21 Ground 55 ATN 22 Ground 56 Ground 23 Ground 57 BSY 24 Ground 58 ACK 25 Ground 59 RESET 26 Ground 60 MSG 27 Ground 61 SEL 28 Ground 62 C D 29 Ground 63 REQ 30 Ground 64 I O 31 Ground 65 DB8 32 Ground 66 DB9 33...

Page 129: ...dix C Things You Should Know Option Kit Contents 2 6 3 1 7 5 4 Figure C 1 SMART 2DH Controller Option Kit SMART 2DH Controller Option Kit Contents SMART 2DH Controller Flat Connector Panel for PN 295244 001 Rack Mountable Servers Option Kit PN 295242 B21 Option Slot Connector Panel Internal External SCSI cable Connector Panel P N 199595 002 SCSI Cable Adapter Compaq SmartStart and Support Software...

Page 130: ...ld not contain bus termination SCSI IDs The SMART 2DH Controller contains two SCSI buses ports each of which supports up to seven drives The internal and external connectors reside on separate SCSI buses peripherals attached to either connector must have a unique SCSI ID in the range of 0 to 6 SCSI IDs on all peripherals are set manually with switches or jumpers on the device itself or set automat...

Page 131: ...Service Provider SCSI Cable Connectors To help identify the SCSI cables required for SMART 2DH Controller installation in the various configurations of Compaq servers refer to the illustration below Keep in mind these characteristics of SCSI cables External SCSI cables have a round wire with securable connectors Internal SCSI cables have a flat ribbon wire with push on connectors Compaq SCSI cable...

Page 132: ...PPC DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 03 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED External Wide Ultra SCSI Fast Wide SCSI 2 Wide SCSI 68 Pin Internal Wide Ultra SCSI Fast Wide SCSI 2 Wide SCSI 68 Pin External Fast SCSI 2 Standard SCSI 50 Pin Internal Fast SCSI 2 Standard SCSI 50 Pin Key Figure C 2 Identifying SCSI Cable Connectors ...

Page 133: ...ing to from other Controllers To SMART 1 SMART 2 E SMART 2 P SMART 2SL SMART 2DH From SMART 1 X X X X X SMART 2 E BU Restore X X X X SMART 2 P BU Restore X X X X SMART 2SL BU Restore FW Upgrade FW Upgrade X X SMART 2DH BU Restore FW Upgrade FW Upgrade X X Legend X No action required Recommended back up of data prior to migrating to another controller BU Restore Mandatory data back up and restore t...

Page 134: ...or configuration What is a Drive Array A drive array is simply a collection of hard disk drives or physical drives that are grouped together to create an array of physical drives An array is made up of one or more subsets called logical drives sometimes called logical volumes which are spread across all physical drives in the array Operating systems view logical drives as a single contiguous stora...

Page 135: ...ogical drive as illustrated in Figure D 2 Daz 9 18 EPS Physical Drive 1 Physical Drive 2 Physical Drive 3 Logical Drive 1 Drive Array Figure D 2 Drive array with one logical drive Figure D 3 illustrates a larger array with two logical drives across six physical drives Daz 9 16 EPS Physical Drives Logical Drive 1 Logical Drive 2 Drive Array Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 3 Drive 4 Drive 5 Drive 6 Figure D 3...

Page 136: ...e 1 Logical Drive 2 Drive Array 1 Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 3 Drive 4 Drive 5 Drive 6 Drive Array 2 Figure D 4 Two drive arrays with six physical drives Drive Arrays Drive arrays on the SMART 2DH Controller have several important attributes A single array cannot span more than one SMART 2DH Controller A single SMART 2DH Controller can control multiple arrays Arrays must have at least one and may have ...

Page 137: ... and retrieval Fault tolerance methods may be used to protect your data against hardware failures An array can consist of several logical drives each spanning all of the physical drives in the array It is important to note that the part of any one logical drive residing on each physical drive is the same size This means that for maximum space efficiency all physical drives in each array should als...

Page 138: ... online spares and rebuilding data Fault Tolerance RAID Options During configuration you will need to make RAID Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks level choices RAID is a term used for an array technology that provides data redundancy to increase system reliability and performance There are several RAID levels ranging from RAID 5 to RAID 0 The SMART 2DH Controller provides the following levels ...

