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ET User’s Guide

5-11

Optimizing Measurements

Increasing Network Analyzer Dynamic Range

Changing
Measurement
Averaging

In averaging mode, the analyzer measures each frequency point once per
sweep and averages the current and previous trace up to the averaging
factor specified by the user. The instrument computes each data point
based on an exponential average of consecutive sweeps weighted by the
user-specified averaging factor.

As the averaging factor is increased:

• signal-to-noise ratio increases,

• time for each individual sweep remains the same, but

• total measurement time increases.

Averaging is better than system bandwidth reduction at minimizing very
low frequency noise.

1. Press

 and enter an averaging factor that

is less than the value displayed on the analyzer screen, followed by

.

2. Press

.

NOTE

When averaging is on, there is an indicator in the lower right corner of
the analyzer's display. The display is in the form

Avg x,y

 where "x" is

the averaging factor for measurement channel 1, and "y" is the averaging
factor for measurement channel 2. If only one measurement channel is
on, the averaging indicator only displays that channel's averaging factor.

AVG

 Average Factor

ENTER

 Average on OFF

Summary of Contents for HP 8712ET

Page 1: ...User s Guide HP 8712ET and HP 8714ET RF Network Analyzers HP Part No 08714 90011 Printed in USA Print Date October 1999 Supersedes November 1998 Copyright 1998 1999 Hewlett Packard Company ...

Page 2: ...rnishing performance or use of this material Key Conventions This manual uses the following conventions This represents a key physically located on the instrument a hardkey This indicates a softkey a key whose label is determined by the instrument s firmware and is displayed on the right side of the instrument s screen next to the eight unlabeled keys Screen Text This indicates text displayed on t...

Page 3: ...rce code from the Info ZIP group This code is freely available on the Internet by anonymous ftp asftp uu net pub archiving zip unzip51 tar Z and from CompuServe asunz51 zip in the IBMPRO forum library 10 data compression Lotus 1 2 3 are U S registered trademarks of Lotus Development Corporation Windows Word97 and Excel97 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp ...

Page 4: ...pendent measurement channels and a large display show the measured results of one or two receiver channels in several user selectable formats An external VGA monitor can be connected to the rear panel for enhanced measurement viewing in color Measurement functions are selected with front panel hardkey and softkey menus Measurements can be printed or plotted directly with a compatible peripheral In...

Page 5: ... guide explain how to perform measurements calibrate the instrument and use the most common instrument functions Chapters 7 through 11 are reference material Use these chapters to look up information such as front panel features specific key functions and specifications ...

Page 6: ...nt shows how to use a local area network LAN for programming and remote operation of the analyzer The Automating Measurements User s Guide Supplement provides information on how to configure and control test systems for automation of test processes The Programmer s Guide provides programming information including HP IB and SCPI command references as well as short programming examples The Example P...

Page 7: ... HP Instrument BASIC to program the analyzer The Option 100 Fault Location and Structural Return Loss Measurements User s Guide Supplement provides theory and measurement examples for making fault location and SRL measurements Shipped only with Option 100 analyzers The CATV Quick Start Guide provides abbreviated instructions for testing the quality of coaxial cables Shipped only with Option 100 an...

Page 8: ...viii ET User s Guide ...

Page 9: ...tting the Analyzer 2 5 Entering Frequency Range 2 6 Entering Source Power Level 2 6 Scaling the Measurement Trace 2 6 Entering Active Measurement Channel and Measurement Type 2 7 Viewing Measurement Channels 2 8 Performing the Operator s Check 2 10 Equipment List 2 10 Make a Transmission Measurement 2 11 Make a Broadband Power Measurement 2 13 Make a Reflection Measurement 2 14 If the Analyzer Fai...

Page 10: ...erpret the Power Measurement Results 3 43 Measuring Conversion Loss 3 45 Enter the Measurement Parameters 3 46 Perform a Normalization Calibration 3 46 Connect the DUT 3 48 View and Interpret the Conversion Loss Results 3 49 Making Measurements with the Auxiliary Input 3 51 Auxiliary Input Characteristics 3 52 Measuring Group Delay 3 53 Enter the Measurement Parameters 3 54 Perform an Enhanced Res...

Page 11: ...ther Limit Line Functions 4 37 Additional Notes on Limit Testing 4 39 Using Reference Tracking 4 42 To Track the Peak Point 4 43 To Track a Frequency 4 44 Customizing the Display 4 45 Using the Split Display Feature 4 46 Enabling Disabling Display Features 4 47 Modifying Display Annotation 4 48 Expanding the Displayed Measurement 4 52 Saving and Recalling Measurement Results 4 55 Saving Instrument...

Page 12: ...AUTO Mode 5 4 To Widen the System Bandwidth 5 4 To Reduce the Amount of Averaging 5 5 To Reduce the Number of Measurement Points 5 5 To View a Single Measurement Channel 5 6 To Turn Off Alternate Sweep 5 7 To Turn Off Markers and Marker Tracking 5 7 To Turn Off Spur Avoidance 5 8 To Avoid Frequency Bandcrossings HP 8714ET only 5 8 Increasing Network Analyzer Dynamic Range 5 9 To Increase the Recei...

Page 13: ...on 6 6 Calibration Choices 6 7 Retrieving Previous User Defined Calibrations 6 10 Presetting the Analyzer How Calibration Is Affected 6 10 To Perform a Normalization Calibration 6 11 To Perform a Transmission Calibration 6 12 To Perform a Reflection Calibration 6 14 To Perform a Conversion Loss Calibration 6 15 Calibration Kits 6 16 Selecting a Calibration Kit Stored in the Analyzer 6 16 Creating ...

Page 14: ...16 Knob 7 18 Power Switch 7 19 Display Intensity Control 7 20 Disk Drive 7 21 Line Module 7 22 Power Cables 7 22 The Line Fuse 7 24 The Voltage Selector Switch 7 25 8 Hardkey Softkey Reference Introduction 8 2 Numeric Entries 8 3 A 8 5 B 8 11 C 8 14 D 8 20 E 8 27 F 8 30 G 8 35 H 8 37 I 8 42 K 8 45 L 8 46 M 8 52 N 8 60 O 8 63 P 8 64 R 8 69 S 8 76 ...

Page 15: ...ardcopy 9 37 Automation 9 38 Measurement Calibration 9 40 Options 9 43 Warranty 9 45 Limitation of Warranty 9 46 Exclusive Remedies 9 46 Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Offices 9 47 10 Safety and Regulatory Information Safety and Regulatory Information 10 2 Safety Information 10 3 Warnings 10 3 Cautions 10 4 Statement of Compliance 10 4 Cleaning Instructions 10 4 Shipping Instructions 10 4 Instr...

Page 16: ... State and Memory Allocation Factory Preset and Peripheral States 11 2 Factory Preset State 11 2 Peripheral State 11 8 Volatile Settings 11 12 Save Recall Memory Allocation 11 13 Types of Storage Disks 11 13 Types of Storable Information 11 15 How to Determine the Size of Disk Files 11 16 Memory Usage Notes 11 18 ...

Page 17: ...ET User s Guide 1 1 1 Installing the Analyzer ...

Page 18: ...hrough the four steps needed to correctly and safely install your network analyzer The four steps are Step 1 Check the Shipment on page 1 3 Step 2 Meet Electrical and Environmental Requirements on page 1 4 Step 3 Check the Analyzer Operation on page 1 9 Step 3 Check the Analyzer Operation on page 1 9 ...

Page 19: ...pen during shipping Returning the analyzer in anything other than the original packaging may result in non warranted damage Check the items received against the Product Checklist included in your shipment to make sure that you received everything Inspect the analyzer and all accessories for any signs of damage that may have occurred during shipment If your analyzer or any accessories appear to be ...

Page 20: ...o the ac power source you will be using CAUTION Before switching on this instrument make sure that the line voltage selector switch is set to the voltage of the mains supply and the correct fuse T 5 A 250 V is installed Assure the supply voltage is in the specified range NOTE The working fuse and a spare are located in the power cable receptacle See Figure 7 13 on page 7 24 Figure 1 1 Voltage Sele...

Page 21: ... following requirements for safety indoor use altitude up to 15 000 feet 4 572 meters temperature 0 C to 55 C maximum relative humidity 5 to 95 percent relative at 40 C non condensing CAUTION This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 1010 and 664 respectively NOTE The above requirements are for safety only Separate conditions that must be met for s...

Page 22: ...Figure 7 12 on page 7 23 to see the different types of power cord plugs that can be used with your analyzer Figure 1 2 Protective Earth Ground WARNING This is a Safety Class I product provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Any interruption of the protective conductor...

Page 23: ...s circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument The front panel switch is only a standby switch and not a LINE switch Alternatively an externally installed switch or circuit breaker which is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator may be used as a disconnecting device 6 Install the analyzer according to the enclosure protection provided This instrument does...

Page 24: ...Set up a static safe workstation Electrostatic discharge ESD can damage or destroy components table mat with earth ground wire HP part number 9300 0797 wrist strap cord with 1 Meg Ohm resistor HP part number 9300 0980 wrist strap HP part number 9300 1367 heel straps HP part number 9300 1308 floor mat ...

Page 25: ...umber of your analyzer either HP 8712ET or HP 8714ET the firmware revision the serial number of your analyzer installed options 2 Verify that the serial number and options displayed on the screen match the information on the rear panel serial label 3 The operator s check should be performed on the analyzer to provide a high degree of confidence that the analyzer is working properly Refer to Chapte...

Page 26: ...p 4 Configure the Analyzer You can begin making measurements by simply connecting your analyzer to an appropriate power source and turning it on This section however will explain how to connect common peripherals and controllers and how to install your analyzer into a rack system ...

Page 27: ...dule and Selected Connectors Refer to Figure 1 4 The HP IB port is for use with computers and peripherals printers plotters etc The parallel and RS 232 serial ports are also for peripherals The parallel and serial ports can also be programmed via IBASIC for general I O control See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook for information on using IBASIC ...

Page 28: ...mation on how to use your analyzer in a LAN HP IB Connections An HP IB system may be connected in any configuration as long as the following rules are observed The total number of devices is less than or equal to 15 The total length of all the cables used is less than or equal to 2 meters times the number of devices connected together up to an absolute maximum of 20 meters For example the maximum ...

Page 29: ...nalyzer Step 4 Configure the Analyzer Figure 1 5 HP IB Connection Configurations Table 1 1 Maximum HP IB Cable Lengths Instruments Peripherals in System Maximum HP IB Cable Length between Each Pair of Devices Two Fifteen max 4 m 20 m total ...

Page 30: ... or set each external device s actual address refer to the device s manual most addresses are set with switches The following are examples of how to check or set the device s recognized address on the network analyzer Printer Press Use the front panel knob to highlight the line that reads HP Printer PCL HP IB Press The second line of the screen displays settings in this case the address The defaul...

Page 31: ...the baud rate or handshake at the top of the screen are incorrect use the softkeys to change them Parallel Devices Press Use the entry controls to highlight your type of printer or plotter and press LAN Printer Press Use the entry controls to highlight HP LaserJet PCL5 6 PCL5 LAN and press If the printer IP address at the top of the screen is incorrect press to enter the correct IP address NOTE Wh...

Page 32: ... they may promote shock hazards overheating dust contamination and inferior system performance Consult your HP customer engineer about installation warranty and support details CAUTION VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS When installing the product in a cabinet the convection into and out of the instrument must not be restricted The ambient temperature outside the cabinet must be less than the maximum operat...

Page 33: ...Check the RF Front Panel Connectors Visually inspect the front panel connectors The most important connectors are those to which the DUT is connected typically the RF cable end or the RF IN connector All connectors should be clean and the center pins centered The fingers of female connectors should be unbroken and uniform in appearance If you are unsure whether the connectors are good gauge the RF...

Page 34: ...1 18 ET User s Guide Installing the Analyzer Preventive Maintenance ...

Page 35: ...ET User s Guide 2 1 2 Getting Started ...

Page 36: ... includes a synthesized source a wide dynamic range receiver and a built in test set Controls are grouped by functional block and settings are displayed on the instrument screen This section familiarizes new users with the layout of the front panel and the process of entering measurement parameters into the analyzer Figure 2 1 Network Analyzer Front Panel Features ...

Page 37: ... the device under test for example selecting source frequency range or output power The source keys also control sweep time number of points and sweep triggering 5 CONFIGURE The configure keys control receiver and display parameters These parameters include receiver bandwidth and averaging display scaling and format marker functions and instrument calibration 6 SYSTEM The system keys control syste...

Page 38: ...ucted to enter numeric values in this manual it often can get cluttered and confusing to depict each key stroke So in this manual numbers no matter how many characters are depicted inside one keycap For example if you are instructed to enter the number 42 5 it will be depicted inside one keycap like this To enter this number the following keys need to be pressed in succession You can follow along ...

Page 39: ...ource Power Level on page 2 6 for more information NOTE The measurement parameters that you enter will be retained in the analyzer s memory when the power is turned off and will be restored when the power is turned back on NOTE Refer to Chapter 11 Factory Preset State and Memory Allocation for a comprehensive table of factory preset conditions Frequency range HP 8712ET 0 3 to 1300 MHz Frequency ra...

Page 40: ...ing Source Power Level 1 Press the key to access the power level softkey menu 2 To change the power level to 3 dBm press and or 3 To change the power level to 1 6 dBm press or 4 To change the power level that will always be restored when you preset the analyzer press and or This entry does not affect the current power level Scaling the Measurement Trace 1 Press the key to access the scale menu 2 T...

Page 41: ...ill affect only the active measurement channel Some measurement parameters cannot be independently set on each measurement channel For these parameters both channels will be affected regardless of active channel status 1 To measure transmission on measurement channel 1 and reflection on measurement channel 2 press the following keys 2 Both channels measurements are now visible on the analyzer s di...

Page 42: ...ewing Measurement Channels 3 To view only the measurement channel 2 reflection measurement press 4 To view both measurement channels again press 5 To view both measurement channels separately on a split screen press Refer to Figure 2 5 Split Display MEAS 1 Meas OFF MEAS 1 DISPLAY More Display Split Disp FULL split ...

Page 43: ...have now learned how to enter common measurement parameters and how to manipulate the display for optimum viewing of your measurement You can now proceed on to performing the operator s check or refer to Chapter 3 Making Measurements for detailed information on making specific types of measurements ...

Page 44: ...rator s check consists of making the following measurements with the cable that was supplied with your analyzer transmission broadband power reflection reflection with a 50 Ω or 75 Ω load instead of the cable Equipment List To perform the operator s check you will need the following A known good cable such as the one that was supplied with your analyzer The cable you use should have 0 5 dB of inse...

Page 45: ...le will affect these measurements make sure you use a cable with the characteristics described in Equipment List on page 2 10 Figure 2 6 Equipment Setup for Performing the Operator s Check 2 Press or 3 Press 4 Press 5 Verify that the data trace falls within 0 5 dB of 0 dB See Figure 2 7 for a typical HP 8714ET result The HP 8712ET should look similar but end at 1300 MHz PRESET User Preset Factory ...

Page 46: ...2 12 ET User s Guide Getting Started Performing the Operator s Check Figure 2 7 Verify Transmission Measurement ...

Page 47: ...e measurements make sure you use a cable with the characteristics described in Equipment List on page 2 10 2 Press 3 Press unless done in the previous measurement 4 Verify that the data trace is within 2 dB of 0 dBm See Figure 2 8 for a typical HP 8714ET result The HP 8712ET should look similar but end at 1300 MHz Figure 2 8 Verify Broadband Power Measurement MEAS 1 Power FREQ Start 10 MHz SCALE 1...

Page 48: ... affect these measurements make sure you use a cable with the characteristics described in Equipment List on page 2 10 2 Press or 3 Press 4 Press 5 Verify that the data trace falls completely below 16 dB See Figure 2 9 for a typical HP 8714ET result The HP 8712ET should look similar but end at 1300 MHz PRESET User Preset Factory Preset MEAS 1 Reflection SCALE 10 Enter POWER 0 dBm CAL Default 1 Por...

Page 49: ... User s Guide 2 15 Getting Started Performing the Operator s Check Figure 2 9 Verify Reflection Measurement 6 Disconnect the cable and connect a known good load to the RF OUT port as shown in Figure 2 10 ...

Page 50: ...e a known filter to verify that its measured response is the same as is expected A 175 MHz filter is supplied with the analyzer Verify both the frequency accuracy and noise floor Check broadband response with the filter using conversion loss mode same as B R If the analyzer s frequency accuracy is critical for your application verify a CW frequency using a frequency counter Verify to 005 accuracy ...

Page 51: ...use of failure If your analyzer does not meet the criteria in the operator s check your analyzer may need adjustment or servicing Contact any Hewlett Packard sales or service office for assistance Refer to Table 9 8 Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Offices on page 9 48 for the nearest office Before shipping your analyzer fill out and attach the blue repair tag located at the back of the analyzer ...

Page 52: ...2 18 ET User s Guide Getting Started Performing the Operator s Check ...

Page 53: ...ET User s Guide 3 1 3 Making Measurements ...

Page 54: ...and detailed examples of the following measurements Measuring Transmission Response on page 3 15 Measuring Reflection Response on page 3 32 Making a Power Measurement using Broadband Detection on page 3 39 Measuring Conversion Loss on page 3 45 Making Measurements with the Auxiliary Input on page 3 51 Measuring Group Delay on page 3 53 Measuring Impedance using the Smith Chart on page 3 57 Measuri...

Page 55: ... a lossy device If the device is active the transmitted signal may be amplified indicating that the device has gain Figure 3 1 shows how a device under test DUT responds to an RF source stimulus Figure 3 1 DUT Response to an RF Signal Refer to Figure 3 2 for the following discussion regarding detection schemes and modes The transmitted signal routed to input B and the reflected signal input A are ...

Page 56: ...roadband detectors can also be used when connected to the X and Y ports on the rear panel of the analyzer When the network analyzer is in the broadband detection mode it measures the total power of all signals present at these measurement ports independent of signal frequency This enables the characterization of frequency translation devices such as mixers receivers and tuners where the RF input a...

Page 57: ...e narrowband detection mode the receiver is tuned to the source frequency This technique provides greater dynamic range by decreasing the receiver s bandwidth Figure 3 3 shows receiver B as the narrowband detection input for the transmitted signal and receiver R as the narrowband detection input for the reference signal ...

Page 58: ...3 6 ET User s Guide Making Measurements Measuring Devices with Your Network Analyzer Figure 3 3 Block Diagram ...

Page 59: ...ttenuation to limit the power at the RF IN port to 10 dBm for narrowband detection measurements or 16 dBm for broadband measurements CAUTION Always use attenuation on the TRANSMISSION RF IN port if your test device s output power exceeds the receiver damage limit of 20 dBm or 30 Vdc Use attenuation on the RF IN port to reduce mismatch errors See Reducing Mismatch Errors on page 5 15 for more infor...

