Taylor TX180S, Maintenance Manual

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1-13 1-13 TX / TXH / TXB 180S - 400L (Rev. 4/23/07) TX / TXH / TXB 180S - 400L (Rev. 4/23/07)
Engine Engine T T roubleshooting roubleshooting
The following chart includes some of the problems The following chart includes some of the problems
that an operator may encounter during the service that an operator may encounter during the service
life of a life of a Cummins diesel Cummins diesel engine. engine. Always check Always check
the easiest and obvious things first, such as the the easiest and obvious things first, such as the
master disconnect switch, the neutral start switch, master disconnect switch, the neutral start switch,
an empty fuel tank, closed fuel shut off, dead bat- an empty fuel tank, closed fuel shut off, dead bat-
tery or tery or corroded terminals. corroded terminals. Study the Study the problem problem
thoroughly before starting to work on the engine. thoroughly before starting to work on the engine.
Ask yourself Ask yourself the following the following questions. questions.
1. 1. Wha Wha t wer t wer e the w e the w arn arn ing s ing s ign ign s pre s pre ced ced ing t ing t he he
trouble? trouble?
2. 2. Has t Has t he en he en gin gin e bee e bee n sub n sub jec jec ted t ted t o rec o rec ent ent
repair or maintenance? repair or maintenance?
3. 3. Has a Has a sim sim ila ila r tro r tro ubl ubl e occ e occ urr urr ed be ed be for for e? e?
4. 4. If t If t he engi he engi ne st ne st ill r ill r uns, uns, is it is it safe safe to co to co ntinue ntinue
operation of the engine in an effort to diag- operation of the engine in an effort to diag-
nose the trouble? nose the trouble?
Check the items most easily and inexpensively cor- Check the items most easily and inexpensively cor-
rected before proceeding to the more difficult, time rected before proceeding to the more difficult, time
consuming and expensi consuming and expensi ve items ve items . . After a After a malfunc- malfunc-
tion has been corrected, locate and correct the tion has been corrected, locate and correct the
cause of the trouble to prevent recurrence of the cause of the trouble to prevent recurrence of the
same trouble. same trouble.
Engine Noise Diagnostic Procedures – General Engine Noise Diagnostic Procedures – General
Information Information
NOTE: NOTE: When diagnosing When diagnosing engine noise engine noise problems, problems,
make sure that make sure that noises caused by noises caused by accessories, accessories,
such as the such as the air compressor and air compressor and power take–off, power take–off,
are not mistaken are not mistaken for engine noises. for engine noises. Remove the Remove the
accessory drive belts to accessory drive belts to eliminate noise caused eliminate noise caused by by
these units. these units. Noise will Noise will also travel also travel to other m to other m etal etal
parts not related to parts not related to the problem. the problem. The use of a The use of a
stethoscope can stethoscope can help locate help locate an engine an engine noise. noise.
Engine noises heard at the crankshaft speed, Engine noises heard at the crankshaft speed,
engine rpm, are noises related to the crankshaft, engine rpm, are noises related to the crankshaft,
rods, pistons, rods, pistons, and piston and piston pins. pins. Noises heard Noises heard at at
the camshaft speed, one–half of the engine rpm, the camshaft speed, one–half of the engine rpm,
are related to are related to the valve the valve train. train. A handheld digital A handheld digital
tachometer can help determine if the noise is tachometer can help determine if the noise is
related to components operating at the crankshaft related to components operating at the crankshaft
or camshaft speed. or camshaft speed.
There is not a definite rule or test that will positive- There is not a definite rule or test that will positive-
ly determine the source of a noise complaint. ly determine the source of a noise complaint.
Engine–driven components and accessories, such Engine–driven components and accessories, such
as gear–driven fan clutches, hydraulic pumps, as gear–driven fan clutches, hydraulic pumps,
belt–driven alternators, air–conditioning compres- belt–driven alternators, air–conditioning compres-
sors, and turbochargers, can contribute to engine sors, and turbochargers, can contribute to engine
noise. noise. Use the follow Use the follow ing information as ing information as a guide to a guide to
diagnosing engine noise. diagnosing engine noise.
Main Bearing Noise Main Bearing Noise (Refer to Problem 40.) (Refer to Problem 40.) . . The The
noise caused by a loose main bearing is a loud, noise caused by a loose main bearing is a loud,
dull knock heard when the engine is pulling a dull knock heard when the engine is pulling a
load. load. If all m If all m ain bearings are ain bearings are loose, a loud loose, a loud clatter clatter
will be heard. will be heard. The knock The knock is heard regularly is heard regularly every every
other revolution. other revolution. The noise The noise is the is the loudest when loudest when
the engine is the engine is lugging or under lugging or under heavy load. heavy load. The The
knock is knock is duller than duller than a connecting a connecting rod noise. rod noise. Low Low
oil pressure can also accompany this condition. oil pressure can also accompany this condition.
If the bearing is not loose enough to produce a If the bearing is not loose enough to produce a
knock by itself, the bearing can knock if the oil is knock by itself, the bearing can knock if the oil is
too thin or if there is no oil on the bearing. too thin or if there is no oil on the bearing.
An irregular An irregular noise can noise can indicate worn crankshaft indicate worn crankshaft
thrust bearings. thrust bearings.
An intermittent, sharp An intermittent, sharp knock indicates excessive knock indicates excessive
crankshaft crankshaft end clearance. end clearance. Repeated clutc Repeated clutc h disen- h disen-
gagements can cause a change in the noise. gagements can cause a change in the noise.
Connecting Rod Bearing Noise Connecting Rod Bearing Noise (Refer to Prob- (Refer to Prob-
lem 39.) lem 39.) . . Connecting rods with excessive clear- Connecting rods with excessive clear-
ance will knock at all engine speeds under both ance will knock at all engine speeds under both
idle and idle and load conditions. load conditions. When the When the bearings bearings
begin to become loose, the noise can be con- begin to become loose, the noise can be con-
fused with pist fused with pist on slap or on slap or loose piston pins. loose piston pins. The The
noise increases in volume with engine speed. noise increases in volume with engine speed.
Low oil pressure can also accompany this Low oil pressure can also accompany this
condition. condition.
Piston Noise Piston Noise (Refer to Problem 41.) (Refer to Problem 41.) . . It is difficult It is difficult
to tell the difference between piston pin, connect- to tell the difference between piston pin, connect-
ing rod, and ing rod, and piston noise. piston noise. A loose A loose piston pin piston pin
causes a loud double knock that is usually heard causes a loud double knock that is usually heard
when the when the engine is engine is idling. idling. When the When the injector to injector to
this cylinder is cut out, a noticeable change will be this cylinder is cut out, a noticeable change will be
heard in the heard in the sound of sound of the knocking the knocking noise. noise. Howev- Howev-
er, on some engines the knock becomes more er, on some engines the knock becomes more
noticeable when the vehicle is operated on the noticeable when the vehicle is operated on the
road at a steady speed. road at a steady speed.
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