Page 139: ...ount of storage capacity for fault tolerance Tolerant of single drive failures Like RAID 5 uses the least amount of storage capacity for fault tolerance Tolerant of multiple simultaneous drive failures Higher performance than RAID 4 or 5 Uses the most storage capacity for fault tolerance Requires an even number of drives Best performance but data is lost if any drive in the logical drive fails Use...

Page 140: ...oller uses the parity data and the data on the remaining drives to reconstruct data from the failed drive This allows the system to continue operating with a slightly reduced performance until you replace the failed drive Distributed data guarding requires an array with a minimum of three physical drives and allows a maximum of 14 drives Therefore in an array containing three physical drives distr...

Page 141: ...ting with slightly reduced performance until you replace the failed drive Data guarding requires a minimum of three drives two data drives and one parity drive in an array and allows a maximum of 14 drives 13 data drives and one parity drive For example in an array containing three physical drives data guarding uses only 33 percent of the total logical drive storage capacity for fault tolerance A ...

Page 142: ... 50 percent of the drive capacity is used to store the redundant data RAID 1 always requires an even number of drives To improve performance in configurations with more than two drives the data is striped across the drives This is also referred to as RAID 1 0 or RAID 10 If a drive fails the mirror drive provides a backup copy of the files and normal system operations are not interrupted The mirror...

Page 143: ...t in data loss for all RAID 0 logical drives You cannot assign an online spare to an array containing a RAID 0 logical drive Online Spare During configuration consider assigning an online spare to further improve your system s fault tolerance An online spare sometimes called a hot spare is a drive the controller uses when a drive failure occurs If a drive fails the controller rebuilds the data tha...

Page 144: ... Array Controller Reference Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name K APPD DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 06 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED Spare drives are automatically assigned to all volumes in an array and can be assigned to multiple arrays connected to the same controller ...

Page 145: ... striping is automatically generated on an array controller in order to store user data A stripe is a collection of contiguous data that is distributed evenly across all physical drives in a logical drive The width of the stripe the amount stored on each physical drive is selected to optimize the performance of the operating system For example consider an operating system that typically requests d...

Page 146: ...the controller is otherwise idle The controller also uses the Array Accelerator to increase performance by anticipating requests The Array Accelerator uses a multi threaded algorithm to predict the next likely read operation for the array That data is pre read into the Array Accelerator and therefore is ready before you access it When the SMART 2DH Array Controller receives a read request for the ...

Page 147: ...y Accelerator batteries are recharged via a trickle charge applied while system power is present If posted writes were stored in the memory of the Array Accelerator and power loss occurs you must reinstate power within approximately four days or the data stored in the memory will be lost Note that this depends on the present condition of the Array Accelerator batteries If you feel this risk is too...

Page 148: ... data that resides on the second drive the controller can deliver both pieces of information concurrently Figure D 9 illustrates concurrent request servicing User 1 Request User 2 Request User 3 Request User 4 Request Daz 9 10 EPS Figure D 9 Concurrent Request Servicing handles several I O requests Optimized Request Management Optimized request management also known as elevator trend sorting is an...

Page 149: ... the drive subsystem Bus Master Data Transfers The SMART 2DH Controller is a bus master device that takes control of the PCI bus during high speed transfers This allows the system processor to handle application processing or other types of tasks Data transfer occurs at rates of up to 133 megabytes sec for the PCI bus Bus master high speed transfers are particularly important when the supported mo...

Page 150: ...0 Begin Capacity Expansion by adding more physical drives When initiated by the Array Configuration Utility the SMART 2DH Controller will automatically redistribute the data in the original logical drive to a logical drive that spans all of the physical drives in the array including the added drives The room left over is used to create additional logical drives also spanning all physical drives Bo...

Page 151: ...cal drive represented by the gray shaded drives and the new drives unshaded Execute the Array Configuration Utility which is located on the Compaq SmartStart and Support Software CD to start the expansion process as described in Chapter 5 The SMART 2DH Controller will then redistribute the data to an equal portion of all the drives using the same fault tolerance method used originally This is stil...

Page 152: ... drives the redistribution of data takes place one logical drive at a time When the capacity expansion has completed any newly created logical drive will become available Under NT and NetWare the new logical drive can then be appended to your existing logical volume Online Capacity Expansion In certain cases the SMART 2DH Controller and Array Configuration Utility also support making storage capac...