Page 60: ...ed output power of your analyzer When to Change the System Impedance Your analyzer has a system characteristic impedance of either 50 or 75 ohms yet may be changed to the alternate impedance If using minimum loss pads for impedance conversions the alternate impedance should be selected so that the measurement results are displayed relative to the conversion impedance For example if you have a 50 o...

Page 61: ...g the key See the measurement examples located later in this chapter Step 2 Calibrate the Analyzer Your analyzer can provide highly accurate measurements without performing any additional user defined calibrations if certain conditions are met Chapter 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy explains when additional user defined calibration is necessary Step 3 Connect the Equipment Connect...

Page 62: ...the analyzer from the condition to measure the following amplifiers filters broadband passive devices a cable for example mixers cable fault location and structural return loss Option 100 only Configuring basic measurements from the key helps you ensure correct instrument setup The analyzer guides you through the initial steps and configures itself for the device type you select BEGIN PRESET BEGIN...

Page 63: ...om the BEGIN Key on page 3 13 for a table of parameters for each measurement type Selecting a New Measurement Once you have selected your device you can use the softkeys to select the measurement you wish to make When you select a new measurement a preset is not done It is assumed that you are simply changing measurement types and that you may have already changed some of the analyzer s parameters...

Page 64: ... shows you how to configure the network analyzer for measurements 1 Press or Presetting the instruments puts it into a known state with predefined parameters 2 Press and then use a softkey to select the type of device that you will be measuring amplifier filter broadband passive device mixer or cable Option 100 only 3 Connect your test device to the network analyzer 4 Use the softkeys to select th...

Page 65: ...ble Power Level Factory preset power level1 Measurement Channel 2 Off Format Log Mag Number of Points 201 Sweep Time Mode Auto Sweep Triggering Continuous Averaging Off System Bandwidth Medium Wide 1 Factory preset power level is user defined by using the Pwr Level at Preset softkey The fac tory default is 0 dBm SRL SRL Cable Fault Location Fault Location Cable SRL Fault Location Transmission Refl...

Page 66: ...s Macros must be defined with an IBASIC program If no program is currently installed either by AUTOST or the analyzer will automatically create a default program selects the key menu to user mode when on and to normal operation when off Once you have changed the mode to on the same menu will be displayed for subsequent key presses of the hardkey This is not true if your IBASIC program has changed ...

Page 67: ...ous aspects of calibration Table 3 2 Calibration Choices for a Transmission Response Measurement In this example a bandpass filter like the one that was supplied with your network analyzer is used Enter the Measurement Parameters Press or on the analyzer to set the analyzer to the default mode which includes measuring transmission on measurement channel 1 NOTE This example measurement uses the def...

Page 68: ... 1601 Interpolation recalculates the error correction array for reduced frequency spans If the frequency span is increased the calibration is invalidated and the default response calibration is automatically restored To perform an enhanced transmission response calibration you will need one of the following calibration kits depending on the nominal impedance of your analyzer Cal Kit Model Number I...

Page 69: ...ble device is a device that can be inserted in place of a zero length through standard It has the same type of connector on each port but with a different sex or the same type of sexless connector on each port APC 7 for example Chapter 6 provides detail about when this calibration is necessary and information about other calibrations available for transmission measurements If you wish to perform a...

Page 70: ...alculate the new calibration coefficients The message Calibration complete will appear for a few seconds when the analyzer is done calculating the new error correction array NOTE Changing sweep frequencies and other source parameters may affect your calibration See Chapter 6 for more information Open Short Load Connections Through Cable Connection Measure Standard ...

Page 71: ...ET User s Guide 3 19 Making Measurements Measuring Transmission Response Connect the DUT Figure 3 5 Equipment Setup for a Transmission Response Measurement ...

Page 72: ...ough the device divided by the incident power To display the result in logarithmic magnitude format designated by Log Mag at the top of the measurement screen the analyzer computes the measurement trace using the following formula where Ptrans the power transmitted through the device and where Pinc the incident power b A level of 0 dB would indicate a lossless through cable or device no loss or ga...

Page 73: ...asurement Display 5 See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more detailed information on using markers to interpret measurements NOTE For the measurement to be valid input signals must fall within the dynamic range of the analyzer See Chapter 5 Optimizing Measurements for techniques to increase the dynamic range of the analyzer ...

Page 74: ...n most HP calibration kits have matched electrical lengths even if the physical lengths appear different NOTE For analyzers with 50 ohm input impedance only in the 50 ohm type N calibration kit HP 85032B there are four equal adapters two APC 7 to type N f and two APC 7 to type N m To create adapter A in the following example connect an APC 7 to type N f adapter with an APC 7 to type N m adapter To...

Page 75: ...pter A on the REFLECTION port as shown in Figure 3 7 Press Figure 3 7 Through Cable Connection 6 Remove adapter A and place adapter B type N m to type N m on the REFLECTION port Adapter B becomes the effective test port 7 When the instrument prompts you connect three standards open short and load to adapter B as shown in Figure 3 8 Prior Menu Prior Menu Enhanced Response Measure Standard ...

Page 76: ...analyzer will measure each standard and then calculate the new calibration coefficients The message Calibration complete will appear for a few seconds when the analyzer is done calculating the new error correction array NOTE Changing sweep frequencies and other source parameters may affect your calibration See Chapter 6 for more information Measure Standard ...

Page 77: ...surements Measuring Transmission Response Connect the DUT 10 Measure the test device with adapter B in place as shown in Figure 3 9 Figure 3 9 Equipment Setup for a Transmission Response Measurement of a Noninsertable Two Port Device ...

Page 78: ...type N calibration kit HP 85032B there are four equal adapters two APC 7 to type N f and two APC 7 to type N m To create the adapter in the following example connect two APC 7 to type N f adapters 1 Connect a test cable with type N m connectors to the REFLECTION port 2 Connect a test cable with type N m connectors to the TRANSMISSION port 3 To select a calibration kit for the REFLECTION port press...

Page 79: ...ht edge of the measurement trace 10 Press Find the mean value located in the upper right corner of the display 11 Divide the mean value by 2 Record this value for use later in the procedure 12 Select a type N f calibration kit for the REFLECTION port This is necessary because the type N m short connected to the adapter on port 2 is a component in a type N f calibration kit Press and use the front ...

Page 80: ...pter To do so Press Enter the delay value with the keypad and softkeys 18 Save and automatically assign the modified cal kit buffer as a user defined cal kit for the REFLECTION port To do so Press Use the front panel knob or the keys to highlight the desired User Kit in the display s table In this example highlight Cal Kit A Press If you want to enter a cal kit description in the display s table p...

Page 81: ...ransmission Response 20 When the instrument prompts you connect three standards open short and load to the REFLECTION port test cable as shown in Figure 3 11 21 Press after connecting each standard Figure 3 11 Open Short Load Connections Measure Standard ...

Page 82: ...12 Through Cable Connection 23 The analyzer will measure each standard and then calculate new calibration coefficients The message Calibration complete will appear for a few seconds when the analyzer is done calculating the new error correction array 24 Remove the adapter between the test cables connected to the REFLECTION port and the TRANSMISSION port NOTE Changing sweep frequencies and other so...

Page 83: ...surements Measuring Transmission Response Connect the DUT 25 Measure the test device using the setup shown in Figure 3 13 Figure 3 13 Equipment Setup for a Transmission Response Measurement of a Type N f Two Port Noninsertable Device ...

Page 84: ...nt Accuracy for detailed information about all of the various aspects of calibration Table 3 3 Calibration Choices for a Reflection Response Measurement In this example a bandpass filter like the one that was supplied with your network analyzer is used Enter the Measurement Parameters Press the following keys on the analyzer or NOTE This example measurement uses the default instrument parameters f...

Page 85: ... 3 and 1601 Interpolation recalculates the error correction array for reduced frequency spans If the frequency span is increased the calibration is invalidated and the default one port calibration is automatically restored To perform a one port reflection calibration you will need one of the following calibration kits depending on the nominal impedance of your analyzer Cal Kit Model Number Impedan...

Page 86: ...ting the appropriate type Chapter 6 provides detail about when this calibration is necessary If you wish to perform a one port reflection calibration on your instrument for a reflection response measurement execute the following steps 1 Press 2 The instrument will prompt you to connect three standards open short and load and measure them See Figure 3 14 Figure 3 14 Open Short Load Connections 3 Pr...

Page 87: ...he DUT Figure 3 15 Equipment Setup for a Reflection Measurement of a Two Port Device NOTE If you connect the DUT between both analyzer ports it is recommended that you use a 10 dB pad on the output of the DUT to improve measurement accuracy If you connect a two port DUT to the REFLECTION port only it is recommended that you use a high quality load such as a calibration standard on the output of th...

Page 88: ...3 36 ET User s Guide Making Measurements Measuring Reflection Response Figure 3 16 Equipment Setup for a Reflection Measurement of a One Port Device ...

Page 89: ...in logarithmic magnitude format designated by Log Mag at the top of the measurement screen the analyzer computes the measurement trace using the following formula where Prefl the power of the signal reflected from the device and where Pinc the incident power b A level of 0 dB indicates that all of the power applied to the DUT is reflected back and that none of it passes through the DUT or is absor...

Page 90: ...urement Display 3 To quickly determine the filter s return loss press and then use the front panel knob the keys or the numeric keypad to read the value of return loss at the desired frequency 4 See Using Instrument Functions on page 4 1 for detailed information on using markers to interpret measurements MARKER ...

Page 91: ...power measurement only measures the power within the tuned receiver s bandwidth centered at the source frequency When you measure a device for absolute output power the network analyzer uses the broadband detection mode and measures the total power of all frequencies present in the transmitted signal B This signal may contain frequencies other than the source frequency such as when the DUT is a mi...

Page 92: ...t requires different parameters such as source power level number of data points and sweep time enter them now CAUTION Damage to your analyzer will occur if the receiver input power exceeds 20 dBm or 30 Vdc The analyzer s source cannot significantly exceed this level however if your DUT has gain then attenuation on the analyzer s RF IN port may be necessary See Attenuation and Amplification in a M...

Page 93: ...the power measurement to remove the insertion loss error of the test cable Changing the frequency span or number of measurement points will invalidate a normalization calibration Execute the following steps to perform a normalization calibration 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3 18 Figure 3 18 Through Cable Connection 2 Set the following frequency parameters 3 Press or This stores the d...

Page 94: ...2 ET User s Guide Making Measurements Making a Power Measurement using Broadband Detection 4 Insert the amplifier as shown in Figure 3 19 Connect the DUT Figure 3 19 Equipment Setup for a Power Measurement ...

Page 95: ... this measurement on your instrument a When making a power measurement the display shows the power measured at the analyzer s RF IN connector This power is absolute power as opposed to a power ratio b Note that when making a power measurement the values associated with the vertical axis are in units of dBm which is the power measured in reference to 1 mW 0 dBm 1 mW 10 dBm 100 µW 10 dBm 10 mW Other...

Page 96: ...el is set to higher than the specified output power for your analyzer the source could go unleveled See Chapter 9 Specifications for source and receiver specifications If your device requires input power greater than your analyzer s specified output power you may need to use a preamplifier in your measurement setup However remember to not exceed the receiver damage limit of 20 dBm ...

Page 97: ...to compare the transmitted signal B to the reference signal R This is because the input and output signals of a frequency translating device may be different Since broadband detection measures signals at all frequencies you may want to use a filter to remove unwanted signals such as LO feedthrough when performing this measurement For example an RF signal at 900 MHz mixed with an LO signal at 200 M...

Page 98: ...ameters for a conversion loss measurement If your particular conversion loss measurement requires different parameters such as source power level number of data points and sweeptime enter them now Perform a Normalization Calibration Normalization is the simplest type of calibration The analyzer stores a measurement trace into memory and divides subsequent measurements by the stored data to remove ...

Page 99: ...ter 700 MHz 3 Press or This stores the filter response passband into memory and sets up a normalized trace so that the filter response magnitude is removed from the measurement 4 Insert the mixer as shown in Figure 3 23 5 Press to change the center frequency so that the mixing product of the mixer is in the passband of the IF filter FREQ Center 700 MHz Span 15 MHz DISPLAY Normalize CAL Normalize o...

Page 100: ...3 48 ET User s Guide Making Measurements Measuring Conversion Loss Connect the DUT Figure 3 23 Equipment Setup for a Conversion Loss Measurement ...

Page 101: ...the device divided by the incident power To display the result in logarithmic magnitude format designated by Log Mag at the top of the measurement screen the analyzer computes the measurement trace using the following formula where Ptrans the power measured at the IF output of the mixer and where Pinc the incident power at the RF input b A level of 0 dB would indicate a perfect device no loss or g...

Page 102: ...sion Loss Figure 3 24 Example of a Conversion Loss Measurement NOTE For the measurement to be valid input signals must fall within the dynamic range and frequency range of the analyzer See Chapter 5 for techniques to increase the dynamic range of the analyzer ...

Page 103: ...ints per sweep and sampled data points may not occur at evenly spaced intervals unless the analyzer is in CW mode The AUX INPUT sampling rate depends upon the instrument state and sweep In CW mode with the fastest possible sweep time set to AUTO system bandwidth has the most significant effect on this timing Data points are typically taken at about 0 2 0 6 7 2 and 70 ms intervals in wide medium na...

Page 104: ...rements Making Measurements with the Auxiliary Input Auxiliary Input Characteristics Nominal impedance 10 kΩ Accuracy 3 of the auxiliary input reading 20 mV Calibrated range 10 V Usable range 15 V Maximum input 15 V Damage Level 15 1 V ...

Page 105: ...ay correctly the phase difference at a specific aperture must be less than 180 degrees satisfying the following relationship If this relationship is not satisfied incorrect measurements will occur since the measurement of the phase difference at adjacent points will be undersampled This section uses an example measurement to describe how to calibrate and make a basic phase derived delay group dela...

Page 106: ... but noisier responses and maximum apertures giving less resolution but smoother responses For this example choose an aperture of 4 by pressing Perform an Enhanced Response Calibration Refer to the section Perform an Enhanced Response Calibration on page 3 16 for an example of how to perform an enhanced response calibration PRESET User Preset Factory Preset MEAS 1 Transmissn FORMAT Delay FREQ Cent...

Page 107: ...t refer to Figure 3 26 Example of a Phase Derived Delay Measurement Display or your analyzer s display if you are making this measurement on your instrument a The measurement trace depicts the amount of time it takes for each frequency to travel through the DUT 3 To quickly determine the filter s maximum delay point press 4 Note the marker readout in Figure 3 26 provides the frequency and delay in...

Page 108: ...3 26 Example of a Phase Derived Delay Measurement Display 5 See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more detailed information on using markers to interpret measurements NOTE Phase derived delay measurements can benefit from the noise reduction techniques discussed in Chapter 5 ...

Page 109: ...a filter In this example a bandpass filter like the one that was shipped with your network analyzer is used TIP An optimum calibration is critical for achieving best measurement accuracy Refer to Chapter 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy for detailed information about all of the various aspects of calibration Enter the Measurement Parameters Press the following keys on the analyzer ...

Page 110: ...Port Reflection Calibration on page 3 33 Connect the DUT Figure 3 27 Equipment Setup for a Reflection Measurement of a Two Port Device NOTE If you connect the DUT between both analyzer ports it is recommended that you use a 10 dB pad on the output of the DUT to improve measurement accuracy If you connect a two port DUT to the REFLCTION port only it is recommended that you use a high quality load s...

Page 111: ...line is the real portion of the impedance the resistance The center of the horizontal axis always represents the system impedance 50 Ω in this example b The dashed circles that intersect the horizontal axis represent constant resistance The dashed arcs that are tangent to the horizontal axis represent constant reactance c The upper half of the Smith chart is the area where the reactive component i...

Page 112: ...nt Γ can be determined in the following two ways i Reading the Smith chart as follows ρ Γ the distance from the measurement point to the center point on the chart See Figure 3 30 Determining the Magnitude and Phase of the Reflection Coefficient Γ θ the angle between the horizontal axis of the Smith chart and a line from the center point to the measurement point See Figure 3 30 ...

Page 113: ...o so press Figure 3 30 Determining the Magnitude and Phase of the Reflection Coefficient 3 Figure 3 31 Example of an Impedance Measurement on the next page shows an example of an actual measurement Note the marker readout in the upper right corner of the display The marker values are frequency resistance reactance and the equivalent capacitance or inductance respectively FORMAT Polar ...

Page 114: ...3 62 ET User s Guide Making Measurements Measuring Impedance using the Smith Chart Figure 3 31 Example of an Impedance Measurement ...

Page 115: ...nt is highly dependent on a good calibration The accuracy of the impedance measurement is best when the measurement results are near the analyzer s system impedance 50 or 75 ohms The resolution is limited by internal math calculations to approximately 5 to 10 milliohms To use the impedance magnitude format press How the Reflection Measurement Works A reflection trace can be converted to equivalent...

Page 116: ...lculation for Transmission Measurements In the formula shown above T is the complex transmission response The complex impedance ZTrans is computed based on T and Z0 The analyzer displays the magnitude of ZTrans This is not the same as a two port Z parameter conversion as only the measured parameter is used in the equations Since the enhanced response calibration cannot correct for load match error...

Page 117: ...ming the enhanced response calibration When interpreting the resulting impedance measurement remember that the analyzer is computing a transform and displaying the equivalent series impedance If your device has significant shunt impedance the results may differ significantly from the expected series impedance Figure 3 34 Equipment Setup for a Transmission Measurement of Impedance Magnitude ...

Page 118: ...3 66 ET User s Guide Making Measurements Measuring Impedance Magnitude ...

Page 119: ...ET User s Guide 4 1 4 Using Instrument Functions ...

Page 120: ...ns are explained in this chapter Using Markers on page 4 3 Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 Using Reference Tracking on page 4 42 Customizing the Display on page 4 45 Saving and Recalling Measurement Results on page 4 55 Connecting and Configuring Printers and Plotters on page 4 67 Printing and Plotting Measurement Results on page 4 77 Using a Keyboard on page 4 82 Using an External VGA Monitor on...

Page 121: ... have a stimulus value a resistive value a reactive value and a complex impedance value In polar format markers have a stimulus value a magnitude value and a phase value When you switch on a marker and no other function is active the analyzer shows the marker stimulus value in the active entry area You can control markers with the front panel knob the keys or the front panel numeric keypad The mar...

Page 122: ...sponse measurement of a filter To follow along with these examples use the filter that was shipped with your analyzer connect the equipment as shown and set up the analyzer by pressing the keys shown below the equipment setup graphic Figure 4 2 Connect the Filter to the Analyzer Press NOTE When you make a hardcopy of your measurement results that contain displayed markers you can choose to have a ...

Page 123: ...ven time The active marker is designated by a triangle pointing down with the marker number above it Any other markers on the display are inactive and are designated by a triangle pointing up with the marker number below it Any marker can be made active by selecting its corresponding softkey The active marker s values are always displayed in the upper right corner of the display screen and you can...

