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Thermo Scientific 48i, Инструкция по эксплуатации


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Operation 

Calibration Menu 

Thermo Fisher Scientific 

Model 48

i

 Instruction Manual     

3-23

 

 

The Zero/Span Period Hours screen defines the period or interval between 
zero/span checks. Periods between 0 and 999 hours are acceptable. To turn 
the zero/span check off, set the period to 0.

 

●

 

In the Main Menu, choose Calibration > Zero/Span Check > 

Period 

Hr

. 

 

ZERO/SPAN PERIOD:  

 CURRENTLY:      024 HRS 

    SET TO:      02

5

 HRS ? 

                           
          



 MOVE CURSOR 

 



 CHANGE VALUE     SAVE 

                           

 RANGE  AVG  DIAGS ALARM  

 

The Total Duration Hour line is the sum of the zero, span, and purge 
duration minutes, and is for viewing only. 

The Zero Duration Minutes screen defines how long zero air is sampled by 
the instrument. The Span and Purge Duration Minutes screens look and 
function the same way as the zero duration screen. The span duration 
screen is used to set how long the span gas is sampled by the instrument. 
The purge duration screen is used to set how long the purge period will be 
after doing a zero or span check. This gives the instrument time to flush 
out the zero and span gas before any meaningful data is taken. Logged data 
is flagged as taken during a purge to show that the data is suspect. 
Durations between 0 and 99 minutes are acceptable. Each time a zero/span 
check occurs the zero check is done first, followed by the span check. To 
perform just a zero check, set the span duration to 0 (off). The same applies 
to perform just a span check.

 

●

 

In the Main Menu, choose Calibration > Zero/Span Check > 

Zero, 

Span

 

or

 

Purge Duration Min

. 

 

ZERO DURATION: 

 CURRENTLY:       30 MIN 

    SET TO:       31 MIN ? 

                           
          



 MOVE CURSOR 

 



 CHANGE VALUE     SAVE 

                           

 RANGE  AVG  DIAGS ALARM  

Period Hours

Total Duration Hour

Zero/Span/Purge

Duration Minutes

Содержание 48i

Страница 1: ...Model 48i Instruction Manual Gas Filter Correlation CO Analyzer Part Number 101891 00 10Aug2017 ...

Страница 2: ...ons terms and pricing are subject to change Not all products are available in all countries Please consult your local sales representative for details Thermo Fisher Scientific Air Quality Instruments 27 Forge Parkway Franklin MA 02038 1 508 520 0430 www thermo com aqi ...

Страница 3: ...ientific has contracted with one or more recycling disposal companies in each EU Member State and this product should be disposed of or recycled through them Further information on Thermo Fisher Scientific s compliance with these Directives the recyclers in your country and information on Thermo Fisher Scientific products which may assist the detection of substances subject to the RoHS Directive a...

Страница 4: ......

Страница 5: ...ate September 23 1981 amended for Model 48i The Model 48i CO Analyzer meets EPA reference designation requirements when operated with the following Range 0 1 to 100 ppm Averaging Time 10 to 300 seconds Temperature Range 20 to 35 C Line Voltage 90 to 110 Vac 50 60 Hertz 105 to 125 Vac 50 60 Hertz 210 to 250 Vac 50 60 Hertz Pressure Compensation ON or OFF Temperature Compensation ON or OFF Flow Rate...

Страница 6: ......

Страница 7: ...tenance provides maintenance procedures to ensure reliable and consistent instrument operation Chapter 6 Troubleshooting presents guidelines for diagnosing analyzer failures isolating faults and includes recommended actions for restoring proper operation Chapter 7 Servicing presents safety alerts for technicians working on the analyzer step by step instructions for repairing and replacing componen...

Страница 8: ... damage Refer to the following types of alerts you may see in this manual Safety and Equipment Damage Alert Descriptions Alert Description DANGER A hazard is present that could result in death or serious personal injury if the warning is ignored WARNING A hazard or unsafe practice could result in serious personal injury if the warning is ignored CAUTION A hazard or unsafe practice could result in ...

Страница 9: ...t wipe the LCD polarizing plate with a dry cloth as it may easily scratch the plate Do not use alcohol acetone MEK or other ketone based or aromatic solvent to clean the LCD module but rather use a soft cloth moistened with a naphtha cleaning solvent Do not place the LCD module near organic solvents or corrosive gases Do not shake or jolt the LCD module Changes or modifications to this unit not ex...

Страница 10: ...l Description Marking of electrical and electronic equipment which applies to waste electrical and electronic equipment falling under the Directive 2002 96 EC WEEE and the equipment that has been put on the market after 13 August 2005 Service is available from exclusive distributors worldwide Contact one of the phone numbers below for product support and technical information or visit us on the we...

Страница 11: ... 25 Pin Terminal Board 2 8 Startup 2 10 Operation 3 1 Display 3 1 Pushbuttons 3 2 Soft Keys 3 3 Alphanumeric Entry Screen 3 4 Firmware Overview 3 4 Power Up Screen 3 6 Run Screen 3 6 Custom Run Screens 3 7 Main Menu 3 8 Range Menu 3 8 Single Range Mode 3 9 Dual Range Mode 3 10 Auto Range Mode 3 11 Gas Units 3 13 CO Range 3 14 Set Custom Ranges 3 15 Custom Ranges 3 15 Averaging Time 3 16 Calibratio...

Страница 12: ...ttings 3 26 Select Srec Lrec 3 27 View Logged Data 3 27 Number of Records 3 27 Date and Time 3 28 Erase Log 3 29 Select Content 3 29 Choose Field Data 3 29 Concentrations 3 30 Corrected Concentrations 3 30 Other Measurements 3 31 Analog Inputs 3 31 Commit Content 3 32 Reset to Default Content 3 32 Configure Datalogging 3 33 Logging Period Min 3 33 Memory Allocation Percent 3 33 Data Treatment 3 34...

Страница 13: ...3 46 Instrument State 3 47 Alarms 3 47 Non Alarm 3 48 Digital Input Settings 3 48 Logic State 3 49 Instrument Action 3 49 Analog Output Configuration Select Channel 3 49 Allow Over Under Range 3 50 Analog Output Configuration Select Action 3 50 Select Range 3 51 Minimum and Maximum Value 3 51 Choose Signal to Output 3 52 Analog Input Configuration 3 54 Descriptor 3 54 Units 3 55 Decimal Places 3 5...

Страница 14: ...3 68 Alarms Menu 3 68 Internal Temperature 3 69 Min and Max Internal Temperature Limits 3 69 Bench Temperature 3 70 Min and Max Bench Temperature Limits 3 70 Pressure 3 70 Min and Max Pressure Limits 3 71 Sample Flow 3 71 Min and Max Sample Flow Limits 3 72 Bias Voltage 3 72 Min and Max Bias Voltage Limits 3 72 AGC Intensity 3 73 Min and Max AGC Intensity Limits 3 73 Motor Speed 3 73 Zero and Span...

Страница 15: ...log Output Calibrate Zero 3 86 Analog Output Calibrate Full Scale 3 86 Analog Input Calibration 3 87 Analog Input Calibrate Zero 3 87 Analog Input Calibrate Full Scale 3 88 O2 Correction Concentration 3 88 Dilution Ratio 3 89 Setup Run Screens 3 89 Edit Run Screen 3 90 Edit Title 3 90 Enabled 3 90 Number of Items 3 91 Select Run Screen Item 3 91 Concentrations 3 92 Corrected Concentrations 3 92 Ot...

Страница 16: ...djust 4 7 References 4 9 Preventive Maintenance 5 1 Safety Precautions 5 1 Replacement Parts 5 2 Cleaning the Outside Case 5 2 Cleaning the Optics 5 2 IR Source Replacement 5 3 Fan Filter Inspection and Cleaning 5 3 Leak Test and Pump Check Out 5 4 External Leaks 5 4 Leaks Across the Optional Zero Span and Sample Solenoid Valves 5 5 Pump Rebuilding 5 5 Disassembly 5 5 Assembly with New Diaphragm a...

Страница 17: ...er Replacement 7 24 Flow Transducer Calibration 7 25 Capillary Cleaning or Replacement 7 26 Optional Zero Span and Sample Solenoid Valve Replacement 7 27 Analog Output Testing 7 28 Analog Output Calibration 7 30 Analog Input Calibration 7 31 Calibrating the Input Channels to Zero Volts 7 31 Calibrating the Input Channels to Full Scale 7 32 Ambient Temperature Calibration 7 33 I O Expansion Board O...

Страница 18: ...7 I O Expansion Board Optional 8 7 Front Panel Connector Board 8 7 I O Components 8 8 Analog Voltage Outputs 8 8 Analog Current Outputs Optional 8 8 Analog Voltage Inputs Optional 8 9 Digital Relay Outputs 8 9 Digital Inputs 8 9 Serial Ports 8 10 RS 232 Connection 8 10 RS 485 Connection 8 11 Ethernet Connection 8 11 External Accessory Connector 8 11 Optional Equipment 9 1 Internal Zero Span Assemb...

Страница 19: ...ration B 48 Record Layout Definition B 53 Format Specifier for ASCII Responses B 54 Format Specifier for Binary Responses B 54 Format Specifier for Erec Layout B 54 Text B 55 Value String B 55 Value Source B 55 Alarm Information B 55 Translation Table B 56 Selection Table B 56 Button Designator B 56 Examples B 57 MODBUS Protocol C 1 Serial Communication Parameters C 1 TCP Communication Parameters ...

Страница 20: ...mmunication Parameters D 1 TCP Communication Parameters D 2 Instrument Address D 2 Abbreviations Used D 2 Basic Command Structure D 2 Block Checksum Characters BCC D 3 Gesytec Commands D 3 Instrument Control Command ST D 3 Data Sampling Data Query Command DA D 4 Measurements reported in response to DA command D 7 Single Range Mode D 7 Dual Auto Range Mode D 7 Operating and Error Status D 7 Appendi...

Страница 21: ...libration Flow Schematic 4 4 Figure 5 1 Inspecting and Cleaning the Fan 5 4 Figure 5 2 Rebuilding the Pump New Technology 5 7 Figure 5 3 Rebuilding the Pump 5 9 Figure 6 1 Board Level Connection Diagram Common Electronics 6 5 Figure 6 2 Board Level Connection Diagram Measurement System 6 6 Figure 7 1 Properly Grounded Antistatic Wrist Strap 7 4 Figure 7 2 Component Layout 7 7 Figure 7 3 Removing t...

Страница 22: ...he Measurement Interface Board 7 39 Figure 7 18 Replacing the Front Panel Board and the LCD Module 7 40 Figure 8 1 Hardware Components 8 2 Figure 9 1 Flow Diagram Internal O2 Sensor 9 2 Figure 9 2 Purge Housing Assembly 9 4 Figure 9 3 Rack Mount Option Assembly 9 8 Figure 9 4 Bench Mounting 9 9 Figure 9 5 EIA Rack Mounting 9 10 Figure 9 6 Retrofit Rack Mounting 9 11 Figure B 1 Flags Field B 13 ...

Страница 23: ...criptions 6 7 Table 6 4 Measurement Interface Board Connector Pin Descriptions 6 12 Table 6 5 Front Panel Board Connector Pin Diagram 6 14 Table 6 6 I O Expansion Board Optional Connector Pin Descriptions 6 16 Table 6 7 Digital Output Board Connector Pin Descriptions 6 17 Table 6 8 Pre amp Board Connector Pin Descriptions 6 19 Table 7 1 Model 48i Replacement Parts 7 4 Table 7 2 Model 48i Cables 7 ...

Страница 24: ...alues B 46 Table B 11 Power Up Mode Values B 47 Table B 12 Set Layout Ack Values B 47 Table B 13 Analog Current Output Range Values B 48 Table B 14 Analog Voltage Output Range Values B 49 Table B 15 Default Analog Output Channel Assignments B 51 Table C 1 Read Coils for 48i C 8 Table C 2 Read Registers for 48i C 10 Table C 3 Write Coils for 48i C 12 Table D 1 Operating Status for Model 48i D 7 Tab...

Страница 25: ... auto range modes Multiple user defined analog outputs Analog input options High sensitivity Fast response time Linearity through all ranges Highly specific to CO Self aligning optics Automatic temperature and pressure compensation User selectable digital input output capabilities Standard communications features include RS232 485 and Ethernet C Link MODBUS Gesytec Bayern Hessen streaming data and...

Страница 26: ...n Figure 1 1 The sample flows through the optical bench Radiation from an infrared source is chopped and then passed through a gas filter alternating between CO and N2 The radiation then passes through a narrow bandpass interference filter and enters the optical bench where absorption by the sample gas occurs The infrared radiation then exits the optical bench and falls on an infrared detector The...

Страница 27: ...cations Preset ranges 0 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10000 ppm or mg m3 Custom ranges 0 1 to 10000 ppm or mg m3 Zero noise 0 02 ppm RMS 30 second averaging time Lower detectable limit 0 04 ppm Zero drift 24 hour 0 1 ppm Span drift 1 full scale Response time 60 seconds 30 second averaging time Linearity 1 full scale 1000 ppm 2 5 full scale 1000 ppm Sample flow rate 1 0 L min Specificat...

Страница 28: ...Digital inputs 16 digital inputs user select programmable TTL level pulled high Serial Ports 1 RS 232 or RS 485 with two connectors baud rate 1200 115200 data bits parity and stop bits protocols C Link MODBUS Gesytec Bayern Hessen and streaming data all user selectable Ethernet connection RJ45 connector for 10Mbs Ethernet connection static or dynamic TCP IP addressing In non condensing environment...

Страница 29: ...ject such as bending at the knees while keeping your back straight and upright Grasp the instrument at the bottom in the front and at the rear of the unit Although one person can lift the unit it is desirable to have two persons lifting one by grasping the bottom in the front and the other by grasping the bottom in the rear Equipment Damage Do not attempt to lift the instrument by the cover or oth...

Страница 30: ... Remove the cover to expose the internal components 3 Remove the packing material Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 Remove the Packing Material 4 Remove the three shipping screws Figure 2 2 Figure 2 2 Removing the Shipping Screws Remove Packing 2 pieces Units without Optional I O Board Units with Optional I O Board Shipping Screws 3 ...

Страница 31: ... to use the Teflon particulate filter as described in Teflon Particulate Filter on page 9 5 Note Gas must be delivered to the instrument at atmospheric pressure It may be necessary to use an atmospheric bypass plumbing arrangement as shown in Figure 2 4 if gas pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure 2 Connect the EXHAUST bulkhead to a suitable vent The exhaust line should be 1 4 inch OD with...

Страница 32: ...log Output Testing on page 7 28 5 Plug the instrument into an outlet of the appropriate voltage and frequency WARNING The Model 48i is supplied with a three wire grounding cord Under no circumstances should this grounding system be defeated Figure 2 3 Model 48i Rear Panel Figure 2 4 Atmospheric Dump Bypass Plumbing SAMPLE Input Gas Line Vent to Exhaust Line at Atmospheric Pressure Instrument Bulkh...