Page 153: ...ional capacity on each drive can be utilized by adding a new logical drive Array Configuration Utility will automatically recognize the unused space and guide you through the procedures to make use of it Other Fault Management Features The SMART 2DH Controller and the network operating system offer several other fault management and data reliability features These features include Auto reliability...

Page 154: ...mal operation or during auto reliability monitoring Drive Parameter Tracking Drive parameter tracking monitors more than 15 drive operational parameters and functional tests This includes parameters such as read write and seek errors spin up time cable problems and functional tests such as track to track seek time one third stroke and full stroke seek time Drive parameter tracking allows the SMART...

Page 155: ...Recovery After you replace a failed drive automatic data recovery reconstructs the data and places it on the replaced drive This allows a rapid recovery to full operating performance without interrupting normal system operations In general the time required for a rebuild is approximately 15 minutes per gigabyte The actual rebuild time however is dependent upon the rebuild priority set for the amou...

Page 156: ...e Compaq ProLiant Server and operates independently of the operating system CAUTION Do not turn off the Compaq ProLiant Storage System or the Compaq server when removing or installing the hot pluggable replacement drives If you turn off the ProLiant Storage System while the server power is on the SMART 2DH Controller marks all the drives as failed This could result in permanent data loss when the ...

Page 157: ... Saved On 2 27 98 12 06 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED OK to remove failed drive Drive Indicators DO NOT remove drive DO NOT remove drive DO NOT remove drive DO NOT remove drive DAZ9 12 EPS OK to remove drive if not part of fault tolerant configuration OFF ON DO NOT remove drive Figure D 12 Hot pluggable drive replacement conditions ...

Page 158: ...ntroller duplexing Hardware based fault tolerance provides a much more robust and controlled environment for fault tolerance protection If you choose controller duplexing configure each SMART 2DH Controller with RAID 0 to achieve maximum storage capacity In addition the following fault tolerant features will not be available Online Spare Auto Reliability Monitoring Interim Data Recovery and Automa...

Page 159: ...provides a much more robust and controlled environment for fault tolerance protection If you choose software based drive mirroring create at least two arrays with RAID 0 to achieve maximum storage capacity Then when configuring the drive mirroring through the OS mirror logical drives residing in different arrays In addition the following fault tolerant features will not be available Online Spare A...

Page 160: ...rd The SMART 2DH Controller Array Accelerator option has several unique features It accelerates data storage by temporarily caching the data at high internal bus rates while transferring the data to the drives at their slower write speeds It contains its own batteries to keep the data alive without board power even if the Array Accelerator is removed from the SMART 2DH Controller The memory is Err...

Page 161: ...o gain access to the option expansion boards CAUTION Electrostatic discharge ESD can damage electronic components Be sure you are properly grounded before beginning this procedure See Appendix A for ESD information 4 Remove the SMART 2DH Controller option board Removing the Array Accelerator Board To remove the optional Array Accelerator daughter board from the SMART 2DH Controller 1 Remove the pl...

Page 162: ... Compaq Computer Corporation by established parts return methods Array Accelerator Installation To install the Array Accelerator board on the SMART 2DH Controller 1 Carefully align the connectors and plug the Array Accelerator board onto the SMART 2DH Controller 1 Be sure the connectors are fully mated by squeezing the boards together at the connector side 2 Align the plastic standoff on the Array...

Page 163: ...PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED 1 2 3 Figure E 2 Installing the Array Accelerator board on the SMART 2DH controller Array Accelerator Switch The array accelerator is equipped with a switch that may be activated to fine tune system performance for 16 MB operations utilizing multiple controllers as shown in Figure E 3 16 MEG 4 MEG Figure E 3 Array Accelerator switch positions ...

Page 164: ...to move the drives and data back to the SMART Controller IMPORTANT The upgrade procedure described below applies only to moving drives from the SMART Controller to the SMART 2DH Controller Data will NOT be preserved if drives are moved from a Fast SCSI 2 Controller or a Fast Wide SCSI 2 Controller to either a SMART Controller or a SMART 2DH Controller To upgrade your system by replacing the SMART ...

