App-1
IM DL850E-01EN
Appendix
Appendix 1 How to Calculate the Area of a Waveform
Integ1TY
Sum of only the positive curve areas : S1 + S2
S
1
S
2
Integ2TY
Sum of the positive and negative curve areas: S1 + S3 – S2
S
1
S
3
S
2
Integ1XY
(1) Multiple Loops
S
0
Start point,
stop point
Area S = n × S
0
n: The number of loops
(2) Non-Closed Curve
S
0
Start point
Stop point
(3) Loop Tracing a Figure-Eight
Area S = |S
0
– S
1
|
(4) Loop Tracing a Spiral
Stop point
S
0
S
1
Start point
Stop point
Start point
S
0
Waveform
S
1
Area S = S
0
Area enclosed by a curve
connecting the start and stop points
Area S = S
0
× 2 + S
1
The number of overlaps varies
according to the number of loops.