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Using the OTDR 

 

Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures

 

3

 

 

 

3-51 

Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 

Tables 3-6 and 3-7 describes some typical causes of OTDR 
test failures. 

See also the table in Appendix C, which shows results 
from a survey on common causes of fiber link failures. 

Tip: 

If a trace shows multiple failing or unusual events, 
it's usually best to start looking for faults at the 
nearest event. Some faults can cause misleading 
events farther down the cabling. 

Table 3-6. Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 

OVERALL LOSS fails 

•

 

There is one or more dirty or damaged connections in the cabling. Check the OTDR trace or event table for  
high-loss reflective events. 

•

 

The wrong fiber type is selected on the OTDR tab in Setup.  

•

 

A patch cord, launch fiber, or fiber segment has the wrong core size, backscatter coefficient, or mode field diameter. 
If the patch cords and launch fiber are the correct type, check the OTDR trace for mismatched cable in the cabling.  

•

 

The cabling has a bad fusion or mechanical splice or a sharp bend. Use the OTDR trace or event table to locate these 
faults.

 

Note 

OVERALL LOSS

 may show a 

WARNING

 if the first or last event is hidden. 

-continued- 

Содержание OF-500 OptiFiber

Страница 1: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook September 2002 Rev 4 6 06 2002 2006 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved All product names are trademarks of their respective companies ...

Страница 2: ...r or replace ment of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke Networks authorized service center within the warranty period To obtain warranty service contact your nearest Fluke Networks authorized service center to obtain return authorization information then send the product to that service center with a description of the difficulty postage and insurance prepaid FOB Destination Fluke Ne...

Страница 3: ...atures 1 1 Registration 1 2 Contacting Fluke Networks 1 3 Unpacking 1 3 Model OF 500 01 1 3 Model OF 500 02 1 4 Model OF 500 03 1 4 Model OF 500 10 1 5 Model OF 500 13 1 5 Model OF 500 15 1 6 Model OF 500 35 1 6 Model OF 500 45 1 7 Powering the Tester 1 8 Charging the Battery 1 8 ...

Страница 4: ...p 1 20 Overview of Memory Features 1 21 Using the Memory Card 1 21 Using the Internal Memory 1 22 Using an External Keyboard 1 22 Setting User Preferences 1 24 Changing the Date Time and Numeric Formats 1 24 Changing the Length Units 1 24 Enabling or Disabling the Save Warning 1 24 Adjusting the Display Brightness 1 24 Using the Power Down Timer 1 25 Enabling or Disabling the Beeper 1 25 Changing ...

Страница 5: ...ests 2 11 Step 1 Creating a List of Sequential Fiber IDs 2 11 Step 2 Setting Up a Job Folder 2 12 Step 3 Entering the Operator Name 2 12 Step 4 Identifying the Cabling Ends 2 12 Step 5 Setting the Save Warning 2 12 Tutorial Running an OTDR Test 2 14 Required Equipment 2 14 Step 1 Selecting Auto OTDR Mode 2 15 Step 2 Selecting a Fiber Type and Test Limit 2 15 Step 3 Selecting a Wavelength 2 15 Step...

Страница 6: ...ng the Auto Increment Feature 2 23 Creating a List of Sequential IDs 2 24 About ANSI TIA EIA 606 A Fiber IDs 2 25 Horizontal Link Identifier 2 25 Backbone Cable Identifier 2 25 Campus Cable Identifier 2 26 Using Downloaded Fiber IDs 2 26 Solving Problems with Fiber ID Lists 2 26 Adding Comments to Test Results 2 28 3 Using the OTDR 3 1 Setting Up for OTDR Testing 3 1 Cleaning the OTDR Connector 3 ...

Страница 7: ... 3 28 Zooming the Trace 3 29 Reading the Event Table 3 30 Event Types 3 32 Sorting Events 3 37 OTDR DETAILS Screens 3 38 Warning Messages 3 38 Attenuation Coefficient 3 38 ORL Optical Return Loss 3 38 Segment Attenuation Coefficient 3 38 Reflectance 3 38 Bi Directional Testing 3 39 Comparing OTDR Traces 3 39 Using the Real Time Trace 3 44 Using Manual OTDR Mode 3 46 Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 3...

Страница 8: ...e OUTPUT Connector 6 5 Cleaning the INPUT Connector 6 5 Verifying Operation 6 6 Loss Length Test Settings 6 6 About Method B Connections 6 13 About Setting the Reference 6 13 Using Mandrels for Testing Multimode Fiber 6 15 Testing in Smart Remote Mode 6 17 Testing in Smart Remote Mode 6 17 Setting the Reference in Smart Remote Mode 6 18 Running the Test in Smart Remote Mode 6 20 Smart Remote Mode ...

Страница 9: ...or Loopback Mode 6 40 Bi Directional Testing in Far End Source Mode 6 40 Diagnosing Loss Length Test Failures 6 40 Finding Connections with FindFiber 6 43 Using FindFiber in Smart Remote Mode 6 43 Using FindFiber in Loopback Mode 6 46 7 Using the Visual Fault Locator 7 1 Visual Fault Locator Applications 7 1 Using the VFL 7 2 8 Using the Power Meter Option 8 1 Running the Test 8 2 Using Auto Wavel...

Страница 10: ...Limits 10 1 Creating Custom Fiber Types 10 1 Creating Custom Test Limits 10 4 Selecting a Custom Limit 10 8 If the Limit or Fiber Type is Not Valid 10 8 11 Maintenance and Specifications 11 1 Maintenance 11 1 Updating the Tester s Software 11 2 Updating via the USB or Serial Port 11 3 Updating via a Memory Card Created with LinkWare 11 3 Optical Connector Care 11 5 Replacing Reference Test Cords a...

Страница 11: ...cations 11 27 Power 11 32 Traceable Calibration Period 11 32 Certifications and Compliance 11 32 Memory for Test Results 11 32 Serial Interfaces 11 33 Keyboard Port 11 34 Video Port for FiberInspector Probe 11 34 Dimensions with module and battery installed 11 34 Weight with module and battery installed 11 34 Display 11 34 Fan 11 34 FiberInspector Probe Specifications 11 35 Appendices A Test Metho...

Страница 12: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Technical Reference Handbook x ...

Страница 13: ...s 3 22 3 3 Event Table Features 3 30 3 4 Event Types 3 32 3 5 Manual OTDR Settings 3 46 3 6 Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 3 51 5 1 Getting a Good FiberInspector Image 5 8 6 1 Loss Length Test Settings 6 6 6 2 Typical Reference Values 6 14 6 3 TIA EIA 568 B 1 and ISO IEC TR 14763 3 Mandrel Requirements 6 15 6 4 Smart Remote Mode SUMMARY Screen Features 6 22 6 5 Smart Remote Mode RESULTS Screen Feat...

Страница 14: ...for FindFiber Test Smart Remote Mode 6 44 9 1 Memory Status Screen Features 9 3 9 2 Record Viewing and Management Functions 9 5 10 1 Fiber Property Settings 10 3 10 2 Custom Limit Settings for OTDR Tests 10 6 10 3 Custom Limit Settings for Loss Length Tests 10 7 11 1 Troubleshooting the Tester 11 8 11 2 Options 11 10 11 3 Accessories 11 11 11 4 RS 232 Interface Cable Connections 11 33 11 5 9 to 25...

Страница 15: ...tion 1 16 1 6 The SETUP Screen 1 18 1 7 The Setup Menus 1 19 1 8 Inserting and Removing the Memory Card 1 22 1 9 Using an External Keyboard 1 23 2 1 Using the Text Editing Screen 2 13 2 2 Typical OTDR Connections and Trace Features 2 16 2 3 Smart Remote Mode Reference Connections 2 20 2 4 Smart Remote Mode Test Connections 2 22 3 1 Cleaning the OTDR Connector 3 2 3 2 Launch Only Compensation Conne...

Страница 16: ...3 24 3 14 Typical OTDR Trace Features 3 26 3 15 OTDR Functions Menu 3 41 3 16 Comparing OTDR Traces 3 42 4 1 Equipment for ChannelMap Tests 4 2 4 2 ChannelMap Test Connections 4 3 4 3 ChannelMap Diagram Features 4 4 5 1 Equipment for FiberInspector Tests 5 3 5 2 Using the FiberInspector Probe 5 4 5 3 FiberInspector Screen 5 5 5 4 FiberInspector Image Examples 5 7 5 5 FiberInspector Core Scale all ...

Страница 17: ...ult Locator 7 2 7 2 Using the Visual Fault Locator 7 4 8 1 Equipment for Power Meter Tests 8 3 8 2 Connections for Monitoring Optical Power 8 4 8 3 The Power Meter Screen 8 5 10 1 LIMIT TABLE EDITOR Screen 10 5 11 1 Event and Attenuation Deadzone Measurement Methods 11 22 B 1 Method A A 2 Reference and Test Connections singlemode shown B 3 B 2 Method B A 1 Reference and Test Connections singlemode...

Страница 18: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Technical Reference Handbook xvi ...

Страница 19: ...stalled in premises building and campus networks Typical test ranges are up to 7 km at 1300 nm for multimode fiber and up to 60 km for singlemode fiber The tester offers the following features Automated OTDR trace and event analysis help you identify and locate faults on multimode 850 nm and 1300 nm 50 μm and 62 5 μm and singlemode 1310 nm and 1550 nm 9 μm fiber Displays OTDR results in summary fo...

Страница 20: ...rd or in internal memory Context sensitive online help gives you quick access to operating instructions and fiber troubleshooting information LinkWare software lets you upload test results to a PC and create professional quality test reports The LinkWare Stats option generates browsable graphical reports of cable test statistics Registration Registering your product with Fluke Networks gives you a...

Страница 21: ...ore 65 6799 5566 Taiwan 886 2 227 83199 USA 1 800 283 5853 Visit our website for a complete list of phone numbers Unpacking The OF 500 OptiFiber packages come with the accessories listed below If something is damaged or missing contact the place of purchase immediately Model numbers followed by a 50M include 50 125 µm accessories instead of 62 5 125 µm accessories Model OF 500 01 OF 500 OptiFiber ...

Страница 22: ...andrels for 62 5 125 µm fiber with 3 mm jackets Protective carrying case for tester Carrying strap Memory card USB cable for PC communications AC adapter Users Manual Product Manuals CD LinkWare Software CD Model OF 500 03 OF 500 OptiFiber tester with battery pack OFTM 5730 singlemode OTDR module 9 125 µm singlemode launch fiber yellow zipper 130 m SC SC Protective carrying case for tester Carryin...

Страница 23: ... card reader USB cable for PC communications AC adapter Users Manual Product Manuals CD LinkWare Software CD Model OF 500 13 OF 500 OptiFiber tester with battery pack OFTM 5732 singlemode OTDR module with power meter and loss length options DTX Smart Remote with DTX SFM2 singlemode fiber module and interchangeable SC adapter OFTM 5352 FiberInspector Video Probe 250X 400X with adapter tip kit 9 125...

Страница 24: ...USB memory card reader USB cable for PC communications Mini B USB cable for OptiFiber Smart Remote Two AC adapters OptiFiber Users Manual OptiFiber Product Manuals CD Smart Remote Users Manual Smart Remote Product CD LinkWare Software CD Model OF 500 35 OF 500 OptiFiber tester with battery pack OFTM 5612B multimode OTDR module with power meter and loss length options OFTM 5732 singlemode OTDR modu...

Страница 25: ...r Video Probe 250X 400X with adapter tip kit 62 5 125 µm multimode launch fiber gray zipper 100 m SC SC 50 125 µm multimode launch fiber aqua zipper 100 m SC SC 9 125 µm singlemode launch fiber yellow zipper 130 m SC SC Two 62 5 125 µm multimode duplex reference test cords 2 m SC SC Two 50 125 µm multimode duplex reference test cords 2 m SC SC Two red mandrels for 62 5 125 µm fiber with 3 mm jacke...

