Chapter 1. Introduction
Thank you for purchasing a model PanaFlow™ LC from
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1.1 System description
The PanaFlow™ LC flowmeter is a one, two, or three channel
ultrasonic transit time flowmeter that utilizes clamp-
on transducers on external pipe surfaces to allow for
uninterrupted flow operation during flow measurement. The
PanaFlow™ LC flowmeter has up to 3 independent channels.
These channels are capable of measuring the flow rate of
acoustically conductive single-phase liquid, which may
have limited amount of second phase. With the 3 channels,
the user will have the capability to average them with equal
weights, or with different weights that will better suit the flow
profile. The meter is designed for pipe sizes ranging from ½
in. (15 mm) to 300 in. (7600 mm) with wall thickness up to 4
in. (102 mm) for flow velocities up to 80 ft/s (25 m/s). For a full
list of its capabilities, see Appendix A. This manual will serve
as a guide to install the clamping fixture and transducers
necessary for accurate flow readings, programming
the meter for specific customer needs, error codes and
troubleshooting walk through, and maintenance and service
procedures.
Figure 1: PanaFlow LC
1.2 Theory of operation
The PanaFlow™ LC uses a procedure called Transit-Time
Flow Measurement. In this method, the flowmeter transmits
ultrasonic pulses through a moving liquid. The pulses that
travel in the same direction as the fluid flow (downstream)
travel slightly faster than the pulses that travel against the
fluid flow (upstream). The difference in transit times is then
used to calculate flow velocity.
Tracking window
locked onto
receive signal
Range of tracking window
Time
Receive signal
Transmit signal
Variable time interval
ATW ensures accuracy when fluid conditions change
Figure 2: Transit - time flow measurement
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