Page 124: ...t marker search types on measurement channel 1 that are incompatible with those on measurement channel 2 and vice versa Doing so can cause the markers on the inactive channel to be moved Be careful to ensure you are using the correct markers for the measurement channel you are currently measuring especially when marker tracking is turned on To Use Max Search and Min Search The maximum search funct...

Page 125: ...urement trace respectively You can search for the next highest or lowest point using the and keys A maximum or minimum point is detected whenever an amplitude excursion greater than half of a division occurs The half of a division excursion requirement must be satisfied on both sides left and right of the peak or minimum The maximum or minimum point must be 60 dB See Figure 4 4 Mkr Max Mkr Min Nex...

Page 126: ...m Search Criteria When the maximum or minimum point is at or near either edge of the display the excursion requirement is satisfied by a half of a division excursion on just one side of the maximum or minimum See Figure 4 5 Figure 4 5 Peak and Minimum Search Criteria at Display Endpoints ...

Page 127: ...rmat only 1 Press The bandwidth search feature analyzes a bandpass filter and calculates the bandwidth center frequency and Q see note below for the specified bandwidth level The default bandwidth search level is 3 dB The bandwidth information is displayed in the upper right corner of the network analyzer screen The bandwidth feature puts marker 1 in delta marker mode Delta marker mode is explaine...

Page 128: ...th Marker Search shows a 6 dB bandwidth marker search on measurement channel 1 Dedicated Use of Markers in Bandwidth Search Mode a The center frequency is defined by the analyzer as the midpoint between the two bandwidth cutoff points 6 ENTER FREQ Disp Freq Resolution Dedicated Use Measurement Channel 1 Measurement Channel 2 maximum power value marker 1 marker 2 center frequency of pass band a mar...

Page 129: ...ET User s Guide 4 11 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 6 6 dB Bandwidth Marker Search ...

Page 130: ...mode Delta marker mode is explained later in this chapter NOTE Q stands for quality factor defined as the ratio of a circuit s resonant frequency to its bandwidth Your analyzer calculates Q as the center frequency divided by the bandwidth Each marker s dedicated use is listed in the following table Figure 4 7 shows a 6 dB notch marker search on measurement channel 1 Dedicated Use of Markers in Not...

Page 131: ...ET User s Guide 4 13 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 7 6 dB Notch Marker Search ...

Page 132: ...notch search will be performed after each sweep NOTE During a multi peak or multi notch search eight markers are always placed on the trace regardless of how many peaks or notches are found The markers that aren t placed on a peak or notch are placed at the far right of the display on the current maximum frequency point A maximum or minimum point is detected whenever an amplitude excursion greater...

Page 133: ...e of the maximum or minimum See Figure 4 9 Figure 4 9 Peak and Minimum Search Criteria at Display Endpoints Connect a multi pole filter and press and if measuring a multi pole bandpass filter or if measuring a multi pole notch filter See Figure 4 10 Multi Peak Search Mode and Figure 4 11 Multi Notch Search Mode for examples of a multi peak and a multi notch search respectively MARKER Marker Search...

Page 134: ...4 16 ET User s Guide Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 10 Multi Peak Search Mode ...

Page 135: ...ET User s Guide 4 17 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 11 Multi Notch Search Mode ...

Page 136: ... the same time as marker search functions To Use Marker Statistics The marker statistics function measures a user defined segment of the measurement trace and calculates the following frequency span mean amplitude standard deviation of the amplitude response peak to peak ripple Limit testing may be performed on the statistical mean and peak to peak ripple See To Use Marker Limit Functions on page ...

Page 137: ...ET User s Guide 4 19 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 12 Marker Statistics Function ...

Page 138: ...he magnitude difference of the maximum and minimum calculated deviations from the straight line Limit testing may be performed on the flatness parameter See To Use Marker Limit Functions on page 4 32 for information 1 On measurement channel 1 press and set markers 1 and 2 to define the beginning and end of the trace segment that you want to measure When using measurement channel 2 use markers 3 an...

Page 139: ...ET User s Guide 4 21 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 13 Marker Flatness Function ...

Page 140: ...d stopband 2 Press 3 At the end of each sweep this feature calculates the insertion loss and peak to peak ripple of the passband as well as the maximum signal amplitude in the stopband The insertion loss is defined as the minimum point between markers 1 and 2 with respect to 0 dB The peak to peak ripple of the passband is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum points in the pass...

Page 141: ...ET User s Guide 4 23 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 14 RF Filter Statistics Function ...

Page 142: ...th this example set up the instrument for a transmission measurement of the bandpass filter that was shipped with your instrument 1 Press to move marker 1 the active marker to the maximum value on the trace 2 Press to place a reference marker at the active marker position 3 Press to place marker 1 to the minimum point on the trace 4 The difference between the markers frequency and amplitude value ...

Page 143: ...ET User s Guide 4 25 Using Instrument Functions Using Markers Figure 4 15 Delta Marker Mode ...

Page 144: ...e all off and this function is selected it first turns on marker 1 at its previous setting or if no previous setting at the center frequency default 1 Press and then use the front panel knob or the numeric keypad to move the marker to about 10 dB 2 Press and note that the trace has now shifted up and that the marker is exactly on the reference level To Use Marker to Electrical Delay The marker to ...

Page 145: ... you are viewing a polar display format The polar format is accessed by pressing To Use Smith Chart Markers In Smith chart format markers have a resistive value a reactive value and a complex impedance value The Smith chart format is accessed by pressing For information on interpreting Smith chart values see Measuring Impedance using the Smith Chart on page 3 57 FORMAT Polar FORMAT Smith Chart ...

Page 146: ...e types of lines may be used individually or combined to represent the performance parameters for your device under test Also available are limit testing capabilities for five types of marker searches statistical mean peak to peak ripple flatness delta amplitude and delta frequency NOTE Limit testing is only performed on the measurement data trace It cannot be performed on a memory trace NOTE Limi...

Page 147: ... to the current limits If you are using the filter that was shipped with your instrument you should see a PASS indicator To edit a current limit line and to see what a fail indicator looks like press and set the and to 0 dB 11 Notice the display now shows the FAIL indicator NOTE You can move the position of the pass fail indicator turn on or off the pass fail text and turn on or off the fail icon ...

Page 148: ...OTE When creating limit lines you can enter frequency and limit values using the front panel knob or the keys as well as the numeric keypad Figure 4 16 Limit Lines shows limit lines that dictate the specified shape of a bandpass filter In this example a filter was connected to the analyzer and tuned so that its response was within the created limit lines The pass fail indicator gives constant feed...

Page 149: ...ET User s Guide 4 31 Using Instrument Functions Using Limit Testing Figure 4 16 Limit Lines ...

Page 150: ...he closest data point to the frequency of the set limit See Additional Notes on Limit Testing on page 4 39 for more information 1 Press 2 Press 3 Press To Use Marker Limit Functions The following marker limit test types are available in the marker limit table Statistic Mean Statistic p p Flatness Delta Ampl Delta Freq You can use pass fail limit testing on three parameters of the marker math funct...

Page 151: ...rs on the display with this limit test function Therefore the function has no effect when using marker limits Peak to Peak Ripple 1 This limit test requires that you first define a segment on the measurement trace using markers 1 and 2 or markers 3 and 4 for measurement channel 2 Then press to enable the statistics marker search See To Use Marker Statistics on page 4 18 for more information on usi...

Page 152: ...ximum limit using the front panel keypad and terminating the entry with the key 5 Press and enter the minimum limit using the front panel keypad and terminating the entry with the key NOTE Note that there are no visible limit lines or indicators on the display with this limit test function Therefore the function has no effect when using marker limits Delta Amplitude This marker limit test allows y...

Page 153: ...eference frequency Press and then use the front panel knob or the keys to place marker 1 at the desired place on the measurement trace The frequency of marker 1 at this point becomes the delta reference for this marker limit test 2 Press 3 Use the front panel knob or the keys to select Delta Freq in the marker limit test table Turn this limit function on by pressing the key Note that the entry in ...

Page 154: ...eated for tuning a filter to a particular shape If the shape is more important than the amplitude you can make the limit lines relative to the peak point of the trace using the reference tracking function In this example you would press The limit lines are now relative to the peak point on the measurement trace rather than set at an absolute amplitude For more information on reference tracking see...

Page 155: ...l Indicator Text and Icon The limit test pass fail indicator and text can be moved to any position on the display screen To move the position of the pass fail indicator 1 Press 2 Press and use the front panel knob or the keys to position the pass fail indicator along the horizontal axis You can also place the indicator along the horizontal axis by entering a percentage using the numeric keypad Ent...

Page 156: ...word pass or fail such as 1 FAIL by pressing You can toggle on or off the fail icon there is no pass icon only text by pressing Using a Marker During Limit Entry Pressing the softkey while entering a limit line will activate a marker The marker can be used to determine a frequency or level of interest on the device response DISPLAY Limit Menu Limit Options Limit Icon ON off DISPLAY Limit Menu Limi...

Page 157: ...before entering your limits Calculating the Frequency of a Data Point The frequency of each data point is calculated using the following formula where pt number ranges from 1 for the leftmost display point to number of points the rightmost display point Limit Testing and Measurement Points Limit testing is only performed on actual data points not interpolated values between them The limit lines or...

Page 158: ... limit line Figure 4 17 Limit Lines Example 1 Note that the beginning of the limit line falls between points A and B along the horizontal frequency axis The end of the limit line falls between points B and C along the frequency axis Therefore only one measurement point is encountered between the beginning and end of the limit line This particular example would result in a limit test result of PASS...

Page 159: ... 90 MHz Maximum limit line end frequency 200 MHz Refer to the illustration below for the discussion Around 199 MHz the data trace crosses through the limit line and thus appears to have failed the test However the analyzer shows the PASS indicator because the last point tested is at 198 MHz The last point displayed 210 MHz does not cause the limit test to fail because it is past the limit line end...

Page 160: ...ch sweep so that the point of interest always falls on the display reference line When reference tracking is on marker values are displayed relative to the point of interest Limit lines are also displayed relative to the point of interest when reference tracking is on You may want to use relative limits when the shape of a measurement trace is more important than the absolute amplitude See To Use ...

Page 161: ...Positions Figure 4 19 Reference Positions 2 Press The reference level is now adjusted with each sweep so that the peak point on the measurement trace falls on the reference line Note that the y axis is now a relative scale with all amplitude values referenced to the reference line 3 To turn reference tracking off press The y axis reverts to its previous scale format and the reference level is read...

Page 162: ...l is now adjusted with each sweep so that the frequency of interest falls on the reference line Note that the y axis is now a relative scale with all amplitude values referenced to the reference line Also note that a small arrow appears underneath the measurement trace at the point where the frequency of interest intersects the reference line 4 To turn reference tracking off press The y axis rever...

Page 163: ...display feature You can turn on or off features such as the display graticule and limit lines You can also modify and or turn on or off most of the display annotation You can expand the measurement display to the full screen size and eliminate all annotation except marker annotation Refer to Displaying Measurement Results in the Automating Measurements User s Guide Supplement for more information ...

Page 164: ...play Feature When using both measurement channels you can choose to either view both of them simultaneously on one full size display or use the split screen feature To use the split display feature press Refer to Figure 4 20 Figure 4 20 Split Display DISPLAY More Display Split Disp FULL split ...

Page 165: ...on Figure 4 21 Display Features 1 To turn on off the graticule press This softkey toggles the display graticule on and off 2 To turn on off the limit line or point press This softkey toggles the limit line or point on and off Turning limit lines or points off does not turn limit testing off NOTE You cannot turn off the delta amplitude or delta frequency limit indicators DISPLAY More Display Gratic...

Page 166: ...t to the default condition most of the display annotation is visible You may want to modify or turn on or off some of the annotation to customize the display to your preferences Figure 4 22 The Display Annotation shows the display screen and points out the different annotation areas Some of these areas can be modified and all of them can be turned on or off PRESET ...

Page 167: ...ET User s Guide 4 49 Using Instrument Functions Customizing the Display Figure 4 22 The Display Annotation ...

Page 168: ...eset state this annotation area is toggled off When the title mode is initially turned on by pressing line 1 is empty and the clock date and time of day is assigned to line 2 The menu allows you to customize these two lines The clock can be shown on line 1 line 2 or can be turned off You can enter up to 30 characters of text on either or both lines NOTE When the display is in split display mode li...

Page 169: ...alues in ABS mode the absolute value of each horizontal graticule line is indicated in REL mode the value of each horizontal graticule line is indicated relative to the value of the reference line To turn on or off the y axis annotation press Limit Test Pass Fail Indicator The limit test pass fail indicator can be moved to any position on the display screen To move the position of the pass fail in...

Page 170: ...y to the full screen size The remaining annotation is enlarged for better readability To use the expanded display feature follow the steps below 1 Press 2 Press At this point and until you turn the expand mode off with the key the key is used to toggle between the expanded display and the normal display NOTE Because the key also functions as the entry off key it may be necessary to press twice The...

Page 171: ...ET User s Guide 4 53 Using Instrument Functions Customizing the Display Figure 4 23 Normal Display ...

Page 172: ...4 54 ET User s Guide Using Instrument Functions Customizing the Display Figure 4 24 Expanded Display ...

Page 173: ...Instrument state information is saved and recalled for both measurement channels Cal The measurement calibration information is the measurement correction data that the analyzer creates when you make a calibration Measurement calibration information is saved and recalled for both measurement channels Data The measurement data consists of the actual measurement data trace You can save any combinati...

Page 174: ...rs allowed you to save to a LIF formatted floppy disk The C and the new E model analyzers allow you to read from a LIF disk but you cannot save to a LIF disk The file format for the A and B model analyzers is different from the C and the new E model format When saving data you can save it either in a format that is compatible with older analyzers or in a format that is only compatible with E analy...

Page 175: ... Preset State and Memory Allocation for information on the analyzer s instrument state memory allocation Select the Disk 1 Press and press the key that corresponds to the disk where you are going to save data Press to save to the analyzer s internal non volatile memory Non volatile means that the information will be retained in memory when the power to the analyzer is turned off This is the defaul...

Page 176: ...splayed on the network analyzer screen NOTE Note that the key is automatically toggled ON when the key is toggled ON 2 Press to save the instrument state file The filename appears on the screen as STATE STA where is a number the analyzer selects from 0 to 999 3 If you own older model network analyzers HP 8711A HP 8711B 12B 13B 14B HP 8711C 12C 13C 14C and you need your saved files to be recalled o...

Page 177: ...lue at that point Touchstone format also called S2P data format is useful for importing measurement data into CAE programs such as Hewlett Packard s Microwave Design System MDS and Advanced Design System ADS Since your analyzer cannot make full two port measurements saving in Touchstone format is generally only useful when measuring reflection response b Choose or depending on which measurement ch...

Page 178: ...pter 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy 1 Press and press the key that corresponds to the location where your desired file exists 2 If necessary change directories to the directory that contains the desired file as described in To Use Directory Utilities on page 4 65 3 Press and turn the front panel knob to move the highlighted bar to the file you want to recall 4 Press to recall the...

Page 179: ... files are placed on the softkeys in the order in which they appear in the disk s directory table NOTE You may want to use the feature to give your files more meaningful names See Other File Utilities on page 4 63 for information on renaming files 8 To fast recall an instrument state press the softkey next to the file that contains the instrument state 9 The fast recall toggle will remain on even ...

Page 180: ...r panel connector as shown in Figure 4 25 Figure 4 25 Connect a Switch to the USER TTL IN OUT Connector 2 Make sure the analyzer is configured to use the USER TTL IN OUT connector for softkey sequencing press 3 With fast recall toggled to on press the switch several times while observing the analyzer 4 Notice that with each press of the switch the files are highlighted boxed in succession and that...

Page 181: ...panel knob or the keys 2 Press 3 To delete all files within the current directory press To Copy a File 1 Highlight the file to be copied by using the front panel knob or the keys 2 Press and then select the destination disk for the file to be copied You will then be given the opportunity to edit the destination file name if you wish 3 Use a keyboard if connected or the front panel knob and the sof...

Page 182: ...ll notice that when using the file utilities the analyzer displays the SCPI name in the disk catalog window and in the filename entry windows NOTE The dynamic data disk is an internal FTP directory called data For more information refer to Accessing the Analyzer s Dynamic Data Disk located in The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement Table 4 1 Disk Access For more details on HP IB programming refe...

Page 183: ...le RAM disk internal volatile RAM disk or internal 3 5 disk floppy disk used in the analyzer s built in disk drive CAUTION Remember that volatile RAM disk memory will be lost if the power to the instrument is turned off 4 Press Think of a logical name to call a directory Standard MS DOS naming conventions apply to the name of the directory maximum of eight characters plus a three character extensi...

Page 184: ...ctory 1 A directory must be empty before it can be removed If there are files in the directory that you want to move elsewhere and delete refer to Other File Utilities on page 4 63 for information on how to copy and delete files 2 Highlight the directory to be removed by using the front panel knob or the keys 3 Press Formatting a Floppy Disk Unformatted floppy disks must be formatted before you ca...

Page 185: ...lotters are listed below some are no longer available for purchase but are listed here for your reference Also listed below is the address of an HP Web page that displays a current printer compatibility guide Compatible Plotters HP 7440A ColorPro Eight Pen Color Graphics Plotter HP 7470A Two Pen Graphics Plotter HP 7475A Six Pen Graphics Plotter HP 7550A B High Speed Eight Pen Graphics Plotter Com...

Page 186: ...S 232C Serial Interface Cable 1 2 m HP 24542G Serial Interface Cable 3 m 9F to 25M If your peripheral is to be connected via the LAN port on the analyzer you will need a LAN hub and 2 Ethertwist cables Choose from the following HP J2610B AdvanceStack 10Base T Hub 8U typical 8 port hub HP J2611B AdvanceStack 10Base T Hub 16U typical 16 port hub HP 92268A Twisted pair straight through cable 4 m HP 9...

Page 187: ...ions Connecting and Configuring Printers and Plotters Connect the Printer or Plotter 1 Turn off the analyzer and the printer or plotter 2 Connect to one of the ports shown in Figure 4 26 Peripheral Connections Figure 4 26 Peripheral Connections ...

Page 188: ...COPY PORT HP Plotter HP Plotter HP Plotter HP Printer HP Printer HP Printer Epson Compatible Epson Compatible File File File File File File HP LaserJet PCL5 6 HP LaserJet PCL5 6 HP LaserJet PCL5 6 HP LaserJet PCL5 6 HPGL HPGL HPGL PCL PCL PCL Epson Epson HPGL PCX PCL5 HPGL PCX PCL5 PCL5 PCL5 PCL5 PCL5 Parallel Port RS232 Serial HP IB Parallel Port RS232 Serial HP IB Parallel Port RS232 Serial Inte...

Page 189: ... front panel numeric key pad to make your entry Configuring the Analyzer for a LAN Printer Press Use an external keyboard connected to the analyzer s rear panel DIN KEYBOARD connector and type in the LAN IP address For information on using a keyboard see Using a Keyboard on page 4 82 Or use the front panel knob and key to point to and select each character of the IP address Then press Refer to The...