Страница 26: ...battery typically takes about 4 hours to fully charge when the tester is turned off Notes You do not need to fully discharge the battery before recharging it The battery will not charge if its temperature is outside the range of 32 F to 113 F 0 C to 45 C Checking the Battery Status Many of the tester s screens show a battery status icon near the lower right corner To see more information about the...

Страница 27: ...Getting Acquainted Powering the Tester 1 1 9 ajt20f eps Figure 1 1 Battery Pack Features ...

Страница 28: ...s Software in Chapter 11 for details Removing and Installing the Module The tester s capabilities depend on which test module is installed Figure 1 2 shows how to remove the module WCaution To avoid corrupting the tester s software always turn the tester off before removing or installing the module Verifying Operation The tester performs a basic self test when you turn it on If the tester reports ...

Страница 29: ...Getting Acquainted Verifying Operation 1 1 11 ajt56f eps Figure 1 2 Removing the Module ...

Страница 30: ...be the tester s basic features and introduce the tester s menu system Front Panel Features Figure 1 3 describes the tester s front panel features F2 F3 F4 F5 F1 HELP VIEW RECORDS SAVE FIBER INSPECTOR FUNCTIONS SETUP TEST ENTER EXIT OPTIFIBER J L K A N I H B E D M G F C ajt12f eps Figure 1 3 Front Panel Features ...

Страница 31: ...lected fiber test The test that will run is shown in the upper left corner of the display To change the test press A Change Test from the HOME screen or select a test from the FUNCTIONS menu I H Shows a help topic related to the current screen To see the help index press H again J I On off key K f Activates the optional FiberInspector video probe which lets you inspect fiber endfaces and save the ...

Страница 32: ...Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 1 14 Side and Top Panel Features Figure 1 4 describes the tester s connectors and other features on the side and top panels ajt14f eps Figure 1 4 Side and Top Panel Features ...

Страница 33: ...urns on when the adapter is connected to ac power B USB port for uploading test reports to a PC and downloading software updates from a PC to the tester See the LinkWare documentation for details on using the USB port C Six pin mini DIN connector for an optional external PS2 keyboard D Eight pin mini DIN connector for the optional FiberInspector video probe E Fan vents F RS 232C serial port for up...

Страница 34: ... The HOME Screen The HOME screen shows important test and job settings you might need to change to configure the tester for your needs Figure 1 5 describes a typical home screen A K G E F B C J D L I H ajt13f eps Figure 1 5 Home Screen for OTDR with Loss Length Option ...

Страница 35: ...see the test s results H Press A Change Test to switch test modes See K I Action prompts For most screens this area prompts you on what keys to press J Important test and job settings To change these settings use KLMNto highlight a setting then press t Selecting TEST LIMIT or FIBER TYPE lets you change the item Selecting the limit s or type s name lets you see that item s settings You may also acc...

Страница 36: ...0 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 1 18 Using the Setup Menus To access the tester s settings press S Figure 1 6 introduces the SETUP menus B A C ajt17f eps Figure 1 6 The SETUP Screen ...

Страница 37: ...t the type of fiber cable you will test and define some cable characteristics for loss length tests You can also change the index of refraction if you do not want to use the default values Note Select a fiber type before selecting a test limit The fiber type determines which test limits are available The OTDR tab lets you select a test limit and wavelength for OTDR tests and enable launch fiber co...

Страница 38: ...st version The module information includes the date the module last received calibration at a Fluke Networks service center The tester requires a traceable calibration at a Fluke Networks service center once a year to ensure that it meets or exceeds the published accuracy specifications Using the Online Help When you press H the tester shows a help topic that relates to the current screen Blue und...

Страница 39: ...ry status See Chapter 9 for details about the tester s memory features Using the Memory Card Figure 1 8 shows how to insert and remove a memory card You can use MultiMediaCard MMC or Secure Digital SD memory cards in the tester WCaution Never remove the memory card while the memory card s LED is on Doing so can corrupt the data on the card Press S then select CURRENT FOLDER on the Job tab to do th...

Страница 40: ...ion on the internal memory Using an External Keyboard The keyboard jack on the right side of the tester accepts a 6 pin mini DIN PS 2 plug The tester accepts only the characters available on its text editing screen Figure 1 9 shows which keys you can use on the keyboard Note You cannot use an external keyboard to enter international characters The OptiFiber Product Manuals CD includes a full size ...

Страница 41: ...IEW RECORDS FIBER INSPECTOR F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 Enter PgUp PgDn Home End 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Q W E R T Y U I O P A S D F G H J K L Z X C V B N M Del FUNCTIONS SAVE TEST Backspace Shift Shift ENTER EXIT HELP ajt18f eps Figure 1 9 Using an External Keyboard ...

Страница 42: ...AT then press t 3 Use L to highlight the desired format then press t Changing the Length Units 1 Press S then press E to select the System tab 2 Use L to highlight LENGTH UNITS then press t 3 Use L to highlight the setting you want then press t Enabling or Disabling the Save Warning If you do not save a test it is deleted from temporary memory when you run another test To enable or disable a warni...

Страница 43: ...rts the timer If the timer is disabled the screen dims after 30 minutes of inactivity to help conserve battery power Note The power down timer is inactive when the ac adapter is connected or when the USB or RS 232 serial port is active 1 Press S then press E to select the System tab 2 Press t Use L to highlight the setting you want then press t Enabling or Disabling the Beeper To enable or disable...

Страница 44: ...hic file png Note The graphics application may list 256 colors with the 8 bit setting however if your graphic uses only 128 or fewer colors it should work in the tester 3 Press F then select Enable OptiFiber Options 4 On the OPTIFIBER OPTIONS screen highlight CUSTOM LOGO then press t 5 Enter the software key in the CUSTOM LOGO key box then press s 6 Connect the tester to the PC via the serial or U...

Страница 45: ...ncluded with your tester lets you do the following Upload test records to PC View test results Add ANSI TIA EIA 606 A administration information to records Organize customize and print professional quality test reports Update the tester s software Details about using LinkWare software are provided in the LinkWare Getting Started Guide and the online help available under Help on the LinkWare menu U...

Страница 46: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 1 28 ...

Страница 47: ...trical Symbols X Warning Risk of fire electric shock or personal injury W Warning or Caution Risk of damage or destruction to equipment or software See explanations in the manuals Warning Class 1 laser OUTPUT port Risk of eye damage from hazardous radiation Do not put products containing circuit boards into the garbage Dispose of circuit boards in accordance with local regulations ...

Страница 48: ...damage your eyes Never run any tests that activate the tester s outputs unless a fiber is attached to the output Do not open the case no user serviceable parts are inside Do not modify the tester Do not use magnification to view the optical outputs without proper filtering Use of controls adjustments or procedures not stated herein might result in hazardous radiation exposure Use only ac adapters ...

Страница 49: ...V optical amplifiers and cellular systems Avoid touching reflective surfaces such as metal to the end of a fiber cable plugged into the OTDR when the OTDR is operating An open fiber connector endface has about a 4 reflection Holding a reflective surface near the connector endface may cause much greater than a 4 reflection which may damage the photodetector in the OTDR Use proper cleaning procedure...

Страница 50: ...connectors Connector ends Wipe the end of the ferrule with a swab or wipe lightly moistened with alcohol Dry with a dry swab or wipe Bulkhead adapters 1 Touch the tip of a lint free foam swab to an alcohol soaked cleaning pad 2 Push the swab into the adapter twist it around 3 to 5 times against the endface then remove and dispose of the swab 3 Dry the endface with a dry lint free swab by twisting ...

Страница 51: ...h fiber before each job Use another set of known good cords to set a reference and run an Autotest on each patch cord and launch fiber Use Smart Remote mode to test two cords at a time or Loopback mode to test one cord You should also use a fiber microscope such as the FiberInspector video probe to inspect the reference test cord and launch fiber connectors for damage at least once a day ...

Страница 52: ...formation on setting user preferences see Chapter 1 Selecting a Test Mode The test mode determines what type of test will run when you press T The mode is shown in the upper left corner of the HOME screen To change the test mode press A Change Test then select a test from the menu Selecting a Fiber Type Note Select a fiber type before selecting a test limit The fiber type determines which test lim...

Страница 53: ...ct a fiber type before selecting a test limit The fiber type determines which test limits are available The tester offers generic and industry standard test limits for testing fiber cable The tester uses the selected limit to produce PASS FAIL results To select a test limit press S select a test s tab then select TEST LIMIT Each test s tab shows only the limits that include the selected fiber type...

Страница 54: ...er type or test limit The installed module does not support the selected fiber type or test limit For example a singlemode fiber type is selected but a multimode module is installed Select a different fiber type or test limit or install a different module The test limit does not include parameters for the type of test you are trying to run For example you are trying to run an OTDR test but only lo...

Страница 55: ...END 1 END 2 Names you assign to the ends of the cabling The names are saved with test records and also appear on ChannelMap diagrams THIS END The cable end where the tester is located Based on this setting the tester labels OTDR ChannelMap FiberInspector and power meter results as END 1 or END 2 to indicate which end of the cabling you tested Loss length results are labeled END 1 2 or END 2 1 AUTO...

Страница 56: ... fiber types are suitable for most applications Minor differences between the tester s n and a fiber s actual n usually do not make enough difference in length to fail a fiber You may want to change the index of refraction if The customer wants you to use a specific n value for the job The cable s fibers are longer than its jacket and you need to precisely locate a point on the cable such as a fau...

Страница 57: ...he AUTO SEQUENCE screen press AChange Template then select Horizontal 1 3 On the AUTO SEQUENCE screen press D Default to transfer the default pattern into the START ID and STOP ID 1 4 On the AUTO SEQUENCE screen press B Edit Start Use the softkeys K N ML and t to change the default ID to 03A A01 in the CURRENT START ID box Press s when you are finished 1 5 On the AUTO SEQUENCE screen press C Edit ...

Страница 58: ...ERATOR box Press s when you are finished Step 4 Identifying the Cabling Ends For the OTDR and Loss Length testing tutorials in this chapter you will save test results from both ends of the cabling To identify the test directions in the saved results enter END information on the Job tab as follows 4 1 On the Job tab select END 1 Use the softkeys K NML and t to enter CLOSET into the END 1 box Press ...

Страница 59: ...o the left of the cursor B The text you are entering C The cursor Use A B to move the cursor D Moves the cursor to the left until it wraps back around to the end of the text E Decreases or increases the character at the cursor by one position in the character list F Deletes the character to the left of the cursor Tip You can use an external keyboard to edit text except international characters See...

Страница 60: ...lows Multimode module installed Charged battery attached or the ac adapter connected Job settings configured as follows see the tutorial Preparing to Save Tests on page 2 11 for configuration steps START ID and STOP ID set to 03A A01 and 03A B06 A job folder with any name created on the memory card Your name as the operator END 1 set to CLOSET END 2 set to WORK AREA THIS END set to END 1 Fiber cab...

Страница 61: ... 2 4 On the SETUP screen press E Tab to select the OTDR tab If TEST LIMIT is already set to Document only go to step 3 2 5 Press t to see the available test limits 2 6 Use LM to highlight Document only then press t to select the limit Step 3 Selecting a Wavelength 3 1 From the SETUP screen press E Tab to select the OTDR tab 3 2 Change WAVELENGTH to Dual 850 1300 nm Step 4 Testing in the First Dire...

Страница 62: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 2 16 ajt21f eps Figure 2 2 Typical OTDR Connections and Trace Features ...

Страница 63: ...ick ID to access the fiber ID list you configured 6 3 If the UNUSED AUTO SEQUENCE IDs list is not showing press C Auto Seq IDs 6 4 The tester highlights the first unused ID in the UNUSED AUTO SEQUENCE IDs list Press s to save the test with this ID 03A A01 Step 7 Testing in the Second Direction 7 1 On the Job tab in Setup change THIS END to END 2 7 2 Clean the connector at the other end of the cabl...