Page 165: ...er and the SMART 2DH Controller See Figure F 1 The SMART Controller has a 100 pin external connector on the mounting bracket that connects to the Y cable that separates into two 50 pin Fast SCSI 2 connectors Port 1 and Port 2 These port numbers should be labeled on the Y cable and can be connected to external drives in Compaq ProLiant Storage Systems or other external storage units Port 1 is also ...

Page 166: ... 1500 ProLiant 4500 or ProLiant 5000 Port 1 OR 68 Pin 68 Pin Port 1 68 Pin 50 Pin External Wide to Standard SCSI Cable Required for Connection to Standard SCSI ProLiant Storage Systems Included with Fast Wide ProLiant Storage System 68 Pin 68 Pin External Wide to Wide Cable Required for Connection to Fast Wide ProLiant Storage Systems Included with Fast Wide ProLiant Storage System OR OR Port 2 Po...

Page 167: ...ou are connecting to Fast SCSI 2 internal drives you must attach a 68 pin to 50 pin cable adapter included in the SMART 2DH option kit to the Port 1 connector to use your existing 50 pin internal ribbon cable If you are connecting to a Fast SCSI 2 external storage system use a 68 pin to 50 pin external cable which must be ordered separately 6 ft 189632 002 12 ft 189632 003 If you are connecting to...

Page 168: ... Controller and allow you to change parameters such as controller order and interrupt number if desired You will not see logical drive information with this utility since SMART 2DH Controller logical drives are configured with the new Compaq Array Configuration Utility Save the configuration and reboot the server If you would like you can run the Array Configuration Utility to see the configuratio...

Page 169: ...figuration that are not mirrored to one another Recognizing a Drive Failure A drive failure can be recognized by the system operator in one of several ways Amber LED will be illuminated on failed drives in a hot pluggable tray This however assumes the storage system is powered on and the SCSI cable is working Note that the amber LED may be illuminated briefly when a hot pluggable drive is inserted...

Page 170: ...ult tolerance mode allows fault tolerance is referred to as being compromised and the condition of the logical drive can be referred to as failed If a logical volume is failed all requests from the operating system will be rejected with unrecoverable errors A Non Fault Tolerant RAID 0 Logical Drive Can sustain no drive failures If any physical drive in the array is failed the condition of all non ...

Page 171: ...ilding condition if a previously failed drive has been replaced and the replacement drive is rebuilding The volume may also be in a rebuilding condition following a drive failure if a spare drive was previously assigned and is rebuilding Spare Drives In the event of a drive failure if a spare drive is assigned and available the spare drive acts as an immediate replacement for the failed drive Data...

Page 172: ...l non hot pluggable drives be sure to check the SCSI ID jumpers to make sure that the correct drive is being replaced To prevent compromising the fault tolerance it is imperative that the correct physical drive be replaced Also be sure that the SCSI ID jumpers are set to the same SCSI ID on the replacement drive Note that the SCSI ID jumpers may be located at different places on different drive mo...

Page 173: ...at the next system restart Replacement drives are not considered to be online until Automatic Data Recovery is completed at which time the online LED stops blinking and is on solid Any drives that are not yet online are treated as if they are failed when trying to determine whether fault tolerance will be compromised For example in a RAID 5 logical drive with no spare and one drive rebuilding anot...

Page 174: ...ement drive is failed amber failure LED illuminated or other LEDs go out the replacement drive is producing unrecoverable disk errors In this case the replacement drive should be removed and replaced with another replacement drive Compromised Fault Tolerance If fault tolerance is ever compromised due to failure of multiple drives the condition of the logical drive will be failed and unrecoverable ...

Page 175: ...ve been made if possible replace any drives that have failed to prevent further drive problems in the future After these multiple drives are replaced the fault tolerance may again be compromised power may need to be cycled and the 1779 POST message may again be displayed Press F2 to reenable the logical drive s recreate your partitions and restore all data from backup Because of the risk that faul...

Page 176: ...Cable Error Detected System Halted This message indicates a termination or cabling problem with the system board integrated SCSI controller Refer to cabling diagrams in the SMART 2DH Array Controller Installation Guide for your system 1720 Slot x Drive Array S M A R T Hard Drive Detects Imminent Failure SCSI Port y SCSI ID x The indicated drive has reported a S M A R T predictive failure condition...