Страница 33: ...ide This assembly provide a convenient mechanism for connecting wires from a data system to the analyzer s I O connectors The following terminal board PCB assemblies are available for iSeries instruments I O terminal board PCB assembly 37 pin standard D O terminal board PCB assembly 37 pin standard 25 pin terminal board PCB assembly included with optional I O Expansion Board Figure 2 5 shows the r...

Страница 34: ...1 13 Power_Fail_NC 2 Analog ground 14 Power_Fail_COM 3 Analog2 15 Power_Fail_NO 4 Analog ground 16 TTL_Input1 5 Analog3 17 TTL_Input2 6 Analog ground 18 TTL_Input3 7 Analog4 19 TTL_Input4 8 Analog ground 20 Digital ground 9 Analog5 21 TTL_Input5 10 Analog ground 22 TTL_Input6 11 Analog6 23 TTL_Input7 12 Analog ground 24 Digital ground Component Side Viewed from Top of Board Detail A Detail B Assem...

Страница 35: ...tion Screw Signal Description 1 Relay1_ContactA 13 Relay7_ContactA 2 Relay1_ContactB 14 Relay7_ContactB 3 Relay2_ContactA 15 Relay8_ContactA 4 Relay2_ContactB 16 Relay8_ContactB 5 Relay3_ContactA 17 Relay9_ContactA 6 Relay3_ContactB 18 Relay9_ContactB 7 Relay4_ContactA 19 Relay10_ContactA 8 Relay4_ContactB 20 Relay10_ContactB 9 Relay5_ContactA 21 Solenoid_Drive_Output1 10 Relay5_ContactB 22 24V 11...

Страница 36: ... Pin Terminal Board Pin Descriptions Screw Signal Description Screw Signal Description 1 IOut1 13 Analog_In1 2 GND_ISO 14 Analog_In2 3 IOut2 15 Analog_In3 4 GND_ISO 16 GNDD 5 IOut3 17 Analog_In4 6 GND_ISO 18 Analog_In5 7 IOut4 19 Analog_In6 8 GND_ISO 20 GNDD 9 IOut5 21 Analog_In7 10 GND_ISO 22 Analog_In8 11 IOut6 23 GNDD 12 GND_ISO 24 GNDD 25 Pin Terminal Board Component Side Viewed from Top of Bo...

Страница 37: ...Installation Connecting External Devices Thermo Fisher Scientific Model 48i Instruction Manual 2 9 ...

Страница 38: ...wer ON 2 Allow 90 minutes for the instrument to stabilize 3 Set instrument parameters such as operating ranges and averaging times to appropriate settings For more information about instrument parameters see the Operation chapter 4 Before beginning the actual monitoring perform a multipoint calibration as described in the Calibration chapter Startup ...

Страница 39: ...ng Time on page 3 16 Calibration Factors Menu on page 3 16 Calibration Menu on page 3 20 Instrument Controls Menu on page 3 25 Diagnostics Menu on page 3 61 Alarms Menu on page 3 68 Service Menu on page 3 78 Password on page 3 94 The 320 x 240 graphics liquid crystal display LCD shows the sample concentrations instrument parameters instrument controls help and error messages Some menus contain mor...

Страница 40: ...ay CAUTION If the LCD panel breaks do not to let the liquid crystal contact your skin or clothes If the liquid crystal contacts your skin or clothes wash it off immediately using soap and water The Pushbuttons allow the user to traverse the various screens menus Figure 3 2 Front Panel Pushbuttons Pushbuttons ...

Страница 41: ...ny other key to exit a help screen Up Down Left Right The four arrow pushbuttons and move the cursor up down left and right or change values and states in specific screens Enter The is used to select a menu item accept set save a change and or toggle on off functions The soft keys are multi functional keys that use part of the display to identify their function The function of the soft keys is to ...

Страница 42: ...the right of the cursor one place to the left PAGE is used to change the keyboard character page For the English language this switches between upper and lower case alphabetic characters SAVE stores the string from the entry line into the parameter Alternately if the active cursor is moved to the entry line may be pressed to store the string from the entry line into the parameter The Model 48i uti...

Страница 43: ... Flow Sample Ref Ratio AGC Intensity Motor Speed O Sensor Readings Analog Input Readings Analog Input Voltages Digital Inputs Relay States Test Analog Outputs Instrument Config Contact Info Alarms Internal Temp Bench Temp Pressure Sample Flow Bias Voltage AGC Intensity Motor Speed Zero Check Span Check Zero Autocal Span Autocal Conc O Conc MB Status Int Bd Status I O Bd Status Service Range Mode S...

Страница 44: ... alarm bell icon and optional zero span sample solenoid valve status if installed The word SAMPLE on the left of the status bar indicates the analyzer has the zero span valve option and is in SAMPLE mode Other modes appear in the same area of the display as ZERO or SPAN For more information about the optional solenoid valves see Chapter 9 Optional Equipment Power Up Screen Run Screen The password ...

Страница 45: ...concentration is displayed In dual range mode pressing the and arrows will toggle between high and low concentrations The following example shows the Run screen in single range mode X CONCENTRATION W NO 28 7 PPB CO 15 80ppm NOx 29 2 PPB SAMPLE 12 34 ALARMx RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM Up to five Custom Run Screens can be configured For more information on custom run screens see Setup Run Screens on page ...

Страница 46: ...NXXLO W CO 15 80 ppm xSAMPLE 12 34 ALARMx MAIN MENU RANGE AVERAGING TIME CALIBRATION FACTORS CALIBRATION INSTRUMENT CONTROLS DIAGNOSTICS ALARMS RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM SERVICE PASSWORD The Range menu allows the operator to select the gas units CO ranges and to set the custom ranges The screens below show the range menu in single range mode and dual auto range modes The only difference between the sc...

Страница 47: ... may be selected from the Range Mode Select on page 3 78 Figure 3 4 Pin Out of Rear Panel Connector in Single Range Mode Table 3 2 Default Analog Outputs in Single Range Mode Channel Connector Pin I O Terminal Pin Description 1 14 1 CO Analog Output 2 33 3 CO Analog Output 3 15 5 None 4 34 7 None 5 17 9 None 6 36 11 None Ground 16 18 19 35 37 2 4 6 8 10 12 Signal Ground Note All channels are user ...

Страница 48: ...d the high CO analog output set to output concentrations from 0 to 100 ppm In addition each CO analog output has a span coefficient There are two span coefficients so that each range can be calibrated separately This is necessary if the two ranges are not close to one another For example the low CO range is set to 0 50 ppm and the high CO range is set to 0 10000 ppm By default in the dual range mo...

Страница 49: ...volts When the high range is active the status output is at half of full scale When the high range is active the concentration must drop to 95 of the low CO range for the low range to become active In addition each CO analog output has a span coefficient There are two span coefficients so that each range can be calibrated separately This is necessary if the two ranges are not close to one another ...

Страница 50: ... the dual range mode should be used so that the range selection may be evaluated by the user to meet their reulations Figure 3 6 Analog Output in Auto Range Mode By default in the auto range mode the analog outputs are arranged on the rear panel connector as shown in Figure 3 7 See Table 3 4 for channels and pin connections Auto range mode may be selected from the Range Mode Select on page 3 78 Fi...

Страница 51: ...bic meter mg m3 are available The mg m3 gas concentration mode is calculated using a standard pressure of 760 mmHg and a standard temperature of 20 C When switching from ppm to mg m3 the analog ranges all default to the highest range in that mode For example when switching from mg m3 to ppm all the ranges default to 10000 ppm Therefore whenever you change units you should also check the range sett...

Страница 52: ...des The only difference between the screens are the words High or Low displayed to indicate which range is displayed The following example shows the CO range screen in single mode For more information about the dual and auto range modes see Single Range Mode Dual Range Mode and Auto Range Mode earlier in this chapter Table 3 5 lists the available preset ranges In the Main Menu choose Range Range R...

Страница 53: ... Ranges CUSTOM RANGES CUSTOM RANGE 1 55 0 CUSTOM RANGE 2 75 0 CUSTOM RANGE 3 125 0 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Custom Ranges screen is used to define the custom ranges The display shows the current custom range The next line of the display is used to set the range To use the custom full scale range be sure to select it Custom range 1 2 or 3 in the CO Ranges screen For more information about selectin...

Страница 54: ...es an Averaging Time Menu is displayed before the averaging time screens This menu is needed because the dual and auto range modes have two averaging times high and low The Averaging Time screen functions the same way in the single dual and auto range modes The following averaging times are available 1 2 5 10 20 30 60 90 120 180 240 and 300 seconds In the Main Menu choose Averaging Time AVERAGING ...

Страница 55: ... example the analyzer is reading 15 80 ppm of CO while sampling zero air The CO background correction is 0 0 ppm That is the analyzer is not applying a zero background correction The question mark is used as a prompt to change the background correction In this case the background correction must be increased to 15 80 ppm in order for the CO reading to be at 0 ppm To set the CO reading in the follo...

Страница 56: ...ration reading above also changes However no real changes are made until is pressed In dual or auto range modes HIGH or LOW is displayed to indicate the calibration of the high or low coefficient The following example shows the coefficient screen in dual auto range mode Note The concentration value will show ERROR if the measured concentration is not a valid span value either higher than the selec...

Страница 57: ...e proposed changes as opposed to implemented changes To escape this screen without saving any changes press to return to the Calibration Factors menu or to return to the Run screen Press to actually set the O2 reading to 0 00 and store the new background correction of 0 12 Then the question mark prompt beside the O2 reading disappears In the Main Menu choose Calibration Factors O2 Background O2 BA...

Страница 58: ...rnal O2 sensor option is installed The calibration menu is similar for the single dual and auto range mode as shown below The only difference between the screens are the words HI and LO to indicate which range is displayed The dual and auto range modes have two CO span factors high and low This allows each range to be calibrated separately This is necessary if the two ranges used are not close to ...

Страница 59: ...the current CO concentration reading and the current CO range The next line of the display is where the CO calibration gas concentration is entered The CO span coefficient is calculated stored and used to correct the current CO reading For more information about calibration see Chapter 4 Calibration In dual or auto range modes HIGH or LOW is displayed to indicate the calibration of the high or low...

Страница 60: ... the Main Menu choose Calibration Zero Span Check ZERO SPAN CHECK NEXT TIME 01Jan09 12 00 PERIOD HR 24 TOTAL DURATION HR 1 5 ZERO DURATION MIN 30 SPAN DURATION MIN 30 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM PURGE DURATION MIN 30 ZERO SPAN AVG SEC 60 ZERO CAL RESET ON SPAN CAL RESET OFF ZERO SPAN RATIO 1 The Next Time screen is used to view and set the initial date and time 24 hour format of the zero span check Once...

Страница 61: ... way as the zero duration screen The span duration screen is used to set how long the span gas is sampled by the instrument The purge duration screen is used to set how long the purge period will be after doing a zero or span check This gives the instrument time to flush out the zero and span gas before any meaningful data is taken Logged data is flagged as taken during a purge to show that the da...

Страница 62: ...layed only if Auto Calibration is set to YES in the Instrument Configuration screen in the Diagnostics menu If the zero calibration reset line is set to yes then not only is a zero check done but a zero adjustment is made If the span calibration reset line is set to yes then not only is a span check done but a span adjustment is made This is how to set up a scheduled recurring auto calibration The...

Страница 63: ...wn concentration The display shows the current O2 concentration reading The next line of the display is where the O2 calibration gas concentration is entered In the Main Menu choose Calibration Calibrate O2 Coefficient CALIBRATE O2 O2 20 80 SPAN CONC 00020 80 MOVE CURSOR CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Instrument Controls menu contains a number of items that may be selected to control ...

Страница 64: ...he logging period for srecs is set to 30 minutes a new srec will be generated on every hour and every half hour 10 00 10 30 11 00 Lrecs and srecs function independent of each other For example an srec containing just the current concentration level could be generated every five minutes while an lrec containing a full set of diagnostic data could be generated once every hour The analyzer s computer...

Страница 65: ...T TO LREC TOGGLE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The View Logged Data screen is used to select the starting point to view the logged data by the number of records or by date and time Note that both types of records cannot be viewed at the same time only the selected record type In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings View Logged Data SELECT START POINT BY SET TO OF RECS CHANGE...

Страница 66: ...Date and Time screen is used to set a start date and time for which to view logged data For example if 20 Jan 2009 10 00 is entered then the first logged data record that is displayed is the first record after this time If set to one minute logging this would be at 20 Jan 2009 10 01 DATE AND TIME 20 JAN 2009 10 00 CHG DAYS SET CURSOR TO MONTHS ACCEPT AS SHOWN RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Record Displ...

Страница 67: ... Inputs if the I O expansion board is installed These record fields comprise a temporary list of items for the selected record type that must be committed via the datalogging menu before the changes will apply Note that committing any changes to this list will erase all currently logged data for the selected record type only as the format of the stored data is changed In the Main Menu choose Instr...

Страница 68: ...is visible only in auto range mode O2 is visible only if the O2 compensation option is enable In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings Select Content select Field Concentrations CONCENTRATIONS NONE RANGE STATUS CO LO CO HI CO RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM O2 The Corrected Concentrations screen allows the user to select the output signal that is tied to the selected field item The s...

Страница 69: ...tent below In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings Select Content select Field Other Measurements OTHER MEASUREMENTS NONE S R LO S R HI S R INT TEMP RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM BENCH TEMP BENCH PRES SAMPLE FLOW INTENSITY MOTOR SPEED BIAS SUPPLY EXT ALARMS O2 SENSOR TEMP The Analog Inputs screen allows the user to select the parameter none or analog inputs 1 8 to the selected rec...

Страница 70: ...alogging Settings Commit Content The Reset to Default Content screen is used to reset all of the datalogging field items to default values for the selected record type For more information about selecting the analog output signal group choices see Select Content above In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings Reset to Default Content Commit Content Reset to Default Content C...

Страница 71: ... 15 30 and 60 minutes default In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings Configure Datalogging Logging Period Min SET PERIOD FOR SREC CURRENTLY 60 MIN SET TO OFF MIN CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Memory Allocation Percent screen is used to select the percentage of total memory that may be used by the selected record type lrecs or srecs Percentages between 0 and ...

Страница 72: ...addition to the normal concentration averaging In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings Configure Datalogging Data Treatment SET LREC DATA TYPE CURRENTLY AVG SET TO CUR CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Flag Status Data is used to set flag status data On Off Refer to Flags Status in Appendix B In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Datalogging Settings Config...

Страница 73: ...l communications control and configuration In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings Serial Settings SERIAL SETTINGS BAUD RATE 9600 DATA BITS 8 PARITY NONE STOP BITS 1 RS 232 485 SEL RS 232 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Baud Rate screen is used to set the RS 232 RS 485 interface baud rate Baud rates of 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 and 115200 are available The analyzer...