Страница 64: ... the correct wavelength and the correct connector adapter installed Two lengths of fiber cabling or a length of duplex cabling to test Two known good duplex reference test cords of the same fiber type as the cabling to be tested See Figures 2 3 and 2 4 to determine the connector types you will need For testing multimode fiber two mandrels of the correct size Fiber cleaning supplies Step 1 Selectin...

Страница 65: ... appears press B No You will set the reference in Step 4 3 6 Use LM to highlight THIS UNIT then press t 3 7 Use LM to highlight Main then press t 3 8 Use LM to highlight BI DIRECTIONAL then press t 3 9 Use LM to highlight Disabled then press t 3 10 On the remote unit s Loss Length tab set REMOTE END SETUP to Smart Remote and THIS UNIT to Remote Step 4 Setting the Reference 4 1 Clean the tester s a...

Страница 66: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 2 20 ajt05f eps Figure 2 3 Smart Remote Mode Reference Connections ...

Страница 67: ...ore details about the cabling press A View Results See Chapter 6 for details on loss length results Step 7 Saving the Results Note The tester saves Smart Remote test results in two separate records One record is used for each fiber 7 1 Press s 7 2 If the tester shows a text editing screen press A Pick ID to access the fiber ID list you configured 7 3 The tester highlights the first unused ID in th...

Страница 68: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 2 22 ajt08f eps Figure 2 4 Smart Remote Mode Test Connections ...

Страница 69: ...ID already assigned to a record stored in the current folder This lets you overwrite existing results or add new results to an existing record Select the ID from the IDs IN CURRENT FOLDER list after you press s Using the Auto Increment Feature The auto increment feature increments the last alphanumeric character in the fiber ID you enter For example if you save a test with the ID A0 the tester inc...

Страница 70: ...P 1 Stop ID ROOM B DROP 3 These IDs produce the following ID list ROOM A DROP 1 ROOM A DROP 2 ROOM A DROP 3 ROOM B DROP 1 ROOM B DROP 2 ROOM B DROP 3 To create a list of sequential IDs do the following 1 Select AUTO SEQ TEMPLATE from the Job tab in Setup press A Change Template then select a template 2 Press D Default to transfer the pattern to the START ID and STOP ID 3 Press B Edit Start or C Ed...

Страница 71: ... backbone backbone cable letter or number d copper pair or fiber strand number in backbone cable b building Horizontal Link Identifier Horizontal links run between telecommunications closets and work areas Format fs an Example 11C D32 The link tested was on floor 11 in telecom room C patch panel D port 32 Backbone Cable Identifier Backbone cables run between telecommunication closets usually on di...

Страница 72: ...e and download ID lists from a PC to the tester Downloaded ID lists are associated with a folder name you select when you download the list from a PC but are saved in the tester s internal memory To use downloaded IDs do the following 1 Verify that the current folder has the same name as the folder selected when the list was downloaded to the tester Change the current folder or create a new folder...

Страница 73: ...se accented characters in IDs but they must match between the start and stop IDs Verify that the start and stop IDs have the same numbers of characters Verify that the START and STOP IDs do not generate a sequence with more than 3000 IDs When you press s you cannot find the ID list After you press s press A Pick ID then press the appropriate softkey to see the list You can access downloaded IDs on...

Страница 74: ...eate a new comment The comment list is stored in the mainframe not in the module or on a memory card To edit or create a comment press E Edit Text on the EDIT COMMENT screen To add a predefined comment to the list press D Pick Comment on the EDIT COMMENT screen then press A New Comment To select a predefined comment press D Pick Comment on the EDIT COMMENT screen Press s when you finished editing ...

Страница 75: ... the OTDR Setting Up for OTDR Testing For information on configuring the tester s job settings such as fiber IDs and folders for saving test results see General Settings in Chapter 2 For information on setting user preferences such as length units and numeric formats see Setting User Preferences in Chapter 1 ...

Страница 76: ...he OTDR connector Figure 3 1 shows how to remove the OTDR adapter to access the connector ferrule The OTDR port connection quality screen helps you determine when the OTDR connector needs cleaning See page 3 14 If the connector is very dirty wipe the end of the ferrule with an optical grade wipe lightly moistened with 99 pure isopropyl alcohol Dry with a dry wipe ajt71f eps Figure 3 1 Cleaning the...

Страница 77: ...or details Tip To see the settings used for an OTDR test press C View Details on the OTDR SUMMARY screen then press A OTDR Settings The settings used may be slightly different from the nominal values selected on the OTDR tab About Launch and Receive Fibers Launch and receive fibers let the tester measure the loss and reflectance of the first and last connectors in the cabling and include those con...

Страница 78: ... also removes these fibers losses lengths and attenuation coefficients from overall OTDR results The losses of the connections at the launch and receive fibers are not removed from the results Launch compensation also provides a more accurate ORL optical return loss measurement provided that the correct backscatter coefficient for the fiber under test is entered on the Cable tab in SETUP The compe...

Страница 79: ... you can change these settings on the SET LAUNCH EVENTS screen as follows WCaution Do not set the launch or receive event to a hidden event Do not set the receive event to an event followed by a hidden event Doing so may make length and loss results unreliable For Launch Only compensation highlight the event that is the end of the launch fiber then press B For Launch Receive compensation highlight...

Страница 80: ... On the OTDR tab in Setup set LAUNCH COMPENSATION to Enabled To view the launch compensation settings press F select Set Launch Fiber Compensation then press A View Settings You should run the compensation function again if you start using a different launch or receive fiber Figure 3 5 shows an example of an OTDR trace with launch and receive markers enabled ...

Страница 81: ...Using the OTDR Setting Up for OTDR Testing 3 3 7 ajt51f eps Figure 3 2 Launch Only Compensation Connections ajt52f eps Figure 3 3 Launch Receive Compensation Connections ...

Страница 82: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 3 8 ajt53f eps Figure 3 4 Launch Fiber Receive Compensation Connections ...

Страница 83: ...r OTDR Testing 3 3 9 End of launch fiber Beginning of receive fiber Launch fiber length Receive fiber length Measurement is relative to the end of the launch fiber ajt28f eps Figure 3 5 OTDR Trace with Launch Compensation Enabled ...

Страница 84: ...e settings are saved with test results to identify the job site the cabling tested and the test direction See Chapter 2 foGr details Cable tab FIBER TYPE Select a fiber type that is appropriate for the type you will test You can select factory installed fiber types or custom types which you configure with the Edit Custom Test Limit function in FUNCTIONS See Chapter 10 for information on creating c...

Страница 85: ...r types are suitable for most applications Minor differences between the default n and a fiber s actual n usually do not make enough difference in length to fail a fiber Increasing n decreases measured length BACKSCATTER is the backscatter coefficient which indicates the amount of light the fiber reflects back to the OTDR using a 1 ns pulse This value is used to calculate event reflectance for OTD...

Страница 86: ...er 10 for information on creating custom limits Note Select a fiber type before selecting a test limit The fiber type determines which test limits are available WAVELENGTH You can test cabling at one or all the wavelengths supported by the installed module and the selected test limit Note If you select the dual wavelength setting be sure to select a fiber type and test limit that supports both wav...

Страница 87: ...n page 3 46 for details To see the settings used for an Auto OTDR test press C View Details on the OTDR SUMMARY screen then press A OTDR Settings On Functions menu Set Launch Fiber Compensation Compensating for the launch fiber marks the end of the launch fiber and the beginning of the receive fiber if used on the OTDR trace and removes these fibers losses lengths and attenuation coefficients from...

Страница 88: ...iber connector for scratches and other damage If a connector on the tester is damaged contact Fluke Networks for service information A poor OTDR connection increases the connector s deadzone as shown in Figure 3 7 The deadzone can hide faults near the OTDR connector A poor connection also decreases the light available for testing the fiber The weakened test signal causes a noisier trace poor event...

Страница 89: ... on trace Increased deadzone and tailing from dirty or damaged OTDR connection especially noticeable on 1300 nm trace Minimal deadzone and tailing from good OTDR connection Minimal noise on trace ajt34f eps Figure 3 7 Traces Showing Good and Bad OTDR Connections ...

Страница 90: ... along with the progress indicator Figure 3 8 shows an example of this screen The tester updates the trace as measurement averaging proceeds To end a Manual OTDR test and see the results after the next trace update press C Stop Averaging For dual wavelength tests press C twice once for each wavelength This softkey is not available for Auto OTDR tests ajt29f eps Figure 3 8 OFTM 573x Progress Screen...

Страница 91: ... ajt42f eps A Tester with OFTM 56xxB or OFTM 57xx module B Memory card optional C Spare battery pack optional D AC adapter with line cord optional E Launch fiber and receive fibers Match the fiber to be tested Match cable connectors at one end when possible F Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 3 9 Equipment for OTDR Tests ...

Страница 92: ...propriate 2 Select Auto OTDR mode On the HOME screen press A Change Test then select Auto OTDR 3 Clean the connectors on the launch fiber and the fiber to be tested 4 Connect to the tester s OTDR port to the cabling as shown in Figure 3 10 3 11 or 3 12 5 Press T to start the OTDR test 6 To save the results press s select or create a fiber ID then press s again ...

Страница 93: ...Using the OTDR Running the OTDR Test 3 3 19 ajt32f eps Figure 3 10 Connecting the OTDR to Installed Fiber no receive fiber ...

Страница 94: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 3 20 ajt01f eps Figure 3 11 Connecting the OTDR to Installed Fiber with receive fiber ...

Страница 95: ...Using the OTDR Running the OTDR Test 3 3 21 ajt33f eps Figure 3 12 Connecting the OTDR to Spooled Cable ...

Страница 96: ...ceded by a or less than or greater than symbol This may occur if the fiber is too long the signal is weak or events are too close together to distinguish losses In many cases the OTDR DETAILS screens show causes of the warning Press C View Details to see these screens FIBER LENGTH The length of the fiber in the cabling If the measured length seems wrong check the index of refraction on the Cable t...

Страница 97: ...unch and receive fiber compensation If the test ran at two wavelengths the highest loss of the two wavelengths is reported LARGEST EVENT The largest loss event on the cabling C View Details softkey Lets you see the overall results and event results along with the test limits These results include values measured by the selected test limit but not shown on other OTDR screens such as segment attenua...

Страница 98: ... trace press A View Trace from the OTDR SUMMARY screen or EVENT TABLE Figure 3 13 describes the readouts and navigational features on the OTDR screen Figure 3 14 describes the features of a typical OTDR trace K A H I J L C B E M F G D N ajt16f eps Figure 3 13 OTDR Trace Screen launch compensation disabled ...

Страница 99: ...verlay is active see page 3 29 The navigational cue above the softkey labels describes the arrow keys current function G Key for setting and clearing the measurement cursor See Using the Measurement Cursor on page 3 28 H Moves the cursor to the next event on the trace If you use K to move the cursor C changes to Previous Event and moves the cursor to the previous event I Displays the event table J...

Страница 100: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 3 26 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ajt15f eps Figure 3 14 Typical OTDR Trace Features ...

Страница 101: ...e event caused by a mechanical splice E Reflective event caused by the last connection in the cabling The dashed line marks the end of the fiber under test and the beginning of the receive fiber F Reflective event caused by the end of the receive fiber G Overall loss of the cabling Since launch and receive fiber compensation was used the overall loss excludes the loss of the launch and receive fib...

Страница 102: ...ous Event or K N to move the cursor to a starting point on the trace Pressing K or N sets the direction for the C softkey 3 Press D Set Mark to set the mark then use K N or C Next Event Previous Event to move the cursor to the desired ending point The following readouts appear on the screen Note To change between dB and dB km dB kft press F from the OTDR TRACE screen then select MARKER DELTA MODE ...

Страница 103: ...you can move the cursor 2 Press E until the navigational cue above the softkey labels says QZoom 3 Use L M and K N to magnify the trace vertically and horizontally If zooming places the feature you want to see off the screen press E unit the navigational cue says say OPan PCursor then use L MK N to move the feature into view Note The M L keys let you pan vertically only when the vertical zoom is g...

