Thermo Scientific Phadia 100, Руководство пользователя

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Quality Assurance Phadia 100 - User Manual
P a g e 8 . 1 6 12-3501-20/12
Quality Costs
It is important to understand that the concept of quality costs is broader than the
cost of quality control. Without this basic understanding, the only costs
considered will be the costs associated with day-to-day quality control and
external quality assessment. Keep in mind that without any quality control
efforts the laboratory will have higher-quality costs and products and services
of lower quality. With a solid quality assurance program implemented in the
laboratory, the costs of inadequate quality will decrease and the quality of
products and services will increase.
RJ. Elin described the different components of quality costs in clinical labora-
tories in his book Elements of cost management for quality assurance. College
of American Pathologists 1980; 34: 182-3, 194.
Costs of securing good quality:
• Prevention costs: “expenses for developing, using and improving a planned
quality control program.” Examples are training, calibration and mainte-
nance.
• Appraisal costs: “expenses for the operation and maintenance of an internal
(intra-laboratory) quality assurance program and an external (inter-labora-
tory) quality assurance program.” Examples are inspection and quality
control.
Costs of inadequate quality:
• Internal failure costs: “expenses for reworking and/or discarding an entire
batch of specimen results or an individual specimen due to some element of
improper processing that leads to an erroneous result.” Examples are
repeated runs and repeated work efforts.
• External failure costs: “expenses for the investigation of all inquiries by the
physician or patient consumer as a result of the inability of the laboratory
result (or lack of result) to help solve the patient care problem.” Examples
are complaints, service and repeat requests.