Страница 74: ... DATA BITS CURRENTLY 8 SET TO 7 CHANGE VALUE SAVE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Parity screen is used to select the parity bit for the serial port to None default Even or Odd In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings Serial Settings Parity PARITY CURRENTLY NONE SET TO ODD CHANGE VALUE SAVE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Stop Bits screen is used to set the number of stop...

Страница 75: ...is used to identify the instrument when using the C Link or MODBUS protocols to control the instrument or collect data It may be necessary to edit the ID number if two or more of instruments of the same model are connected to one computer Valid instrument ID numbers are from 0 to 127 The Model 48i has a default instrument ID of 48 For more information about the Instrument ID see Appendix B C Link ...

Страница 76: ... Possible settings are C Link MODBUS Gesytec and Streaming C link Protocol C link is a bi directional protocol that provides access to all instrument functions including reading the various concentrations and other analog values or variables reading the status of the digital outputs of the instrument and triggering or simulating the activation of a digital input to the instrument Refer to Appendix...

Страница 77: ...NGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Streaming Data Configuration menu is used to allow for configuration of the 8 streaming data output items streaming interval current data format and current timestamp setting The Choose Item Signal submenu displays a list of the analog output signal group choices to choose from Choices are Concentrations Corrected Concentrations if the O2 compensation option is enabled Othe...

Страница 78: ...ES and NO If set to YES then each data point in the streaming record will have a label attached In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings Streaming Data Config Add Labels The Prepend Time Stamp screen allows the operator to toggle between YES and NO If set to YES then each streaming data record will start with a time and date stamp indicating when that record was generated...

Страница 79: ...item is selected pressing will save the selected streaming data item In dual or auto range mode HI or LO is displayed to indicate high or low range concentrations Rang Status is visible only in auto range mode O2 is visible only if the O2 compensation option is enable In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings Streaming Data Config select Item Concentrations CONCENTRATIONS ...

Страница 80: ...s Once an item is selected pressing will save the selected streaming data item In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings Streaming Data Config select Item Other Measurements OTHER MEASUREMENTS NONE S R LO S R HI S R INT TEMP RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM BENCH TEMP BENCH PRES SAMPLE FLOW INTENSITY MOTOR SPEED BIAS SUPPLY EXT ALARMS O2 SENS TEMP The Analog Inputs screen allows the ...

Страница 81: ...nu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings TCP IP Settings TCP IP SETTINGS USE DHCP OFF IP ADDR 192 168 1 200 NETMASK 255 255 255 0 GATEWAY 192 168 1 15 HOST NAME iSeries RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM NTP SVR 192 168 1 15 The Use DHCP screen is used to specify whether to use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP or not When DHCP is enabled the network dynamically provides an IP address for th...

Страница 82: ...mmunicate to other devices The netmask can only be changed when DHCP is off If DHCP is on the instrument will respond with NOT SETTABLE IF DHCP IS ON For more information on DHCP see Use DHCP above In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings TCP IP Settings Netmask NETMASK CURRENT 255 255 255 0 SET TO 255 255 255 0 0 MOVE CURSOR CHANGE VALUE SAVE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM ...

Страница 83: ...etwork Time Protocol NTP Server screen is used to edit the IP address of the NTP server An NTP server may be used to periodically synchronize the instrument s real time clock with a standard More information about the NTP servers and a list of public servers may be found at http www ntp org In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Communication Settings TCP IP Settings NTP Svr NTP SERVER IP ADD...

Страница 84: ...e second after the assigned state occurs to show up on the outputs In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls I O Configuration Output Relay Settings OUTPUT RELAY SETTINGS 1 NOP GEN ALARM 2 NOP NONE 3 NOP UNITS 4 NOP CONC ALARM 5 NOP NONE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Logic State menu item is used to change the selected I O relay to either normally open or normally closed The default state is open wh...

Страница 85: ...lected item is shown by after it The I O board status alarm is only present if the I O expansion board is installed Zero and Span Check Cal are only present if the automated zero span check is enabled The O2 conc items are only displayed if the internal O2 sensor option is installed See the Alarms Menu section later in this chapter for more information on alarm items In the Main Menu choose Instru...

Страница 86: ...Digital Input Settings menu displays a list of the 16 digital inputs available and allows the user to select the logic state and instrument parameter for the relay selected Note The digital inputs must be asserted for at least one second for the action to be activated Note Not all of the I O available in the instrument is brought out on the supplied terminal board If more I O is desired an alterna...

Страница 87: ...tion that is assigned to the selected digital input The zero span and purge modes are only present if the zero span valve option is installed In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls I O Configuration Digital Input Settings select Relay Instrument Action CHOOSE ACTION NONE ZERO MODE SPAN MODE SET BACKGROUND CAL TO LO SPAN RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM AOUTS TO ZERO AOUTS TO FS CAL TO HI SPAN EXT ALARM ...

Страница 88: ... Instrument Controls I O Configuration Analog Output Config Allow Over Under Range ALLOW OVER UNDER RANGE CURRENTLY ON SET TO OFF TOGGLE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Analog Output Configuration menu displays a list of the analog output configuration choices from which the user selects the parameter to adjust for the selected output channel Configuration choices include selecting range setting m...

Страница 89: ...ration Analog Output Config select Channel Select Range SELECT OUTPUT RANGE SELECTED OUTPUT V ALL CURRENTLY 0 10V SET TO 0 100mV CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Minimum and Maximum Value screens are used to edit the zero 0 and full scale 100 values respectively in percentages for the selected analog output channel See Table 3 6 for a list of choices In dual or autorange mode HI or LO i...

Страница 90: ... User set alarm max value Intensity User set alarm min value User set alarm max value Motor Speed User set alarm min value User set alarm max value Bias Voltage User set alarm min value User set alarm max value O2 Zero 0 100 O2 O2 Sensor Temp Zero 0 100 Degrees C Everything Else 0 Units 10 Units The Choose Signal to Output screen displays a submenu list of the analog output signal group choices Gr...

Страница 91: ... range only CO COR single auto range only Sample Reference Analog Input 1 if the I O expansion board is installed LO CO dual range only LO CO COR dual range only LO Sample Reference Analog Input 2 if the I O expansion board is installed HI CO dual range only HI CO COR dual range only HI Sample Reference Analog Input 3 if the I O expansion board is installed Range Status auto range only Internal Te...

Страница 92: ...Instrument Controls I O Configuration Analog Input Config ANALOG INPUT CONFIG CHANNEL 1 IN1 CHANNEL 2 IN2 CHANNEL 3 IN3 CHANNEL 4 IN4 CHANNEL 5 IN5 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM ANALOG INPUT 01 CONFIG DESCRIPTOR IN1 UNITS V DECIMAL PLACES 2 TABLE POINTS 2 POINT 1 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM POINT 2 The Descriptor screen allows the user to enter the descriptor or name for the selected analog input channel The de...

Страница 93: ...0123456789 SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Decimal Places screen allows the user to select how many digits are displayed to the right of the decimal from 0 to 6 with a default of 2 In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls I O Configuration Analog Input Config Select Channel Decimal Places DECIMAL PLACES CURRENTLY 2 SET TO 3 CHANGE VALUE SAVE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Number of Table Points...

Страница 94: ...dividual table point In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls I O Configuration Analog Input Config Select Channel Point 1 10 TABLE POINT 01 CONFIG VOLTS 0 00 USER VALUE 0 00 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Volts screen allows the user to set the input voltage for the selected table point in the conversion table from 0 00 to 10 50 The default table is a two point table with point 1 0 00 V 000 0 U and...

Страница 95: ...put signal due to internal instrument temperature variations The effects of internal instrument temperature changes on the analyzer s subsystems and output have been empirically determined This empirical data is used to compensate for any changes in temperature This compensation can be used for special applications or when operating the instrument outside the recommended temperature range even tho...

Страница 96: ...IAGS ALARM The O2 Compensation screen is used to turn oxygen compensation on or off When O2 compensation is enabled the following equation is applied to the concentration value to generate a corrected value CO COR The corrected value may be output on the analog outputs stored in logging memory or output as streaming data The corrected values are not displayed on the Run screen on the front panel o...

Страница 97: ...aced the contrast may need to be reset Note If the display contrast is not optimal but the content on the screen is visible select Instrument Controls Screen Contrast and adjust the screen contrast If the content on the screen is not visible use the set contrast 10 C Link command to set the screen contrast to mid range then optimize the contrast See contrast levels in Appendix B C Link Protocol Co...

Страница 98: ...battery when instrument power is off In the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Date Time The Timezone screen is used to set the timezone for the Network Time Protocol NTP server This should be set to the timezone that the instrument is located in If the exact timezone is not shown in the list it may be entered via the C LINK tz command see Appendix B The selections are UTC GMT EST GMT 5 CST GMT ...

Страница 99: ...ed if the I O expansion board option is installed The O2 Sensor Readings screen is only displayed if the internal O2 sensor option is installed In the Main Menu choose Diagnostics DIAGNOSTICS PROGRAM VERSIONS VOLTAGES TEMPERATURES PRESSURE FLOW RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM SAMPLE REF RATIO AGC INTENSITY MOTOR SPEED O2 SENSOR READINGS ANALOG INPUT READINGS ANALOG INPUT VOLTAGES DIGITAL INPUTS RELAY STATES...

Страница 100: ...tics Voltages VOLTAGES MOTHERBOARD INTERFACE BOARD I O BOARD RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Motherboard screen read only is used to display the current voltage readings on the motherboard In the Main Menu choose Diagnostics Voltages Motherboard Voltages MOTHERBOARD VOLTAGES 3 3 SUPPLY 3 3 V 5 0 SUPPLY 5 0 V 15 0 SUPPLY 15 0 V 24 0 SUPPLY 24 1 V 3 3 SUPPLY 3 3 V RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Interface Board...

Страница 101: ...oose Diagnostics Voltages I O Board Voltages I O BOARD VOLTAGES 3 3 SUPPLY 3 3 V 5 0 SUPPLY 5 0 V 24 0 SUPPLY 24 0 V 3 3 SUPPLY 3 3 V RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Temperatures screen read only displays the current internal instrument temperature and bench temperature The internal temperature is the air temperature measured by a sensor located on the interface board In the Main Menu choose Diagnostics...

Страница 102: ...sample wavelength and reference wavelength of the bandpass filter wheel Normally when zero air is being sampled the sample reference ratio is between 1 14 and 1 18 A ratio outside may indicate that the filter wheel is dirty or the infrared source is degraded In the Main Menu choose Diagnostics Sample Ref Ratio SAMPLE REFERENCE RATIO S R 1 161111 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The AGC Intensity screen read ...

Страница 103: ...se Diagnostics Motor Speed MOTOR SPEED SPEED 100 00 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The O2 Sensor Readings screen read only displays the measured oxygen concentration in percent and the oxygen sensor temperature in degrees C This screen is only visible if the internal O2 sensor option is installed In the Main Menu choose Diagnostics O2 Sensor Readings O2 CONC 15 02 TEMP 30 2 o C RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The An...

Страница 104: ...tal Inputs screen read only displays the state of the 16 digital inputs Pull ups are provided on all of the inputs so if nothing is connected they will read 1 if an input is brought to ground it will read 0 In the Main Menu choose Diagnostics Digital Inputs DIGITAL INPUTS INPUT 1 1 INPUT 2 1 INPUT 3 1 INPUT 4 1 INPUT 5 1 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Relay States screen displays the state of the 10 di...

Страница 105: ...utputs screen contains three choices Set to full scale set to zero or reset to normal Full scale sets the analog outputs to the full scale voltage zero sets the analog outputs to 0 volts and reset returns the output to normal operation The analog outputs are returned to normal operation upon exiting this screen The following example shows the screen when all analog outputs are set to normal operat...

Страница 106: ... The Alarms menu displays a list of items that are monitored by the analyzer If the item being monitored goes outside the lower or upper limit the status of that item will go from OK to either LOW or HIGH respectively If the alarm is not a level alarm the status will go from OK to FAIL The number of alarms detected is displayed to indicate how many alarms have occurred If no alarms are detected th...

Страница 107: ...nal Temperature screen displays the current internal temperature and sets the minimum and maximum alarm limits Acceptable alarm limits range from 8 to 47 C If the internal temperature reading goes beyond either the minimum or maximum limit an alarm is activated and the alarm bell icon appears in the status bar on the Run screen and in the Main Menu In the Main Menu choose Alarms Internal Temp INTE...

Страница 108: ...n the Main Menu choose Alarms Bench Temp BENCH TEMPERATURE ACTUAL 48 4 o C MIN 40 0 o C MAX 59 0 o C RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Minimum Bench Temperature alarm limit screen is used to change the minimum bench temperature alarm limit The minimum and maximum bench temperature screens function the same way In the Main Menu choose Alarms Bench Temp Min or Max BENCH TEMPERATURE ACTUAL MIN 40 0 o C SET M...

Страница 109: ...ion the same way In the Main Menu choose Alarms Pressure Min or Max PRESSURE ACTUAL MIN 246 0 mmHg SET MIN TO 500 0 mmHg INC DEC SAVE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Sample Flow screen displays the current sample flow reading and sets the minimum and maximum alarm limits Acceptable alarm limits range from 350 to 1 500 L min If the sample flow reading goes beyond either the minimum or maximum limit...

Страница 110: ...larm limits range from 130 to 100 volts If the bias voltage reading goes beyond either the minimum or maximum limit an alarm is activated and the alarm bell icon appears in the status bar on the Run screen and in the Main Menu In the Main Menu choose Alarms Bias Voltage BIAS VOLTAGE ACTUAL 110 V MIN 130 V MAX 100 V RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Minimum Bias Voltage alarm limit screen is used to change...

Страница 111: ...AGC Intensity AGC INTENSITY ACTUAL 196646 Hz MIN 150000 Hz MAX 300000 Hz RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Minimum AGC Intensity alarm limit screen is used to change the minimum AGC intensity alarm limit The minimum and maximum AGC Intensity screens function the same way In the Main Menu choose Alarms AGC Intensity Min or Max AGC INTENSITY ACTUAL MIN 150000 Hz SET MIN TO 200000 Hz INC DEC SAVE VALUE RANGE...

Страница 112: ...T 200 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Max Zero Check Offset screen is used to change the maximum zero check offset The maximum zero and span offset screens function the same way In the Main Menu choose Alarms Zero or Span Check Max Offset MAX ZERO CHECK OFFSET CURRENTLY 0 200 SET TO 00005 000 MOVE CURSOR CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Zero and Span Auto Calibration screens read only allow t...