Страница 104: ...loss the tester determines the best fit line between two points using the least squares method to reduce the effects of noise N A N A is shown if the tester did not test at the wavelength N A is also shown if the tester could not determine the event s loss This occurs for hidden events because the event s details are obscured by the previous event s reflection This occurs for end events because no...

Страница 105: ...rom the EVENT TABLE or the OTDR SUMMARY screen Then use B Previous Event C Next Event to view the details for the segment before the event C View Details softkey Lets you see the overall results and event results along with the test limits These results include values measured by the selected test limit but not shown on other OTDR screens such as segment attenuation coefficients optical return los...

Страница 106: ...the reflection is not caused by a connector inspect the cable for tight bends or damage Use a visual fault locator to verify the fault OTDR PORT The tester s OTDR connector The tester identifies the OTDR port connection and grades its quality as shown on the OTDR DETAILS screen See OTDR Connection Quality on page 3 14 LAUNCH EVENT The end of the launch fiber RECEIVE EVENT The beginning of the rece...

Страница 107: ...dzone of the previous connection If the event is not a connection inspect the fiber near the event s location Use a visual fault locator to reveal faults Also see N A in Table 3 3 GHOST The event is a duplicate reflection caused by light bouncing back and forth between connectors Caused by a dirty or unseated connector highly reflective connector a connector with the wrong polish a sharp bend or a...

Страница 108: ...ith the wrong polish a sharp bend or a crack in a fiber Verify that the connector is seated properly Inspect connectors that cause ghosts If a connector does not seem to be the ghost source use a visual fault locator to check for bends or cracks near the ghost source A ghost may have multiple sources The tester identifies only one possible source Look for reflective events with high loss or excess...

Страница 109: ...not require rework Tip If you test the fiber from the other end the gainer event will show a loss Adding this loss to the event s gain provides the true loss of the event OUT OF RANGE The tester did not find an end event This can occur in Manual mode when the selected range is too short In Auto mode OUT OF RANGE can occur when the cabling is much longer than the module s range Rarely very bad conn...

Страница 110: ... if the tester is in Manual OTDR mode and the PULSE WIDTH is too narrow If the OTDR trace and event table show that the fiber is very short check for bad connections and broken fibers within a few meters of the tester NO FIBER No fiber is attached or the fiber is too short to measure No fiber is attached to the OTDR port the fiber is too short or there is a bad connector or broken fiber somewhere ...

Страница 111: ...nd of the cabling Also see N A in Table 3 3 Sorting Events You can sort the event table in ascending or descending order by the items in a column For example you could sort by the loss values in a wavelength column to put the events with the highest loss at the top of the table By default the table is sorted in ascending order by event location The table returns to this order when you exit the EVE...

Страница 112: ... light is reflected back which corresponds to better fiber performance For example a fiber with an ORL of 40 dB reflects less light back to a source than a fiber with an ORL of 32 dB Segment Attenuation Coefficient The attenuation per kilometer for the fiber segment before the event This value may not be shown if it could not be measured accurately This can occur on short segments or if the connec...

Страница 113: ... and save the results from END 1 4 On the Job tab change THIS END to END 2 then test all the cabling from the other end When you save each result use the same fiber ID you used for the results from the first end The ID will be in the IDs IN CURRENT FOLDER list Comparing OTDR Traces The trace overlay function lets you see two OTDR traces at the same time This lets you do the following Compare a lin...

Страница 114: ...d record This trace is the Comparison Trace 2 Press F This brings up the OTDR FUNCTIONS menu Figure 3 15 3 Select New Reference Trace 4 On the VIEW RECORDS screen select a record Only records with OTDR traces are shown The test s trace becomes the Reference Trace on the OTDR FUNCTIONS menu 5 Press e The reference trace stays on the plot until you turn off the trace overlay function ...

Страница 115: ... from the OTDR plot Reference Trace Comparison Trace The traces and wavelengths currently selected for the trace overlay function To select or deselect a wavelength highlight a trace name then press t OTDR PLOT GRID Turns the OTDR plot grid on and off MARKER DELTA MODE Sets the mode for the measurement cursors on the OTDR plot distance dB The cursor readout shows the difference in the power levels...

Страница 116: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 3 42 F G H C D E A B ajt68f eps Figure 3 16 Comparing OTDR Traces ...

Страница 117: ...se K to move the cursor C changes to Previous Event and moves the cursor to the previous event G Sets and clears the measurement cursor See Using the Measurement Cursor on page 3 28 H Changes the softkey and arrow key functions The navigational cue above the softkey labels indicates the arrow key functions OPan PCursor Use KN to move the cursor on the trace Use LM to move both traces up and down i...

Страница 118: ...icing procedures The OTDR can interfere with the light injection detection techniques used by some splicers Tip The real time trace function uses a lot of battery power To maximize the battery s life plug in the ac adapter when using this function for an extended period of time The real time trace has two modes auto length and fixed length Auto Length The tester updates its range and pulse width a...

Страница 119: ...race To run the real time trace test by pressing T use A Change Test on the HOME screen to set the test mode to Real Time Trace 4 During the test you may do the following To switch between Auto Length and Fixed Length press C To magnify the trace or use the measurement cursors press e then use the softkeys and arrow keys to zoom or set the cursors 5 To save the results press s select or create a f...

Страница 120: ...s on the OTDR SUMMARY screen then press A OTDR Settings The settings used may be slightly different from the nominal values selected on the OTDR tab Table 3 5 Manual OTDR Settings Setting Description and Selection Guidelines RANGE The range setting determines the maximum distance shown on the trace Select the range that is nearest to but not less than the distance to the event you want to study If...

Страница 121: ...ts but also increase test time Longer settings decrease test time but provide less accuracy and event detail Minimum Resolution for Each Range 400 m 3 cm 1 km 6 cm 2 km 12 cm 4 km 25 cm 8 km 50 cm RESOLUTION OFTM 561xB modules Auto the tester selects the shortest resolution that is valid with the RANGE setting Generally Auto is appropriate unless a shorter test time is more important than accuracy...

Страница 122: ...test time of 15 seconds per wavelength This setting is used for Auto OTDR mode and is the default for Manual OTDR mode Auto Test Time Adjusts the test parameters for a typical test time of 5 seconds per wavelength This setting speeds up testing but provides less accuracy and increased deadzones Auto Deadzone Adjusts the test parameters to minimize deadzones which reveals more detail in and around ...

Страница 123: ...oise between events With narrower pulses you may not be able to distinguish small loss events from the noise on the trace The narrowest pulses are not suitable for measuring loss since linearity is not guaranteed except on OFTM 57xx modules The backscatter level may be so low that it does not appear on the trace Wider pulses raise the backscatter level which provides a better signal to noise ratio...

Страница 124: ...n the trace by taking more measurements for averaging or by using wider pulse widths Therefore smaller values may increase test times or deadzones on the trace Auto sets the threshold to the default value of 0 1 dB To set the threshold to Auto press A Set to Auto on the SET LOSS THRESHOLD screen Note Setting a loss threshold does not guarantee that all events at or above the threshold will be foun...

Страница 125: ...ing OTDR Test Failures OVERALL LOSS fails There is one or more dirty or damaged connections in the cabling Check the OTDR trace or event table for high loss reflective events The wrong fiber type is selected on the OTDR tab in Setup A patch cord launch fiber or fiber segment has the wrong core size backscatter coefficient or mode field diameter If the patch cords and launch fiber are the correct t...

Страница 126: ...n or mechanical splice or a sharp bend Use the OTDR trace or event table to locate these faults FIBER LENGTH fails a known length of cabling measures too long or too short or the distance to an event is wrong The fiber is broken or there is an open connection where the trace shows the fiber end The wrong fiber type is selected on the Cable tab in Setup The index of refraction needs adjustment Chan...

Страница 127: ...ed or replaced A hook as shown in the bottom example can occur when a large reflection causes the OTDR detector s gain to become non linear A good connector with a sharp bend or crack within its deadzone If the cable is tightly bent the tester may indicate a break especially at longer wavelengths or in Manual OTDR mode with smaller resolution settings Use a visual fault locator to precisely locate...

Страница 128: ...f the event is a bend it may show higher loss at a longer wavelength Use a visual fault locator to verify the problem Bad mechanical splices should be reworked Large reflective event with gain a gainer A connector between mismatched fibers different backscatter coefficients core sizes numerical apertures or other parameters This example shows a smaller core size on the left connected to a larger c...

Страница 129: ...her end would show a loss at the event s location The difference between the gainer s value and the loss value is what the event s loss would be if the fibers were not mismatched Small loss event Bad fusion splice a splice between mismatched fibers or a bend A good fusion splice between matching fiber types typically shows only 0 1 dB to 0 3 dB of loss If the event is a bend it may show higher los...

Страница 130: ... a highly reflective connector or a connector that is not seated properly A poorly seated connector usually shows significant loss as shown in the example A connector with the wrong type of polish can also cause strong reflections that result in ghosts Ghosts caused by hidden events may not be identified as ghosts in the event table Tip On traces with multiple ghosts only the first ghost may be id...

Страница 131: ...s events are also not shown Note Since the ChannelMap function identifies only reflections it is not appropriate for finding fusion splices or angled physical contact APC connectors Running the Test Figure 4 1 shows the equipment required for ChannelMap tests 1 Select ChannelMap mode On the HOME screen press A Change Test then select ChannelMap 2 Select a fiber type on the Cable tab in Setup You d...

Страница 132: ...mapped as shown in Figure 4 2 7 Press T 8 To save the results press s select or create a fiber ID then press s again ajt48f eps A Tester with OTDR module B Memory card optional C Spare battery pack optional D AC adapter with line cord optional E Launch fiber or patch cord Match fiber to be tested Match cable connectors at one end SC at the other end F Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 4 1 Equipment f...

Страница 133: ...Using the ChannelMap Function Running the Test 4 4 3 ajt55f eps Figure 4 2 ChannelMap Test Connections ...

Страница 134: ... OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 4 4 ChannelMap Diagram Features Figure 4 3 describes the features of a ChannelMap diagram D B F C E A ajt25f eps Figure 4 3 ChannelMap Diagram Features ...

Страница 135: ...nnel The name is set by the END 1 or END 2 setting on the Job tab in Setup C The length of a segment or patch cord rounded to the nearest meter or foot D Press D to add a comment to the ChannelMap results E A reflective event usually a connector Could also be a mechanical splice or a reflective fault such as a sharp bend or a crack in the fiber F The near end of the channel The name is set by the ...

Страница 136: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 4 6 ...

Страница 137: ...cratches and other defects that can cause poor performance or failures in fiber optic networks The 250X magnification shows dirt and other defects on the fiber endface and surrounding ferrule The 400X magnification allows a more detailed inspection of the cladding and core Tip The FiberInspector function uses a lot of battery power To maximize battery life plug in the ac adapter when using this fu...

Страница 138: ... an adapter tip that matches the connector type being inspected onto the fiber probe 3 Clean the connector to be inspected 4 Press f If the message Camera Image Unavailable appears check the connections between the probe and the tester ajt43f eps A OptiFiber tester B Memory card optional C Spare battery pack optional D AC adapter with line cord optional E FiberInspector probe with adapter cable an...

Страница 139: ...tor screen 7 If you want to save the image or use the core size scale verify that the Magnification shown on the screen matches the probe s setting Press B Camera to change the magnification indicator 8 To save the results press s select or create a fiber ID then press s again Tip If you are saving FiberInspector images with test results save the image before testing the cabling ajt57f eps Figure ...

Страница 140: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 5 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 1 3 2 ajt62f eps Figure 5 3 FiberInspector Screen ...

Страница 141: ...mits for automatically grading endface images When the limit is Manual press C Grade Image to manually assign a grade D Press A More to toggle between the softkey sets E Press D Auto Center to quickly center the image You can also use the arrow keys to move the image F Press E Still to conserve battery life by capturing the image and turning off the probe In still mode you can also use the core si...