Page 190: ...yzer menus 1 Press to restore the default parameters for a printer The defaults are 2 Select the type of printer you have either or 3 Select the orientation of the paper to the information printed either or The portrait choice orientates the printout vertically the landscape orientates the printout horizontally 4 If you do not want auto feed active press 5 Press to change the margins and print wid...

Page 191: ...ting using PCL5 format the printed page s complexity may exceed the printer s ability to create the image and keep pace with the engine printing process If the data is too complex it might print in sections or only part of the page might print some print data loss is likely In such cases a PRINT OVERRUN message appears in the printer s display To solve this problem some printers have a feature cal...

Page 192: ...t choice orientates the printout vertically the landscape orientates the printout horizontally 4 If you do not want auto feed active press 5 Press to change the printer resolution margins and print width a Refer to the following table for some specific printers and their valid print resolutions Restore Defaults Parameter Default Monochrome Color Orientation Auto Feed Printer Resolution Top Margin ...

Page 193: ...g is 200 00 mm d Sets print width printing space of printout in mm Minimum setting is 80 mm maximum is 500 mm Width is defined relative to the printer It is the dimension at right angle to the travel of the paper Landscape mode is rotated one quarter turn relative to portrait mode Thus in landscape mode print width actually defines the height of the printed image Printer Valid Resolutions in DPI H...

Page 194: ...the type of plotter you have either monochrome or color 3 Use to select the pen number s for the data traces memory traces graticule and graphics Press when done selecting pens 4 If you do not want auto feed active press Restore Defaults Parameter Default Monochrome Color Monochrome Auto Feed ON Color Plotter Pen Numbers Trace 1 Pen 1 Trace 2 Pen 2 Memory 1 Pen3 Memory 2 Pen 4 Graticule Pen 5 Grap...

Page 195: ...to store it on the analyzer s non volatile RAM disk or a 3 5 floppy disk in the built in disk drive Also you must select either an HP GL PCL5 or PCX file format All of these formats can be imported to many personal computer PC applications such as word processors and drawing programs This allows a simple method for screen dumps to be used in reports memos or other communications In addition with t...

Page 196: ... and then one of the following selections Figure 4 27 Hardcopy Components and Formats Available and Figure 4 28 Trace Values show the available hardcopy components and formats HARDCOPY Define Hardcopy outputs both the graph and marker table outputs only the graph This selection allows printing of the limit line table as well outputs only the marker table This selection allows printing of the limit...

Page 197: ...ET User s Guide 4 79 Using Instrument Functions Printing and Plotting Measurement Results Figure 4 27 Hardcopy Components and Formats Available ...

Page 198: ...h chart format will be frequency resistance and complex impedance NOTE You may notice a decrease in measurement speed when the network analyzer is outputting to a printer or plotter that doesn t have a built in buffer For the fastest possible hardcopy dump to such devices press before beginning the print or plot Refer to the following table for some typical print times outputs only the marker tabl...

Page 199: ... 150 dpi b These times were measured with the HP DeskJet 1200C in paper fast mode c Do not use a color cartridge for mono print on single cartridge DeskJets d Print width set to 181 mm to more closely match the size of PCL landscape print Printer Resolution dpi a Portrait Format min sec Landscape Format min sec Desk Jet 400 Desk Jet 693C Desk Jet 890C Desk Jet 1200Cb Desk Jet 1600C Laser Jet 6L De...

Page 200: ...he connector NOTE If your keyboard has a standard large 5 pin DIN connector you will need to use a DIN to mini DIN small 6 pin adapter to connect the keyboard to the analyzer These adapters are available as HP part no 1252 4141 Contact the nearest HP sales or service office for more information To Use the Keyboard to Edit Using a keyboard makes editing of file and directory names or program lines ...

Page 201: ...ontrol using a Keyboard A keyboard template was supplied with your shipment If you place the template on your keyboard you will always have the following information on hand Should you misplace your keyboard template you can reorder with HP part number 08712 80028 You can use the key combinations below with a keyboard connected to the rear panel of the analyzer to activate the indicated front pane...

Page 202: ...econd key To select press alone In case of difficulty make sure that the keyboard is connected to the DIN KEYBOARD connector on the rear panel The keyboard must be IBM PC AT compatible Keyboard Function Key Front Panel Equivalents Shift Ctrl f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10 f11 f12 Softkey 1 Softkey 2 Softkey 3 Softkey 4 Softkey 5 Softkey 6 Softkey 7 Softkey 8 MEAS 1 MEAS 2 FREQ POWER SWEEP MENU SCA...

Page 203: ...t capabilities When you use the analyzer function to dump a graph you don t get the softkey menu that appears on the right hand side of the analyzer display Pressing on a keyboard will dump the current graph along with the current softkey menu HARDCOPY Shift Print Screen ...

Page 204: ... selected by pressing or were chosen for optimal viewing of measurement data and text on an external VGA color monitor and settings differ only in the colors assigned to Trace 1 Trace 2 Mem 1 and Mem 2 However you can customize the color of various display items if desired When importing screen images into a web browser or word processor via the LAN interface it is often desirable to select the in...

Page 205: ... hue NOTE All of the above color settings are retained when the analyzer is turned off or is preset To restore the default colors press or Item Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Background Text User Graphics Pen 2 User Graphics Pen 3 User Graphics Pen 4 User Graphics Pen 5 User Graphics Pen 6 User Graphics Pen 7 Inactive Text Warning Text Graticule Trace 1 Mem 1 Trace 2 Mem 2 Text...

Page 206: ...rnal monitor is a sync on green signal monitor press the key to enable the sync on green capability 3 Use the and keys to vary the display s position on the monitor After pressing one of these softkeys use the front panel knob the keys or the numeric keypad to vary the position of the display on the monitor 4 Press For synchronizing your external monitor use the and keys to vary the vertical and h...

Page 207: ...ET User s Guide 5 1 5 Optimizing Measurements ...

Page 208: ...st measurement results The following sections are included in this chapter Increasing Sweep Speed on page 5 3 Increasing Network Analyzer Dynamic Range on page 5 9 Reducing Trace Noise on page 5 12 Reducing Mismatch Errors on page 5 15 Compensating for Phase Shift in Measurement Setups on page 5 17 Measuring Devices with Long Electrical Delay on page 5 19 ...

Page 209: ... done to increase sweep speed increase the start frequency set sweep time in AUTO mode widen the system bandwidth reduce the amount of averaging reduce the number of measurement points view a single measurement channel turn off alternate sweep turn off markers and marker tracking turn off spur avoidance minimize frequency span to avoid bandcrossings HP 8714ET only To Increase the Start Frequency S...

Page 210: ... in auto sweep time mode If MAN is all capital letters the analyzer is in manual sweep time mode 2 If necessary press to toggle the time mode to AUTO To Widen the System Bandwidth Press to widen the IF bandwidth As the bandwidth increases the sweep speed gets faster and the trace noise increases Table 5 1 Relationship between System Bandwidth and Sweep Speed SWEEP Sweep Time AUTO man Sweep Time au...

Page 211: ...s or the numeric keypad to enter the reduced number Generally as the number of points is decreased so is the sweep time However other factors will affect the sweep time such as using frequency bands that contain very low frequencies below approximately 20 MHz the number of band crossing points encountered in a sweep at approximately 1900 MHz 2310 MHz and 2620 MHz HP 8714ET only if the MHz msec rat...

Page 212: ...requency span decreases the total cycle time generally decreases As the number of points decreases the total cycle time decreases To View a Single Measurement Channel If you are viewing both measurement channels but only need one you can decrease measurement time by turning one of the channels off Select the channel you wish to turn off with either the or button Then select MEAS 1 MEAS 2 Meas OFF ...

Page 213: ...tkey should appear To Turn Off Markers and Marker Tracking When markers are on time is required to update the marker readouts Turning off markers can reduce sweep cycle time by up to 30 ms When the marker softkey menu is active it too must be updated adding up to 10 ms to the sweep cycle time Press When marker tracking is on the analyzer performs a search after each sweep Simple searches like can ...

Page 214: ...e to increase sweep speed 1 Press and look at the softkey 2 If the key is highlighted with a box around it press the key NOTE If Spur Avoid must be used in your measurement set the start frequency as high as possible to obtain the fastest possible sweeps To Avoid Frequency Bandcrossings HP 8714ET only Sweep time is increased when the analyzer encounters a bandcrossing point The frequency bandcross...

Page 215: ...receiver input power to achieve the highest dynamic range You can increase the analyzer s source output power as long as the test device output power stays within the measurement range of the analyzer Press and enter the new source power level If your test device output power stays within the maximum input limits shown below the receiver compression will be minimized Maximum Recommended Input Powe...

Page 216: ...put bandwidth As system bandwidth is reduced more receiver measurements are used per frequency point increasing the sweep time However with system bandwidth reduction unlike averaging only one sweep is required for the reduced noise floor effect The analyzer offers a choice of six system bandwidths wide medium wide default setting medium medium narrow narrow and fine 1 Press 2 Press the key that c...

Page 217: ...ses time for each individual sweep remains the same but total measurement time increases Averaging is better than system bandwidth reduction at minimizing very low frequency noise 1 Press and enter an averaging factor that is less than the value displayed on the analyzer screen followed by 2 Press NOTE When averaging is on there is an indicator in the lower right corner of the analyzer s display T...

Page 218: ...ully in the previous section To Change System Bandwidth for Reducing Trace Noise By reducing the system bandwidth you reduce the noise that is measured during the sweep However the decreased bandwidth may slow down the sweep While averaging requires multiple sweeps to reduce noise narrowing the system bandwidth reduces the noise on each sweep See the previous section for a more detailed explanatio...

Page 219: ... it imposes no sweep time penalty But some spurs occurring within the measured frequency band may not be shifted out of band and others may be shifted in Therefore dither is most effective for narrowband measurements with a user defined measurement calibration To activate dithering 1 Press 2 Make a user defined measurement calibration Refer to Chapter 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accura...

Page 220: ...es sweep time Since there are more spurs at the lower frequencies the time penalty can be reduced by setting the start frequency of the measurement as high as possible CAUTION The measurement calibration must be performed with the same spur avoid mode used in the measurement or your results may be invalid CAUTION You will invalidate the measurement calibration if you turn spur avoid off MENU Spur ...

Page 221: ...bed in this section Reducing Mismatch Errors in a Reflection Measurement The best way to reduce mismatch errors in a reflection measurement of a two port device is to perform a reflection calibration directly at the point that will connect to the DUT using the exact frequency parameters that you will be using for the measurement The accuracy of a one port calibration for a two port device can be i...

Page 222: ... shown in Figure 3 34 on page 3 65 See Chapter 6 for more information on calibration choices for transmission measurements NOTE Using an attenuator on the output of the DUT will reduce the system dynamic range Reducing Mismatch Errors when Measuring Both Reflection and Transmission When you want to measure reflection and transmission simultaneously or without changing the test setup perform both a...

Page 223: ...on directly at your DUT See Figure 5 2 Compensating for Test Fixture Delay for this discussion For example you might have a test fixture with type N connectors where you can easily perform an accurate calibration However calibrating at this connector does not remove the electrical length within the fixture The desired calibration reference plane is on the other side of the test fixture where you m...

Page 224: ...ce When measuring transmission the reflection port extension delay and the transmission port extension delay are each applied once Electrical Delay Another type of reference plane extension is accessible from the key Electrical delay lets you add delay to your current measurement to compensate for phase shift To flatten the phase response at a certain frequency use This automatically adjusts the e...

Page 225: ... exact frequency being emitted at the RF OUT port with an input bandwidth determined by the system bandwidth selection If the RF IN signal is lower in frequency than the RF OUT signal the measurement of RF IN signal will be attenuated by the frequency response of the system bandwidth The amount of attenuation increases as the amount of frequency shift increases The amount of attenuation also incre...

Page 226: ...5 20 ET User s Guide Optimizing Measurements Measuring Devices with Long Electrical Delay ...

Page 227: ...ET User s Guide 6 1 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy ...

Page 228: ... calibration is also called cal accuracy enhancement and error correction Measurement errors are classified as random drift and systematic errors Random errors such as noise and connector repeatability are non repeatable and not correctable by measurement calibration Drift errors such as frequency and temperature drift occur after a calibration has been performed and can only be removed by doing a...

Page 229: ...sstalk between test ports In reflection measurements it is due to imperfect directivity of internal signal separation devices Mismatch errors are due to the fact that the analyzer s port impedances are not exactly equal to the system impedance across the frequency range Source match errors are produced on the source network analyzer RF OUT side of the DUT load match errors on the load network anal...

Page 230: ...alibration the analyzer calculates the difference between measurement data of known calibration standards and ideal measurement data to create error correction arrays The network analyzer uses these error correction arrays to correct subsequent measurement data To see all of the calibration choices available for measurements refer to Table 6 1 Calibration Choices on page 6 8 To perform a quality c...

Page 231: ...asurement reference plane is where you connect your DUT Best measurement results occur when these reference planes are aligned so that you calibrate out the effects of the test fixture and its associated cables and hardware Figure 6 3 illustrates that one method of aligning the reference planes is to connect your calibration standards at the same point that you connect your DUT For information on ...

Page 232: ...st doesn t require the best accuracy possible Your test device is connected directly to the analyzer s reflection port with no adapters or intervening cables If your test setup meets these conditions you can use the default calibration rather than perform a user defined calibration However without a user defined calibration the analyzer is not guaranteed to meet its published measurement port spec...

Page 233: ... you must select a calibration kit to match the port at your calibration reference plane Refer to The Calibration Reference Plane on page 6 5 and Calibration Kits on page 6 16 3 Press the key to bring up the calibration choices for the type of measurement you selected in step 1 See Table 6 1 and Figure 6 4 on the following pages for the types of calibrations available for each type of measurement ...

Page 234: ...oices Transmission Default Response Response Response Isolation Enhanced Response Normalize Reflection Default 1 Port 1 Port Fault Location 1 See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement SRL1 See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement Power Autozero Manual Zero Normalize Conversion Loss Autozero Manual Zero Normalize Unratioed narrowband internal detection Normalize ...

Page 235: ...ET User s Guide 6 9 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy Calibration Choices Figure 6 4 Calibration Choices ...

Page 236: ...te that after you have retrieved a calibration a C appears in the upper right hand corner of the display This C indicates that a user defined cal is in use If you change to a narrower span note that the C changes to C indicating the analyzer is now interpolating between calibrated measurement points The C notation also appears when other system parameters such as power number of points or sweep ti...

Page 237: ... Connect your equipment as you would for an actual measurement but omit the DUT 3 Press or 4 Notice that the top of the display on the analyzer now shows the type of measurement followed by M to indicate that the displayed data is actually the measurement divided by memory CAUTION The normalization cal will be invalidated if any frequency settings are changed after calibration There is no correcti...

Page 238: ...t for the port at your calibration reference plane Refer to The Calibration Reference Plane on page 6 5 and Calibration Kits on page 6 16 3 Press and then one of the following softkeys Restoring the default calibration recalls error correction arrays that were calculated at the factory or during servicing and then permanently stored in memory This response calibration was performed using full band...

Page 239: ...standard across the frequency band you have defined using the number of points you have defined The measurements of these standards are used to remove systematic errors caused by frequency response and source match Transmission Calibration Interpolation Widening the frequency span after performing any of these calibrations will invalidate them and restore the default calibration You may narrow the...

Page 240: ...ne on page 6 5 and Calibration Kits on page 6 16 3 Press and then one of the following softkeys Restoring the default calibration recalls error correction arrays that were calculated at the factory or during servicing and then permanently stored in memory This one port calibration was performed using full band entire frequency span and 401 frequency points and corrects systematic errors caused by ...

Page 241: ...normalization calibration See To Perform a Normalization Calibration located earlier in this chapter and Measuring Conversion Loss located in Chapter 3 When in conversion loss measurement mode the analyzer is using its internal broadband detectors and pressing the key calls up a menu for zeroing the detectors Zeroing the detectors helps compensate for drift due to changes in ambient temperature Th...

Page 242: ...tch the port at your calibration reference plane Selecting a Calibration Kit Stored in the Analyzer To select a calibration kit press and use the front panel knob or the up and down keys to highlight the desired port in the display s table Next select the softkey for the connector type of your port or press and select the softkey for one of ten user defined calibration kits User Cal Kit A J CAL Mo...

Page 243: ... the default cal kit for the analyzer is type N female because the front panel RF ports are female the calibration standards in turn have male connectors Cal Kit Model Number Impedance Connector Type For Use with Male Test Ports For Use with Female Test Ports HP 85039B 75 Ω type F HP 85036B 75 Ω type N HP 85036E 75 Ω type N HP 85032B 50 Ω type N HP 85032E 50 Ω type N HP 85031B 50 Ω APC 7 N A N A H...

Page 244: ...evice that has one or more noninsertable port pairs Refer to your multiport test set s User s and Service Guide for more information NOTE If your port has a connector type TNC for example which is not one of the selections under the Cal Kit menu you may want to select APC 7 as your port since it has nearly ideal characteristics Next modify the calibration kit characteristics so they match those of...

Page 245: ...ific well defined physical device used to determine systematic errors Each standard has a precisely known or predictable magnitude and phase response as a function of frequency The response of each standard is mathematically defined in the error models used by the network analyzer A standard type is one of four basic types that define the form or structure of the model to be used with that standar...

Page 246: ...ual measurement plane For an open short and load the DELAY is entered as the one way travel time from the measurement plane to the standard in seconds For a through the DELAY is entered as the one way travel time between the measurement planes in seconds Delay can be measured or determined from the precise physical length of the standard divided by the velocity factor Loss Loss is used to specify ...

Page 247: ...Hz Farads Hz C2 is used to enter the C2 term expressed in F Hz2 C3 is used to enter the C3 term expressed in F Hz3 For further information on calibration kits and determining standard characteristics refer to HP Product Note 8510 5A HP Publication No 5956 4352 To view this product note on the Web go to http www tmo hp com and select Application Note Library Step 2 Create a User Defined Calibration...

Page 248: ... A J are saved in nonvolatile memory in the method just described Saving the instrument state also saves the Cal Kit Method B Use an ASCII file You can edit the ASCII file provided on the Example Programs Disk or create your own ASCII file Remember that these files are compatible with MS DOS and thus you could use any IBM compatible PC and a text editor that can modify ASCII files Just be sure to ...

Page 249: ...50 LOSS 0 0 Ohms Sec 260 270 through HP 85054 60038 Plug to Plug Adapter 280 Z0 50 0 Ohms 290 DELAY 196 0E 12 Sec 300 LOSS 2 2E 9 Ohms Sec 310 320 END 10 Standard Definitions for HP 85054B Precision Type N Cal Kit 20 30 Definitions for 50 Ohm jack FEMALE center contact test 40 ports plug MALE center contact standards 50 60 OPEN HP 85054 60027 Open Circuit Plug 70 Z0 50 0 Ohms 80 DELAY 57 993E 12 S...

