Varian 450-GC, User Manual

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Table Table of of Contents Contents
Varian, Varian, Inc. Inc. User User Manual Manual 450-GC 450-GC Page: Page: XXI XXI
Adjust the Ga Adjust the Gas Flow Rates s Flow Rates .... ............................................................................................... ...........................................................................................365 365
Calibrating the Flow Controllers .... Calibrating the Flow Controllers ....................................................................................... ...................................................................................366 366
Optimizing Optimizing the PFP the PFPD D .... ........................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................368 368
Dete Detectivi ctivity ty .... ......................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................368 368
Selectivity.... Selectivity.......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................368 368
Throughput .... Throughput ....................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................368 368
Suggested Fue Suggested Fuel Gas Flow Rates l Gas Flow Rates .... ...................................................................................... ..................................................................................369 369
Optimization Optimization Criteria Criteria .... ......................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................370 370
Establishing Tick-Tock.... Establishing Tick-Tock...................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................375 375
Photomultip Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) High Voltage lier Tube (PMT) High Voltage .... ........................................................................ ....................................................................378 378
Adjusting the Adjusting the Photomultip Photomultiplier Tube (P lier Tube (PMT) Voltag MT) Voltage .... e .......................................................... ......................................................378 378
Optimizing Optimizing the PFP the PFPD D .... ........................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................379 379
Repeated Inje Repeated Injections of Standa ctions of Standard rd .... ...................................................................................... ..................................................................................379 379
Continuous Infusi Continuous Infusion of Standa on of Standard rd .... ...................................................................................... ..................................................................................381 381
Testing the PFPD Performance.... Testing the PFPD Performance........................................................................................ ....................................................................................382 382
PFPD Test Chromatogram: Sulfur Performan PFPD Test Chromatogram: Sulfur Performance ce.... .............................................................. ..........................................................385 385
PFPD Test PFPD Test Chromatog Chromatogram: Phosphorus Performan ram: Phosphorus Performance ce .... .................................................... ................................................386 386
Dete Detectivi ctivity ty .... ......................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................386 386
PFPD Test Chromatogram PFPD Test Chromatogram: Sulfur Detectivity : Sulfur Detectivity .... .................................................................. ..............................................................387 387
PFPD Test Chromatogra PFPD Test Chromatogram: Phosphorus Detectivity m: Phosphorus Detectivity.... ........................................................ ....................................................388 388
Using the Gate Delay and Gate Width Parameters.... Using the Gate Delay and Gate Width Parameters.......................................................... ......................................................388 388
Setting the Trigger Level.... Setting the Trigger Level................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................390 390
Setting Gate Delay and Gate Setting Gate Delay and Gate Width .... Width ................................................................................. .............................................................................392 392
Set Gate Width .... Set Gate Width ................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................393 393
Building a GC Building a GC Method.... Method....................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................394 394
Building a GC Workstation Method .... Building a GC Workstation Method .................................................................................. ..............................................................................395 395
Quantitatio Quantitation n .... ...................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................396 396
Peak Area Peak Area Quantitation Quantitation.... ..................................................................................................... .................................................................................................396 396
Peak Height Quantitation.... Peak Height Quantitation.................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................397 397
Peak Resolution with the PFPD .... Peak Resolution with the PFPD ....................................................................................... ...................................................................................397 397
Quantitation in the Sulfur Mo Quantitation in the Sulfur Mode de .... ........................................................................................ ....................................................................................397 397
Square Root Function.... Square Root Function....................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................398 398
How to Minimize Quenchin How to Minimize Quenching of Sulfur Response g of Sulfur Response.... ............................................................. .........................................................398 398
Advanced O Advanced Operation.... peration......................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................399 399
Theory of Operation.... Theory of Operation.......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................399 399
Table of Optim Table of Optimum Flow Rates um Flow Rates .... .......................................................................................... ......................................................................................400 400
Installation of the Nitrogen Mode Parts .... Installation of the Nitrogen Mode Parts ............................................................................ ........................................................................400 400
Nitrogen M Nitrogen Mode Oper ode Operation ation .... ................................................................................................. .............................................................................................402 402
Parts and Supplies (Nitrogen Mode) .... Parts and Supplies (Nitrogen Mode) ................................................................................ ............................................................................403 403
Phosphorus Mode Operation.... Phosphorus Mode Operation............................................................................................ ........................................................................................403 403
Sulfur Mode Operation.... Sulfur Mode Operation...................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................403 403
Options to Aid Options to Aid Optimization with Other Elements .... Optimization with Other Elements ............................................................ ........................................................403 403
Multi-eleme Multi-element Detection nt Detection.... .................................................................................................... ................................................................................................404 404
Arsenic Sele Arsenic Selective Detection.... ctive Detection.............................................................................................. ..........................................................................................404 404
Emission Wavelengths .... Emission Wavelengths ..................................................................................................... .................................................................................................404 404
Emission Timing .... Emission Timing ............................................................................................................... ...........................................................................................................404 404
Flame Composition.... Flame Composition........................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................404 404
Filte Filters rs .... ................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................405 405
Selenium Selective Detectio Selenium Selective Detection n.... ........................................................................................... .......................................................................................405 405