Страница 142: ... Examples Figure 5 4 shows some examples of FiberInspector images Dirt on core Clean with light at far end Dirty patch panel connector left uncovered Wiped with fingertip Scratched needs polishing Alcohol drying ajt23f eps Figure 5 4 FiberInspector Image Examples 250X on multimode fiber ...

Страница 143: ... is slid all the way onto the connector The core is not visible Shine a visible light into the other end of the fiber The scale for measuring core sizes is wrong and the wrong magnification value is shown Press B Camera to set the magnification to match the FiberInspector probe s setting 250X or 400X or turn the smaller ring on the probe to change magnification The image is just a black square Pre...

Страница 144: ...t match the setting on the FiberInspector probe To change the magnification press B Camera 2 Center the image press E Still to put the image in still mode then press B Show Scale The scale defaults to the core and cladding rings for the FIBER TYPE selected on the CABLE tab in SETUP If the wrong Core Size and scale rings are shown press D Change Scale 3 Use the Q softkeys to center the scale over t...

Страница 145: ...n provides the following features in addition to the OTDR module features described in Chapter 1 Measures optical power loss length and propagation delay on dual fiber cabling Provides pass fail results based on limits you enter or on factory installed limits FindFiber function helps you identify and verify optical connections The loss length option is available with OFTM 5612B and OFTM 5732 modul...

Страница 146: ...the Fluke Networks website or contact Fluke Networks for details Note The OptiFiber tester must have software version 1 8 8 or later to work with a DTX xFM2 smart remote OptiFiber software updates are available on the Fluke Networks website Changing the Connector Adapter You can change the module s input connector adapter Figure 6 1 to connect to SC ST LC and FC fiber connectors Additional adapter...

Страница 147: ...llowing 1 Locate the slot in the module connector and the key on the adapter ring 2 Holding the adapter so it does not turn in the nut align the adapter s key with the module connector s slot and slide the adapter onto the connector 3 Screw the nut onto the module connector amd37f eps Figure 6 1 SC ST LC and FC Connector Adapters ...

Страница 148: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 6 4 ajt61f eps Figure 6 2 Changing the Connector Adapter ...

Страница 149: ...imes against the endface then remove and dispose of the swab 3 Dry the endface with a dry swab by twisting it around in the adapter 3 to 5 times 4 Inspect the connector regularly with a fiber microscope such as the Fluke Networks FiberInspector Video Microscope Cleaning the INPUT Connector Note Typically the input connector requires cleaning only if it has been touched 1 Remove the connector adapt...

Страница 150: ... press S Table 6 1 Loss Length Test Settings SETUP Tab Setting Description Job tab Job settings The job settings are saved with test results to identify the job site the cables tested and the test direction Before you run a test you will save verify that the job and fiber ID information is correct See Chapter 2 for details Cable tab FIBER TYPE Select a fiber type that is appropriate for the type y...

Страница 151: ...nor differences between the tester s n and a fiber s actual n usually do not make enough difference in length to fail a fiber Increasing n decreases the reported length Loss Length tab TEST LIMIT The tester compares the loss length test results to the selected test limits to produce PASS or FAIL results You can select factory installed limits or custom limits configured with the Edit Custom Test L...

Страница 152: ...art Remote THIS UNIT For Smart Remote mode using an OptiFiber tester as the remote set one tester to Main and the other to Remote Use the Main tester to run tests and save results For Loopback and Far End Source modes set the tester to Main Loss Length Tab BI DIRECTIONAL When enabled in Smart Remote or Loopback mode the tester prompts you to swap the test connections halfway through the test The t...

Страница 153: ... Loss results include connections at both ends of the link The reference and test connections shown in this Chapter produce Method B results See About Method B Connections on page 6 13 Method C Loss results exclude connections at the ends of the link Only the fiber loss is measured Different standards have different names for the three test methods See Appendix A for details The TEST METHOD settin...

Страница 154: ...ce is set Figure 6 3 shows an example of how to determine the NUMBER OF ADAPTERS setting Loss length test limits that include maximum values for the loss per km loss per connector and loss per splice use a calculated limit for overall loss Only limits with all three values use a calculated loss limit For example fiber backbone limits use a calculated loss limit The OVERALL LOSS value should be N A...

Страница 155: ...Using the Loss Length Option Loss Length Test Settings 6 6 11 ajt22f eps Figure 6 3 Example of How to Determine the NUMBER OF ADAPTERS Setting ...

Страница 156: ...ence test cord length optional After you set a reference you can enter the lengths of the reference test cords used The lengths are saved with results to meet TSB 140 reporting requirements for fiber test results Set after pressing T Wavelength In Smart Remote and Loopback modes the tester automatically tests at both wavelengths supported by the installed module In Far End Source mode the tester p...

Страница 157: ... Appendix B for alternative connections that produce Method B results To test links with different connectors at each end see The Alternate Method in Appendix B or visit the Fluke Networks Knowledge Base for suggestions About Setting the Reference The reference serves as the baseline power level for loss measurements Regular referencing helps account for minor variations in source power and connec...

Страница 158: ... Remote Mode Testing in Loopback Mode and Testing in Far End Source Mode for details on setting the reference for each mode To see the reference information for the current remote end setup select Set Loss Length Reference from the Functions menu then press A View Settings Table 6 2 shows typical reference values Table 6 2 Typical Reference Values Smart Remote and Loopback Modes Far End Source Mod...

Страница 159: ...ropriate standard for mandrel requirements if you follow other standards Table 6 3 shows a partial list of mandrel requirements for TIA and ISO standards Figure 6 4 shows how to wrap the fiber around a mandrel Place mandrels on the tester s output fibers as shown in Figures 6 6 through 6 13 In the reference and test connection diagrams shown on the tester mandrels are indicated by a loop in the fi...

Страница 160: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 6 16 ajt02f eps Figure 6 4 Wrapping a Reference Test Cord Around a Mandrel ...

Страница 161: ...mode ajt44f eps A Tester with OFTM 5612B or OFTM 5732 module and smart remote DTX remote shown Match connector adapters to the connectors in the link B Memory card optional C Spare battery pack optional D Two ac adapters with line cords optional E Two duplex reference test cords Match the fiber to be tested Connectors for the tester and remote outputs must be SC For the others match the connectors...

Страница 162: ...test cord connectors 5 On the main tester press F then select Set Loss Length Reference 6 Make the connections shown on the SET REFERENCE screen and in Figure 6 6 then press t 7 Optional From the TEST SETUP screen you can enter reference test cord lengths to meet TSB 140 reporting requirements Use L to highlight a reference test cord number press t then enter a length Press N when you are done 8 P...

Страница 163: ...Using the Loss Length Option Testing in Smart Remote Mode 6 6 19 ajt05f eps Figure 6 6 Smart Remote Mode Reference Connections Method B ...

Страница 164: ...port For auto incrementing fiber IDs with bi directional testing connect the fiber with the lower ID to the main tester s OUTPUT port 4 Press T to start the loss length test 5 If Open or Unknown appears as the status try the following Verify that all connections are good For an OptiFiber smart remote verify that the remote tester is set to Remote on its Loss Length tab in Setup Verify that the rem...

Страница 165: ...Using the Loss Length Option Testing in Smart Remote Mode 6 6 21 ajt08f eps Figure 6 7 Smart Remote Mode Test Connections Method B ...

Страница 166: ...press A View Results Table 6 5 describes the RESULTS screen Table 6 4 Smart Remote Mode SUMMARY Screen Features Item Description FIBER LENGTH The length of the fiber in the cabling HEADROOM The smallest loss margin found for all the wavelengths and directions tested To see all the margins press A View Results PASS FAIL PASS All measurements are within the limits FAIL One or more measurements excee...

Страница 167: ...lts for both test directions Press A to switch between the results for each fiber PASS The measurement in the column is within the limit FAIL The measurement in the column exceeds the limit RESULT The loss length or propagation delay result for the fiber Propagation delay is half of the time taken for the signal to travel from the tester s OUTPUT connector to the INPUT connector minus the delay of...

Страница 168: ...k mode to test spools of cable segments of uninstalled cable patch cords reference test cords and launch fibers In this mode the tester measures loss length and propagation delay at two wavelengths in one or both directions Figure 6 8 shows the equipment required for loss length testing in Loopback mode ...

Страница 169: ... Spare battery pack optional D AC adapter with line cord optional E Duplex reference test cord Match the fiber to be tested Connector for the tester s output must be SC For the others match the connectors in the link F Two adapters of the appropriate type G Mandrel Recommended when testing multimode fiber See page 6 15 H Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 6 8 Equipment for Testing in Loopback Mode ...

Страница 170: ...own on the SET REFERENCE screen and in Figure 6 9 then press t 6 Optional From the TEST SETUP screen you can enter reference test cord lengths to meet TSB 140 reporting requirements Use L to highlight a reference test cord number press t then enter a length Press N when you are done 7 Press C OK to leave the TEST SETUP screen WCaution Do not disconnect the reference test cords from the tester afte...

Страница 171: ...Using the Loss Length Option Testing in Loopback Mode 6 6 27 ajt06f eps Figure 6 9 Loopback Mode Reference Connections Method B ...

Страница 172: ...for 5 minutes 2 Select Loss Length mode On the HOME screen press A Change Test then select Loss Length 3 Clean the connectors on the cabling to be tested 4 Connect the tester to the cabling as shown in Figure 6 10 5 Press T to start the loss length test 6 To save the results press s select or create a fiber ID then press s again Loopback Mode Test Results The SUMMARY screen which appears when the ...

Страница 173: ...Using the Loss Length Option Testing in Loopback Mode 6 6 29 ajt09f eps Figure 6 10 Loopback Mode Test Connections Method B ...

Страница 174: ...n FIBER LENGTH The length of the fiber in the cabling This is the total length between the INPUT and OUTPUT connectors HEADROOM The smallest margin found for all the wavelengths tested To see all the margins press A View Results PASS FAIL PASS All measurements are within the limits FAIL One or more measurements exceeds the limits ...

Страница 175: ...d PASS The measurement in the column is within the limit FAIL The measurement in the column exceeds the limit RESULT The loss length or propagation delay result for the fiber loop Propagation delay is time taken for the signal to travel from the tester s OUTPUT connector to the INPUT connector minus the delay of the reference test cords and adapters Too High is shown if the loss is too high to mea...

Страница 176: ...d can store dual wavelength results from both directions Far End Source mode requires a stand alone optical source such as a Fluke Networks DTX Smart Remote with a fiber module a SimpliFiber source or a LS 1310 1550 Laser Source Far End Source mode is available on OFTM 5611B OFTM 5612B OFTM 5731 and OFTM 5732 modules Required Equipment Figure 6 11 shows the equipment required for measuring loss in...

Страница 177: ...tical source SimplFiber source shown C Memory card optional D Spare battery pack optional E AC adapter with line cord optional F Two reference test cords Match the fiber to be tested Match the tester source and link connectors as shown in Figures 6 12 and 6 13 G Mandrel Recommended when testing multimode fiber See page 6 15 H Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 6 11 Equipment for Testing in Far End Sou...

Страница 178: ... end source and verify the output is set to the correct wavelength and is in continuous wave mode 7 Highlight a wavelength then press t 8 Optional From the TEST SETUP screen you can enter reference test cord lengths to meet TSB 140 reporting requirements Use L to highlight a reference test cord number press t then enter a length Press N when you are done 9 Press C OK to leave the TEST SETUP screen...

Страница 179: ...Using the Loss Length Option Testing in Far End Source Mode 6 6 35 ajt07f eps Figure 6 12 Far End Source Mode Reference Connections Method B ...

Страница 180: ...t a wavelength for the test Auto is used with SimpliFiber sources as described in the next section 8 To test at a second wavelength repeat steps 5 through 7 9 To save the results press s select or create a fiber ID then press s again If you tested at two wavelengths both are stored in the same record Using Auto Wavelength Detection with SimpliFiber Sources OFTM 5731 and OFTM 5732 Modules A Fluke N...