Page 250: ... INT for internal disk press 3 Highlight the file CALKIT in the case of the Example Programs Disk 4 Press and wait for the prompt Loaded cal kit information for 4 calibration standards Recall of cal kit from CALKIT complete 5 Press and use the front panel knob or the keys to highlight the desired port in the display s table Next select the softkey that corresponds to the User Cal Kit where the ASC...

Page 251: ...rement accuracy CAUTION The published specifications for your analyzer system include accuracy enhancement with compatible calibration kits Measurement calibrations made with user defined calibration kits are not subject to those analyzer specifications To preset one of the ten User Cal Kits User Cal Kit A J to a type N f calibration kit press Use the up or down arrows or the front panel knob to h...

Page 252: ...ration to the analyzer s internal non volatile RAM disk volatile RAM disk or a floppy disk in the built in disk drive 1 Press which will toggle the save cal function to ON 2 Press and select where you want the calibration saved See Saving and Recalling Measurement Results on page 4 55 for information on the three available selections 3 Press to save the calibration 4 The analyzer will save the cal...

Page 253: ...e analyzer s internal non volatile RAM disk volatile RAM disk or a floppy disk in the built in disk drive 1 Press and press the key that corresponds to the location where your desired file exists 2 If necessary change directories to the directory that contains the desired file as described in To Use Directory Utilities on page 4 65 3 Press and turn the front panel knob to move the highlighted bar ...

Page 254: ...g valid measurements you can use the calibration check to confirm that your current measurement calibration is valid or to reveal that it is faulty Using a different set of calibration standards for the calibration check than the ones you used for the initial calibration will help you to rule out the possibility of degraded or faulty cal standards Using Calibration Check to Determine Calibration I...

Page 255: ...Terms Table 6 2 Calibration Check Error Terms 1 O Open S Short L Load T Thru 2 See Error Term Descriptions and Typical Values on page 6 31 3 Used with multiport test sets Measurement Type Calibration Types Standards Needed 1 Error Terms 2 Computed Transmission Default Response Response Isolation Enhanced Response Test Set 3 O S L T O S L T O S L 2 T O S L T O S L T Source Match Load Match Transmis...

Page 256: ...t a faulty calibration standard is being used it is recommended that you use a different set of calibration standards for the calibration check than you used to perform the initial calibration The different set of calibration standards must be of the same type as the original set 4 Once you have properly connected all the required standards as prompted the analyzer computes the residual errors for...

Page 257: ...al residual error term values 1 Typical values include cables and fixtures Your results will vary depending upon your cables fixturing and connector type Error Term Typical Value 1 Directivity Source Match corrected Source Match uncorrected Load Match Transmission Tracking Isolation Reflection Tracking 65 dB 53 dB 22 dB 22 dB 0 01 to 0 01 dB 85 to 120 dBm 0 02 to 0 02 dB ...

Page 258: ...ion measurement error term that indicates the ability of the analyzer to separate the reflected signal from the incident signal Corrected directivity less than 65 dB is expected after calibrations have been performed This is the same value you would measure when measuring a load standard Figure 6 5 Typical Directivity Error Term ...

Page 259: ...ct for source match The two transmission calibration types that will correct for source match are Enhanced Response and Test Set Cal Test Set Cal is only available when using your analyzer with a multiport test set If you are using a multiport test set refer to its User s and Service Guide for more information A corrected source match of 53 dB indicates a good calibration for these two calibration...

Page 260: ...on Figure 6 6 Typical Source Match Corrected Error Term All other calibration types do not correct for source match The source match error term for other types of calibrations will be equal to the raw source match of the port in these cases See Figure 6 7 This value can be in the 22 dB range ...

Page 261: ...ET User s Guide 6 35 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy Checking the Calibration Figure 6 7 Typical Source Match Uncorrected Error Term ...

Page 262: ...he Calibration Load Match Load match is a transmission measurement error term It is a measure of the re reflections contributed from the match of the through standard and the receiver port RF IN A typical value for this match term is 22 dB Figure 6 8 Typical Load Match Error Term ...

Page 263: ...n Transmission Tracking Transmission tracking is a transmission measurement error term It is a measure of the corrected through standard A typical transmission tracking error is 0 01 dB Most likely this term will be dominated by trace noise Figure 6 9 Typical Transmission Tracking Error Term ...

Page 264: ...talk between RF signal paths For example there may be leakage between the RF OUT and RF IN signal paths inside the analyzer The isolation term displays the best possible noise floor of a transmission measurement with no external signal path This measurement can be in the range of 120 to 85 dBm Figure 6 10 Typical Isolation Error Term ...

Page 265: ...ng the Calibration Reflection Tracking Reflection tracking is a reflection measurement error term It is a measure of how well the open or load standards have been corrected A typical reflection error tracking error is 0 02 dB Figure 6 11 Typical Reflection Tracking Error Term ...

Page 266: ...6 40 ET User s Guide Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy Checking the Calibration ...

Page 267: ...ET User s Guide 7 1 7 Front Rear Panel ...

Page 268: ...on on the following can be found in this chapter Connectors on page 7 3 Display on page 7 16 Knob on page 7 18 Power Switch on page 7 19 Display Intensity Control on page 7 20 Disk Drive on page 7 21 Line Module on page 7 22 The front panel keys are not documented in this chapter Refer to Chapter 8 Hardkey Softkey Reference for information on a particular front panel key ...

Page 269: ...ET User s Guide 7 3 Front Rear Panel Connectors Connectors Figure 7 1 Analyzer Connectors Front Panel ...

Page 270: ...ncy dc to approximately 360 Hz low voltage measurements This input is calibrated for inputs up to 10 V but will accept signals up to 15 V See Making Measurements with the Auxiliary Input on page 3 51 for more information EXT REF IN This rear panel female BNC connector accepts a 5 dBm 10 MHz signal from an external time base reference The nominal input impedance is 50 Ω ...

Page 271: ... pulses a low TTL level each time a frequency point is measured This is an open collector signal which you can drive low but must not drive high since the analyzer also drives it LIMIT TEST TTL IN OUT This rear panel female BNC connector provides a bi directional open collector TTL high signal The output goes high when the limit test passes The output goes low if the limit test fails This is an op...

Page 272: ...h can be set or read from IBASIC or SCPI HP IB This is an open collector signal which you can drive low but must not drive high since the analyzer also drives it See the Automating Measurements User s Guide Supplement for more information This connector can also be used with an external switch to automate softkey presses See User Defined BEGIN Key Menu and Using Fast Recall with a Switch in the Au...

Page 273: ...nnector allows the analyzer to be connected to other instruments or devices on the interface bus Details of this cable are shown in Figure 7 3 HP part numbers for various HP IB cables that are available are shown in the table following the figure Figure 7 3 HP IB Connector and Cable ...

Page 274: ...nging from 0 to 30 In a two instrument system that uses just one HP IB cable the cable length must not exceed 4 meters 13 2 ft When more than two instruments are connected on the bus the cable length to each instrument must not exceed two meters 6 6 ft The total cable length between all instruments must not exceed 20 meters 66 ft Hewlett Packard manufactures HP IB extender instruments Models HP 37...

Page 275: ...ATN FALSE Interface Clear IFC Initializes the interface to an idle state no activity on the bus Service Request SRQ Alerts the Controller to a need for communication Remote Enable REN Enables devices to respond to Remote Program Control when addressed to listen End Or Identify EOI Indicates last data byte of a multibyte sequence also used with ATN to parallel poll devices for their status bit ...

Page 276: ...ndard IBM PC compatible Centronics interface using a female DB 25 connector as shown in Figure 7 4 All pins are ESD protected data and strobe pins have 2200 pF capacitors voltage levels are TTL compatible output pins can source 15 mA and sink 24 mA See Configure the Hardcopy Port on page 4 70 for information on using this port with a printer or plotter Figure 7 4 Parallel Port Pin outs ...

Page 277: ...ear panel connector used with serial peripherals such as printers and plotters The pin out is shown in Figure 7 5 The connector is a male DB 9 See Configure the Hardcopy Port on page 4 70 for information on using this port with a printer or plotter Figure 7 5 RS 232 Connector Pin out ...

Page 278: ...DEO OUT connector looking into the connector Table 7 2 VGA Compatible Monitor Characteristics Figure 7 6 VIDEO OUT Connector Pin out 1 The analyzer also provides for sync on green monitors See Using an External VGA Monitor on page 4 86 Resolution Pixel rate Horizontal rate Vertical rate Video Sync 1 640 480 25 MHz 31 41 kHz 31 84 µs 59 82 Hz analog red green blue 0 714 V p p positive 75 Ω impedanc...

Page 279: ...ee Using a Keyboard on page 4 82 for more information Signals are IBM PC AT compatible EXT DET Y INPUT EXT DET X INPUT These rear panel connectors power external detectors and accept input from them for processing and display Compatible detectors are HP 86201B HP 86200B Pin Signal Description Pin Signal Description 1 Red Video 9 N C Key 2 Green Video 10 Digital Ground 3 Blue Video 11 GND Display I...

Page 280: ... The probe power output specifications are 15 V supply Iout 200 mA max 12 6 supply Iout 150 mA max Applying loads that result in current levels beyond these specifications can result in improper instrument operation or damage to the analyzer Both outputs are fused with 0 75 Amp fuses which are located on a circuit board on the inside front panel of the analyzer The fuses are plastic bi pin type Th...

Page 281: ...When Option 1EC is ordered this front panel connector is a female type N 75 Ω connector This port receives the RF signal for internal transmission measurements CAUTION While 50 Ω and 75 Ω type N connectors are similar in appearance they are not compatible 75 Ω type N connectors have a smaller center pin Connector damage can result if you attach a 50 Ω male connector to a 75 Ω female connector To a...

Page 282: ...User s Guide Front Rear Panel Display Display The analyzer display shows various measurement information The following illustration shows several locations where information is provided on the screen Figure 7 8 ...

Page 283: ...rement 7 This is the reference level This value is the reference line in Cartesian formats or the outer circle in polar formats The reference level is selected using the key 8 A C appears here when a user defined calibration is in use If the frequency span has been narrowed the notation becomes C to indicate that interpolated error correction is on A Cx appears when non corrected non simultaneous ...

Page 284: ...values and to give an analog feel to the setting of the values Any of the values that can be set through the numeric entry pad or the step keys can also be set using the knob However the rate at which the active parameter varies for a given amount of knob rotation is dependent on the parameter that is being controlled ...

Page 285: ...nly a standby switch and is not a LINE switch disconnecting device Alternatively an externally installed switch or circuit breaker may be used as a disconnecting device TIP When not using the analyzer leave it plugged in and switched to standby When in standby the analyzer supplies power to the non volatile memory thereby increasing the life of the internal non volatile memory battery WARNING Befo...

Page 286: ...7 20 ET User s Guide Front Rear Panel Display Intensity Control Display Intensity Control Figure 7 10 Display Intensity Control The display intensity control adjusts the brightness of the display ...

Page 287: ...BASIC programs In conjunction with IBASIC it allows the analyzer to enter a known state or an automated routine at power on The disk drive recognizes double sided 3 5 disks formatted in DOS and will utilize both high density HD disks 1 44 MB and 720 KB disks The analyzer s firmware and calibration constants can be updated when necessary using the appropriate disk in this drive Refer to the Service...

Page 288: ...r cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination See for the part numbers of these power cables Cables are available in different lengths Check with your nearest Hewlett Packard service center for descriptions and part numbers of cables other than those described in Figure 7 12 WARNING This is a Safety Class I product provided with a protective earthing ground incorporate...

Page 289: ...ET User s Guide 7 23 Front Rear Panel Line Module Figure 7 12 Power Cable and Line Mains Plug Part Numbers ...

Page 290: ...and a spare reside within the line module Figure 7 13 illustrates where the fuses are and how to access them Figure 7 13 Location of Line Fuses WARNING For continued protection against fire hazard replace line fuse only with same type and rating T 5A 250 V The use of other fuses or material is prohibited ...

Page 291: ...oltage selector switch to the proper position either 110 V or 220 V The power source must meet the following requirements Table 7 4 If the ac line voltage does not fall within these ranges an autotransformer that provides third wire continuity to ground may be used Nominal Setting AC Line Power 115 V 230 V 90 to 132 Vac 47 to 63 Hz 198 to 264 Vac 47 to 63 Hz ...

Page 292: ...7 26 ET User s Guide Front Rear Panel Line Module ...

Page 293: ...ET User s Guide 8 1 8 Hardkey Softkey Reference ...

Page 294: ...rence Introduction Introduction This chapter provides a brief description of the analyzer s hardkeys and softkeys This chapter is arranged alphabetically for ease of use NOTE See the Service Guide for a description of service related softkeys ...

Page 295: ...ration Restores a previous one port calibration if current analyzer parameters are compatible with those used during the previous calibration Corrects for directivity source match and frequency response errors See To Perform a Reflection Calibration on page 6 14 for more information Softkey in the cal kit menu of 50 ohm instruments Selects the type of cal kit as 3 5 mm See Chapter 6 Calibrating fo...

Page 296: ...ss Keys Softkey in the cal kit menu of 50 ohm instruments Selects the type of cal kit as 7 16 This cal kit will work for both male and female connectors See Chapter 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy for more information Access Keys NOTE By convention cal kits indicate the sex of the port with which they are used For example the default cal kit for the analyzer is type N female becau...

Page 297: ...r to the hardcopy device NOTE Hardcopy devices with large buffers may continue to operate for quite a while after this command To stop such devices immediately turn off power to the hardcopy device Softkey in the do cal check menu Stops the current cal check procedure and returns to the cal check menu See Chapter 6 for more information on using cal check Access keys Softkey in the modify kit menu ...

Page 298: ...Chapter 6 Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy for more information Access Keys Softkey in the limit menu Displays the menu to add limit lines or points to the limit table See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for detailed information on using limit lines Access Keys Softkey in the users setup menu Displays dialog boxes for entering login user password pairs to the access list of your ana...

Page 299: ...hannel See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for detailed information on using markers Formats the real time internal clock to display the first three letters of the month rather than a number for example Mar for March instead of 03 Access keys Softkey in the menu When alternate sweep is toggled ON the analyzer shows the operation of different instrument states on its two displayed measurement chan...

Page 300: ...ing annotation for the measurement channel frequency and markers See Customizing the Display on page 4 45 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the cal kit menu of 50 ohm instruments Selects the type of cal kit as APC 7 See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the delay aperture menu which is available when the analyzer is in Delay format See Measuring Gr...

Page 301: ...NFS devices See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the NFS device setup menu Displays the automount setup menu which allows you to add or remove an NFS device on the automount device table See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Scales the data trace vertically to fit within the graticule ...

Page 302: ...number in powers of 2 Acceptable values are 1 2 4 8 16 32 and 64 The default averaging factor is 16 the maximum is 64 See To Reduce the Receiver Noise Floor on page 5 10 for more information on how averaging works Softkey in the menu Toggle to ON if you want to enable the averaging function Averaging reduces random noise by averaging the measurement data from sweep to sweep See To Reduce the Recei...

Page 303: ...de detector transmission measurement of the ratio of input B broadband transmitted power to input R broadband reference signal See Measuring Devices with Your Network Analyzer on page 3 3 for more information on ratioed measurement B R Access Keys or Softkey in the narrowband internal menu Selects the tuned receiver measurement of the ratio of input B transmitted power to input R reference signal ...

Page 304: ...any of the four types of devices in the begin menu Recommended for one channel measurements See Using the BEGIN Key to Make Measurements on page 3 10 for more information Softkey used to define a limit line See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for more information Access Keys or Softkey used to define a limit line See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for more information Access Keys or Softkey in ...

Page 305: ... measurements made with external broadband detectors X Y X Y Y X Y R Access Keys or Softkey in the detection options menu Displays the menu to select measurements made with internal broadband detectors B R or B R Access Keys or Softkey in the menu Sets up the analyzer to make transmission or reflection measurements of passive devices such as cables BOOTP Setup SYSTEM OPTIONS LAN Broadband External...

Page 306: ...Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the open menu Allows you to modify the C3 characteristic of the open calibration standard in your calibration kit See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Option 100 only Softkey in the menu Sets up the analyzer for fault location and SRL measurements See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement for information ...

Page 307: ...e used For example the default cal kit for the analyzer is type N female because the front panel RF ports are female the calibration standards in turn have male connectors See Chapter 6 for more information on calibration kits Access Keys Softkey in the define save menu Toggle to ON if you want to save the active measurement calibration along with the current instrument state See Saving and Recall...

Page 308: ...enu Determines how the date and time are displayed when they are turned on Date abbreviations YYYY stands for year MM stands for month DD stands for day Time abbreviations HH stands for hour 24 hour mode MM stands for minute In numeric format the month is displayed by number for example March is 03 In alpha format the first three letters of the month are displayed for example Mar See and in this c...

Page 309: ... of your analyzer See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the select disk menu Displays the menu to modify the memory allocation for the internal volatile RAM disk Access Keys Softkey in the IBASIC menu Restarts a program that has been paused See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook and Supplement for more information on using IBASIC Access Keys...

Page 310: ...ays the character entry menu to rename file if desired prior to copying Access Keys or Softkey in the copy file menu Used to select the analyzer s internal non volatile RAM as the destination drive for copying of files Displays the character entry menu to rename the file if desired prior to copying Access Keys or Softkey in copy file menu Used to select the analyzer s internal volatile RAM as the ...

Page 311: ...plays a message box that shows the total memory available and the current memory allocation for the internal volatile RAM disk Access Keys Softkey in the color options menu Accesses the menu that allows you to customize the colors on your external monitor or to customize the greyscale on the analyzer s internal display See Using an External VGA Monitor on page 4 86 for more information Access Keys...

Page 312: ... itself or with the instrument state and current calibration Access Keys Softkey in the menu Divides current trace data by data in memory For this key to function you must first have selected to store a data trace in memory Softkey in the menu Stores the active data trace in the memory of the active measurement channel Softkey in the clock format menu Formats the real time internal clock to displa...

Page 313: ...onse errors See Chapter 6 for more information on calibrating the analyzer Softkey in the color options menu Sets the external VGA monitor colors to the Default 2 setting See Using an External VGA Monitor on page 4 86 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the define hardcopy menu Displays the menu to define which parts of the graph are to be printed or plotted trace data graticule annotation...

Page 314: ...n terms of color orientation autofeed resolution and margins See Connecting and Configuring Printers and Plotters on page 4 67 for more information Softkey in the menu when measuring transmission Use this key to recall a response calibration that was performed at the factory or during servicing Corrects for frequency response errors See Chapter 6 for more information Softkey in the menu Displays t...

Page 315: ...e limit lines in the limit line table Asks for confirmation before deletion occurs See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for more information on using limit lines Access Keys Softkey in the users setup menu Displays a dialog box for deleting all users from the access list of your analyzer See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey used for editing titles ...

Page 316: ...t See To Use Delta D Marker Mode on page 4 24 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the and menus Selects measurement type narrowband or broadband internal broadband external or aux input Softkey in the LAN port setup menu Displays the menu to set the IP address to ping and to perform ping See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the cal check...

