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3

 

Using the Instrument 

 

Generating Modulated Waveforms  

 

 

 

3-45

 

Generating 
Modulated 
Waveforms

 

I & Q modulation is one of the fastest growing requirements for 
digital waveform generation applications. The 2074 can generate 
phase modulation and QAM modulation on all four channels where 
each pair generates a separate modulation scheme. Having two 
pairs of modulation channels is specifically helpful for speeding up 
tests on parts in production. 

Modulated waveforms are selected from the waveforms menu. 
Figure 3-21 shows how to select the modulation type. To access 
this menu, press TOP, then waveforms and select the Modulated 
waveforms option.  

Modulation type is selected from the Modulation Type menu. Refer 
to Figure 3-21 and use the following procedure to select the 
modulation type. 

1.  Press on the Modulation Type soft key. The following options 

will display: Off, (n)PSK and (n)QAM 

2.  Using the dial or the up and down arrow keypad, scroll down to 

the desired option 

3.  Press Enter to lock in the selected modulation type. The output 

will be updated immediately after you press the Enter button. 

 
 

 

1 

2

3

Figure 

 

3-21, Selecting a modulated Waveform 

 

Off

 

 

The Modulation Off is a special case of the modulation function 
where the output is not modulated but generates carrier waveform 
(CW) frequency only. CW is the sine waveform that is being 
modulated. When placed in Modulation Off, the sine waveform is 
generated from the main outputs continuously. Figure 3-22 shows 
the Modulation Off menus. 

While in the Off option, there are some parameters that can be 

Содержание 5064

Страница 1: ...ics Ltd Tabor Electronics Ltd P O Box 404 Tel Hanan Israel 20302 Tel 972 4 821 3393 FAX 972 4 821 3388 PUBLICATION DATE July 15 2015 Copyright 2005 by Tabor Electronics Ltd Printed in Israel All right...

Страница 2: ...of or in any way connected with the manufacture sale handling re pair maintenance replacement or use of said products Representations and warranties made by any person including dealers and represent...

Страница 3: ...defeat the protective feature of the third conductor in the power cord Maintenance and calibration procedures sometimes call for operation of the unit with power applied and protective covers removed...

Страница 4: ...61010 1 2nd Edition 2001 C1 C2 EMC EN55022 2001 Class A Radiated and Conducted Emission IEC61000 3 2 2001 Am1 Harmonics IEC61000 3 3 2002 Am1 Flickers IEC61000 4 2 2001 Am1 Am2 ESD Contact Discharge 4...

Страница 5: ...1 8 Identifying Installed Options 1 8 Manual Changes 1 8 Safety Considerations 1 8 Supplied Accessories 1 9 Specifications 1 9 Functional Description 1 9 Front Panel Connectors and Indicators 1 9 Mai...

Страница 6: ...orms 1 23 Sequence Advance Modes 1 25 Modulated Waveforms 1 27 Modulation Off 1 28 n PSK 1 28 n QAM 1 29 Modulation Run Modes 1 29 Auxiliary Functions 1 29 Digital Pulse Generator 1 29 Counter Timer 1...

Страница 7: ...ination 3 4 Input Output Protection 3 4 Power On Reset Defaults 3 4 Resetting the 2074 3 5 Controlling the 2074 3 6 2074 Front Panel Menus 3 8 Enabling the Outputs 3 12 Selecting a Waveform Type 3 13...

Страница 8: ...ered Mode 3 19 Delayed Trigger 3 20 Re Trigger 3 20 Gated Mode 3 21 Burst Mode 3 21 Using the Manual Trigger 3 23 Using the SYNC Output 3 23 Applying Filters 3 24 Selecting the SCLK Source and Referen...

Страница 9: ...t between Channels 3 70 Adjusting Phase Offset for Standard Waveforms 3 70 Adjusting Phase Offset for Arbitrary Waveforms 3 73 Adjusting Phase Offset for Modulated Waveforms 3 73 Customizing the Outpu...

Страница 10: ...4 41 General Filters 4 41 Calibration 4 42 The Composers Panels 4 43 The Wave Composer 4 43 The Toolbar 4 50 The Waveform Screen 4 51 Generating Waveforms Using the Equation Editor 4 52 Writing Equat...

Страница 11: ...s Control Commands 5 31 Sequenced Waveforms Control Commands 5 38 Modulated Waveforms Control Commands 5 44 PSK Modulation Programming 5 46 QAM Modulation Programming 5 50 Run Mode Commands 5 53 Auxil...

Страница 12: ...9 Sinewave Flatness 6 10 Trigger operation Characteristics 6 11 Trigger Gate and Burst Characteristics 6 11 Mixed Trigger Advance Test 6 12 Delayed Trigger Characteristics 6 13 Re trigger Characterist...

Страница 13: ...rmance Checks 7 2 Environmental Conditions 7 2 Warm up Period 7 2 Recommended Test Equipment 7 2 Adjustment Procedures 7 3 Reference Oscillators Adjustments 7 5 Channels 1 2 3 4 Adjustments 7 7 Base L...