Page 177: ...w logical drives The maximum number of logical drives supported is 32 additional logical drives will not be added to the configuration Select F1 key to resume 1764 Slot x Drive Array Capacity Expansion Process is Temporarily Disabled followed by one of the following 1 Expansion will resume when Array Accelerator has been reattached 2 Expansion will resume when Array Accelerator has been replaced 3...

Page 178: ... Memory Address Range of any ISA cards that may be installed and verify that they do not conflict with the address of the SMART 2 E Option ROM as shown via the System Configuration Utility If there is no conflict run Option ROMPaq and attempt to reprogram the SMART 2 E Option ROM as described in the section Running Option ROMPaq in Chapter 3 1768 Slot x Drive Array Resuming logical drive expansion...

Page 179: ...ed On 2 27 98 12 10 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED Drive Errors 4 Expansion Aborted due to Array Accelerator Errors Select F1 to continue with logical drives disabled Select F2 to accept data loss and to re enable logical drives RESUME F1 OR F2 KEY replace the Array Accelerator board if capacity expansion is in progress continued ...

Page 180: ... Responding SCSI Port y Check storage system power switch and cables Turn the system power off while checking the ProLiant power and cable connections then turn the system power back on to retry RESUME F1 KEY Turn off power to system Check external ProLiant power switch external drives must all be powered up before or at the same time as the main system Check cables If retry does not help try repl...

Page 181: ...he message indicates to check SCSI cables verify your cabling using the diagrams in the SMART 2DH Array Controller Installation Guide If the routing is correct replace cables on the specified port until the POST message is eliminated 1778 Slot x Drive Array resuming Automatic Data Recovery process No action required This message appears when a controller resets or power cycle occurs while Automati...

Page 182: ...To avoid data loss turn system power OFF and reattach drives to the original controller 8 To avoid data loss reattach drives to original controller or upgrade controller firmware to the version on the original controller using Option ROMPaq Select F1 key to resume 1786 Slot x Drive Array Recovery Needed The following SCSI drive s need Automatic Data Recovery SCSI Port y SCSI ID x Select F1 to cont...

Page 183: ...ide Comments 295469 002 File Name O APPH DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 10 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED should be replaced SCSI Port y SCSI ID x tolerance is being used Drive x needs replacement as soon as possible A loose or defective cable may also cause this error continued ...

Page 184: ...drives that are not responding Interim Recovery Mode will be enabled if configured for fault tolerance This message indicates that previously operating drives are missing or inoperative following a cold or warm reset Turn off system and check cable connections If cables are connected replace the drive Press F1 to restart the computer with the drive array disabled Or If you do not want to replace t...

Page 185: ...rator Rev A or earlier 1794 Slot x Drive Array Array Accelerator Battery Charge Low Array Accelerator is temporarily disabled Array Accelerator will be reenabled when battery reaches full charge The battery charge is below 90 Posted writes are disabled When the batteries are fully charged the Array Accelerator will automatically be reenabled and this POST message will be discontinued Replace the A...

Page 186: ...ray Accelerator or the SMART 2DH Controller Restore data from backup 1798 Slot x Drive Array Array Accelerator Self Test Error Occurred Array Accelerator is disabled Replace the Array Accelerator or the SMART 2DH Controller 1799 Slot x Drive Array Drive s Disabled due to Array Accelerator Data Loss Select F1 to continue with logical drives disabled Select F2 to accept data loss and to reenable log...

Page 187: ...your server and several other factors specific to your configuration See Chapter 2 for information defining some of these factors The maximum number of internal and external drives that you can install in your system also depends upon your server and your choice of hard drives Each SMART 2DH Controller has two SCSI buses and each bus can support up to seven drives See Chapter 2 Q Does the SMART 2D...

Page 188: ... If your drives are installed in a Compaq ProSignia ProSignia 500 ProSignia 300 ProSignia VS or Systempro XL you must manually set the SCSI ID jumpers Q Should SCSI IDs in my system be consecutive A No It is no longer required that the IDs of devices on each SCSI bus be consecutive However IDs must still be unique for each device on a single SCSI bus CAUTION Do not interchange SCSI IDs after you c...

Page 189: ... use A If you have no hard drives installed in your server you can connect the Compaq ProLiant Storage System to either port CAUTION Do not interchange these connectors after you configure your SMART 2DH Controller Interchanging the connectors could result in a loss of your data If you have hard drives installed in your server and connected to the SMART 2DH Controller only one port 2 will be avail...