Page 317: ...lays a table that lists all of the login user names on the access list of your analyzer See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Option 100 only Softkey available under the key and the add max point and add min point menus Used to perform fault location measurements See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement for information Softkey in the spur avoid options m...

Page 318: ...enu Initiates a calibration check See Chapter 6 for more information on using cal check Access Keys Softkey in the select copy port menu A hardware handshake for some serial devices Toggles with Access Keys Do Cal Check CAL Cal Check DTR DSR Xon Xoff HARDCOPY Select Copy Port ...

Page 319: ...he menu Adjusts the electrical delay to balance the phase of the DUT It simulates a variable length lossless transmission line which can be added to or removed from a receiver input to compensate for interconnecting cables etc This function is similar to the mechanical or analog line stretchers of other network analyzers Delay is annotated in units of time with secondary labeling in distance for t...

Page 320: ...o Perform a Transmission Calibration on page 6 12 for more information Softkey inthe title and clock menu Displays the menu to edit the screen title on line 1 of the display Maximum number of characters is 36 Access Keys Softkey in the title and clock menu Displays the menu to edit the screen title on line 2 of the display Maximum number of characters is 36 Access Keys Softkey in the LAN port setu...

Page 321: ...ignal is not present at the EXT REF IN connector the network analyzer will not sweep Default is OFF NOTE The external reference should be disconnected from the EXT REF IN or power reduced when not in use Softkey in the trigger source menu Enables the analyzer to sweep to the next frequency point when externally triggered through the EXT TRIG IN OUT rear panel connector The analyzer sweeps one poin...

Page 322: ...Disk or Internal Memory on page 4 60 for more information Option 100 only Softkey in the cable or measurement menus Sets up the analyzer to perform fault location measurements See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement for information Access Keys or or Option 100 only Softkey in the menu Used when making fault location measurements See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement for information Optio...

Page 323: ... format is specific to this family of analyzers HP 8712ET and HP 8714ET A program saved in binary format is not readable by an IBASIC computer or other instruments running IBASIC Binary format however is required if you are going to use the LOADSUB keyword See the Instrument BASIC User s Handbook Supplement for more information on saving programs Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the menu t...

Page 324: ...mation on each of these choices see its entry in this chapter Softkey in the format disk menu Formats a disk in the analyzer s built in disk drive in DOS format See Formatting a Floppy Disk on page 4 66 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the file utilities menu Displays the format disk menu to select either the internal non volatile memory internal volatile memory or 3 5 floppy disk in th...

Page 325: ...tomizing the Display on page 4 45 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the add max point and add min point menus Sets the frequency of a limit point See To Create a Single Point Limit on page 4 32 for an example of how to set a limit point Access Keys or Softkey in the menu This key is used to return the analyzer to frequency sweep mode after it has been used in power sweep mode Softkey in ...

Page 326: ...key in the FTP setup menu Displays a dialog box for entering the user name of your remote BOOTP host See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the IBASIC display menu Displays the IBASIC program on the full screen without measurement data Access Keys FTP Password SYSTEM OPTIONS LAN BOOTP Setup FTP FTP User Name SYSTEM OPTIONS LAN BOOTP Setup FTP Full...

Page 327: ... hardcopy as the graph See To Define the Output on page 4 78 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the set pen numbers menu Sets pen number assignment color for the annotation on a hardcopy Access Keys Softkey available in two different menus the more display menu and the define graph menu This softkey toggles the display graticule grid on and off When pressed in the more display menu the gr...

Page 328: ...Select grey scale when using a monochrome external monitor Access Keys Softkey in the authentication menu Allows you to enter a Group ID for your NFS remote file system The default Group ID value is 100 See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Graticule Pen HARDCOPY Define Plotter Set Pen Numbers Grey Scale DISPLAY More Display Color Options Group ID SYSTEM OP...

Page 329: ...ard copy device Access Keys Softkey in the operating parameters menu Dumps the currently viewed operating parameter screen to the currently selected hard copy device Access Keys Softkey in the update correction constants menu Displays the help message that describes the actions of the other softkeys in the update correction constants menu Access Keys Softkey in the trigger menu Stops the current d...

Page 330: ...he horizontal positioning of the display on both the internal CRT and an external monitor Accepts whole number values from 1 to 100 with 1 representing as far left as possible and with 100 representing as far right as possible The default value set at the factory and obtained by pressing Restore Defaults is 73 This setting is not affected by an instrument preset See Using an External VGA Monitor o...

Page 331: ...assigned to your analyzer See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the HP IB menu Sets actual HP IB address of the network analyzer Default HP IB address is 16 This setting is not affected by or power on Access Keys Softkey in the LAN port setup menu Allows you to enter the IP address that your network administrator assigned to your analyzer See The...

Page 332: ...ogical unit number is 7 See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the SICL LAN setup menu Allows you to enter the name for a client device that communicates with the analyzer using SICL LAN The default HP IB name is hpib See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the custom colors menu Use this key to cu...

Page 333: ...y Softkey Reference H Softkey in the display frequency resolution menu and the numeric entry menu When pressed in the display frequency resolution menu displays frequency to Hz resolution Access Keys Hz FREQ Disp Freq Resolution ...

Page 334: ...maginary reactive portion of the measured data on a Cartesian format This format is similar to the real format except that reactance data is displayed on the trace instead of impedance data Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays impedance magnitude vs frequency on a Cartesian format See Measuring Impedance Magnitude on page 3 63 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the IBASIC edit menu In...

Page 335: ...ion Access Keys Softkey in the service menu Displays the analyzer s firmware revision and date bootROM version serial number options system impedance and amount of memory Access Keys Softkey in the custom colors menu This key only affects the analyzer s internal display This key changes the brightness of the selected display item Values accepted are 0 to 100 with 0 resulting in black not visible a...

Page 336: ...c utilities menu Allows you to set the IP address of the computer or device to which you are trying to verify connectivity See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the cal check menu One of the corrected measurement uncertainties that can be viewed after performing a cal check Refer to Chapter 6 for more information on using cal check Access Keys In...

Page 337: ...ing an IBASIC program should be off See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the display frequency resolution menu and the numeric entry menu When pressed in the display frequency resolution menu displays the frequency selected in kHz resolution For example 1 234 567 MHz Hz resolution is displayed as 1 235 MHz note rounding up in kHz resolu...

Page 338: ...Guide Supplement for information Access Keys Softkey in the define printer menu Sets the printer to print hardcopy so that the paper is oriented with the longer edge at the top and the shorter edges at the sides Toggles with Access Keys Softkey in the more printer menu Sets the left margin non printing space in mm 25 4 mm 1 00 inches Minimum setting is 0 00 mm default maximum is 200 mm Access Keys...

Page 339: ...u Allows for customizing the position of the pass fail indicator and text on the analyzer s display See Customizing the Display on page 4 45 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the limit testing menu to select display add delete and edit limit lines and other limit tests See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for more information Softkey in the limit options menu Toggle to ...

Page 340: ...d not be visible toggled to ON for the limit test to be valid See Using Limit Testing on page 4 28 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the limit options menu Allows you to enable or disable the PASS or FAIL text when limit testing is on Does not enable or disable the fail icon The fail icon is enabled disabled with the Limit Icon ON off softkey See Customizing the Display on page 4 45 for ...

Page 341: ...fy kit menu Allows you to modify the following characteristics of the load calibration standard in your calibration kit delay loss and Z0 See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the update correction constants menu Loads a temporary copy of CC data from floppy disk to the analyzer s internal volatile RAM See the Service Guide for more information Access Keys S...

Page 342: ...er password pair on the access list of your analyzer See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the logarithmic magnitude of the data in dB This is the default format Softkey in the open short load and through menus Allows you to modify the loss characteristic of the open short load or through calibration standards in your calibratio...

Page 343: ...andbook Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the custom colors menu Use this key to customize the colors of display items on your external monitor Luminance specifies the brightness of the selected color Use the Hue key to select the color Luminance values are expressed as a percentage 0 to 100 with 0 resulting in black and 100 resulting in the brightest color available See Using...

Page 344: ...d max line add min line add max point and add min point menus Adds a marker to the data trace and allows it to be moved to identify trace frequencies and amplitudes Access Keys or or or Hardkey in the CONFIGURE area Displays the menu to set markers use marker search and delta markers See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more information Softkey in the marker functions menu Changes the center frequenc...

Page 345: ...Keys Softkey in the marker functions menu Makes the reference level of the graticule equal to the marker value does not change the reference position If markers are off it first turns on marker 1 at its previous setting or the center frequency default Access Keys Softkey in the menu Invokes the menu to select delta marker mode marker to center marker to reference marker to electrical delay and mar...

Page 346: ...he transmission measurement Hardkey in the MEAS area Turns on measurement channel 2 as the active channel Default is measurement channel off selecting it changes the setting to the most recent type of measurement made on this channel or if not previously used to the transmission measurement Softkey in the annotation options menu Allows you to toggle the measurement channel annotation at the top of...

Page 347: ...u Displays the trace memory of the active measurement channel using the current display format scale and reference NOTE Trace data must have been saved in memory previously with Softkey in the set pen numbers menu Sets the pen number assignment color for memory trace 1 on the hardcopy Access Keys Softkey in the set pen numbers menu Sets the pen number assignment color for memory trace 2 on the har...

Page 348: ...um amplitude If tracking is off the marker remains at that frequency If tracking is on the marker moves to the minimum point with each sweep See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the menu with selections suitable for mixer and frequency converter measurements conversion loss and reflection See Measuring Conversion Loss on page 3 45 for an examp...

Page 349: ...define graph menu When on default setting prints or plots contain marker symbols NOTE or must be selected for marker symbols to print or plot Access Keys Softkey in the define hardcopy menu Defines the hardcopy output as a table of marker values frequency and amplitude Access Keys Softkey in the max search menu Places the active marker at the frequency point of maximum amplitude If tracking is off...

Page 350: ...formation Access Keys Softkey in the configure VOL_RAM disk menu Allows you to modify the memory allocation on the internal non volatile RAM disk Access Keys Softkey in the modify kit menu Accesses a menu with softkey choices to save recall preset and describe user defined calibration kits See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the define printer and define p...

Page 351: ...o 8 markers on consecutive minimum points See To Use Marker Search Functions on page 4 6 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the marker search more menu Designed for use when measuring multi pole filters Automatically searches the measurement trace from left to right and positions up to 8 markers on consecutive maximum points See To Use Marker Search Functions on page 4 6 for more informat...

Page 352: ...P and local routing table at the moment that it is enabled like a snapshot See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the min search menu Moves the active marker to the next nearest minimum point to the left See To Use Marker Search Functions on page 4 6 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the min search menu Moves the active marker to the nex...

Page 353: ...Keys Softkey in the LAN menu Displays the NFS setup menu which allows you to enter setup information for mounting NFS devices See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the NFS setup menu Displays a table listing the currently mounted NFS devices See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the select disk ...

Page 354: ...he marker search menu Automatically calculates 6 dB default or other user specified bandwidth center frequency and Q of a notch filter See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Allows selection of the number of measurement points in a sweep 3 5 11 21 51 101 201 default 401 801 or 1601 As the number of points increases frequency resolution increases and swee...

Page 355: ...not designated the analyzer will broadcast a BOOTP request at boot time and will accept a response from any BOOTP server If you don t want to designate an optional boot host enter a null or empty string by selecting See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the BOOTP setup menu Allows you to set the file path to the only boot file you want to receive...

Page 356: ...connections between devices and a network See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the secure menu Use with caution secured program lines can t be listed seen or edited See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays a Cartesian format of the phase portion of the data measured in d...

Page 357: ...ate for phase shift due to an extended measurement reference plane See in Chapter 5 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the define printer menu Sets printer to print hardcopy so that paper is oriented with shorter edge at top and longer edges at sides Portrait is the default setting and toggles with Landscape Access Keys Softkey in the amplifier and measurement menus suitable for power mea...

Page 358: ...n for a complete list of factory preset state default parameters See later in this chapter for an explanation of a user defined preset state can also be used in the event that your analyzer system locks up or you receive an Unrecoverable error If this should happen cycle the power on the analyzer and press the key several times while the analyzer is booting up The key must be pressed at least twic...

Page 359: ...yzer uses to communicate with the device The actual address of the device must be set independently to match See Connecting and Configuring Printers and Plotters on page 4 67 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the more printer menu Sets printer resolution in terms of dots per inch Check the printer manual for the appropriate setting Default is 96 dots per inch See Connecting and Configuri...

Page 360: ...ressed Be sure to terminate your entry with one of the softkeys or the key For instruments with an attenuator Option 1E1 installed softkey in the menu Leads to the power sweep ranges menu There are seven predetermined power ranges to choose from See the entry in this chapter for more information on the power sweep function Pwr Level at Preset POWER Factory Preset ENTER Pwr Sweep Range Power Sweep ...

Page 361: ...nd save it to memory or disk See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the character entry menu to re title the file and save it to internal RAM or 3 5 disk Also can be used when saving a file for the first time if you wish to give the file a specific name rather than having the analyzer automatically name it Softkey in the...

Page 362: ... from the top of the graticule 10 to the bottom 0 or in between Default position is middle 5 See Figure 2 3 Reference Positions on page 2 3 Softkey in the menu Allows you to track either a certain frequency or the peak point of the measurement trace by scaling the trace such that the point of interest always falls on the display reference line See Using Reference Tracking on page 4 42 for more inf...

Page 363: ...eys Softkey in the automount setup menu and the mount NFS device menu Displays a dialog box for entering the remote host name or host IP address for an NFS device Access Keys or This softkey also appears in the automount dev table menu and the NFS device table menu Displays an expanded version of the remote file system information found in the automount device table and the NFS device table Access...

Page 364: ...vice table which lists the currently automounted NFS devices Highlight the device you want to remove from the table and press the softkey which corresponds to that device See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the directory utilities menu Allows you to delete empty directories only Highlight the intended directory then press this softkey See To Us...

Page 365: ...n Corrects for frequency response errors See Chapter 6 for more information Softkey in the menu when measuring transmission Select this key to perform a user defined response isolation calibration Restores a previous response isolation calibration if current analyzer parameters are compatible with those used during the previous calibration Corrects for frequency response and isolation errors Isola...

Page 366: ...ICL LAN setup menu it resets the socket port number or the HP IB device address HP IB logical unit number and HP IB name respectively to predetermined values See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Softkey in the cal check menu Returns to the measurement mode after viewing measurement uncertainties with View Cal Check This key also autoscales the display Refer to Chapter...

Page 367: ...f seconds to the nearest minute Rounds down with less than 30 seconds rounds up to next minute with more than 30 seconds Access Keys Softkey in the IBASIC menu that starts a program See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook Supplement for more information Access Keys RF ON off POWER Round Seconds SYSTEM OPTIONS System Config Set Clock Run SYSTEM OPTIONS IBASIC ...

Page 368: ...e See Saving and Recalling Measurement Results on page 4 55 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the programs menu Titles the current program AUTOST and saves it to internal RAM or a 3 5 disk as set by At power up the network analyzer searches the internal non volatile RAM disk and the floppy disk in the analyzer s built in disk drive for an AUTOST auto start file loads it and executes it i...

Page 369: ...ement Results on page 4 55 for more information Softkey in the menu Saves information to internal RAM or 3 5 disk automatically naming the file STATE See Saving and Recalling Measurement Results on page 4 55 for more information Hardkey in the CONFIGURE area of the front panel Allows changing of scale per division reference level and reference position for optimum viewing of measurements Also acce...

Page 370: ...in marker search more menu Disables marker search See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more information on using marker search functions Access Keys Softkey in the target search menu During a target search moves the active marker to the right higher frequency to the first occurrence on the data trace where the amplitude equals the target value That first occurrence may be an actual data point or an i...

Page 371: ...IC program Access Keys or Softkey in the menu Displays the menu to select the hardcopy output device and its operating parameters Default settings not affected by preset are HP printer PCL language parallel port Use the front panel knob or arrow keys to highlight the device then press Select NOTE Baud Rate Xon Xoff and DTR DSR apply only to serial devices See Connecting and Configuring Printers an...

Page 372: ... of service functions See the Service Guide for details Access Keys Softkey in the system configure menu Displays the menu to set the real time internal clock of the network analyzer and its format Access Keys Softkey in the set clock menu Sets the day of the month Access Keys Softkey in the set clock menu Sets the hour value on the clock Access Keys Softkey in the set clock menu Sets the minute v...

Page 373: ...Access Keys Softkey in the reference tracking menu Allows you to identify a particular frequency as a point of interest After the frequency point is set and frequency tracking is turned on by pressing the analyzer will always place the frequency point of interest on the display reference line See Using Reference Tracking on page 4 42 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the set clock menu S...

Page 374: ...until retriggered by pressing again or Access Keys Softkey in the format menu A reflection measurement display format that maps the complex reflection coefficient rho to the DUT s impedance See Measuring Impedance using the Smith Chart on page 3 57 for more information Sets the characteristic impedance used by the analyzer in calculating measured impedance with Smith chart markers and conversion p...

Page 375: ...er performing a cal check Refer to Chapter 6 for more information on using cal check Access Keys Softkey in the character entry menu Adds a blank space to a title or filename Softkey in the menu Used in conjunction with Selects the frequency span of the source When selected it changes the frequency annotation from start stop to center span See Entering Measurement Parameters on page 2 4 for more i...

Page 376: ...us Selects the structural return loss SRL measurement See your Option 100 User s Guide Supplement for information Access Keys or or Softkey in the utilities menu Allows you to set the number of bytes in the stack size by using the analyzer s numeric keypad Access Keys Softkey in two menus and 1 In menu sets the start frequency of the source Minimum frequency is 300 kHz When start is selected the o...

Page 377: ...mation Access Keys Softkey in the IBASIC menu When a program is ready to run this softkey allows you to step through the program one line at a time A good de bugging tool See the HP Instrument BASIC User s Handbook Supplement for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Toggle to ON to allow the analyzer to sweep in steps When toggled OFF the analyzer sweeps continuously A stepped sweep al...

Page 378: ...n Access Keys Softkey in the LAN port setup menu Allows you to enter the numbers that your network administrator assigned to your analyzer If you were not assigned a subnet mask leave the setting at 0 0 0 0 default value to disable subnet masking See The LAN Interface User s Guide Supplement for more information Access Keys Hardkey in the SOURCE area of the front panel Displays the menu to select ...

Page 379: ...ort test set Refer to the multiport test set User s and Service Guide for more information Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the data formatted as SWR standing wave ratio Softkey in the CRT adjust menu Toggle to ON for use with a sync on green external monitor The default setting is toggled to OFF Access Keys Softkey in the menu Displays the menu to set the bandwidth of the IF filters in th...

Page 380: ...u Makes the network analyzer the system controller of the HP instrument bus Required mode for interfacing with HP IB peripherals printers plotters and disk drives Also required by IBASIC to talk to HP IB peripherals This operation mode is not selectable with another active controller on the bus See the Programmer s Guide for more information Access Keys Hardkey in the SYSTEM area of front panel So...