Страница 113: ...ration goes above the minimum value If the CO concentration goes beyond either the minimum or maximum limit an alarm is activated and the alarm bell icon appears in the status bar on the Run screen and in the Main Menu In the Main Menu choose Alarms Concentration CONCENTRATION ACTUAL 0 000 MIN 10000 MAX 10000 MIN TRIGGER CEILING RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Minimum Concentration alarm limit screen is...

Страница 114: ...Alarm screen displays the current oxygen concentration and sets the minimum and maximum alarm limits Acceptable alarm limits range from 0 00 to 100 00 with defaults of 25 00 minimum and maximum If the O2 concentration goes above either the minimum or maximum limit an alarm is activated This alarm is only visible if the internal O2 sensor option is installed In the Main Menu choose Alarms O2 Concen...

Страница 115: ...in Menu choose Alarms O2 Concentration Min Trigger MIN TRIG CEILING FLOOR ACTUAL TRIGGER CEILING SET TRIGGER TO FLOOR TOGGLE AND SAVE VALUE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The External Alarms menu is used to display the external alarm status for alarm 1 2 and 3 only if the external alarm is assigne as a digital input External alarms can be assigned to digital inputs using the Instruments Controls I O Config...

Страница 116: ...w concentrations The O2 Correction Concentration menu item is only displayed if the O2 correction option is installed In the Main Menu choose Service SERVICE RANGE MODE SELECT PRESSURE CALIBRATION FLOW CALIBRATION INITIAL S R RATIO MULTIPOINT CAL RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM LO MULTIPOINT CAL HI MULTIPOINT CAL PREAMP BOARD CAL TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION ANALOG OUT CAL ANALOG INPUT CAL O2 CORRECTION CONC DIL...

Страница 117: ...er The pressure sensor s zero counts and span slope are displayed on the menu Note This adjustment should only be performed by an instrument service technician In the Main Menu choose Service Pressure Calibration PRESSURE SENSOR CAL ZERO 200 SPAN 1 2200 SET DEFAULTS RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Calibrate Pressure Zero screen calibrates the pressure sensor at zero pressure Note A vacuum pump must be c...

Страница 118: ...nt pressure and enter the value on this screen before calibrating Note Wait at least 30 seconds for the reading to stabilize before saving the value In the Main Menu choose Service Pressure Calibration Span CALIBRATE PRESSURE SPAN CURRENTLY 753 0 mmHg SET TO 760 0 mmHg MOVE CURSOR CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Restore Default Pressure Calibration screen allows the user to reset the p...

Страница 119: ...ose Service Flow Calibration FLOW SENSOR CAL ZERO 200 SPAN 1 0000 SET DEFAULTS RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Calibrate Flow Zero screen calibrates the flow sensor at zero flow Note The pump must be disconnected before performing the zero calibration Note Wait at least 30 seconds for the reading to stabilize before saving the value In the Main Menu choose Service Flow Calibration Zero CALIBRATE FLOW ZE...

Страница 120: ...ts In the Main Menu choose Service Flow Calibration Set Defaults The Initial Sample Reference S R Ratio screen displays both the initial S R ratio and the current S R ratio The initial S R ratio is determined at the factory and is used to correct for the slight variations found from one correlation wheel to another The only time the initial S R ratio should be changed is when the correlation wheel...

Страница 121: ...lti point calibration screen in single range mode In dual or auto range modes HI or LO is displayed to indicate the calibration of the high or low concentrations and function the same way Note This adjustment should only be performed by an instrument service technician In the Main Menu choose Service Multipoint Calibration MULTI POINT CAL CALIBRATE POINT 1 CALIBRATE POINT 2 CALIBRATE POINT 3 COEFF...

Страница 122: ...icients screen allows the user to view and reset the calibration coefficients to default values In the Main Menu choose Service Multipoint Cal select Cal Point Default Coefficients COEFFICIENTS 1 1 00000 2 1 00000 3 1 00000 SET TO DEFAULTS RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Pre amp Board Calibration screen is used to adjust the preamp board calibration parameters The preamp board calibration screen is visi...

Страница 123: ...should only be performed by an instrument service technician Note Wait at least 30 seconds for the reading to stabilize before saving the value In the Main Menu choose Service Temperature Calibration CALIBRATE AMBIENT TEMP CURRENTLY 32 3 o C SET TO 032 5 o C MOVE CURSOR CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Analog Output Calibration menu provides access to the 6 voltage channels and 6 curren...

Страница 124: ... or 4 mA for a current channel depending on the selected range See the set output to field on the display In the Main Menu choose Service Analog Out Cal select Channel Calibrate Zero ANALOG OUTPUT CAL ZERO CONNECT METER TO OUTPUT SELECTED OUTPUT V1 SET TO 100 SAVE VALUE INC DEC SET OUTPUT TO 0 0 V RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Analog Output Calibrate Full Scale screen allows the user to calibrate the ...

Страница 125: ...e instrument is in service mode For more information on the service mode see Service Mode earlier in the chapter Note This adjustment should only be performed by an instrument service technician In the Main Menu choose Service Analog Input Cal ANALOG INPUT CAL INPUT CHANNEL 1 INPUT CHANNEL 2 INPUT CHANNEL 3 INPUT CHANNEL 4 INPUT CHANNEL 5 RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM ANALOG INPUT CAL CALIBRATE ZERO CALIB...

Страница 126: ...lues range from 0 to 20 9 When O2 compensation is enabled the following equation is applied to all of the concentration values to generate corrected values CO COR The corrected values may be output on the analog outputs stored in logging memory or output as streaming data The corrected values are not displayed on the Run screen on the front panel only the non corrected values 2 9 20 2 9 20 2 O O C...

Страница 127: ...the service mode see Service Mode earlier in the chapter In the Main Menu choose Service Dilution Ratio DILUTION RATIO CURRENTLY 001 00 1 SET TO 002 00 1 MOVE CURSOR CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Setup Run Screens menu is used to define and edit up to five custom Run screens When the instrument is turned on screen 1 or zero is the default screen The Setup Run Screens menu is visible ...

Страница 128: ...ents of the title bar on the selected Custom Run screen In the Main Menu choose Service Setup Run Screens select a Run Screen Edit Title EDIT RUN SCREEN TITLE DIAGNOSTICS ABCDEFGHIJKLMN BKSP OPQRSTUVWXYZ PAGE 0123456789 SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Enabled screen is used to toggle the selected custom Run screen On or Off When a Run screen is On it will be displayed when using to scroll through t...

Страница 129: ...displays the items in the small font In the Main Menu choose Service Setup Run Screens select a Run Screen Number of Items SET NUMBER OF ITEMS CURRENTLY 5 SET TO 4 CHANGE VALUE SAVE RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Select Run Screen Item screen is used to assign a selected parameter to a position in the Run screen display list Choices are Concentrations Corrected Concentrations if the O2 compensation opt...

Страница 130: ... Service Setup Run Screen select a Run Screen select Run Screen Item Concentrations CONCENTRATIONS NONE CO LO CO HI CO RANGE STATUS RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM O2 The Corrected Concentrations screen is used to display a list of corrected concentration parameters that can be specified for the selected item number The selected item is shown by after it In dual or auto range mode HI or LO is displayed to i...

Страница 131: ...SPEED BIAS SUPPLY EXT ALARMS O2 SENS TEMP The Analog Inputs screen is used to display a list of analog inputs none or analog inputs 1 8 that can be specified for the selected item number The selected item is shown by after it In the Main Menu choose Service Setup Run Screen select a Run Screen select Run Screen Item Analog Inputs ANALOG INPUTS NONE ANALOG IN 1 ANALOG IN 2 ANALOG IN 3 ANALOG IN 4 R...

Страница 132: ...sword protection If the instrument is locked none of the settings may be changed via the front panel user interface but they can still be changed via remote operation When the front panel is locked the user can still navigate the menu and view data instrument parameters and settings but nothing can be changed The password lock icon on the right side of the status bar indicates that the password lo...

Страница 133: ...sword Lock Instrument LOCK FRONT PANEL XXXPRESSING ENTER WILLXXXX PREVENT USER FROM CHANGING XCONFIG FROM FRONT PANELXX LOCK AND RETURN TO RUN RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM If the instrument keyboard is locked via the front panel using Password Lock Instrument the instrument reports being in Remote mode In this mode the keypad is locked data can be viewed but not changed using the front panel interface an...

Страница 134: ...d and disable password protection The remove password screen is shown if the instrument is unlocked and the password is set In the Main Menu choose Password Remove Password REMOVE PASSWORD XXXPRESSING ENTER WILLXXXX XREMOVE CURRENT PASSWORDXX XXXAND DISABLE LOCKINGXXXX REMOVE PASSWORD RANGE AVG DIAGS ALARM The Unlock Instrument screen is used to enter the password to unlock the front panel The unl...

Страница 135: ...proved gas manufacturer s Certified Reference Material CRM A recommended protocol for certifying CO gas cylinders against a CO SRM or CRM is given in the Quality Assurance Handbook1 The CO gas cylinder should be recertified on a regular basis determined by the local quality control program Calibration requires zero air that is free of contaminants which will cause a detectable response on the CO a...

Страница 136: ...air dryer or removing water vapor with a permeation dryer are three possible approaches The last step in the generation of the zero air is the removal of the remaining contaminants by either further reaction or absorption Fixed bed reactors are usually employed In order to obtain an accurate dilution ratio in the dilution method used for calibration the flow rates must be regulated to 1 and be mea...

Страница 137: ...uration and less than the span duration Note The calibration and calibration check duration times should be long enough to account for the transition purge process when switching from sample to zero and from zero to span This transition time is the time required to purge the existing air Note Depending on the plumbing configuration and the instrument data from approximately the first minute of a z...

Страница 138: ...ntrollers have a positive shut off it might be necessary to disconnect the CO input line and cap it 3 Allow the instrument to sample zero air until a stable reading is obtained 4 Press and choose Calibration Cal Background 5 In the Cal Background screen press to set the CO reading to zero If a strip chart recorder is used to obtain a record of the analog output it is recommended that the system be...

Страница 139: ...standard ppm FCO flow rate of CO standard corrected to 25 C and 760 mmHg L min FD flow rate of dilution air corrected to 25 C and 760 mmHg L min 2 Allow the instrument to sample this CO concentration standard until a stable response is obtained 3 From the Main Menu choose Calibration Cal Coef The first line of the display shows the current CO concentration reading The second line of the display sh...

Страница 140: ...ressure Record the response in percent of scale as AO Compute the zero drift from the following equation Drift Zero AO Z Where Z is the recorder response obtained at the last calibration for zero air scale 2 Periodically challenging the instrument with a CO level of approximately 80 of the URL The 80 URL level may be obtained by dilution of a higher level of CO using a system similar to that of Fi...

Страница 141: ... range Cal point 2 50 of range Cal point 3 20 or range Note If performing a multi point calibration after a bad calibration or changing ranges it is recommended to start off with default values for the Cal point coefficients To set default values from the Main Menu select Service Mode Hi Multi Point Cal or Lo Multi Point Cal From Hi or Lo Multi Point Cal select Default Coef and press The instrumen...

Страница 142: ...nt Cal Cal Point 1 4 Use to move the cursor and to increment or decrement the digit values until they match the concentration being introduced to the instrument Press The instrument will perform a series of calculations and save the new parameters 5 Press to back up a step in the Service Mode menu 6 Repeat Step 1 for a 50 concentration of the upper range 7 Select Cal Point 2 8 Use to move the curs...

Страница 143: ...ugh 12 for Hi Multi Point Cal 1 Section 12 of EPA 454 R 98 004 Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems Volume II Part 1 August 1998 available at www epa gov ttn amtic qabook html and 40 CFR 50 Appendix C Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere Non Dispersive Infrared Photometry Section 12 also provides inform...

Страница 144: ......

Страница 145: ... checking the calibration of the pressure and temperature transducers should be performed on a regular basis This chapter includes the following maintenance information and replacement procedures Safety Precautions on page 5 1 Replacement Parts on page 5 2 Cleaning the Outside Case on page 5 2 Cleaning the Optics on page 5 2 IR Source Replacement on page 5 3 Fan Filter Inspection and Cleaning on p...

Страница 146: ...he case Equipment Damage Do not use solvents or other cleaning products to clean the outside case Best results are obtained when the optics are cleaned prior to calibration The cleanliness of the mirrors should be checked any time the AGC intensity is below 200 000 Hz since one cause of low output is light attenuation due to dirt on the mirrors Equipment Damage Some internal components can be dama...

Страница 147: ...asily replaced it is recommended that the IR source be replaced after one year of continuous use This will prevent loss of data due to IR source failure If an IR source is to be replaced on an as needed basis it should be replaced when There is no light output After cleaning the optics the IR light intensities remain below 100 000 Hz It is not necessary to recalibrate the Model 48i after replacing...

Страница 148: ...ress to display the Diagnostics menu 4 Press to move the cursor to Flow and press to display the Sample Flow screen The flow reading should indicate zero flow and the pressure reading should be less than 250 mmHg If not check to see that all fittings are tight and that none of the input lines are cracked or broken For detailed information about this screen refer to the Operation chapter If the pum...

Страница 149: ...lder model pump following this procedure To replace the pump see Pump Replacement on page 7 20 Equipment Required Flatblade screwdriver Pump rebuild kit flapper valve and diaphragm Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn instrument OFF unplug ...

Страница 150: ...on metallic tool to pry up the diaphragm from the housing groove Unscrew the old diaphragm by turning it counterclockwise using both hands DO NOT use tools Note Take care not to lose the shim rings positioned between the diaphragm support cup and connecting rod as the same shim rings must be used during re assembly While unscrewing the diaphragm with one hand use your other hand to secure the supp...

Страница 151: ...Preventive Maintenance Pump Rebuilding Thermo Fisher Scientific Model 48i Instruction Manual 5 7 Figure 5 2 Rebuilding the Pump New Technology ...

Страница 152: ...ed diaphragm stud into the connecting rod This helps to prevent the small parts from falling off the stud 2 Turn the fan until the diaphragm is flat across mid point of the stroke With the diaphragm centered over the compressor housing firmly seat the diaphragm edge into the compressor housing groove 3 Place the clean bottom plate onto the compressor housing using the reference mark made earlier t...

Страница 153: ...both lines going to the pump 3 Remove the four screws from the top plate remove top plate flapper valve and the bottom plate 4 Remove the screw securing the diaphragm to piston and remove diaphragm 5 Assemble the pump by following the previous steps in reverse make sure the Teflon white side of the diaphragm is facing up and that the flapper valves cover the holes of the top and bottom plate 6 Per...

Страница 154: ......

Страница 155: ...also be consulted in the event of problems See Service Locations on page 6 20 for contact information In any correspondence with the factory please note both the serial number and program number of the instrument This chapter provides the following troubleshooting and service support information Safety Precautions on page 6 1 Troubleshooting Guides on page 6 1 Board Level Connection Diagrams on pa...