Page 190: ...erence Guide Comments 295469 002 File Name P APPI DOC Last Saved On 2 27 98 12 13 PM COMPAQ CONFIDENTIAL NEED TO KNOW REQUIRED A You should use System ROMPaq to upgrade the firmware in your server to the latest revisions prior to installing a SMART 2DH Controller in an existing system ...

Page 191: ...perience in Compaq testing laboratories reveals that you might have problems such as time outs data corruption and so on The SMART 2DH Controller takes full advantage of SCSI 2 tagged command queuing something that can be a problem in the firmware of many third party drives Also Compaq drives feature a unique Pre failure Warranty Contact your dealer for more information on Compaq Pre failure Warra...

Page 192: ... 7 main configuration screen 5 16 NetWare support 5 3 NetWare intraNetWare 6 6 rebuild priority 5 21 running from 5 3 running from diskettes 5 3 running from System Partition 5 3 starting 5 2 Windows NT support 5 2 Array See Drive array Auto reliability monitoring D 19 Automatic data recovery G 5 failure of G 5 B Banyan VINES additional information 6 43 creating the Support Software Diskette SSD 6...

Page 193: ...n VINES 6 1 intraNetWare 6 1 NetWare 6 1 OS 2 6 1 SCO OpenServer 5 6 1 SCO UnixWare 2 1 or later 6 1 Windows 95 6 1 Windows NT 6 1 Disk drive upgrades D 18 Distributed Data D 11 Distributed Data Guarding RAID 5 D 7 illustrated D 7 Drive array attributes D 3 benefits D 5 concurrent I O request servicing D 14 defined D 1 expanding capacity D 15 illustrated D 1 D 3 online capacity expansion D 17 opti...

Page 194: ...ned 1 5 Fast SCSI 2 compatibility 1 5 Fault Management automatic data recovery G 5 auto reliability monitoring D 19 controller duplexing D 23 drive failure features D 19 drive parameter tracking D 19 dynamic sector repairing D 19 features D 18 hot pluggable drives D 21 interim data recovery D 20 software based drive mirroring D 23 Fault tolerance defined 1 3 options D 5 RAID 1 D 9 RAID 4 D 8 RAID ...

Page 195: ...QDAOPT 6 7 DOS partitions and failed drives 6 11 Drive Array Optimization Utility 6 7 Drive failure 6 11 installing driver manually 6 4 Novell SSD diskettes 6 2 recovering drives 6 13 6 18 software based drive mirroring 6 10 updating Compaq Insight Manager agents 6 5 K Kit contents C 1 illustrated C 1 L Launching Array Configuration Utility 5 2 Logical drive attributes D 4 Logical drives defined D...

Page 196: ... drive mirroring 6 10 updating Compaq Insight Manager agents 6 5 using CPQDAOPT on existing servers 6 9 using CPQDAOPT on new servers 6 7 NetWare intraNetWare 6 2 No Fault Tolerance RAID 0 D 10 Novell SSD diskettes 6 2 NT See Windows NT O Online help 5 5 Online recovery server status 4 5 Online spare D 10 OpenServer 5 See SCO OpenServer 5 Operating system prerequisites 6 1 Operating systems suppor...

Page 197: ...ashing 3 1 option 3 1 system 3 1 ROMPaq 3 1 creating diskettes 3 1 Running Array Configuration Utility online 5 2 SmartStart or Support Software CD 5 3 system partition 5 3 S SCO OpenServer 5 6 28 creating EFS diskettes 6 29 SmartStart using 6 28 updating Compaq Insight Manager agents 6 30 SCO UnixWare 2 1 and later driver information 6 31 EFS diskettes 6 31 SmartStart using 6 31 updating Compaq I...

Page 198: ...n SCSI bus C 2 Text Conventions ix U UnixWare See SCO UnixWare 2 1 or later Updating the firmware 3 1 Using another SMART controller See migrating to another SMART controller W Wide SCSI connector pin assignments See pin assignments Wide Ultra SCSI 1 5 Windows 95 creating diskettes 6 45 driver information 6 44 installing the SMART 2DH controller 6 45 Interrupt 13h BIOS support 6 46 Windows NT 6 19...

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