Page 381: ...ult value is 3 dB NOTE Since markers are continuous but frequency points are discrete target values may be interpolated See Using Markers on page 4 3 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the service menu Displays the menu to perform tests including self tests and adjustments See the Service Guide for information on tests and adjustments Access Keys Softkey in the BOOTP setup menu Selects TF...

Page 382: ...itle if any and date time on the display and or on a hardcopy output Access Keys or Softkey in the more display menu Displays the menu to display and edit the screen title and display clock Access Keys Softkey in the more printer menu Sets the top margin of the printout non printing space in mm Minimum setting is 0 00 mm default maximum setting is 200 00 mm Access Keys Softkey in the save ASCII me...

Page 383: ...lots measurement trace data when or is selected Access Keys Softkey in the reference tracking menu Displays the measurement trace which is rescaled with each sweep so that the selected frequency set with the key is placed on the reference line See Using Reference Tracking on page 4 42 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the reference tracking menu Displays the measurement trace which is re...

Page 384: ...See Measuring Transmission Response on page 3 15 for more information Access Keys or Also or or or Option 100 only Softkey in the cal check menu One of the corrected measurement uncertainties that can be viewed after performing a cal check Refer to Chapter 6 for more information on using cal check Access Keys Softkey in the source Displays the menu with choices for triggering the analyzer The anal...

Page 385: ...r example the default cal kit for the analyzer is type N female because the front panel RF ports are female the calibration standards in turn have male connectors Softkey in the cal kit menu Selects the type of cal kit as type N f Also known as the default cal kit See the Note in the description above See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the cal kit menu Se...

Page 386: ... half of the screen and measurement data on the lower half Access Keys Softkey in the menu See The User BEGIN Function on page 3 14 for more information Softkeys in the more cal kits menu Assigns any of User Cal Kits A J to the selected port in the cal kit table viewable with and See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the authentication menu Allows you to ent...

Page 387: ...e damaged if subjected to the source conditions power and frequency of the factory preset Reminder the key allows you to modify the factory preset setting for power Softkey in the system config menu Allows you to choose how the USER TTL IN OUT rear panel connector will be utilized See Measurement Setup and Control with Fast Recall in the Automating Measurements User s Guide Supplement for more inf...

Page 388: ... setting is 31 84 µsec This setting is not affected by an instrument preset See Using an External VGA Monitor on page 4 86 for more information Access Keys Softkey in the more CRT adjust menu This is the CRT timing adjustment for use with external monitors Also affects the network analyzer s internal CRT Default setting is 16 68416 msec This setting is not affected by an instrument preset See Usin...

Page 389: ...e cal check menu After a cal check has been performed this key will allow you to display the corrected measurement uncertainties that apply to the current instrument settings and calibrations See Chapter 6 for more information on using cal check Access Keys Softkey in the select disk menu Selects the analyzer s internal volatile RAM as the place where information will be saved to or recalled from ...

Page 390: ...oftkey in the system bandwidth menu This is the widest system bandwidth available Medium wide bandwidth is the system default See Chapter 5 for information on how system bandwidth can affect your measurements Access Keys Wide 6500 Hz AVG System Bandwidth ...

Page 391: ...l Access Keys or Softkey in the broadband external menu Selects the measurement of the ratio of the external detectors at inputs X and Y Access Keys or Softkey in the select copy port menu A software handshake for some serial devices Toggles with DTR DSR Access Keys X MEAS 1 MEAS 2 Detection Options Broadband External X Y MEAS 1 MEAS 2 Detection Options More Broadband External Xon Xoff HARDCOPY Se...

Page 392: ...lue exceeds four characters all values are blanked For example 23 45 blanks the values it is not truncated as 23 4 or rounded up as 23 5 Similarly 1 23 blanks the graticule values Access Keys Softkey in the more display menu Toggles the graticule value annotation and values in ABS mode default setting the absolute value of each horizontal graticule line is indicated in REL mode the value of each h...

Page 393: ...rnal menu Selects the measurement of the ratio of the external detectors at inputs Y and X Access Keys or Softkey in the clock format menu Formats the real time internal clock to display time as Year Month Day Hour Minute YYYY MM DD HH MM Access Keys Y R MEAS 1 MEAS 2 Detection Options More Broadband External Y X MEAS 1 MEAS 2 Broadband External YYYY MM DD HH MM SYSTEM OPTIONS System Config Set Cl...

Page 394: ... and through menus Allows you to modify the Z0 characteristic of the open short load or through calibration standards in your calibration kit See Calibration Kits on page 6 16 for more information Access Keys or or or Z0 CAL More Cal Cal Kit Modify connector type Open Short Load Thru ...

Page 395: ...ET User s Guide 9 1 9 Specifications ...

Page 396: ...cludes the same guardbands as a specification Typical typ Expected performance of an average unit which does not include guardbands It is not covered by the product warranty Nominal nom A general descriptive term that does not imply a level of performance It is not covered by the product warranty Calibration The process of measuring known standards from a calibration kit to characterize the system...

Page 397: ...ET User s Guide 9 3 Specifications System Performance ...

Page 398: ... C with less than 1 C deviation from the calibration temperature HP 8712ET 8714ET 50 Ω with Attenuator Option 1E1a HP 85032B E Type N 50 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Description Specificationb in dB 300 kHz to 1 3 GHz 1 3 GHz to 3 GHz Directivity 50 47 Source Match Reflection One Port Cal 42 36 Transmission Enhanced Response Cal 42 36 Transmission Response Cal 21 15 Load Match 18 15 Reflection Tracki...

Page 399: ...ture of 25 5 C with less than 1 C deviation from the calibration temperature c For transmission measurements the effect of crosstalk is disregarded and S12 S21 for S21 1 0 S12 1 S21 for S21 1 0 HP 8712ET 8714ET 50 Ω with Attenuator Option 1E1a HP 85032B E Type N 50 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Transmission Uncertainty Enhanced Response Calibration Specification b c Transmission Uncertainty Response C...

Page 400: ...iation from the calibration tempera ture HP 8712ET 8714ET 50 Ω without Attenuator HP 85032B E Type N 50 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Description Specificationa in dB 300 kHz to 1 3 GHz 1 3 GHz to 3 GHz Directivity 50 47 Source Match Reflection One Port Cal 42 36 Transmission Enhanced Response Cal 42 36 Transmission Response Cal 23 19 Load Match 18 15 Reflection Tracking 0 02 0 02 Transmission Trackin...

Page 401: ...n 1 C deviation from the calibration temperature b For transmission measurements the effect of crosstalk is disregarded and S12 S21 for S21 1 0 S12 1 S21 for S21 1 0 HP 8712ET 8714ET 50 Ω without Attenuator HP 85032B E Type N 50 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Transmission Uncertainty Enhanced Response Calibration Specification a b Transmission Uncertainty Response Calibration Specification a b Reflecti...

Page 402: ... with less than 1 C deviation from the calibration temperature HP 8712ET 8714ET 75 Ω with Attenuator Option 1E1a HP 85036B E Type N 75 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Description Specificationb in dB 300 kHz to 1 3 GHz 1 3 GHz to 3 GHz Directivity 48 43 Source Match Reflection One Port Cal 41 35 Transmission Enhanced Response Cal 41 35 Transmission Response Cal 21 15 Load Match 18 15 Reflection Tracking...

Page 403: ...ture of 25 5 C with less than 1 C deviation from the calibration temperature c For transmission measurements the effect of crosstalk is disregarded and S12 S21 for S21 1 0 S12 1 S21 for S21 1 0 HP 8712ET 8714ET 75 Ω with Attenuator Option 1E1a HP 85036B E Type N 75 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Transmission Uncertainty Enhanced Response Calibration Specification b c Transmission Uncertainty Response C...

Page 404: ...eviation from the calibration temperature HP 8712ET 8714ET 75 Ω without Attenuator HP 85036B E Type N 75 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Description Specificationa in dB 300 kHz to 1 3 GHz 1 3 GHz to 3 GHz Directivity 48 43 Source Match Reflection One Port Cal 41 35 Transmission Enhanced Response Cal 41 35 Transmission Response Cal 23 19 Load Match 18 15 Reflection Tracking 0 021 0 02 Transmission Track...

Page 405: ...n 1 C deviation from the calibration temperature b For transmission measurements the effect of crosstalk is disregarded and S12 S21 for S21 1 0 S12 1 S21 for S21 1 0 HP 8712ET 8714ET 75 Ω without Attenuator HP 85036B E Type N 75 Ω Cal Kit T R Calibration Transmission Uncertainty Enhanced Response Calibration Specification a b Transmission Uncertainty Response Calibration Specification a b Reflecti...

Page 406: ... f Measured by setting output power to the maximum specified setting connecting shorts to both ports and measuring transmission Typical and specified crosstalk values are 5 dB worse than those shown in the table below 1 MHz for all models and above 2 2 GHz for 8714ET ES models HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES 50 Ω Description HP 8712ES 8714ES HP 8712ET 8714ET with Attenuator Option 1E1a HP 8712ET 871...

Page 407: ... f Measured by setting output power to the maximum specified setting connecting shorts to both ports and measuring transmission Typical and specified crosstalk values are 5 dB worse than those shown in the table below 1 MHz for all models and above 2 2 GHz for 8714ET ES models HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES 75 Ω Description HP 8712ES 8714ES HP 8712ET 8714ET with Attenuator Option 1E1a HP 8712ET 871...

Page 408: ... C 1Hz at 10 change in line voltage typ Signal Purity Harmonics HP 8712ET ES 20 dBc at 1 MHz 30 dBc at 1 MHz HP 8714ET ES 30 dBc Nonharmonic Spurious HP 8712ET ES 50 kHz from carrier 25 dBc char HP 8712ET ES 50 kHz from carrier 20 dBc at 1MHz char 30 dBc at 1MHz char HP 8714ET ES 50 kHz from carrier 25 dBc char HP 8714ET ES 50 kHz from carrier 30 dBc char Phase Noise at 10 kHz offset HP 8712ET ES ...

Page 409: ... 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 2 0 dB Without Attenuator Option 1E1 1 0 dB 75 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 3 0 dB Without Attenuator Option 1E1 1 5 dB HP 8712ES 50 Ω 2 0 dB 75 Ω 3 0 dB HP 8714ET 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 2 0 dB Without Attenuator Option 1E1 1 0 dB 75 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 3 0 dB at 2 GHz 3 0 dB at 2 GHz char Without Attenuator Option 1E1 1 5 dB at 2 GHz 1 5 dB a...

Page 410: ...Minimum Power Setting HP 8712ET 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 60 dBm nom Without Attenuator Option 1E1 0 dBm nom 75 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 60 dBm nom Without Attenuator Option 1E1 3 dBm nom HP 8712ES 50 Ω 60 dBm nom 75 Ω 60 dBm nom HP 8714ET 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 60 dBm nom Without Attenuator Option 1E1 5 dBm nom 75 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 60 dBm nom Without Attenuator O...

Page 411: ...Hz 1 GHz Maximum Power Setting a HP 8712ET 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1b 15 dBm 12 dBm Without Attenuator Option 1E1 16 dBm 13 dBm 75 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1b 12 dBm 9 dBm Without Attenuator Option 1E1 13 dBm 10 dBm HP 8712ES 50 Ω 13 dBm 10 dBm 75 Ω 10 dBm 7 dBm HP 8714ET 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1b 10 dBm 9 dBm Without Attenuator Option 1E1 11 dBm 10 dBm 75 Ω With Attenuator Option 1...

Page 412: ...nuator Option 1E1a 4 to Pmaxb 14 to 1 24 to 11 34 to 21 44 to 31 54 to 41 60 to 51 Without Attenuator Option 1E1 3 to Pmaxb HP 8712ES 50 Ω 3 to Pmaxb 13 to 0 23 to 10 33 to 20 43 to 30 53 to 40 60 to 50 75 Ω 6 to Pmaxb 16 to 3 26 to 13 36 to 23 46 to 33 56 to 43 60 to 53 HP 8714ET 50 Ω With Attenuator Option 1E1a 6 to Pmaxb 16 to 1 26 to 11 36 to 21 46 to 31 56 to 41 60 to 51 Without Attenuator Op...

Page 413: ...nformation Output Power continued Power Resolution 0 01 dB Attenuator Switch Points HP 8712ET 50 Ω 1 11 21 31 41 51 dBm nom 75 Ω 4 14 24 34 44 54 dBm nom HP 8712ES 50 Ω 3 13 23 33 43 53 dBm nom 75 Ω 6 16 26 36 46 56 dBm nom HP 8714ET 50 Ω 6 16 26 36 46 56 dBm nom 75 Ω 9 19 29 39 49 59 dBm nom HP 8714ES 50 Ω 8 18 28 38 48 58 dBm nom 75 Ω 11 21 31 41 51 dBm nom ...

Page 414: ...GHz HP 8714ET ES Narrowband 300 kHz to 3 0 GHz Broadband 10 MHz to 3 0 GHz Maximum Input Level HP 8712ET 8714ET 10 dBm at 0 5 dB compression HP 8712ES and HP 8714ES Narrowband Frequency 1 MHz 10 dBm at 0 3 dB compression Narrowband Frequency 1 MHz 10 dBm at 0 5 dB compression Broadband 16 dBm at 0 55 dB compression Damage Level HP 8712ET 8714ET 20 dBm 30 VDC HP 8712ES 8714ES 26 dBm 30 VDC Broadban...

Page 415: ...en performed using an average factor of 16 For the HP 8712ES 8714ES external broadband detectors will provide a lower noise floor than the internal broadband detectors HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Description Spec in dBm Typical in dBm System Bandwidths Fine 15 Hz Fine 15 Hz Med Wide 4000 Hz Wide 6500 Hz Noise Floora HP 8712ET 8714ET 50 Ω Narrowband 105 111 86 48 Broadband Interna...

Page 416: ...aracteristic For the HP 8712ES 8714ES external broadband detectors will provide more dynamic range than the internal broadband detec tors b Option 1E1 adds a 60 dB step attenuator to the HP 8712ET 8714ET HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Description Spec in dB Typical in dB System Bandwidths Fine 15 Hz Fine 15 Hz Med Wide 4000 Hz Wide 6500 Hz System Dynamic Rangea HP 8712ET 50 Ω With A...

Page 417: ...eristic For the HP 8712ES 8714ES external broadband detec tors will provide more dynamic range than the internal broadband detectors b Option 1E1 adds a 60 dB step attenuator to the HP 8712ET 8714ET HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Description Spec in dB Typical in dB System Bandwidths Fine 15 Hz Fine 15 Hz Med Wide 4000 Hz Wide 6500 Hz System Dynamic Range a continued HP 8714ET 50 Ω ...

Page 418: ...ncies 2 GHz it is a characteristic For the HP 8712ES 8714ES external broadband detectors will provide more dynamic range than the internal broadband detectors HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Description Spec in dB Typical in dB System Bandwidths Fine 15 Hz Fine 15 Hz Med Wide 4000 Hz Wide 6500 Hz Receiver Dynamic Rangea HP 8712ET 8714ET 50 Ω Narrowband 115 121 96 58 Broadband Interna...

Page 419: ...rt Input Description Spec Typical System Bandwidths Narrow 250 Hz Narrow 250 Hz Med Wide 4000 Hz Wide 6500 Hz Trace Noisea HP 8712ET 8712ES Narrowband Magnitude 0 01 dB rms 0 03 dB pp 0 12 dB pp 0 28 dB pp Phase 0 2 Deg pp 2 5 Deg pp 3 4 Deg pp Broadband Magnitude 0 01 dB rms 0 01 dB pp 0 02 dB pp 0 15 dB pp HP 8714ET 8714ES Narrowband Magnitude 0 01 dB rms 0 02 dB pp 0 06 dB pp 0 23 dB pp Phase 0...

Page 420: ...ns Table 9 6 Test Port Input continued a Narrowband detection mode b The reference power for dynamic accuracy is 20 dBm HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Dynamic Accuracy Specification a b HP 8712ET 8714ET HP 8712ES 8714ES ...

Page 421: ...cifications Table 9 6 Test Port Input continued a At 30 MHz broadband mode internal detectors HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Power Accuracy Characteristic HP 8712ET 8714ETa Magnitude HP 8712ES 8714ESa Magnitude ...

Page 422: ...Input continued a Valid for HP 85032B E type N 50 Ω and HP 85036B E type N 75 Ω cal kits using either a two port or enhanced response calibration HP 8712ET ES and HP 8714ET ES Test Port Input Group Delay Accuracya Characteristic HP 8712ET ES and HP8714ET ES ...

Page 423: ...tude 0 01 dB div min Phase 0 1 div min Polar 10 µUnit Full Scale min Reference Level Range Magnitude 500 dB max Phase 360 max Reference Level Resolution Magnitude 0 01 dB min Phase 0 01 min Marker Resolution Magnitude 0 001 dB min Phase 0 01 min Polar 0 01 µUnit min 0 01 min Group Delay Aperture Minimum 20 of frequency span Maximum frequency span of points 1 Group Delay Range 1 2 x minimum apertur...

Page 424: ... BNC Impedance 10 kΩ nom Range 10 V Accuracy 3 reading 20 mV Damage Level 15 V 15 V External Trigger In Out Female BNC Open collector with 681 Ω nom pullup resistor to 5 V nom Normally high pulsed low after each data point is measured Damage Level 0 2 V 5 2 V Limit Test Output Female BNC Open collector with 681 Ω nom pullup resistor to 5 V nom Normally high pulled low when limit test fails Damage ...

Page 425: ...PIB Type 57 24 pin Microribbon female X and Y External Detector Inputs 12 pin circular female Parallel Port 25 pin D Sub DB 25 female LAN 8 pin RJ45 female RS232 9 pin D Sub DB 9 male Mini DIN Keyboard Barcode Reader 6 pin mini DIN PS 2 female Line Powera Frequency 47 Hz to 63 Hz Voltage at 115 V setting 90 V to 132 V 115 V nom Voltage at 220 V setting 198 V to 264 VAC 230 V nom Power 300 VA max 2...

Page 426: ... HP part number 9300 0797 Dust Minimize for optimum reliability Operating Environment Temperature 0 C to 55 C Humidity 5 to 95 at 40 C Altitude 0 to 4 5 km 15 000 ft Storage Conditions Temperature 40 C to 70 C Humidity 0 to 95 RH at 65 C noncondensing Altitude 0 to 15 24 km 50 000 ft Cabinet Dimensions Height Width Depth 179 425 514 mm nom 7 0 16 75 20 25 in nom Cabinet dimensions exclude front an...

Page 427: ...100 MHz 0 38 s 1 Port 1 4000 1601 100 MHz 0 73 s 1 6 s 0 16 s 2 5 s 1 Port 1 3700 201 100 MHz 0 16 s 1 Port 1 3700 201 2 GHz 0 22 s 1 Port 1 1200 201 100 MHz 0 33 s 1 Port 1 1200 201 2 GHz 0 40 s 1 Port 1 250 201 100 MHz 1 5 s 1 Port 1 250 201 2 GHz 1 6 s 1 Port 1 15 201 100 MHz 12 3 s 1 Port 1 15 201 2 GHz 12 3 s 1 Port 2 4000 51 100 MHz 56 ms 0 63 s 58 ms 0 84 s 1 Port 2 4000 201 100 MHz 0 12 s ...