Страница 14: ...nel Utility and Output Menus 3 10 3 5 Front Panel Auxiliary Menus 3 11 5 1 Model 2074 SCPI Commands List Summary 5 8 5 2 Instrument Control Commands Summary 5 14 5 3 Instrument Control Commands Summar...

Страница 15: ...inewave Flatness 6 10 6 10 Trigger gate and burst Characteristics 6 11 6 11 Trigger Delay Tests 6 13 6 12 Re Trigger Delay Tests 6 14 6 13 Frequency Measurement Accuracy 6 25 6 14 Period Measurement A...

Страница 16: ...alf Cycle Display 1 21 1 10 Typical 2074 Arbitrary Waveforms Display 1 22 1 11 ArbConnection Example Typical Arbitrary Sequenced Waveforms Panel 1 22 1 12 Segment 1 Waveform Sinc 1 23 1 13 Segment 2 W...

Страница 17: ...13 3 5 Modifying Output Frequency 3 14 3 6 Modifying Sample Clock Frequency 3 15 3 7 Programming Amplitude and Offset 3 17 3 8 Run Mode Options 3 18 3 9 Trigger Run Mode Parameters 3 20 3 10 Gated Mo...

Страница 18: ...ccessing the Counter Timer Menus 3 59 3 36 the Digital Counter Timer Menus 3 59 3 37 Selecting a Counter Timer Measurement Function 3 60 3 38 Accessing the Digital Pattern Menus 3 62 3 39 the Digital...

Страница 19: ...ion Options 4 5 4 2 ArbConnection s Toolbars 4 5 4 5 the Main Panel 4 9 4 6 the Standard Waveforms Panel 4 11 4 7 the Arbitrary Sequence Panel 4 13 4 8 the Memory Partition Table 4 15 4 9 the Waveform...

Страница 20: ...28 the Calibration Panel 4 36 4 30 the Wave Composer Opening Screen 4 37 4 31 the Open Waveform Dialog Box 4 39 4 32 Zooming In on Waveform Segments 4 41 4 33 Generating Distorted Sine waves from the...

Страница 21: ...Editor Download Summary 4 73 4 57 the Command Editor 4 74 4 58 Log File Example 4 75 5 1 Definite Length Arbitrary Block Data Format 5 33 5 2 16 bit Initial Waveform Data Point Representation 5 33 5...

Страница 22: ...ations 1 8 Supplied Accessories 1 9 Specifications 1 9 Functional Description 1 9 Front Panel Connectors and Indicators 1 9 Main Output CH1 CH2 CH3 and CH4 1 9 SYNC Output 1 10 Front Panel Controls 1...

Страница 23: ...8 Half Cycle Waveforms 1 20 Arbitrary Waveforms 1 21 Sequenced Waveforms 1 23 Sequence Advance Modes 1 25 Modulated Waveforms 1 27 Modulation Off 1 28 n PSK 1 28 n QAM 1 29 Modulation Run Modes 1 29 A...

Страница 24: ...Universal Waveform Generator It is a high performance waveform generator that combines four separate and powerful channels in one small package Supplied free with the instrument is ArbConnection softw...

Страница 25: ...as well as waveform and pulse composers Detailed virtual front panels control all 2074 functions and modes Wave composer generates edits and downloads complex waveforms Easy on screen generation of c...

Страница 26: ...1 5 Figure 1 2 ArbConnection The Control Panels Figure 1 3 ArbConnection The Wave Composer...

Страница 27: ...sign provides increased dynamic range and lower noise floor making it ideal for the generation of multi tone signals and I Q modulation Sample rates up to 200 MS s are available with memory size up to...

Страница 28: ...is different you can customize the instrument to display the correct amplitude reading that matches your load impedance Besides its normal continuous mode the Model 2074 responds to a variety of trigg...

Страница 29: ...it must be ordered with the product Compare the option number below with the number printed on your instrument to check if the 2 Meg waveform memory option is installed in your equipment Identifying...

Страница 30: ...o C Functional Description A detailed functional description is given in the following paragraphs The description is divided into logical groups Front panel input and output connectors rear panel inp...

Страница 31: ...programmable The SYNC output is used as marker output when the 2074 is programmed to one of the modulation functions The source of the sync can be programmed to source from channel 1 or channel 2 Fron...

Страница 32: ...ttons 6 Enter Man Trig Has two functions 1 When multiple parameters are displayed on the screen the cursor and the dial scroll through the parameters Pressing Enter selects the parameter for edit Afte...

Страница 33: ...gger input For example if your trigger signal rides on a dc level you can offset the trigger level to the same level as your trigger signal thus assuring correct threshold for the trigger signal The t...

Страница 34: ...d load instrument drivers to the computer is provided in the Installation chapter of this manual USB This connector accepts standard USB 1 cable The connection to the host computer is automatic and do...