Страница 156: ...ses visually or with a multimeter Bad switch or wiring connection Unplug the power cord disconnect the switch and check operation with a multimeter Pressure transducer does not hold calibration or is noisy Pressure transducer defective Replace pressure transducer Run output noisy Recorder noise Replace or repair recorder Sample CO concentration varying Run instrument on a span CO source if quiet t...

Страница 157: ...ation Check the pump for a tear in the diaphragm replace with pump repair kit if necessary Refer to Preventive Maintenance chapter in this manual Check that capillaries are properly installed and O rings are in good shape Replace if necessary Check flow system for leaks Alarm Flow Flow low Check sample capillary 0 015 inch ID for blockage Replace as necessary If using sample particulate filter mak...

Страница 158: ...it Check to insure range corresponds with expected value If not select proper range Concentration low Check user defined low set point set to zero Alarm Zero Check Alarm Span Check Instrument out of calibration Recalibrate instrument Alarm Zero Autocal Alarm Span Autocal Check gas supply Perform manual calibration Alarm Motherboard Status Alarm Interface Status Alarm I O Exp Status Internal cables...

Страница 159: ...ams 2 Pin P1 DIGITAL OUTPUTS 24V D C P O W E RSU P P LY MO THE RBO AR D D IG ITALO U TP U T BO AR D I OE XP ANSIO N BO AR D J14 J3 F R O NT P ANE L BO AR D J1 LCD DISPLAY KEY PANEL J18 J2 J4 J3 J1 J10 J17 PJ1 PJ3 PJ2 FRONT PANEL POWER SW 16 Pin 4 Pin 8 Pin 34 Pin 3 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin PJ6 3 Pin IPJ8 3 Pin 8 Pin 11 Pin 2 Pin EXPANSION RS485 ANALOG OUTPUTS DIGITAL INPUTS P1 A P1 B RS232 RS48...

Страница 160: ... 2 Pin 2 Pin J16 SPAN2 SOL SAMPLE SOL 2 Pin J15 J14 2 Pin ZERO SPAN SOL J13 FAN 2 Pin J19 2 Pin J20 FAN SW1 2 Pin J21 FAN SW2 3 Pin PURGE FLOW SW J11 4 Pin CHOPPER MOTOR J8 O2 SENSOR Optional 16 Pin J12 AMBIENT TEMP THERM 2 Pin J5 3 Pin OPTICAL PICKUP J6 4 Pin CHAMBER PRESSURE 5 Pin SAMPLE FLOW J9 J10 PREAMP BOARD 12 Pin J7 4 Cond IR DETECTOR 2 Cond IR SOURCE AC O2 Not Used 3 Pin J2 AC Figure 6 2 ...

Страница 161: ...age 6 14 I O Expansion Board Optional Connector Pin Descriptions on page 6 16 Digital Output Board Connector Pin Descriptions on page 6 17 Pre amp Board Connector Pin Descriptions on page 6 19 Table 6 3 Motherboard Connector Pin Descriptions Connector Label Reference Designator Pin Signal Description INTF DATA J1 1 Ground 2 RS485 to Interface Board 3 RS485 to Interface Board 10 BASE T J2 1 Etherne...

Страница 162: ...5 Digital Ground 6 TTL Input 5 7 TTL Input 7 8 TTL Input 8 9 TTL Input 10 10 Ground 11 TTL Input 13 12 TTL Input 15 13 Digital Ground 14 Analog Voltage 1 15 Analog Voltage 3 16 Analog Ground 17 Analog Voltage 5 18 Analog Ground 19 Analog Ground 20 Power Fail Relay COM 21 Power Fail Relay N O Contact 22 Digital Ground 23 TTL Input 3 24 TTL Input 4 25 TTL Input 6 26 Digital Ground 27 TTL Input 9 28 ...

Страница 163: ...Ground 36 Analog Voltage 6 37 Analog Ground VOLTAGE TEST J6 1 5V 2 3 3V 15V 15V SER EN J7 1 Serial Enable Jumper 2 3 3V 24V IN J10 1 24V 2 Ground RESET PROC J12 1 Reset Proc 2 Ground DIGITAL I O J14 1 5V 2 24V 3 24V 4 Ground 5 Ground 6 Ground 7 SPI Reset 8 SPI Input 9 SPI Output 10 SPI Board Select 11 SPI Clock EXT RS485 J15 1 RS485 to Rear Panel 2 RS485 to Rear Panel 3 5V 4 5V 5 5V 6 Ground 7 Gro...

Страница 164: ...er Monitor 2 Ground FRONT PANEL BD J18 1 Ground 2 Ground 3 LCLK LCD Signal 4 Ground 5 Ground 6 LLP LCD Signal 7 LFLM LCD Signal 8 LD4 LCD Signal 9 LD0 LCD Signal 10 LD5 LCD Signal 11 LD1 LCD Signal 12 LD6 LCD Signal 13 LD2 LCD Signal 14 LD7 LCD Signal 15 LD3 LCD Signal 16 LCD Bias Voltagel 17 5V 18 Ground 19 Ground 20 LCD_ONOFF LCD Signal 21 Keypad Row 2 Input 22 Keypad Row 1 Input 23 Keypad Row 4...

Страница 165: ...und 30 Ground 31 Ground 32 Ground 33 24V 34 24V RS232 RS485 A P1 A 1 NC 2 Serial Port 1 RX RS485 IN 3 Serial Port 1 TX RS485 OUT 4 NC 5 Ground 6 NC 7 Serial Port 1 RTS RS485 OUT 8 Serial Port 1 CTS RS485 IN 9 NC RS232 RS485 B P1 B 1 NC 2 Serial Port 2 RX RS485 IN 3 Serial Port 2 TX RS485 OUT 4 NC 5 Ground 6 NC 7 Serial Port 2 RTS RS485 OUT 8 Serial Port 2 CTS RS485 IN 9 NC AC IN PJ1 1 AC HOT 2 AC ...

Страница 166: ...or Label Reference Designator Pin Signal Description AC IN J1 1 AC HOT 2 AC NEUT 3 AC Ground AC O2 J2 1 AC HOT 2 AC NEUT 3 AC Ground AC PUMP J3 1 AC HOT 2 AC NEUT 3 AC Ground AC BENCH J4 1 Bench Thermistor 2 Ground 3 AC HOT 4 Bench Heater AC Control AMB TEMP J5 1 Ambient Temperature Thermistor 2 Ground OPT J6 1 Optical Pickup Input 2 Ground 3 Optical Pickup Source Drive PREAMP BD J7 1 Preamp Signa...

Страница 167: ...DRV J8 1 Motor Drive Voltage 1 2 Motor Drive Voltage 2 3 Motor Drive Voltage 3 4 Motor Drive Voltage 4 PRES J9 1 Chamber Pressure Sensor Input 2 Ground 3 15V 4 15V FLOW J10 1 Sample Flow Sensor Input 2 Ground 3 15V 4 15V 5 Ground FLOW SW J11 1 NC 2 Ground 3 Purge Flow Input O2 SENS J12 1 NC 2 NC 3 NC 4 NC 5 Ground 6 5V 7 NC 8 NC 9 Ground 10 Analog Input O2 Sensor 11 NC 12 NC 13 NC 14 Analog Input ...

Страница 168: ...lenoid Control SPAN2 J16 1 24V 2 Span 2 Solenoid Control DATA J17 1 Ground 2 RS485 from Motherboard 3 RS485 from Motherboard 24V IN J18 1 24V Input 2 Ground FAN J19 1 24V Fused 2 Ground FAN SW1 J20 1 24V Fused 2 Fan Control FAN SW2 J21 1 24V Fused 2 Fan Control Table 6 5 Front Panel Board Connector Pin Diagram Connector Label Reference Designator Pin Signal Description MOTHERBOARD J1 1 Ground 2 Gr...

Страница 169: ...CD Signal 16 LCD Bias Voltagel 17 5V 18 Ground 19 Ground 20 LCD_ONOFF LCD Signal 21 Keypad Row 2 Input 22 Keypad Row 1 Input 23 Keypad Row 4 Input 24 Keypad Row 3 Input 25 Keypad Col 2 Select 26 Keypad Col 1 Select 27 Keypad Col 4 Select 28 Keypad Col 3 Select 29 Ground 30 Ground 31 Ground 32 Ground 33 24V 34 24V LCD DATA J2 1 LD0_5V LCD Signal 2 LD1_5V LCD Signal 3 LD2_5V LCD Signal 4 LD3_5V LCD ...

Страница 170: ... Row 4 Input 5 Keypad Col 1 Select 6 Keypad Col 2 Select 7 Keypad Col 3 Select 8 Keypad Col 4 Select LCD BACKLIGHT J4 1 5V Supply 2 NC 3 Ground Table 6 6 I O Expansion Board Optional Connector Pin Descriptions Connector Label Reference Designator Pin Signal Description EXPANSION I O J1 1 Analog Voltage Input 1 2 Analog Voltage Input 2 3 Analog Voltage Input 3 4 Ground 5 Analog Voltage Input 4 6 An...

Страница 171: ...t Output Return 19 Current Output 3 20 Current Output Return 21 Current Output 4 22 Current Output Return 23 Current Output 5 24 Current Output Return 25 Current Output 6 MOTHER BD J2 1 5V 2 24V 3 24V 4 Ground 5 Ground 6 Ground 7 RS485 to Motherboard 8 RS485 to Motherboard Table 6 7 Digital Output Board Connector Pin Descriptions Connector Label Reference Designator Pin Signal Description MOTHER B...

Страница 172: ...y 6 Contact a 7 Relay 7 Contact a 8 Relay 8 Contact a 9 Relay 9 Contact a 10 Relay 10 Contact a 11 NC 12 Solenoid Drive Output 1 13 Solenoid Drive Output 2 14 Solenoid Drive Output 3 15 Solenoid Drive Output 4 16 Solenoid Drive Output 5 17 Solenoid Drive Output 6 18 Solenoid Drive Output 7 19 Solenoid Drive Output 8 20 Relay 1 Contact b 21 Relay 2 Contact b 22 Relay 3 Contact b 23 Relay 4 Contact ...

Страница 173: ...5 24V 36 24V 37 24V Table 6 8 Pre amp Board Connector Pin Descriptions Connector Label Signal Description OUT Preamp Signal Output SH Ground for Shield BLK Ground GRN SPI Data Out ORG SPI CLK VIO SPI CS BLU 15V BRN 5V RED 18V for IR Source WHT 100V BLK 18V for IR Source YEL IR Source Return YEL IR Detector Return RED IR Detector Cooler BLK IR Detector Cooler WHT IR Detector WHT IR Detector ...

Страница 174: ...fic For additional assistance service is available from exclusive distributors worldwide Contact one of the phone numbers below for product support and technical information or visit us on the web at www thermo com aqi 1 866 282 0430 Toll Free 1 508 520 0430 International Service Locations ...

Страница 175: ...unctions that are useful when making adjustments or diagnosing problems For additional service assistance see Service Locations on page 7 41 This chapter includes the following parts information and component replacement procedures Safety Precautions on page 7 3 Firmware Updates on page 7 4 Accessing the Service Mode on page 7 4 Replacement Parts List on page 5 2 Cable List on page 7 6 External De...

Страница 176: ...5 Capillary Cleaning or Replacement on page 7 26 Optional Zero Span and Sample Solenoid Valve Replacement on page 7 27 Analog Output Testing on page 7 28 Analog Output Calibration on page 7 30 Analog Input Calibration on page 7 31 Ambient Temperature Calibration on page 7 33 I O Expansion Board Optional Replacement on page 7 34 Internal O2 Sensor Optional Replacement on page 7 36 Digital Output Bo...

Страница 177: ... small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component Figure 7 1 If an antistatic wrist strap is not available be sure to touch the instrument chassis before touching any internal components When the instrument is unplugged the chassis is not at earth ground Do not remove the LCD panel or frame from the LCD module The LCD...

Страница 178: ...e to display it 1 From the Main Menu choose Instrument Controls Service Mode The Service Mode screen appears 2 Press to toggle the Service Mode to ON 3 Press to return to the Main Menu 4 Return to the procedure Table 7 1 lists the replacement parts for the Model 48i major subassemblies Refer to Table 7 2 to identify the component location Table 7 1 Model 48i Replacement Parts Part Number Descripti...

Страница 179: ...Plate and Fittings 108002 00 Pump Repair Kit new technology pump 8606 Pump Repair Kit 101055 00 AC Receptacle Assembly 101681 00 Power Supply Assembly 24VDC w Base Plate and Screws 100907 00 Fan 24VDC 4510 Fuse 250VAC 3 0 Amp SlowBlow for 100VAC and 110VAC models 14007 Fuse 250VAC 1 60 Amp SlowBlow for 220 240VAC models 7336 Capillary 0 018 inch ID 8630 Filter Guard Assembly w foam 7361 I R Source...

Страница 180: ... Fan Power Cable 104686 00 Cable O2 Sensor optional Table 7 3 lists the standard and optional cables and components used for connecting external devices such as PCs and data loggers to an iSeries instrument Table 7 3 External Device Connection Components Part Number Description 102562 00 Terminal Block and Cable Kit DB25 optional 102556 00 Terminal Block and Cable Kit DB37 optional 102645 00 Cable...

Страница 181: ...Front Panel Board Optical Bench Thermistor Front Panel Flow Transducer Pump Motherboard Pressure Transducer Measurement Interface Board Motor and Wheel Assy Fan Detector Assy and Pre Amp I O Expansion Board Opt Digital Output Board IR Source Cover Power Supply O2 Sensor Optional Figure 7 2 Component Layout ...

Страница 182: ... when a procedure requires lowering the partition panel see Figure 7 3 Figure 7 3 Removing the Measurement Case Assembly and Lowering the Partition Panel Equipment Required Philips screwdriver Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instru...

Страница 183: ...e measurement case assembly from the rear of the case 9 Remove the screw at the top rear of the partition panel that secures the top of the panel to the measurement case assembly and lower the panel being careful not to put excessive tension on the cables 10 Re install the measurement case assembly by following the previous steps in reverse Use the following procedure to replace the fuses Equipmen...

Страница 184: ...while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Remove the fan guard and filter from the rear of the instrument by unsnapping it 3 If the fan is not being replaced install the new filter snap it into place and skip the remaining steps 4 If possible disconnect the fan power cable from the fan otherwise disconnect the cable from the measur...

Страница 185: ...ed antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Remove the two cover screws holding the IR source cover to the motor plate and remove the IR source cover Figure 7 5 3 Loosen both clamp screws from the IR source mounting posts and remove IR source 4 Install a new IR source by following the previous s...

Страница 186: ... filter wheel Equipment Required Filter wheel Allen wrenches 5 32 inch and 5 64 inch Philips screwdriver Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component Filter Wheel Replacement SEMS Nuts 4 Washers 2 IR Source Cover IR Source Mounts IR Source Motor Plate Acc...