Page 428: ...e system state and calibration data e Data Transfer is performed using an HP S700 workstation The HP IB port is used to transfer corrected 64 bit floating point numbers real and imaginary f A Measurement Cycle is defined as the time required for an HP S700 workstation to con trol the analyzer to 1 recall the state and calibration analyzer is now in sweep hold mode 2 sweep using the INIT1 OPC comma...

Page 429: ...rlaid one graticule screen Measurement Choices Narrowband ET models reflection A R transmission B R A B R ES models S11 A R S22 B R S21 B R S12 A R A B R Broadband X Y Y X X Y Y R power B R conversion loss B R NOTE X and Y denote external broadband detector inputs denotes internal broadband detectors Formats rectilinear log or linear magnitude SWR phase group delay real and imaginary Smith chart a...

Page 430: ...ch measurement channel has eight markers Markers are coupled between channels Any one of eight markers can be the reference marker for delta marker operation Annotation for up to four markers can be displayed at one time Marker Functions Markers can be used in absolute or delta modes Other marker functions include mkr center mkr reference mkr electrical delay searches tracking and statistics Marke...

Page 431: ...cluding Touchstone s2p format and screen graphics can be saved as PCX bit mapped HP GL vector or PCL5 printer files Network File System NFS Remote files and directories such as those stored on a computer can behave like local files and directories stored within the analyzer through the use of NFS and the LAN interface This allows test data from the analyzer to be saved directly to a remote directo...

Page 432: ... bootp and NFS The LAN interface is a standard feature SCPI The analyzer can be controlled by sending Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI commands within a telnet session or via a socket connection and TCP IP the default socket port is 5025 The analyzer s socket applications programming interface API is compatible with Berkeley sockets Winsock and other standard socket APIs Socket ...

Page 433: ...r analyzer over the LAN using a variety of computing platforms I O interfaces and operating systems With SICL LAN a remote analyzer can be controlled over the LAN with the same methods used for a local analyzer connected directly to the controller with HP IB SICL LAN can also be used with Windows 95 98 NT or HP UX Bootp Bootstrap protocol bootp allows a network analyzer to automatically configure ...

Page 434: ...IB serial or parallel interfaces Measurement Calibration Measurement calibration significantly reduces measurement uncertainty due to errors caused by system directivity source match load match frequency response and crosstalk The analyzer features factory installed default calibrations that use vector error correction so that measurements can be made on many devices without performing a user cali...

Page 435: ...source match and directivity errors while making S parameter measurements of transmission S21 S12 and reflection S11 S22 Compensates for crosstalk when the softkey is toggled ON Requires open short load and through standards ET and ES models transmission measurements Normalization Simultaneous magnitude and phase correction of frequency response errors Requires a through connection Used for both n...

Page 436: ...5036B Eb 7 mm APC 7 HP 85031B 7 16 HP 85038Ac Fd Me In addition you can also describe the standards for a user defined kit for example open circuit capacitance coefficients offset short length or through standard loss For more information about calibration kits available from Hewlett Packard consult the RF Economy Network Analyzers Configuration Guide HP literature number 5967 6315E a Option 001 d...

Page 437: ...r measuring periodic reflections of small magnitude These periodic reflections can occur from physical damage to the cable caused by rough handling or from minor imperfections imparted during the manufacturing process Structural return loss problems occur when these periodic reflections sum at half wavelength intervals causing high signal reflection and low transmission at the corresponding freque...

Page 438: ...sets Provides a complete solution for testing 75 ohm multiport devices like CATV distribution amplifiers or multi taps Test sets can be configured with six or twelve test ports for more information please consult the product brochure HP literature number 5968 4766E Switching test sets Switching test sets enhance productivity by allowing multiple measurements with a single connection to the device ...

Page 439: ...o charge within HP service travel areas Outside HP service travel areas warranty service will be performed at Buyer s facility only upon HP s prior agreement and Buyer shall pay HP s round trip travel expenses In all other areas products must be returned to a service facility designated by HP If the product is to be returned to Hewlett Packard for service or repair it must be returned to a service...

Page 440: ...specifications for the product or improper site preparation or maintenance NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED HEWLETT PACKARD SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Exclusive Remedies THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES HEWLETT PACKARD SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTA...

Page 441: ...User s Guide 9 47 Specifications Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Offices If you should need technical assistance contact the nearest Hewlett Packard sales or service office See Table 9 8 on the next page ...

Page 442: ...18 9696622 INTERCON FIELD OPERATIONS Headquarters Hewlett Packard Company 3495 Deer Creek Rd Palo Alto CA 94304 1316 USA 415 857 5027 Japan Hewlett Packard Japan Ltd Measurement Assistance Center 9 1 Takakura Cho Hachioj Shi Tokyo 192 8510 Japan TEL 81 426 56 7832 FAX 81 426 56 7840 Australia Hewlett Packard Australia Ltd 31 41 Joseph Street Blackburn Victoria 3130 61 3 895 2895 Singapore Hewlett ...

Page 443: ...ET User s Guide 10 1 10 Safety and Regulatory Information ...

Page 444: ...Guide Safety and Regulatory Information Safety and Regulatory Information Safety and Regulatory Information This chapter contains required safety and regulatory information that is not included elsewhere in the manual ...

Page 445: ...ts inside Refer servicing to qualified personnel To prevent electrical shock do not remove covers WARNING If this product is not used as specified the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired This instrument must be used in a normal condition in which all means for protection are intact only WARNING For continued protection against fire hazard replace line fuse only with same type an...

Page 446: ...s cord may cause product damage Statement of Compliance This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 1010 Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus and has been supplied in a safe condition The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a sa...

Page 447: ...s a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product The ON symbol is used to mark the position of the analyzer s line power switch The STANDBY symbol is used to mark the position of the analyzer s power switch The AC symbol is used to indicate the required nature of the line module input power The C Tick ma...

Page 448: ...latory Information Regulatory Information Regulatory Information Notice for Germany Noise Declaration LpA 70 dB am Arbeitsplatz operator position normaler Betrieb normal position nach DIN 45635 T 19 per ISO 7779 Declaration of Conformity ...

Page 449: ...ET User s Guide 10 7 Safety and Regulatory Information Regulatory Information ...

Page 450: ...10 8 ET User s Guide Safety and Regulatory Information Regulatory Information ...

Page 451: ...ET User s Guide 11 1 11 Factory Preset State and Memory Allocation ...

Page 452: ...the network analyzer is preset with the and keys or with the SCPI command SYST PRESET it sets itself to the pre defined conditions shown below NOTE The HP IB command RST is not the same as SYST PRESET BEGIN Key Settings MEAS Key Settings PRESET Factory Preset key device None On Off On Measurement Transmission On Off Off Measurement Transmission BEGIN MEAS 1 MEAS 2 ...

Page 453: ...tory default is 0 dBm Start frequency 0 3 MHz Stop frequency 1 1300 MHz Stop frequency 2 3000 MHz Low pass Band pass3 Low pass Band pass max span1 3 1299 700 MHz Band pass max span2 3 2999 700 MHz Frequency resolution kHz Sweep type Frequency Alternate sweep Off Sweep time Auto fastest possible Power level preset power level 4 RF power On Power sweep start power 0 0 dBm Power sweep stop power 1 0 ...

Page 454: ...eset and Peripheral States SOURCE Key Settings continued 1 Analyzers with Option 100 only Trigger source Internal Trigger mode Continuous Number of points 201 Start distance 1 0 00 ft 0 00 m Stop distance1 100 00 ft 30 48 m External reference Off Spur avoid options None MENU ...

Page 455: ...cking Off Electrical delay 0 seconds Phase offset 0 degrees Full split display Full Display trace Data Graticule On Measurement channel annotation On Frequency annotation On Marker annotation On Marker numbers On Y axis label state On Y axis label mode Absolute Title Clock Off Clock title line Clock on line 2 Title line 1 Blank Title line 2 Blank Limit lines On Limit pass fail text On SCALE DISPLA...

Page 456: ... pass fail indicator X position 80 Limit pass fail indicator Y position 60 Marker limits Off Limit test Off Previously set limits Deleted Active calibration Last active cal if valid otherwise default cal Detector zero Autozero Cal kit Type N female System Z0 50 ohms 1 Velocity factor 2 1 0 speed of light Smith chart Z0 50 ohms1 Port extensions Off Refl port extensions 0 s Trans port extensions 0 s...

Page 457: ...ers with Option 100 only Notch search level 6 Target search level 3 Tracking Off Format type Log mag Averaging Off Average factor 16 System bandwidth Medium Wide Fault Window 1 Medium Delay Aperture 0 5 minimum Define save Instrument state On Cal Off Data Off See Peripheral State Beeper volume 90 IBASIC display None FORMAT AVG SAVE RECALL HARDCOPY SYSTEM OPTIONS ...

Page 458: ...estored by pressing the key several times during power up This procedure clears all information in non volatile memory including calibrations Refer to the key definition in Chapter 8 for more information BEGIN Key Settings MENU Key Settings DISPLAY Key Settings CAL Key Settings SAVE RECALL Key Settings 1 Analyzers with Option 100 only 1 Option 100 only For analyzers without Option 100 see Factory ...

Page 459: ...sing the PCB command See your Programmer s Guide for details Analyzer HP IB Address 16 System Controller Talker Listener Talker Listener Power Meter HP IB Address 1 13 System Controller Address 2 21 User TTL Config Softkey Auto Step Clock Format YYYY MM DD HH MM SS Numeric Alpha Numeric Seconds On HP IB Status Talker Listener SRE Register 0 ESE Register 0 PSC Flag 1 LAN LAN state On HP 87xxx IP Ad...

Page 460: ...ter Printer Language PCL Hardcopy Port parallel Printer Plotter HP IB Address 5 Baud Rate 19200 Handshake Xon Xoff Define Hardcopy Graph and Marker Table Define Graph Trace Data On Graticule On Annotation On Marker Symbol On Title Clock On Define PCL5 Mono Color Monochrome Orientation Portrait Auto Feed On Top Margin 0 mm Left Margin 0 mm Print Width 150 mm 5 9 in ...

Page 461: ...continued Define Printer Mono Color Monochrome Orientation Portrait Auto Feed On Resolution 96 dpi Top Margin 0 mm Left Margin 0 mm Print Width 150 mm 5 9 in Define Plotter Mono Color Monochrome Auto Feed On Pen Numbers Monochrome Pen 1 Trace 1 Pen 1 Trace 2 Pen 2 Memory 1 Pen 3 Memory 2 Pen 4 Graticule Pen 5 Graphics Pen 6 ...

Page 462: ...s settings that are not included in the previous sections are volatile These settings survive when the key is pressed but not when the analyzer s power is cycled Examples of volatile settings are PRESET always returns to HP 8712E Compatible format after a power cycle always returns to 0 0 0 0 after a power cycle File Format IP Address to Ping ...

Page 463: ...e these instrument states to any one of the following Table 11 1 Disk Capacities The non volatile RAM disk is powered by a battery to provide short term storage of data when the analyzer is not connected to ac power With this battery protection data can typically be retained in memory for approximately 250 days at 70 C and for more than 5 years at 25 C The number of files that can be saved to disk...

Page 464: ... faster The disk catalog window can display at most nine pages of files with 21 files or directories per page for a total of 189 This means that if you have over 188 files in addition to the parent directory you will not be able to see all of the files However even though you cannot see all of the files using the disk catalog window you can still access them programmatically using SCPI or IBASIC R...

Page 465: ...rument states when you want to return to the same instrument setup Cal Calibration data Error correction arrays The amount of memory used increases with the number of data points Reflection cals are larger than transmission cals The instrument state is automatically saved with cal data You should save calibrations to avoid having to repeat the calibration procedure Data Measurement or trace data T...

Page 466: ...there are three types of information that can be saved Instrument state Cal Data Each of these can be enabled or disabled using based on your needs The following table shows how much space is required to save each of the three components of the instrument state By adding the numbers for the items which you are saving you can calculate approximately the size of the instrument state file that will b...

Page 467: ... number of measurement points 4 Calpts number of points over which the calibration was per formed Item Saved Size 1 bytes File header 2 0 State header 140 Instrument state off 0 without memory trace 9580 with 1 memory trace 3 9580 1 8 Npts with 2 memory traces 3 9580 2 8 Npts Data per active channel off 0 each channel active3 178 8 Npts Cal per active channel off 0 response 4 246 4 8 Calpts respon...

Page 468: ...ate and data Size 0 140 9580 8 201 178 8 201 13 114 Same as above but after performing a transmission calibration and saving the calibration Size 0 140 9580 8 201 178 8 201 246 4 8 201 19 792 NOTE Most disks use a sector size of 256 or 512 bytes so there will usually be a small amount of wasted space on the disk Memory Usage Notes In general memory usage increases with number of points and complex...

Page 469: ...Aperture key 8 8 Aperture Hz key 8 8 arrays error correction 6 2 ASCII file calibration kit 6 22 attenuation when to use in a measurement 3 7 Authentication key 8 9 Auto Feed ON off key 8 9 Automount At Powerup 8 9 Automount Dev Table key 8 9 Automount Setup key 8 9 Autoscale 2 6 Autoscale key 8 9 AUTOST files 3 14 Autost key 3 14 8 9 auto step 4 62 autozero 6 15 Autozero key 8 10 AUX INPUT connec...

Page 470: ...6 type F 6 17 8 93 type N f 6 17 8 93 type N m 6 17 8 93 user cal kit A J 8 94 user defined 6 18 creating 6 21 calibration reference plane 6 5 calibration standard 6 19 load 6 19 8 49 open 6 19 8 63 short 6 19 8 81 through 6 19 8 90 calibration standard characteristic 6 19 C0 C1 C2 C3 6 21 8 14 delay 6 20 8 23 loss 6 20 8 50 Z0 6 20 8 102 Cancel key 8 15 caution definition 10 4 receiver input dama...

Page 471: ... printing device 4 72 defining what you save 4 58 definitions specifications 9 2 delay aperture 3 53 electrical effect on measurements 5 19 group 3 53 phase derived 3 53 Delay Aperture key 8 23 Delay key 8 23 delay calibration standard characteristic 8 23 Delete All Files key 8 23 Delete All Limits key 8 23 Delete All Users key 8 23 Delete Char key 8 23 Delete File key 8 23 Delete Limit key 8 24 d...

Page 472: ...uency response 6 3 leakage 6 3 measurement 6 2 mismatch 6 3 systematic 6 2 ESD precautions 1 8 Ethernet Address key 8 28 Expand on OFF key 8 29 expanded display 4 52 EXT REF IN 7 4 Ext Ref on OFF key 8 29 EXT TRIG IN OUT 7 4 extensions port 5 17 external auxiliary input AUX INPUT 3 51 7 4 external detector connectors 1 11 7 13 external monitor 4 86 external monitor connector 7 12 external referenc...

Page 473: ...4 88 Horizontal Position key 8 38 how to create flat limit lines 4 29 create single point limits 4 32 delete limit segments 4 37 use delta markers 4 24 use limit lines 4 28 use polar format markers 4 27 use Smith chart markers 4 27 HP 7440A ColorPro Eight Pen Color Graphics Plotter 4 67 HP 7470A Two Pen Graphics Plotter 4 67 HP 7475A Six Pen Graphics Plotter 4 67 HP 7550A B High Speed Eight Pen Gr...

Page 474: ...N port 4 70 LAN Port Setup key 8 46 LAN Printr IP Address key 8 46 Landscape key 8 46 leakage errors 6 3 level power 2 6 reference 2 6 Level key 8 46 limit icon explanation 4 51 X Position 4 37 Y Position 4 37 Limit Icon ON off key 8 47 8 48 limit indicator 4 38 Limit key 8 47 Limit Line ON off key 4 37 4 47 limit lines 4 47 stimulus and amplitude values 4 39 limit lines testing 4 28 limit pass fa...

Page 475: ...Standard key 8 54 measurement absolute output power 3 39 annotation 4 51 averaging 5 11 broadband power 3 39 channel 2 7 channel annotation 4 51 choosing a calibration 6 6 detection modes 3 4 errors 6 2 group delay 3 53 impedance 3 57 impedance magnitude 3 63 narrowband power 3 39 optimizing 5 2 phase derived delay 3 53 reflection 3 32 saving data 4 55 speed with hardcopy 4 81 steps 3 9 theory 3 3...

Page 476: ...h key 8 62 Number of Points key 8 62 Numeric key 8 62 O one port calibration 3 33 3 35 6 14 Open key 8 63 open calibration standard 6 19 8 63 Operating Parameters key 8 63 operational check 2 10 operator s check 2 10 optimizing measurements 5 2 Optional Boot Host key 8 63 Optional File Name key 8 63 P page protection 4 73 panel front and rear 7 25 panel front and rear 7 2 parallel port 1 11 4 70 4...

Page 477: ...Programs key 8 67 Pwr Level at Preset key 8 68 Pwr Sweep Range key 8 68 R R detector 3 3 R key 8 69 R detector 3 4 R key 8 69 rack installation 1 16 part number 1 16 range frequency 2 6 Real key 8 69 rear panel features 7 2 7 25 recall from a disk or memory 4 60 Recall Program key 8 70 Recall State key 8 70 recalling measurements 4 55 receiver input damage level 5 9 receiver input power increase 5...

Page 478: ...select disk 4 57 Select Disk key 8 79 Select Item key 8 80 Select key 8 79 selecting the disk 4 57 selector switch voltage 7 25 serial port 1 11 4 70 4 71 7 11 Service key 8 80 Service Utilities key 8 80 Set Clock key 8 80 Set Day key 8 80 Set Hour key 8 80 Set Minute key 8 80 Set Month key 8 81 Set Pen Numbers key 8 81 Set Track Frequency 4 44 Set Track Frequency key 8 81 Set Year key 8 81 settin...

Page 479: ...impedance 3 8 system lock up how to recover 8 66 SYSTEM OPTIONS key 8 88 System Z0 key 8 88 systematic errors 6 2 T Talker Listener key 8 89 target search 4 9 Target Search key 8 89 Target Value 4 9 Target Value key 8 89 techniques for optimizing measurements 5 2 test pattern 4 88 test port input specifications 9 20 test port output specifications 9 14 testing with limit lines 4 28 Tests and Adjus...

Page 480: ... 95 V Velocity Factor key 8 96 vertical back porch 4 88 Vertical Back Porch key 8 96 Vertical Frnt Porch key 8 96 vertical front porch 4 88 Vertical Position key 8 97 vertical scale how to set 8 9 VGA monitor 4 86 7 12 VIDEO OUT COLOR VGA connector 1 11 7 12 View Cal Check key 8 97 viewing a single measurement channel 5 6 Volatile RAM Disk key 8 97 volatile settings 11 12 voltage requirements 1 5 ...

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