Страница 181: ...Using the Loss Length Option Testing in Far End Source Mode 6 6 37 ajt10f eps Figure 6 13 Far End Source Mode Test Connections Method B ...

Страница 182: ... test is finished is described in Table 6 8 To see more detailed results press A View Results Table 6 9 describes the RESULTS screen Table 6 8 Far End Source Mode SUMMARY Screen Features Item Description HEADROOM The difference between the measured loss and the limit PASS FAIL PASS The loss is within the limit FAIL The loss exceeds the limit ...

Страница 183: ...ND is set to END 1 PASS The measurement in the column is within the limit FAIL The measurement in the column exceeds the limit RESULT The loss of the fiber Too High is shown if the loss is too high to measure If loss is negative set the reference and test the cabling again See Table 6 10 for details LIMIT The maximum loss allowed by the selected test limit MARGIN The difference between the limit a...

Страница 184: ... end of the cabling Swap the connections at the patch panel not at the tester s ports 5 Press s to save the test Bi Directional Testing in Far End Source Mode 1 On the Job tab in Setup enter names for END 1 and END 2 to identify the ends of the cabling Name END 1 as the end you will test first 2 Set THIS END to END 1 3 Test all the cabling and save the results from END 1 4 On the Job tab change TH...

Страница 185: ... is bad and you do not use launch and receive fibers the OTDR test may pass because it does include the loss of the bad connection See About Launch and Receive Fibers in Chapter 3 for details The number of adapters or splices on the Cable tab in Setup is too low for limits that use a calculated loss value The wrong fiber type is selected on the Cable tab in Setup The reference is incorrect Set the...

Страница 186: ...ncing There was a kink in a reference reference test cord during referencing The connectors were not properly aligned during referencing Some other problem caused a bad reference value If loss is negative set the reference again and retest the cabling A known length of cable measures too long or too short The wrong fiber type is selected on the Cable tab in Setup The index of refraction needs adju...

Страница 187: ...to help you determine which fibers go to which connectors at a patch panel Figure 6 14 shows the equipment needed for using FindFiber in Smart Remote mode ajt50f eps A Tester with OFTM 5612B or OFTM 5732 module and smart remote DTX remote shown Match connector adapters to the connectors in the link B Spare battery pack optional C Two ac adapters with line cords optional D Two duplex reference test...

Страница 188: ... input fiber s Link Status shows CONNECTED 5 Then try various connections with the main tester s OUTPUT fiber until the output fiber s Link Status shows CONNECTED Table 6 11 shows the main tester results for Smart Remote mode Table 6 11 Main Tester Results for FindFiber Test Smart Remote Mode Link Status INPUT Fiber OUTPUT Fiber Description OPEN UNKNOWN The main tester s INPUT fiber path is not co...

Страница 189: ...Using the Loss Length Option Finding Connections with FindFiber 6 6 45 Smart remote Connect the INPUT fiber first TALK ajt26f eps Figure 6 15 Using FindFiber in Smart Remote Mode ...

Страница 190: ...TPUT fiber to one end of the fiber path as shown in Figure 6 17 3 Press F select FindFiber then press T 4 Try various connections with the INPUT fiber The Link Status shows LOOPBACK for both fibers when the path is complete ajt49f eps A Tester with OFTM 5612B or OFTM 5732 module Match connector adapter to the connectors in the link B Spare battery pack optional C AC adapter with line cord optional...

Страница 191: ...Using the Loss Length Option Finding Connections with FindFiber 6 6 47 ajt27f eps Figure 6 17 Using FindFiber in Loopback Mode ...

Страница 192: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 6 48 ...

Страница 193: ...d bad splices These faults scatter the locator s light causing a red glow in the affected area Reveal high loss bends If the locator s light is visible around a bend in a fiber the bend is too sharp Reveal problems in connectors A damaged fiber inside a connector causes a red glow in the connector Optimize mechanical splices and pre polished connectors Before sealing the splice or connector adjust...

Страница 194: ... SC ST or FC To connect to other ferrule sizes use a patch cord with the appropriate connector at one end and a SC ST or FC connector at the tester end ajt04f eps A Tester with OFTM 573x module B AC adapter with line cord optional C One patch cord Match the fiber and connectors to be tested SC ST or FC at tester end optional D Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 7 1 Equipment for Using the Visual Fault...

Страница 195: ...E screen or Press F then select Visual Fault Locator 4 To toggle between continuous wave and pulse modes press B 5 To turn the VFL off and on press D 6 Look for the glow to locate fibers or faults as shown in Figure 7 2 Tip To more quickly locate the VFL s light at a patch panel view the light indirectly by holding a white card or paper in front of the fiber connector emitting the light Note The l...

Страница 196: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 7 4 ajt03f eps Figure 7 2 Using the Visual Fault Locator ...

Страница 197: ...e card or optical test equipment You can also monitor the power received at the end of the cabling You can monitor power at 850 nm 1300 nm 1310 nm and 1550 nm The power meter option is available with OFTM 56x1B OFTM 56x2B OFTM 5731 and OFTM 5732 modules Note The power meter option also lets you measure loss in Far End Source mode See Chapter 6 for details ...

Страница 198: ...st press B Change Wavelength WCaution If the tester shows an error because the power reading is too high immediately disconnect the source from the tester The tester is not designed for measuring higher power levels such as produced by CATV optical amplifiers and cellular systems Figure 8 3 describes the power meter screen Using Auto Wavelength Detection with SimpliFiber Sources OFTM 5731 and OFTM...

Страница 199: ...k or optical source to be tested B Memory card optional C Spare battery pack optional D AC adapter with line cord optional E One reference test cord cord Match the fiber in the link or the type usually connected to the source Match the tester s INPUT connector at one end and the link or source connector at the other end F Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 8 1 Equipment for Power Meter Tests ...

Страница 200: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 8 4 ajt11f eps Figure 8 2 Connections for Monitoring Optical Power ...

Страница 201: ...he tester The tester is not designed for measuring higher power levels such as produced by CATV optical amplifiers and cellular systems To toggle between dBm decibels relative to 1 mW and µW microwatts press A 1 2 4 3 ajt66f eps To restart the recording of minimum and maximum values press C Reset Min Max B The wavelength being measured To change the wavelength press B Change Wavelength C The curre...

Страница 202: ...us wave The modulated output produces a lower power reading than the continuous wave output Verify that all patch cords and adapters are good and are of the appropriate type and core size for the source If you are measuring the power received through cabling use the OTDR to check the cabling for faults WCaution Disconnect the source before connecting the OTDR to the cabling Live sources can damage...

Страница 203: ...elect CURRENT FOLDER on the Job tab Tip To avoid confusion regarding the location of test records save test results on a memory card whenever possible You can save results from any fiber test except the real time trace Each test record can hold bi directional results from each type of test except ChannelMap which you run in just one direction The test direction assigned to saved results is determi...

Страница 204: ...e records that include video probe endface images take more memory than records without images The maximum amount of internal memory available for test results depends on the space taken by the tester s software and custom limits Notes Memory card folders can store a maximum of 500 records each Loss length tests in Smart Remote mode take up two test records one for each fiber OptiFiber software ve...

Страница 205: ...rrent memory destination Available Memory The approximate number of test records you can save in the memory destination The exact number depends on the selected test mode test limits and other test settings as well as the length of the cables you test Bar graphs for test types PM Power Meter tests L L Loss Length tests OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometer and ChannelMap tests ENDFACE FiberInspec...

Страница 206: ...e card s electrical contacts are dirty use a pencil eraser to clean them Keep the card out of direct sunlight and away from extreme heat or humidity Do not drop the card on hard surfaces Keep the card dry Reviewing and Managing Saved Records Table 9 2 describes the functions available for managing saved records on the tester To manage records on a PC use LinkWare software See the LinkWare document...

Страница 207: ... RECORDS screen Press C Sort Field on the VIEW RECORDS screen Select a field name then press B Ascending or C Descending The sorting order applies to all folders The default order is ascending by date and time the most recent test is at the top of the list The sorting order reverts to the default when you upload the records to a PC See the tests saved in a record Use L or M to highlight the record...

Страница 208: ... press t Delete records On the VIEW RECORDS screen press B Delete then select the desired delete function Rename a record Select the record on the VIEW RECORDS screen then press C Rename Record on the RECORD SUMMARY screen Clear the internal memory which moves records from internal memory to a memory card 1 On the Job tab in Setup set the CURRENT FOLDER to the desired location on the memory card 2...

Страница 209: ...URRENT FOLDER or create a new folder Press v then press A Change Folder or Press S then select CURRENT FOLDER on the Job tab Note You cannot create folders in internal memory Deleting Folders To delete a folder 1 Delete all the records in the folder you want to delete 2 On the Job tab in Setup or from the VIEW RECORDS screen set the CURRENT FOLDER to a folder other than the one you want to delete ...

Страница 210: ...l see a jobfolders folder which contains all the job folders created on the card The jobfolders folder is not visible on the tester or in LinkWare Test records are stored in job folders as tst files WCaution You may use a PC to move or copy test record tst files from a memory card but do not rename the tst files Doing so may result in loss of data ...

Страница 211: ... the list of fiber types and are stored in the mainframe not the module 1 Press F then select Edit Custom Test Limit 2 Press C Edit Fiber Types 3 On the FIBER TYPE LIST screen do one of the following To see any fiber s properties select it from the list Note Selecting a factory installed fiber type lets you see the fiber s properties but you cannot edit them To edit a custom fiber type select it f...

Страница 212: ...he fiber type using the existing fiber type name press s To edit the name press E Edit Name Press s when you are finished entering a fiber name To select a custom fiber type to use for testing press S select FIBER TYPE on the Cable tab then select the fiber type from the list Custom fiber types are marked with asterisks To delete a custom fiber type do the following 1 Press F then select Edit Cust...

Страница 213: ...ckscatter coefficient which indicates the amount of light the fiber reflects back to the OTDR using a 1 ns pulse This value is used to calculate event reflectance for OTDR tests Enter the backscatter coefficient of the fiber under test if known This value is specified by many fiber manufacturers Modal Bandwidth Limitation on the bandwidth of multimode fiber due to different arrival times of the fi...

Страница 214: ...NLM to highlight a fiber type then press t Note Selecting a factory installed fiber type lets you see the fiber s properties but you cannot edit them To add a fiber type to the custom limit press A Add Fiber Type then select a fiber type from the list or press A Create Fiber Type to create a new type See the previous section for details on fiber properties To remove a fiber type highlight the fibe...

Страница 215: ...ng fiber type or create a new type press A Add Fiber Type To delete a fiber type press B Remove Fiber Type B The limit s name Press C Edit Name to change the name C Lists of OTDR and loss length limits for each fiber type Exist is shown if a limit is present a dash is shown if no limit is present To see or edit a limit highlight a cell under OTDR LIMIT or LL LIMIT then press t D Space for test lim...

Страница 216: ...ber in the cabling You may also enter a minimum loss value if receiver saturation is an issue in the installation Segment Attenuation Coeff Enter a maximum value of attenuation per kilometer for a fiber segment in the cabling Note The segment attenuation coefficient for shorter segments 50 m to 500 m depending on wavelength and fiber characteristics may not be measurable Overall Attenuation Coeff ...

Страница 217: ...er and Loss per Splice Loss per km Loss per Connector Loss per Splice Enter a maximum value of attenuation per kilometer for the entire length of the cabling Enter a maximum loss for one connector Enter a maximum loss for one splice The tester uses these values only if you enter all three Otherwise it uses the Overall Loss value When you enter all three values the tester calculates the maximum los...

Страница 218: ...lect TEST LIMIT on a test s tab then select the limit from the list Custom test limits are marked with asterisks To delete a custom limit do the following 1 Press F then select Edit Custom Test Limit 2 Select the limit then press B Delete Limit If the Limit or Fiber Type is Not Valid If the tester says that the limit or fiber type is not valid when you try to run a test you may need to add more pa...