Страница 187: ...rench through the access hole in the bottom of the motor plate loosen the set screw holding the filter wheel to the motor shaft and carefully pry the filter wheel off the motor shaft Figure 7 5 5 Install new filter wheel by following the previous steps in reverse Make sure that the set screw seats on the flat of the motor shaft 6 After the filter wheel is installed spin the wheel and observe that ...

Страница 188: ...ch Flatblade screwdriver Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Disconnect the chopper motor power cable from the MOT DRV connector on the measurement interface board 2 Follow the directions for Filter Wheel Replacement procedure up to and includi...

Страница 189: ...Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Disconnect the chopper motor cable from the MOT DRV connector on the measurement interface board and disconnect the detector cable from the PREAMP cable connector on the measurement interface board 3 Disconnect the plumbing connections from the optical bench 4 Remove the four screws holding the optical bench to the shock mounts a...

Страница 190: ...nal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Remove the optical bench following the Optical Bench Replacement procedure in this chapter 3 Turn the optical bench over remove the two screws securing the optical sw...

Страница 191: ...ment Required Bench heater Heat conductive compound Flatblade screwdriver 1 4 inch Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Remove the optical bench following the Optical Bench Rep...

Страница 192: ...nual Use the following procedure to replace the detector preamplifier assembly Figure 7 9 Equipment Required detector preamplifier assembly Allen wrenches 3 32 inch and 7 64 inch Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplu...

Страница 193: ...ve the detector assembly from the optical bench 5 Install the new detector assembly by following the previous steps in reverse 6 Calibrate the preamp board and then return to Step 7 to set S R Refer to the Preamp Board Calibration procedure that follows 7 Set S R as follows a From the Main Menu choose Service Initial S R Ratio The Initial S R Ratio screen appears b At the Initial S R Ratio screen ...

Страница 194: ...ce Preamp Board Calibration The Preamp Board Cal screen appears Note If Service Mode is not displayed refer to Accessing the Service Mode on page 7 4 then return to the beginning of this step 3 At the Preamp Board Cal screen use until either the Sample or Reference value reads more than 150 000 then press to save the value Use the following procedure to rebuild the pump Figure 7 10 Equipment Requi...

Страница 195: ... the pump assembly remove the two pump mounting screws located on the bottom side of the pump bracket and remove the bracket from the pump 6 Install the new pump by following the previous steps in reverse 7 Perform a leak test as described in the Preventive Maintenance chapter Figure 7 10 Replacing the Pump Use the following procedure to replace the pressure transducer Figure 7 11 Equipment Requir...

Страница 196: ...Disconnect the pressure transducer from the PRES connector on the measurement interface board 4 Remove the two pressure transducer assembly retaining screws and remove the pressure transducer assembly Figure 7 11 Figure 7 11 Replacing the Pressure Transducer 5 To install the pressure transducer assembly follow the previous steps in reverse 6 Calibrate the pressure transducer Refer to the Flow Tran...

Страница 197: ...service procedures in this manual are restricted to qualified service representatives If the equipment is operated in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal co...

Страница 198: ...he pressure value 10 Reconnect the instrument tubing to the pressure transducer 11 Install the cover Use the following procedure to replace the flow transducer Figure 7 12 Equipment Required Flow transducer Philips screwdriver 2 Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any ...

Страница 199: ...re to calibrate the flow transducer Equipment Required Calibrated flow sensor WARNING The service procedures in this manual are restricted to qualified service representatives If the equipment is operated in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electric...

Страница 200: ...ress to save the zero flow value 6 Reconnect the pump cable to the AC PUMP connector on the measurement interface board 7 Connect a calibrated flow sensor at the SAMPLE bulkhead on the rear panel 8 Press to return to the Flow Sensor Cal screen 9 At the Flow Sensor Cal screen press to select Span The Calibrate Flow Span screen appears 10 Wait at least 10 seconds for the reading to stabilize use and...

Страница 201: ...component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Remove the capillary from the inlet elbow fitting on the pump head Figure 7 13 Cleaning or Replacing the Capillary 3 Clean with less than 0 015 inch diameter wire or replace 4 Install the capillary by following the previous steps in reverse Use the following procedure to replace the solenoid Equipment Required Solenoi...

Страница 202: ...a leak test as described in the Preventive Maintenance chapter The analog outputs should be tested if the concentration value on the front panel display disagrees with the analog outputs To check the analog outputs connect a meter to an analog output channel voltage or current and compare the meter reading with the output value set on the Test Analog Outputs screen Equipment Required Multimeter Us...

Страница 203: ...uld be adjusted Refer to the Analog Output Calibration procedure that follows 6 Press to set the output to full scale The Output Set To line displays Full Scale 7 Check that the meter is displaying a full scale value If the meter reading differs by more than one percent of the full scale output the analog outputs should be adjusted Refer to the Analog Output Calibration procedure that follows 8 Pr...

Страница 204: ...Voltage Channel Pin Current Channel Pin 1 14 1 15 2 33 2 17 3 15 3 19 4 34 4 21 5 17 5 23 6 36 6 25 Ground 16 18 19 35 37 Current Output Return 16 18 20 22 24 Table 7 5 Analog Input Channels and Rear Panel Pin Connections Input Channel Pin 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 9 8 10 Ground 4 8 11 Use the following procedure to calibrate the analog outputs if a meter reading in the Analog Output Testing proce...

Страница 205: ...the cursor at Calibrate Zero press The Analog Output Cal line displays Zero Note When calibrating the analog output always calibrate zero first and then calibrate full scale 5 Use until the meter reads the value shown in the Set Output To line 0 0 V or 0 0 or 4 0 mA then press to save the value 6 Press to return to the previous screen 7 Press to select Calibrate Full Scale 8 Use until the meter re...

Страница 206: ...hannel to zero volts The screen displays 0 00 V as the voltage setting 5 Press to return to the Analog Input Cal screen and repeat Steps 2 through 4 to calibrate other input channels to zero as necessary 6 Continue with the Calibrating the Input Channels to Full Scale procedure that follows Use the following procedure to calibrate the input channels to full scale by applying a known voltage to the...

Страница 207: ...he instrument Equipment Required Calibrated thermometer or 10K ohm 1 resistor WARNING The service procedures in this manual are restricted to qualified service representatives If the equipment is operated in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electric...

Страница 208: ...econds for the ambient reading to stabilize use and to enter the known temperature and press to save the temperature value 5 Install the cover Use the following procedure to replace the optional I O expansion board Figure 7 15 Note After replacing the optional I O expansion board calibrate the current outputs and the analog voltage inputs See Analog Output Calibration on page 7 30 and Analog Input...

Страница 209: ...sion board connector to the rear panel Figure 7 16 4 Pop off the board from the mounting studs and remove the board 5 To install the I O expansion board follow the previous steps in reverse Figure 7 15 Replacing the I O Expansion Board Optional Figure 7 16 Rear Panel Board Connectors Motherboard Digital Output Board I O Expansion Board Opt Motherboard Support Bracket Mounting Studs Motherboard Sta...

Страница 210: ...n cable 3 Disconnect all plumbing connections from the oxygen sensor 4 Loosen the four captive screws holding the converter to the floor plate and move it to the front of the case 5 Loosen the three captive screws holding the oxygen sensor to the floor plate and remove the oxygen sensor 6 Install new oxygen sensor by following the previous steps in reverse Use the following procedure to replace th...

Страница 211: ...board follow the previous steps in reverse Use the following procedure to replace the motherboard Figure 7 15 Equipment Required Motherboard Philips screwdriver Nut driver 3 16 inch Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF un...

Страница 212: ...unded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Remove the measurement bench and lower the partition panel to gain access to the measurement interface board connectors and standoffs Refer to Removing the Measurement Case Assembly and Lowering the Partition Panel on page 7 8 2 Unplug all connectors from the measurement interface board Figure 7 17 Note the locations...

Страница 213: ...ctricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component 1 Turn the instrument OFF unplug the power cord and remove the cover 2 Remove the three ribbon cables and the two wire connector from the front panel board 3 Pop off the board from the two top mounting studs and remove the board by lifting it up and off the slotted bottom support 4 Replace the fr...

Страница 214: ... or clothes wash immediately using soap and water Equipment Damage Some internal components can be damaged by small amounts of static electricity A properly grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn while handling any internal component Do not remove the LCD panel or frame from the LCD module The LCD polarizing plate is very fragile handle it carefully Do not wipe the LCD polarizing plate with ...

Страница 215: ...ent 5 Replace the LCD module by following the previous steps in reverse Note The optimal contrast will change from one LCD screen to another After replacing the LCD screen the contrast may need to be reset If the content on the screen is visible select Instrument Controls Screen Contrast and adjust the screen contrast If the content on the screen is not visible use the set contrast 10 C Link comma...

Страница 216: ......

Страница 217: ... electronics and input output connections and functions as follows Hardware on page 8 1 Firmware on page 8 3 Electronics on page 8 5 I O Components on page 8 8 Model 48i hardware components Figure 8 1 include Optical bench Band pass filter Bench heater board Chopper motor Optical pickup Gas filter wheel Infrared source Pre amplifier assembly with IR detector Sample flow sensor Pressure transducer ...

Страница 218: ...e sample gas The bench includes mirrors that cause the infrared light from the infrared source to pass through the sample gas multiple times before reaching the infrared detector The band pass filter limits the light entering the optical bench to a narrow band of the infrared portion of the spectrum The bench heater board applies power to the bench heater resistors and transmits the bench temperat...

Страница 219: ...frared detector that detects the energy of the infrared light passing through the optical bench It amplifies the pulsating signal from the infrared detector The sample flow sensor located at the optical bench outlet measures the flow of sample through the optical bench The pressure transducer measures the pressure of the sample gas The capillary and the pump control the sample gas flow The pump dr...

Страница 220: ...gathered from the low level processors once per second and then processed by the high level processor to produce the final measurement values The one second accumulated counts are accumulated and reported for the user specified averaging time If this averaging time is greater than ten seconds the measurement is still reported every 10 seconds The one second average of the other analog inputs are r...

Страница 221: ...ys and or over I O connections on the rear panel The motherboard sends commands to the other boards to control the functions of the instrument and to collect measurement and diagnostic information The motherboard outputs instrument status and measurement data to the graphics display and to the rear panel I O The motherboard also contains I O circuitry and the associated connector to monitor extern...

Страница 222: ...sure sensor inputs Chopper motor output Optical pickup input Pre amp board Ambient temperature thermistor Purge flow switch input The flow sensor assembly consists of a board containing an instrumentation amplifier and a flow transducer with input and output gas fittings The flow transducer output is produced by measuring the pressure difference across a precision orifice This unit is used for mea...

Страница 223: ...nector located on the rear panel of the instrument Ten relay contacts normally open with power off are provided which are electrically isolated from each other Eight solenoid driver outputs open collector are provided along with a corresponding 24VDC supply pin on the connector The I O expansion board connects to the motherboard and adds the capability to input external analog voltage signals and ...

Страница 224: ...ero and span point through the firmware At least 5 of full scale over and under range are also supported but may be overridden in the firmware if required The analog outputs may be assigned to any measurement or diagnostic channel with a user defined range in the units of the selected parameter The voltage outputs are independent of the current outputs The optional I O expansion board includes six...

Страница 225: ...fail relay on the motherboard and ten digital output relays on the digital output board These are reed relays rated for at least 500 mA 200VDC The power fail relay is Form C both normally opened and normally closed contacts All other relays are Form A normally opened contacts and are used to provide alarm status and mode information from the analyzer as well as remote control to other devices such...

Страница 226: ...ia the serial port in real time for capture by a serial printer data logger or PC A null modem crossed cable is required when connecting the analyzer to an IBM compatible PC However a straight cable one to one may be required when connecting the analyzer to other remote devices As a general rule when the connector of the host remote device is female a straight cable is required and when the connec...

Страница 227: ...pporting TCP IP communications via standard IPV4 addressing The IP address may be configured for static addressing or dynamic addressing set using a DHCP server Any serial port protocols may be accessed over Ethernet in addition to the serial port Up to three simultaneous connections are allowed per protocol The external accessory connector is not used in the Model 48i analyzer This port is used i...

Страница 228: ......

Страница 229: ...the SPAN port and a source of zero air is connected to the ZERO port Zero and span gas should be supplied at atmospheric pressure It may be necessary to use an atmospheric dump bypass plumbing arrangement to accomplish this For more information refer to the Installation chapter and the Operation chapter The Internal Oxygen O2 Sensor option provides a paramagnetic sensor for O2 concentration measur...

Страница 230: ... airflow of the calibration gases must exceed the total demand of the analyzer The Model 48i requires approximately 1000 cc min of sample flow so a total airflow of at least 1100 cc min is recommended Use the following procedure to calibrate the oxygen sensor under normal conditions If you are unable to calibrate the oxygen sensor effectively using the following procedure use the Alternate Calibra...

Страница 231: ...iously fails to calibrate properly or for high altitude 5000m 15400 ft calibration 1 Supply the nitrogen zero gas to the SAMPLE port on the rear of the analyzer 2 From the Main Menu choose Calibration Factors O2 Background set the O2 background to zero and press to set the O2 background 3 Use the screwdriver to adjust zero potentiometer RV1 such that the O2 value reads 0 00 O2 4 Use the screwdrive...

Страница 232: ...alibration procedure The internal air scrubber is mounted inside the instrument and provides a source of zero air The filter wheel purge option includes a housing attached between the optical bench and the motor plate Figure 9 2 It surrounds the gas correlation wheel and allows purging the area around the gas correlation wheel with a gas other than that present in the local atmosphere This option ...

Страница 233: ...nstalled just prior to the SAMPLE bulkhead When using a filter all calibrations and span checks must be performed through the filter The I O expansion board provides six analog current output channels 0 20 mA or 4 20 mA and eight analog voltage inputs 0 10V The DB25 connector on the rear panel provides the interface for these inputs and outputs The 25 pin terminal board assembly is included with t...

Страница 234: ...xternal Device Connection Components on page 7 6 Note Table 9 2 provides the color coding for both 25 pin cables and 37 pin cables Color codes for pins 1 25 are for 25 pin cables color codes for pins 1 37 are for 37 pin cables Table 9 1 Cable Options Description Cable Length DB37M to open end Six feet DB37F to open end Six feet DB25M to open end Six feet RS 232 Six feet Table 9 2 Color Codes for 2...

Страница 235: ...e installed in the configuration described in Table 9 3 and shown in Figure 9 3 through Figure 9 6 Table 9 3 Mounting Options Mounting Type Description Bench Positioned on bench includes mounting feet and front panel side trim handles EIA rack Mounted in an EIA style rack includes mounting slides and front panel EIA rack mounting handles Retrofit rack Mounted in an EIA style rack includes mounting...

Страница 236: ...Optional Equipment Mounting Options 9 8 Model 48i Instruction Manual Thermo Fisher Scientific Figure 9 3 Rack Mount Option Assembly ...