Страница 219: ...l parts yourself will void the test tool s warranty and might compromise its safety features Use only specified replacement parts for user replaceable items Use only Fluke Networks authorized service centers WCaution Replacing electrical parts yourself might void the test tool s calibration and compromise its accuracy If the calibration is void cable manufacturers might not extend their warranty t...

Страница 220: ...etermine if your tester needs a software update visit the Fluke Networks website to see if an update is available You can update an OptiFiber tester s software with LinkWare via a PC or with the tester s software update function via a memory card WCaution To avoid unexpected loss of power connect the ac adapter to the tester when updating the software Notes Updating the software does not affect te...

Страница 221: ... and the module Generally you should not change these choices except to select languages to install or remove 5 Click Start to start the update process 6 The OptiFiber tester reboots after the update is complete To verify the update press A Version Info from the HOME screen 7 If you have additional modules to update install each module in the tester and repeat steps 4 5 and 6 Updating via a Memory...

Страница 222: ... through 6 then leave the card in the reader for a minute or so to ensure the files are completely copied 7 Put the memory card into the OptiFiber tester 8 Install a module in the OptiFiber mainframe then turn on the tester 9 Press F on OptiFiber then select Install Software Update The tester makes initial choices on which software to install based on the versions currently installed in the mainfr...

Страница 223: ...ximum 5 m Launch and receive fiber length 100 m minimum for multimode 130 m minimum for singlemode To ensure optimum performance from your tester get replacement reference test cords and launch fibers from Fluke Networks Replacing the Battery Replace the lithium ion battery pack when its life becomes noticeably shorter The battery is normally good for up to 400 charge discharge cycles Note Dispose...

Страница 224: ... lit on the battery s gauge Check the battery every 4 months and recharge if necessary Keep a battery attached to the tester during storage Removing the battery for long periods shortens the life of the lithium battery that maintains the clock See Environmental and Regulatory Specifications on page 11 17 for storage temperatures Calibration The tester requires a traceable calibration once a year t...

Страница 225: ...nformation about the error Getting Help If Table 11 1 does not help you solve a problem with the tester contact Fluke Networks for additional help See Chapter 1 for contact information If possible have the tester s serial number software and hardware versions and calibration date available Press EVersion Info from the HOME display to see this information For warranty information refer to the warra...

Страница 226: ...Symptom 3 A module is installed but the message No Module Installed Problem with Module or The module needs a software update shows on the screen The module and mainframe may have incompatible software versions Install the latest software version in the module and mainframe Verify that the module is pushed completely into the mainframe Inspect the module and mainframe connectors for contamination ...

Страница 227: ...d contact Fluke Networks for service information Symptom 8 A loss length test produces a negative loss reading There is a problem with the reference Set the reference and test the cabling again See Diagnosing Loss Length Test Failures in Chapter 6 for details Symptom 9 Test results appear to be incorrect The tester may not be configured correctly If you are using Manual OTDR mode try testing in Au...

Страница 228: ...dapter OFTM 5610B Multimode OTDR module with power meter option removable cleanable SC OTDR adapter and interchangeable SC power meter adapter OFTM 5611B Multimode OTDR module with power meter and loss length option removable cleanable SC OTDR adapter and interchangeable SC power meter adapter OFTM 5612B Singlemode OTDR module with removable cleanable SC OTDR adapter OFTM 5730 Singlemode OTDR modu...

Страница 229: ... SC adapter OFSR SFM2 DTX Smart Remote module multimode with interchangeable SC adapter OFSR MFM2 32 MB Secure Digital memory card DTX SMC32 64 MB Secure Digital memory card DTX SMC64 32 MB MultiMedia memory card DSP MMC32 Carrying case for up to 8 memory cards MMC CASE Memory card reader with USB interface DSP MCR U Launch fiber multimode 62 5 µm SC SC 100 m gray zipper NFK1 LAUNCH Launch fiber m...

Страница 230: ... μm SC LC 100 m gray zipper NFK1 LAUNCH LC Launch fiber multimode 50 μm SC LC 100 m aqua zipper NFK2 LAUNCH LC Launch fiber singlemode 9 μm SC LC 130 m yellow zipper NFK3 LAUNCH LC Launch fiber multimode 62 5 μm SC FC 100 m gray zipper NFK1 LAUNCH FC Launch fiber multimode 50 μm SC FC 100 m aqua zipper NFK2 LAUNCH FC Launch fiber singlemode 9 μm SC FC 130 m yellow zipper NFK3 LAUNCH FC Launch fibe...

Страница 231: ... adapters for OFTM 573x and DTX Fiber Module inputs set of two NFA FC SC SC to SC SC duplex 62 5 µm 125 µm reference test cords 2 m set of two NFK1 DPLX SC SC LC to LC LC duplex 62 5 µm 125 µm reference test cords 2 m set of two NFK1 DPLX LC SC ST to ST ST duplex 62 5 µm 125 µm reference test cords 2 m set of two NFK1 DPLX ST SC FC to FC FC duplex 62 5 µm 125 µm reference test cords 2 m set of two...

Страница 232: ... reference test cord 2 m set of two NFK3 DPLX SC SC LC to LC LC duplex singlemode reference test cord 2 m set of two NFK3 DPLX LC SC ST to ST ST duplex singlemode reference test cord 2 m set of two NFK3 DPLX ST SC FC to FC FC duplex singlemode reference test cord 2 m set of two NFK3 DPLX FC Mandrel kit two mandrels for 50 µm 125 µm fiber with 3 mm jackets two mandrels for 62 5 µm 125 µm fiber with...

Страница 233: ...Lithium ion battery pack OFBP LI Soft carrying case OFCC SOFTCASE Hard carrying case OFCC HCASE Memory card softcase MMC CASE Fiber optic cleaning kit NF430 MT RJ adapter tip for FiberInspector Video Probe NF360 LC adapter tip for FiberInspector Video Probe NF362 MU adapter tip for FiberInspector Video Probe NF364 E2000 adapter tip for FiberInspector Video Probe NF366 continued ...

Страница 234: ...11 3 Accessories cont Accessory Fluke Networks Model Number SimpliFiber 1310 Source SC 8251 11 SimpliFiber 1550 Source SC 8251 12 SimpliFiber 850 1300 Source SC 8251 13 LinkWare Cable Test Management Software CD LinkWare LinkWare Stats Statistical Report Option LinkWare Stats ...

Страница 235: ...without condensation 95 50 F to 95 F 10 o C to 35 o C 75 95 F to 104 F 35 o C to 40 o C uncontrolled 50 F 10 o C Vibration Random 2 g 5 Hz 500 Hz Shock 1 m drop test with and without module Safety CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992 EN 61010 1 1st Edition Amendments 1 2 Altitude 3000 m EMC EN 61326 1 Using battery power With ac power 0 o C to 45 o C Real Time Trace function used for no more than 5 minutes in...

Страница 236: ...25 cm resolution 30 s for two wavelengths at 400 m with 3 cm resolution1 Output input connector Removable cleanable SC adapter UPC polish Emitter type Fabry Perot laser diode Laser classification Class I CDRH Complies to EN 60825 2 Output wavelengths 850 nm 20 nm 1300 nm 20 nm Fiber types tested 50 125 µm or 62 5 125 µm multimode 1 For Auto OTDR mode Manual OTDR mode 100 s ...

Страница 237: ...sh reflectance 37 dB multimode using narrowest pulse width 4 ns at 850 nm 8 ns otherwise at near end 100 m which excludes dispersion See Figure 11 1 3 Measured at 0 5 dB beyond backscatter for typical connector with UPC polish reflectance of 37 dB multimode using 40 ns pulse width 20 ns at 850 nm at near end 100 m which excludes dispersion See Figure 11 1 4 Distance ranges for typical fiber loss F...

Страница 238: ...accuracy 9 10 4 dB Optical return loss accuracy 9 10 4 dB Minimum pulse width 850 nm 4 ns 1300 nm 8 ns Real time trace refresh rate 2 updates per second typical 6 6 dB above the noise floor 7 Does not apply to event table 8 Not applicable to OTDR tests using the narrowest pulse width 4 ns at 850 nm 8 ns otherwise 9 Not applicable to OTDR tests using the narrowest pulse width 4 ns at 850 nm 8 ns ot...

Страница 239: ...OTDR mode user selectable from 15 seconds to 3 minutes Auto Auto Test Time and Auto Deadzone settings 5 seconds to 3 minutes Output input connector Removable cleanable SC adapter UPC polish Emitter type Fabry Perot laser diode Laser classification Class I CDRH Complies to EN 60825 2 Output wavelengths 1310 nm 25 nm 1550 nm 30 nm Fiber types tested 9 125 µm singlemode continued ...

Страница 240: ...B reflection using 5 ns pulse width Refer to Figure 11 1 2 For singlemode measured at 0 5 dB beyond the backscatter for a typical singlemode UPC connector 50 dB reflection using 20 ns pulse width Figure 11 1 3 For typical fiber with backscatter coefficients of 77 dB at 1310 nm and 82 dB at 1550 nm 4 Distance ranges for loss in a typical fiber Greater than 3 dB above the noise floor at 60 km 5 EDZ ...

Страница 241: ...0 nm 24 mW pk Loss threshold 0 01 dB to 1 50 dB inclusive settable in 0 01 dB increments Distance accuracy 8 1 m 0 005 of distance 50 of resolution index of refraction error Linearity 0 05 dB dB Sampling resolution 3 cm to 400 cm 6 For typical fiber with backscatter coefficients of 77 dB at 1310 nm and 82 dB at 1550 nm 7 SNR 1 method Subtract 1 8 dB to compare to Telecordia 98 method 3 minutes of ...

Страница 242: ...eturn loss accuracy 10 4 dB Pulse widths nominal 1310 1550 nm 5 ns 20 ns 40 ns 100 ns 300 ns 1µs 3 µs 10 µs Real time trace refresh rate 2 updates per second typical 9 Not applicable to hidden events or 5 ns pulse width does not include error due to backscatter coefficient 10 Not applicable to 5 ns pulse width does not include error due to backscatter coefficient ...

Страница 243: ...Source mode Input connector Interchangeable SC ST FC LC non contact Detector type InGaAs Calibrated wavelengths 850 nm 1300 1310 nm 1550 nm Power measurement range 1300 1310 nm and 1550 nm 0 dBm to 60 dBm 850 nm 0 dBm to 52 dBm Display resolution dB or dBm 0 01 Linear µW 400 1 40 0 1 4 0 01 0 4 0 001 0 4 0 0001 continued ...

Страница 244: ...when used with a SimpliFiber source Re calibration period 1 year Display update rate 1 reading per second 1 Under the following conditions Power level 20 dBm continuous wave At 850 nm 62 5 125 µm fiber with 0 275 NA At 1310 nm and 1550 nm 9 125 µm Ambient temperature 23 o C 5 o C 2 Linearity for 1300 nm 1310 nm and 1550 nm Between 0 dBm and 55 dBm 0 1 dB 55 dBm 0 2 dB 3 Linearity for 850 dBm Betwe...

Страница 245: ... fibers Far End Source mode 4 5 s Loopback mode 5 s typical Smart Remote detection 3 s Smart Remote mode unidirectional 15 s Smart Remote mode bi directional 30 s plus time to swap fibers Output connector SC with PC polish SC with PC polish Input connector Interchangeable SC ST FC LC non contact Interchangeable SC ST FC LC non contact Fiber types tested 9 125 µm to 62 5 125 µm multimode 9 125 µm s...

Страница 246: ...60 km for Far End Source mode2 Length measurement accuracy 1 5 m plus 2 of length 1 5 m plus 2 of length Propagation time accuracy 15 ns plus 2 of propagation time 15 ns plus 2 of propagation time Output power nominal 20 dBm minimum 19 5 dB nominal 8 dBm minimum 7 dBm nominal Output power stability over 8 hour period after 5 minute warmup 0 1 dB at 73 F 23 o C 0 1 dB at 73 F 23 o C Detector type I...