Страница 237: ...Optional Equipment Mounting Options Thermo Fisher Scientific Model 48i Instruction Manual 9 9 Figure 9 4 Bench Mounting ...

Страница 238: ...Optional Equipment Mounting Options 9 10 Model 48i Instruction Manual Thermo Fisher Scientific Figure 9 5 EIA Rack Mounting ...

Страница 239: ...Optional Equipment Mounting Options Thermo Fisher Scientific Model 48i Instruction Manual 9 11 Figure 9 6 Retrofit Rack Mounting ...

Страница 240: ......

Страница 241: ... Material Authorization RMA which may include biohazard decontamination procedures and other product specific handling instructions and c then if applicable Buyer may return the defective Products to Seller with all costs prepaid by Buyer Replacement parts may be new or refurbished at the election of Seller All replaced parts shall become the property of Seller Shipment to Buyer of repaired or rep...

Страница 242: ... Seller therefor at Seller s then prevailing time and materials rates ANY INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE REPAIR SERVICE RELOCATION OR ALTERATION TO OR OF OR OTHER TAMPERING WITH THE PRODUCTS PERFORMED BY ANY PERSON OR ENTITY OTHER THAN SELLER WITHOUT SELLER S PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OR ANY USE OF REPLACEMENT PARTS NOT SUPPLIED BY SELLER SHALL IMMEDIATELY VOID AND CANCEL ALL WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE...

Страница 243: ...CP port 9881 Up to three simultaneous connections per protocol may be made over Ethernet For details see the following topics Instrument Identification Number on page B 1 Commands on page B 2 Measurements on page B 10 Alarms on page B 14 Diagnostics on page B 18 Datalogging on page B 19 Calibration on page B 26 Keys Display on page B 33 Measurement Configuration on page B 35 Hardware Configuration...

Страница 244: ... command must begin with the proper instrument identification number ASCII character The command in the following example begins with the ASCII character code 176 decimal which directs the command to the Model 48i and is terminated by a carriage return CR ASCII character code 13 decimal ASCII 176 T I M E CR Many of the commands have two forms One form reads parameter from the instrument s memory a...

Страница 245: ...y will be lost in the event of a power failure When interfacing to an instrument via C link commands always enter the concentration values in ppb or μg m3 units For example to set a background value to 20 ppm enter 20000 ppb as the value for the set background command Convert concentration formats from xxxxE yy to x xxxE yy The iSeries uses more standard script than the C Series by placing only on...

Страница 246: ...ximum value B 15 alarm conc min Reports sets current CO concentration alarm minimum value B 15 alarm conc o2 max Reports sets current oxygen concentration alarm maximum value B 15 alarm conc o2 min Reports sets current oxygen concentration alarm minimum value B 15 alarm internal temp max Reports sets internal temperature alarm maximum value B 16 alarm internal temp min Reports sets internal temper...

Страница 247: ... coefficient B 27 chamber temp Reports optical bench temperature B 12 clr lrecs Clears away only lrecs that have been saved B 19 clr records Clears away all logging records that have been saved B 19 clr srecs Clears away only srecs that have been saved B 19 co Reports current CO concentration B 11 co bkg Reports sets current CO background B 29 co coef Reports sets current CO coefficient B 27 coef ...

Страница 248: ... sets digital input channel and active state B 50 do down Simulates pressing down pushbutton B 33 dout Reports sets digital output channel and active state B 50 dtoa Reports outputs of the digital to analog converters per channel B 51 en enter Simulates pressing enter pushbutton B 33 er Returns a brief description of the main operating conditions in the format specified in the commands B 21 erec R...

Страница 249: ...t id B 44 internal temp Reports current internal instrument temperature B 12 isc iscreen Retrieves framebuffer data used for the display B 33 layout ack Disables stale layout layout changed indicator B 47 le left Simulates pressing left pushbutton B 33 list din Lists current selection for digital input B 52 list dout Lists current selection for digital output B 52 list lrec Lists current selection...

Страница 250: ...y allocation for srecs B 24 mb read coils Reports the current state of the MODBUS coils digital outputs B 49 mb read registers Reports the current state of the MODBUS registers analog outputs B 49 mb write coil Sets the current state of the MODBUS coil digital input B 49 me menu Simulates pressing menu pushbutton B 33 menutext Displays the text of the menu item where the cursor is currently positi...

Страница 251: ...B 29 sp field Reports sets item number and name in scratch pad list B 25 span Sets zero span valves to span mode B 37 span cal reset Reports sets span cal reset on off B 30 span calibrate Sets CO coefficient B 27 span dev Reports sets span deviation maximum span check offset B 31 span dur Reports sets how long span gas is sampled by the instrument B 31 sr Reports the last srec stored B 21 srec Rep...

Страница 252: ...od B 32 avg time high avg time low avg time These commands report the averaging time in seconds when operating in single range or averaging time used with the high and low ranges when operating in dual or auto range mode The following example shows that the averaging time is 300 seconds according to Table B 3 Send avg time Receive avg time 11 300 sec set avg time selection set high avg time select...

Страница 253: ...current O2 concentration is 15 Send o2 Receive o2 15 00 o2 corr conc This command reports the oxygen correction concentration in percent The following example shows that the O2 correction concentration is 15 Send o2 corr conc Receive o2 corr conc 15 00 set o2 corr conc value value 0 to 20 9 This command sets the oxygen correction concentration value to value where value is a floating point number ...

Страница 254: ...ing example shows that temperature compensation is on and that the internal temperature is 27 2 C Send internal temp Receive internal temp 27 2 deg C motor This command reports the current motor speed The following example reports that the current motor speed is 100 Send motor Receive motor 100 o2 temp This command reports the current oxygen sensor temperature in degrees C The following example re...

Страница 255: ...hat the current ratio is 1 161100 Send ratio Receive ratio 1 161100 flags This reports 8 hexadecimal digits or flags that represent the status of the AGC circuit pressure and temperature compensation status gas units gas mode and alarms To decode the flags each hexadecimal digit is converted to binary as shown in the Figure B 1 It is the binary digits that define the status of each parameter In th...

Страница 256: ...larm bias voltage min alarm bias voltage max These commands report the bias voltage alarm minimum and maximum value current settings The following example reports that the bias voltage alarm minimum value is 128 Send alarm bias voltage min Receive alarm bias voltage min 128 set alarm bias voltage min value set alarm bias voltage max value These commands set the bias voltage alarm minimum and maxim...

Страница 257: ...t alarm conc max value These commands set the CO concentration alarm minimum and maximum values to value where value is a floating point representation of the concentration alarm limits Values must be in the units that are currently set for use The following example sets the CO concentration alarm maximum value to 215 Send set alarm conc max 215 Receive set alarm conc max 215 ok alarm conc o2 min ...

Страница 258: ...ture alarm maximum value to 45 0 C Send set alarm internal temp max 45 Receive set alarm internal temp max 45 ok alarm motor speed min alarm motor speed max These commands report the motor speed alarm minimum and maximum value current settings The following example reports that the motor speed alarm minimum value is 99 8 Send alarm motor speed min Receive alarm motor speed min 99 8 set alarm motor...

Страница 259: ... min 0 350 l min set alarm sample flow min value set alarm sample flow max value These commands set the sample flow alarm minimum and maximum values to value where value is a floating point number representing sample flow alarm limits in liters per minute The following example sets the sample flow alarm maximum value to 1 L min Send set alarm sample flow max 1 000 Receive set alarm sample flow max...

Страница 260: ... The following example sets the O2 concentration minimum alarm trigger to ceiling Send set alarm trig conc o2 1 Receive set alarm trig conc o2 1 ok agc int This command reports the current intensity of the reference channel AGC circuit The following example reports that the current AGC intensity is 200 000 Hz Send agc int Receive agc int 200000 Hz bias voltage This command reports the current IR b...

Страница 261: ...olt iob Receive diag volt iob 24 1 4 9 3 2 3 2 version This command reports the version of all the firmware components The example that follows shows a list of firmware components that were displayed by issuing the version command The components displayed will vary depending on the configuration of the instrument Send version Receive version Program 01 05 79 225 Library 01 01 60 167 Kernel 2 4 24 ...

Страница 262: ...lowing example sets the data treatment for concentrations in lrec as minimum Send set data treatment lrec min Receive set data treatment lrec min ok list lrec list srec list stream list sp These commands report the list of current selections for lrec logging data srec logging data streaming data output or the scratch pad sp list The scratch pad is a temporary memory area which is used to set up li...

Страница 263: ...ion at the end of this appendix For details on how to decode the flag fields within these records see the flags command Send erec Receive erec 09 48 04 06 05 flags 9C040510 CO 0 000 4 loCO 0 002 4 s r 0 000 los r 0 902 biasv 112 668 agci 96 500 intt 34 023 cht 47 995 smpfl 0 000 pres 0 000 avgt1 10 avgt2 10 CObkg 0 000 COcoef 1 000 loCOcoef 1 000 COrange 10000000 000 loCOrange 10000000 000 motor 1...

Страница 264: ... 758 9 smplfl 1 085 speed 100 0 biasv 115 5 intensity 1999940 10 15 05 12 03 flags 9c040000 CO 7349E 0 loCO 5994E 0 intt 33 2 cht 44 7 pres 758 9 smplfl 1 085 speed 100 0 biasv 115 5 intensity 1999940 10 15 05 12 03 flags 9c040000 CO 7349E 0 loCO 5994E 0 intt 33 2 cht 44 7 pres 758 9 smplfl 1 085 speed 100 0 biasv 115 5 intensity 1999940 10 15 05 12 03 flags 9c040000 CO 7349E 0 loCO 5994E 0 intt 3...

Страница 265: ... These commands report the number of lrecs and srecs that can be stored with the current settings and the number of blocks reserved for lrecs and srecs The example that follows shows that 1075 blocks were reserved for lrecs and the maximum number of lrecs that can be stored in memory is 241979 Memory allocation can be changed using the malloc command Send lrec mem size Receive lrec mem size 241979...

Страница 266: ... number representing percent The following example sets the memory allocation for lrecs to 10 Note Issuing these commands will clear all the logged data in memory All the existing records should be retrieved using appropriate commands if required Send set malloc lrec 10 Receive set malloc lrec 10 ok set copy sp to lrec set copy sp to srec set copy sp to stream These commands copy the current selec...

Страница 267: ...iable number and name stored at the index in the scratch pad list The scratch pad is a temporary memory area which is used to set up lists of selections for lrec srec or streaming data items The user can copy any of these lists to the scratch pad modify individual elements in the list then save the scratch pad back to the original list The following example shows that field 5 in the scratch pad is...

Страница 268: ...his command reports if the streaming data string will have a time stamp attached to it or not according to Table B 6 The following example reports that the streaming data shall not include a time stamp Send stream time Receive stream time 0 set stream time value This command enables value where value is to attach or disable time stamp to streaming data string according to Table B 6 The following e...

Страница 269: ...in dual and auto range mode If the mode is incorrect the instrument responds with can t wrong settings The following example shows a successful auto calibration of the low CO coefficient Note Span gas must be provided to the instrument prior to issuing any of these commands Send set cal low CO coef Receive set cal low CO coef ok cal coef o2 This command will set O2 coefficient based on O2 span gas...

Страница 270: ...ned value where value is a floating point representation of the coefficient The example below sets the O2 coefficient to 1 005 Send set coef o2 1 005 Receive set coef o2 1 005 ok coef 0 coef 1 coef 2 high coef 0 high coef 1 high coef 2 low coef 0 low coef 1 low coef 2 The coef 0 coef 1 and coef 2 commands report the coefficients of the curve developed from the Hi Multi Point Calibration in single ...

Страница 271: ...ercent The following example reports that the current O2 background concentration is 1 5 Send bkg o2 Receive bkg o2 1 50 set bkg o2 This command is used to set the oxygen background concentration in percent The example below sets the O2 background concentration to 1 5 Send set bkg o2 1 5 Receive set bkg o2 1 5 ok init ratio This command reports the initial sample reference ratio The following exam...

Страница 272: ...ports that the O2 span gas concentration is 20 8 Send o2 gas Receive o2 gas 20 8 set o2 gas value This command sets the O2 span gas concentration used by the auto calibration routine to value where value is a floating point representation of the gas concentration in percent The gas units are the same as those chosen by the user The example below sets the O2 span gas concentration to 20 8 Send set ...

Страница 273: ...k span dur This command reports the span duration The following example reports that the span duration min is 10 minutes Send span dur Receive span dur 10 min set span dur value This command sets span duration to value where value represents the span duration in minutes The following example sets the span duration to 15 minutes Send set span dur 15 Receive set span dur 15 ok zero cal reset This co...

Страница 274: ... E 01 ok zero dur This command reports the zero duration The following example reports that the zero duration is 10 minutes Send zero dur 10 Receive zero dur 10 ok set zero dur value This command sets the zero duration to value where value represents the zero duration in minutes The following example sets the zero duration to 15 minutes Send set zero dur 15 Receive set zero dur 15 ok zs period Thi...

Страница 275: ...ru enter run he up help 1 le 2 left 3 me 4 menu button do down en enter he help le left me menu ri right ru run up 1 2 3 4 These commands simulate pressing the front panel pushbuttons The numbers represent the front panel soft keys from left to right Send push enter Receive push enter ok isc iscreen These commands retrieve the framebuffer data used for the display on the iSeries instrument It is 1...

Страница 276: ...unt To convert this data into a BMP for use with Windows it needs to be saved as a 4 bit per pixel gray scale image Also note that BMP files are upside down relative to this data i e the top display line is the last line in the BMP menutext This command displays the text of the menu item where the cursor is currently positioned The following example shows that the cursor is positioned at the instr...

Страница 277: ...full scale range is set to 50 ppm according to Table B 7 Send range Receive range 5 5 000E 01 ppb set range selection set high range selection set low range selection These commands select the CO full scale ranges according to Table B 7 The following example sets the CO full scale range to 50 ppm Send set range 5 Receive set range 5 ok Table B 7 Standard Ranges Selection ppm mg m3 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 5 ...

Страница 278: ...n in ppm or mg m3 The following example sets the custom 1 range to 55 5 ppm Send set custom 1 range 55 5 Receive set custom 1 range 55 5 ok range mode This command reports the current range mode Send range mode Receive range mode single set range mode mode This command sets the current range mode to single dual or auto The following example sets the range mode to single Send set range mode single ...

Страница 279: ...an Receive set span ok gas unit This command reports the current gas units ppm or mg m3 The example reports that the gas unit is set to ppm Send gas unit Receive gas unit ppm set gas unit unit unit ppm mg m3 This command sets the gas units to ppm or mg m3 The following example sets the gas units to mg m3 Send set gas unit mg m3 Receive set gas unit mg m3 ok pres comp This command reports whether p...