Страница 247: ...nglemode Modules Calibrated wavelengths 850 nm 1300 1310 nm 1550 nm Auto wavelength detect On OFTM 573x modules when used with a SimpliFiber source Power measurement range 850 nm 0 dBm to 52 dBm 1300 1310 nm and 1550 nm 0 dBm to 60 dBm Display Resolution dB or dBm display 0 01 Linear display µW 400 1 40 0 1 4 0 01 0 4 0 001 0 4 0 0001 continued ...

Страница 248: ...ote communication and nominal length measurement 12 dB 22 dB Re calibration period 1 year 1 year Display update rate 1 reading per second 1 reading per second 3 Under the following conditions Power level 20 dBm continuous wave At 850 nm 62 5 125 µm fiber with 0 275 NA At 1310 nm and 1550 nm 9 125 µm Ambient temperature 23 o C 5 o C 4 Linearity for 1300 nm 1310 nm and 1550 nm Between 0 dBm and 55 d...

Страница 249: ...olled by the OptiFiber software no hardware switch Output power into SM fiber 316 µw 5 dBm peak power 1 0 mw 0 dbm Operating wavelength 650 nm nominal Spectral width RMS 3 nm Output modes Continuous wave and pulse mode 2 Hz 3 Hz blink frequency Connector adapter 2 5 mm universal Laser safety Class II CDRH Complies to EN 60825 2 ...

Страница 250: ...and Compliance P Conformite Europeene Conforms to the requirements of the European Union and the European Free Trade Association EFTA Listed by the Canadian Standards Association Memory for Test Results Test results can be stored on a removable MultiMediaCard MMC Secure Digital SD memory card or in internal memory Memory card capacity depends on the type of records saved Typical capacity for a 16 ...

Страница 251: ...onnections for the cable and the 9 to 25 pin adapter available from Fluke Networks Table 11 4 RS 232 Interface Cable Connections Tester End female DB9 PC End female DB9 Signal Name Pin Direction Pin Signal Name Data carrier detect 1 4 Data terminal ready Receive data 2 3 Transmit data Transmit data 3 2 Receive data Data terminal ready 4 1 Data carrier detect Signal ground 5 5 Signal ground Not con...

Страница 252: ...mini DIN PS 2 Video Port for FiberInspector Probe NTSC input jack Dimensions with module and battery installed 10 6 in x 7 5 in x 2 5 in 26 9 cm x 19 1 cm x 6 4 cm Weight with module and battery installed 4 5 lb 1 9 kg Display Six inch diagonal full VGA passive color transmissive LCD with backlight Fan The fan turns on when the module temperature reaches about 95 F 35 C and turns off at about 86 F...

Страница 253: ...i DIN to NTSC video port Power source Powered by the OF 500 OptiFiber tester Lighting technique Coaxial Dimensions 1 8 in x 1 7 in x 5 5 in 45 7 mm x 43 2 mm x 140 mm length depends on adapter tip Weight 0 4 lb 180 g Temperature range Operating 32 F to 104 F 0 C to 40 C Storage 14 F to 140 F 10 C to 60 C Humidity range Operating 0 to 45 RH non condensing Storage 0 to 95 RH non condensing Certifica...

Страница 254: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook 11 36 ...

Страница 255: ...Appendices Appendix Title Page A Test Method Reference Tables A 1 B Loss Test Methods B 1 C Common Causes of Fiber Link Failures C 1 ...

Страница 256: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook ...

Страница 257: ... for the three fiber test methods Table A 1 Test Method Names Link End Connections Included in Loss Results This Manual TIA EIA 526 14A multimode TIA EIA 526 7 singlemode IEC 61280 4 1 multimode IEC 61280 4 2 singlemode 1 connection Method A Method A Method A 2 Method 1 Method A2 2 connections Method B Method B Method A 1 Method 2 Method A1 None Method C Method C Method A 3 Method 3 Method A3 ...

Страница 258: ...tandard or Application Test Method as named in this manual TIA 568 B B ISO 11801 B EN50173 B 10BASE FB A 10BASE FP A 10BASE FL A 10 100BASE SX B 100BASE FX B 1000BASE LX B 1000BASE SX B Standard or Application Test Method as named in this manual 10GBASE S B 10GBASE L B 10GBASE LX B 10GBASE E B Fibre Channel B ATMl B FDDI B Token Ring B Fluke Networks General Fiber B ...

Страница 259: ...de standard and their equivalents A 1 A 2 and A 3 which are defined in the ANSI TIA EIA 526 7 singlemode standard This appendix also describes alternate reference and test connections you can use for all types of connectors including installations that have different connector styles at the patch panels and outlets Use the TEST METHOD setting on the tester s Loss Length tab in Setup to record the ...

Страница 260: ...fined in the ANSI TIA EIA 526 7 singlemode standard Method A A 2 reference connections cancel out the effects of one connection and two reference test cords in each fiber path as shown in Figure B 1 The test connections add one connection and the fiber in the link to each path Loss results for Method A A 2 therefore represent only one connection plus the fiber in the link Because the results omit ...

Страница 261: ...Loss Test Methods Method A A 2 B B 3 ajt58f eps Figure B 1 Method A A 2 Reference and Test Connections singlemode shown ...

Страница 262: ...SI TIA EIA 526 7 singlemode standard The Method B A 1 reference connections cancel out the effects of the reference test cords as shown in Figure B 2 Loss results for Method B A 1 therefore represent both connections plus the fiber in the link ANSI TIA EIA 526 14A and 526 7 specify these methods for testing multimode and singlemode premises fiber where connector loss is a significant portion of th...

Страница 263: ...B 5 ajt59f eps Figure B 2 Method B A 1 Reference and Test Connections singlemode shown Loss Test Methods Method B A 1 B ...

Страница 264: ... is defined in the ANSI TIA EIA 526 7 singlemode standard Method C A 3 reference connections cancel out the effects of two connections and three reference test cords in each fiber path as shown in Figure B 3 The test connections add the fiber in the link to each path Loss results for Method C A 3 therefore represent only the fiber in the link Because the results omit both connections in the link A...

Страница 265: ...Loss Test Methods Method C A 3 B B 7 ajt60f eps Figure B 3 Method C A 3 Reference and Test Connections singlemode shown ...

Страница 266: ...ions Figures B 5 add two connections and the fiber in the cabling under test to each path Note that you use two short patch cords to connect the main unit s reference patch cords to the link The extra cords ensure that the measured loss accounts for two connections in the cabling under test since one connection was canceled out during referencing Loss results for Modified Method B A 1 therefore re...

Страница 267: ...Loss Test Methods Modified Method B A 1 B B 9 ajt74f eps Figure B 4 Modified Method B Smart Remote Mode Reference Connections ...

Страница 268: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook B 10 ajt75f eps Figure B 5 Modified Method B Smart Remote Mode Test Connections ...

Страница 269: ... Figure B 6 The link shown has MT RJ connectors at one end and LC connectors at the other end Using an SC to MT RJ patch cord and an SC to LC patch cord for reference and test connections may seem like an easier way to connect to the link however that would require an MT RJ to LC patch cord for reference connections The reference and test connections would be the Method C A 3 configuration as show...

Страница 270: ...OPTIFIBER ajt63f eps Figure B 6 Alternate Method Reference and Test Connections for a Hybrid Link singlemode shown B 12 OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook ...

Страница 271: ...Loss Test Methods The Alternate Method B B 13 ajt64f eps Figure B 7 Alternate Method Test Connections for a Link with MT RJ Connectors singlemode shown ...

Страница 272: ...B 14 OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook ...

Страница 273: ...ws results of a survey of 89 contractors and private network owners The results show what percentage of each group reported finding the faults listed Table C 1 Fiber Failure Survey Results Fault Network Owners Contractors Dirty end faces 80 98 Poor polishing 72 88 Broken connectors 40 86 Mislabeling 8 86 Shattered end faces 34 82 Bad splices 36 74 Excessive bends 6 66 ...

Страница 274: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Certifying OTDR Technical Reference Handbook C 2 ...

Страница 275: ... SEQ TEMPLATE 2 11 2 24 Auto wavelength selection Far End Source mode 6 36 8 2 AVERAGING TIME 3 48 B backbone template 2 25 backscatter coefficient Cable tab 3 11 custom test limit 10 3 battery backup battery 11 5 charging 1 8 removing 1 9 replacement 11 5 status 1 8 storage 11 6 beeper 1 25 BI DIRECTIONAL loss length tab 6 8 bi directional testing loss length testing 6 40 OTDR 3 39 C calibration ...

Страница 276: ...r 10 3 CURRENT FOLDER 2 9 cursors on OTDR trace 3 28 custom fiber types 10 1 custom limits 10 4 selecting 10 8 customer support 1 3 if something seems wrong 11 7 D date 1 24 decimal separator 1 24 default folder 9 7 diagnosing test failures loss length 6 40 OTDR 3 51 power meter 8 6 display brightness 1 24 cleaning 11 6 document only test limit 2 7 downloaded fiber IDs 2 26 DTX Smart Remote about ...

Страница 277: ...g 9 7 CURRENT FOLDER 2 9 deleting 9 7 viewing on a PC 9 8 formatting the memory card 9 2 front panel 1 13 G GAINER 3 35 general fiber test limit 2 7 GHOST 3 33 GHOST SOURCE 3 34 H hardware version 1 20 HEADROOM Far End Source mode 6 38 Loopback mode 6 30 Smart Remote mode 6 22 VIEW RECORDS screen 9 5 help customer support 11 7 help screens 1 20 HIDDEN 3 33 HOME screen 1 16 horizontal link template...

Страница 278: ...5 MANUAL CABLE SETTINGS 2 10 3 11 6 7 Manual OTDR mode 3 46 MARKER DELTA MODE 3 41 memory capacity 9 2 card or internal 9 1 moving from internal to a card 9 6 overview 1 21 memory card capacity 9 2 care 9 4 folders 9 7 9 8 formatting 9 2 inserting and removing 1 22 MEMORY STATUS screen 9 3 Method A B C 6 9 Method AA 2 B 2 Method B modified B 8 standard 6 13 Method B A 1 B 4 Method C A 3 B 6 micros...

Страница 279: ... overall attenuation coefficient 10 6 OVERALL LOSS loss length custom limit 10 7 OTDR 3 23 OTDR custom limit 10 6 P parts 11 10 power down timer 1 25 power meter 8 1 power loss length custom limit 10 7 powering the tester 1 8 Problem with Module 11 8 problems fiber cabling C 1 problems with the tester 11 7 PULSE WIDTH manual 3 49 viewing Auto OTDR setting 3 13 R RANGE manual 3 46 viewing Auto OTDR...

Страница 280: ...ectors 6 9 B 11 SimpliFiber source Far End Source mode 6 36 power meter test 8 2 small form factor connectors 6 9 B 11 Smart Remote mode equipment 6 17 reference 6 18 RESULTS screen 6 23 running the test 6 20 SUMMARY screen 6 22 test connections 6 21 software options 1 27 updates 11 2 version 1 17 1 20 sorting events 3 37 records 9 5 specifications 11 32 STARD ID END ID 2 9 storage 11 6 SUMMARY sc...

Страница 281: ... 2 14 preparing to save tests 2 11 typical values 6 14 U Unknown FindFiber 6 44 Smart Remote mode 6 20 updating the software 11 2 USB port 1 15 11 33 V version 1 17 1 20 visual fault locator VFL 7 1 W WARNING 3 22 warnings OTDR results 3 38 safety 2 2 11 1 WAVELENGTH loss length testing 6 12 OTDR 3 12 WEAK SIGNAL 3 36 Z zoom 3 29 ...

Страница 282: ...OF 500 OptiFiber Technical Reference Handbook 8 ...

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