Страница 280: ...her oxygen correction compensation is on or off The following example reports that the O2 correction is on Send o2 corr Receive o2 corr on set oc onoff set o2 corr onoff onoff on off These commands turn the oxygen correction compensation on or off The following example turns the O2 correction off Send set oc off Receive set oc off ok contrast This command reports the screen s level of contrast The...

Страница 281: ... 25 6 30 7 35 8 40 9 45 10 50 11 55 12 60 13 65 14 70 15 75 16 80 17 85 18 90 19 95 20 100 date This command reports the current date The following example reports the date as December 1 2009 Send date Receive date 12 01 09 set date mm dd yy mm month dd day yy year This command sets the date of the analyzer s internal clock The following example sets the date to December 1 2009 ...

Страница 282: ...nges are not saved they will be lost in the event of a power failure The following example saves the parameters to FLASH memory Send set save params Receive set save params ok time This command reports the current time 24 hour time The following example reports that the internal time is 2 15 30 pm Send time Receive time 14 15 30 set time hh mm ss hh hours mm minutes ss seconds This command sets th...

Страница 283: ...s ranging from 0 255 inclusive separated by Note This command cannot be used when DHCP is on Refer to the DHCP command that follows for additional information Send set addr gw 192 168 1 1 Receive set addr gw 192 168 1 1 ok addr ip This command reports the IP address of the analyzer Send addr ip Receive addr ip 192 168 1 200 set addr ip address This command sets the analyzer s IP address where addr...

Страница 284: ...ter for more information Send addr ntp Receive addr ntp 10 209 43 237 set addr ntp address This command sets the network time protocol server address where address consists of four numbers ranging from 0 255 inclusive separated by Send set addr ntp 10 209 43 237 Receive set addr ntp 10 209 43 237 ok baud This command reports the current baud rate for the serial port RS232 RS485 The following examp...

Страница 285: ...ystem memory The following example sets the DHCP service to on Note If DHCP is changed from on to off and then the IP address the netmask address or the gateway address is changed you must cycle power to the instrument before the change takes effect Until you cycle the power the address assigned by the DHCP server will still be used and reported as the current address Send set dhcp on Receive set ...

Страница 286: ...string is 1 13 alphanumeric characters with no spaces The following example sets the host name to analyzer01 This command returns bad cmd if no host name has been set Send set host name analyzer01 Receive set host name analyzer01 ok instr name This command reports the instrument name The following example reports the instrument name for the Model 48i Send instr name Receive instr name CO Analyzer ...

Страница 287: ...his command reports the current allow mode setting 1 allow set mode local and set mode remote commands 0 ignore set mode local or set mode remote commands according to Table B 10 The default value is 0 ignore the commands The following example shows that the instrument is configured to ignore set mode local or set mode remote commands Send allow mode cmd Receive allow mode cmd 0 set allow mode cmd...

Страница 288: ... command reports the current power up mode setting to either 0 local unlocked or 1 remote locked according to Table B 11 The default value is 0 power up in local unlocked mode The following example shows that the instrument is configured to power up in the remote locked mode Send power up mode Receive power up mode 1 set power up mode value This command is used to configure the instrument to power...

Страница 289: ... time erec layout was requested according to Table B 12 The following example reports that the instrument is configured to do nothing Send layout ack Receive layout ack 0 set layout ack value This command disables the stale layout layout change indicator that is attached to each response if the erec layout has changed since the last time erec layout was requested according to Table B 12 Send set l...

Страница 290: ...g iout range 4 2 set analog iout range channel range This command sets analog current output channel to the range where channel is between 1 and 6 inclusive and range is set according to Table B 13 The following example sets current output channel 4 to the 0 20 mA range This command responds with feature not enabled if the I O expansion board is not detected Send set analog iout range 4 1 Receive ...

Страница 291: ...e 2 3 Receive set analog vout range 2 3 ok Table B 14 Analog Voltage Output Range Values Range Output Range 1 0 1 V 2 0 100 mV 3 0 10 V 4 0 5 V 0 cannot be set to this but may report Undefined mb read coils start count start index of first coil count number of coils to report This command reports the current state of the MODBUS coils digital outputs Output is in binary format with the coil start a...

Страница 292: ...mber of the corresponding active state The following example reports input 5 to be assigned an index number 9 corresponding to action of analog outputs to zero with the active state being high Send din 5 Receive din 5 9 AOUTS TO ZERO high set din channel index state This command assigns digital input channel 1 16 to activate the action indicated by index 1 12 when the input transitions to the desi...

Страница 293: ... Receive dtoa 1 97 7 Note If the instrument is in a mode which does not provide a particular output and that output is selected the value will be 0 0 Note All channel ranges are user definable If any customization has been made to the analog output configuration the default selections may not apply Table B 15 Default Analog Output Channel Assignments D to A Function Single Range Dual Range Auto Ra...

Страница 294: ...DE open list var aout list var dout list var din These commands report the list of index numbers and the variables associated with that index number available for selection in the current mode for analog outputs digital outputs and digital inputs The index number is used to insert the variable in a field location in a list using set sp field index The following example reports the list of analog o...

Страница 295: ... Note If the command is sent without an appended relay number then all the relays are assigned the set logic of normally open closed Send set relay open 1 Receive set relay open 1 ok The erec lrec and srec layouts contain the following A format specifier for parsing ASCII responses A format specifier for parsing binary responses In addition to these the erec layout contains A format specifier for ...

Страница 296: ... D parse a date specifier 3 bytes i ignore one 8 bit character 1 byte e parse a 24 bit floating point number 3 bytes n x E parse a 24 bit floating point number 3 bytes N x f parse a 32 bit floating point number 4 bytes c parse an 8 bit signed number 1 byte C parse an 8 bit unsigned number 1 byte n parse a 16 bit signed number 2 bytes N parse a 16 bit unsigned number 2 bytes m parse a 24 bit signed...

Страница 297: ...n the DATA EREC response appears next This is followed by an optional bitfield designator The datum identified by the value source can be printed as a string s hexadecimal x decimal d floating point f or binary b number Typically bitfield extractions are only done for decimal or hexadecimal numbers Floating point numbers can be followed with an optional precision specifier which will be used as an...

Страница 298: ... up an input dialog prompting the user for a new value using the designated input format The input format is specified from the B through the subsequent semicolon I Indicates a button which pops up a selection list with input translation That is the values read are translated before they are compared to the selection list options L Indicates a button which pops up a selection list without any tran...

Страница 299: ..._1 Code_2 Code_3 Code_4 Code_5 Code_6 Code_7 Code_8 Code_9 Code_10 Code_11 Lset range no d n This is a line which appears slightly indented the title is again NO and the value is the twenty first element of the data response interpreted as a floating point number There is a no translation button which creates a selection list of twelve Code nn options The number of the user selection is used to cr...

Страница 300: ...omp s n This shows that the bitfield end the second part of a bitfield specification is optional The bitfield will be one bit long starting in this case at the eleventh bit Background 7f 8Bd ddd set o3 bkg s n This shows the use of indirect precision specifiers for floating point displays The background value is taken from the 7th element and the precision specifier is taken from the 8th If the as...

Страница 301: ...is achieved by using the supported MODBUS parameters listed below For details of the Model 48i MODBUS Protocol specification see the following topics Serial Communication Parameters on page C 1 TCP Communication Parameters on page C 2 Application Data Unit Definition on page C 2 Function Codes on page C 3 MODBUS Parameters Supported on page C 8 Additional information on the MODBUS protocol can be ...

Страница 302: ...nk commands and can be between 1 and 127 decimal i e 0x01 hex to 0x7F hex This address is only used for MODBUS RTU over serial connections Note Device ID 0 used for broadcast MODBUS commands is not supported Device IDs 128 through 247 i e 0x80 hex to 0xF7 hex are not supported because of limitations imposed by C Link In MODBUS over TCP IP a MODBUS Application Protocol Header MBAP is used to identi...

Страница 303: ...on the function For more description of these data fields see Function Codes below In MODBUS over serial an error check is included in the message This is not necessary in MODBUS over TCP IP because the higher level protocols ensure error free transmission The error check is a two byte 16 bit CRC value This section describes the various function codes that are supported by the Model 48i Read Coils...

Страница 304: ...e quantity of complete bytes of data Note The values reported may not reflect the state of the actual relays in the instrument as the user may program these outputs for either active closed or open Request Function Code 1 Byte 0x01 or 0x02 Starting Address 2 Bytes 0x0000 to maximum allowed by instrument Quantity of Outputs 2 Bytes 1 to maximum allowed by instrument Unit Identifier 1 Byte 0x00 to 0...

Страница 305: ... and output 11 is the LSB of this byte The four remaining high order bits are zero filled Read Holding Input Registers reads the measurement data from the instrument Issuing either of these function codes will generate the same response These functions read the contents of one or more contiguous registers These registers are 16 bits each and are organized as shown below All of the values are repor...

Страница 306: ...s N N or N 1 N Quantity of Registers Error Response Function Code 1 Byte Function code 0x80 Exception Code 1 Byte 01 Illegal Function 02 Illegal Address 03 Illegal Data 04 Slave Device Failure Here is an example of a request and response to read registers 10 13 Request Field Name Hex Function 0x03 Starting Address Hi 0x00 Starting Address Lo 0x09 No of Registers Hi 0x00 No of Registers Lo 0x04 Res...

Страница 307: ...ion number 1 is addressed as 0 The requested ON OFF state is specified by a constant in the request data field A value of 0xFF00 requests the action to be ON A value of 0x0000 requests it to be OFF All other values are illegal and will not affect the output The normal response is an echo of the request returned after the state has been written Note This function will not work if the instrument is ...

Страница 308: ... 00 Output Address Lo 05 Output Value Hi FF Output Value Lo 00 Table C 1 through Table C 3 lists the MODBUS addresses supported for the Model 48i IMPORTANT NOTE The addresses in the following tables are Protocol Data Unit PDU addresses Verify the coil number on your MODBUS master to ensure that it matches the coil number on the instrument Note Coil status 1 indicates active state Table C 1 Read Co...

Страница 309: ...ALARM 15 INTENSITY ALARM 16 MOTOR SPEED ALARM 17 BIAS VOLTAGE ALARM 18 MB STATUS ALARM 19 INTERFACE BD STATUS ALARM 20 I O EXP BD STATUS ALARM 21 CONC ALARM 22 PURGE MODE 23 NOT USED 24 ZERO CHK CAL ALARM 25 SPAN CHK CAL ALARM 26 NOT USED 27 NOT USED 28 NOT USED 29 NOT USED 30 NOT USED 31 NOT USED 32 NOT USED 33 NOT USED 34 EXT ALARM 1 35 EXT ALARM 2 36 EXT ALARM 3 In addition to the coils listed ...

Страница 310: ...egisters and interpret the data refer to the 0x03 0x04 Read Holding Registers Read Input Registers section in this appendix Table C 2 Read Registers for 48i Register Number Variable 0 NONE 1 2 CO 3 4 LO CO 5 6 HI CO 7 8 RANGE STATUS 9 10 S R 11 12 LO S R 13 14 HI S R 15 16 INT TEMP 17 18 BENCH TEMP 19 20 NOT USED 21 22 NOT USED 23 24 NOT USED 25 26 PRESSURE 27 28 SAMPLE FLOW 29 30 INTENSITY 31 32 ...

Страница 311: ...stalled IMPORTANT NOTE The addresses in the following tables are Protocol Data Unit PDU addresses Verify the coil number on your MODBUS master to ensure that it matches the coil number on the instrument Note Writing 1 to the coil number shown in the following table will initiate the action triggered listed in the table This state must be held for at least 1 second to ensure the instrument detects ...

Страница 312: ...6 AOUTS TO FS 107 CAL TO HIGH SPAN 108 NOT USED 109 NOT USED 110 NOT USED 111 ZERO PURGE CAL 112 SPAN PURGE CAL 113 ZERO SPAN PURGE 114 EXT ALARM 1 115 EXT ALARM 2 116 EXT ALARM 3 117 PURGE MODE In addition to the coils listed in the Write Coils table coils in the Read Coils table can also be read To read a write coil issue a read coil command for that coil For example to view the state of write c...

Страница 313: ...de if valid for that instrument This is achieved by using the supported Gesytec commands listed below For details of the Model 48i Gesytec Protocol specification see the following topics Serial Communication Parameters on page D 1 TCP Communication Parameters on page D 2 Instrument Address on page D 2 Abbreviations Used on page D 2 Basic Command Structure on page D 2 Block Checksum Characters BCC ...

Страница 314: ...ddress in the examples throughout this document Note Device IDs 128 through 247 are not supported because of limitations imposed by the C Link protocol The following is a list of abbreviations used in this document CR is abbreviation for Carriage Return ASCII code 0x0D STX is abbreviation for Start of Text ASCII code 0x02 ETX is abbreviation for End of Text ASCII code 0x03 SP is abbreviation for s...

Страница 315: ...d by the two characters A B The checksum is referred to as BCC throughout this document The following commands are supported by the Gesytec protocol Instrument Control Command ST Data Sampling Data Query Command DA There are three control commands supported by the Gesytec protocol This control command is a single letter which triggers an action in the instrument These commands are active only when...

Страница 316: ...e to DA command below The command structure for a data query command is as follows STX DA address ETX BCC The address is optional which means it can be left out completely The address if present must match the Instrument Address Additional space can be present after the address If the address is left out then no space is allowed in the query string A command with no address is also a valid command...

Страница 317: ...e response will have the address X where X keeps incrementing by 1 for each measurement included measured value is the concentration value in currently selected gas units represented as exponential representation with 4 characters mantissa and 2 characters exponent each with sign Mantissa sign and 4 digits The decimal point is assumed to be after the first digit and is not transmitted Exponent sig...

Страница 318: ...tatus is 04 Data Query String STX DA CR Reply String STX MD03 SP 001 SP 2578 01 SP 03 SP 04 SP 0000000000 SP 002 SP Address First Concentration E format 25 78 Address 1 5681 00 SP 03 SP 04 SP 0000000000 SP 003 SP 1175 01 SP 03 SP 04 SP Second Concentration 5 681 Address 2 Third Concentration 11 75 0000000000 SP CR Example of response to DA command from an instrument with Gesytec serial number set ...

Страница 319: ...tatus and Table D 2 for error status for the Model 48i Table D 1 Operating Status for Model 48i D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Bit 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Hex value 80 40 20 10 08 04 02 01 MSB LSB Operating status Service Mode On 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Maintenance Local 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Zero Gas On 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Span Gas On 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Gas Unit Indication ppm OR ppb 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Ozonator Off 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 PMT...

Страница 320: ...D0 Bit 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Hex value 80 40 20 10 08 04 02 01 MSB LSB Error status Internal Temperature Alarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Optical Chamber Temperature Alarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 AGC Intensity Alarm 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Bias Voltage Alarm 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Pressure Alarm 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Sample Flow Alarm 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Motor Speed Alarm 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Not Used 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...

Страница 321: ......

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