Страница 35: ...ument is given later in this manual SCLK OUT This SMB connector outputs the programmed sample clock frequency Output level is 400mVp p terminated into 50 Note that correct termination is necessary for...

Страница 36: ...ered mode the Model 2074 circuits are armed to generate one output waveform The trigger circuit is sensitive to transitions at the trigger input Select between positive or negative transitions to trig...

Страница 37: ...on and off using interface triggers Disabled Active Disabled Active Disabled Triggered External Bus Mixed Delayed Trigger Re Trigger Active Active Active Active Active Counted Burst External Bus Mixed...

Страница 38: ...MAN TRIG second function to the Enter button and 3 Bus commands that are applied to the instrument from any interface LAN USB or GPIB Description of the various trigger source options is given in the...

Страница 39: ...or Front panel MAN TRIG button First trigger from BUS only subsequent triggers from EXT only Active Active Active Output Type The Model 2074 can output five types of waveforms Standard Arbitrary Seque...

Страница 40: ...tandard waveforms are used both channels share the same run mode as well as delayed trigger and re trigger settings On the other hand each channel can have a unique set of waveform amplitude offset an...

Страница 41: ...are placed in this mode automatically The repetition rate of the half cycle waveforms is given in units of Hz Both channels share the same clock source and therefore when a standard function shape is...

Страница 42: ...ine waveform will hardly resemble the shape of a sinewave and will look more like an up down staircase but with 100 points the same sine waveform will look almost perfect The final shape of the wavefo...

Страница 43: ...mber of segments and by the shape of the waveforms Figure 1 10 shows typical front panel for the arbitrary waveform display and Figure 1 11 shows typical ArbConnection panel as displayed when ArbConne...

Страница 44: ...d When in sequenced mode there is no time gap between linked or looped segments Sequence tables must be loaded to the generator before sequenced waveforms can be generated The data for the sequence ta...

Страница 45: ...twice segment 1 repeated four times and segment 3 repeated two times Figure 1 15 Sequenced Waveform Figure 1 16 shows typical front panel entry for the above sequence and Figure 1 17 shows the wavefo...

Страница 46: ...loops and advance bits When placed in sequenced mode the output is changing from link to link in an ascending order The term Sequence Advance Modes defines what is causing the instrument to step from...

Страница 47: ...step advance mode are summarized in Table 1 3 Single Single sequence advance is the mode that you want to use when the sequence is expected to advance on triggers only The trigger source is selectabl...

Страница 48: ...rigger Re Trigger Active Active Disabled Active Disabled Mixed Continuous Triggered Gated Burst Active Disabled Disabled Disabled External Bus Mixed Delayed Trigger Re Trigger Active Active Disabled A...

Страница 49: ...y can be programmed using the CW Frequency menu The value programmed for the CW Frequency parameter is used for all other modulation functions n PSK The n PSK function allows shifts through multiple p...

Страница 50: ...ilable for the user including re trigger and trigger delay Auxiliary Functions The 2074 besides its standard waveform generation functions has two additional auxiliary functions that can transform the...

Страница 51: ...alone counter timer instrument When using this function one could select the measurement function gate time trigger level and hold the measurement till condition requires a reading The readings are t...

Страница 52: ...ch relay This feature is useful for connecting the main outputs to an analog bus For safety reasons when power is first applied to the chassis the main output is always off Customizing the Output Unit...

Страница 53: ...The rest is a matter of practice and knowledge of the language in use There are other system considerations like address selection that have to be settled before programming the instrument These topic...

Страница 54: ...ts 2 3 Grounding Requirements 2 3 Long Term Storage or Repackaging for Shipment 2 4 Preparation for Use 2 4 Installation 2 4 Installing Software Utilities 2 5 Controlling the Instrument from Remote 2...

Страница 55: ...azardous conditions may be present CAUTION This product is intended for use by qualified persons who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible inj...

Страница 56: ...n is automatic and does not require switch setting The instrument operates over the power mains frequency range of 48 to 63Hz Always verify that the operating power mains voltage is the same as that s...

Страница 57: ...hipped to Tabor Electronics for calibration or repair attach a tag to the instrument identifying the owner Note the problem symptoms and service or repair desired Record the model and serial number of...

Страница 58: ...without the hustle of writing complex programs and utilities This is also a great tool for you to experiment simple or complex command string to gain experience before you write your own code ArbConne...

Страница 59: ...puter and a single device with USB is most recommended as this does not require any specific considerations and device configuration Just connect your Tabor 2074 to your PC using a standard USB cable...

Страница 60: ...hich of the interfaces is selected compare the following icons to what you have on the screen Designates GPIB interface is selected and active GPIB configuration is required to communicate with your P...

Страница 61: ...t the GPIB as your active remote interface Setting a remote interface is done from the Select interface menu Information how to select and Interface is given hereinbefore Figure 2 2 GPIB Configuration...

Страница 62: ...driver If you know the logical letter for your CD drive type in the information in the path field If you are not sure where this driver is click on the Browse button and look for the path Check the ap...

Страница 63: ...2074 User Manual 2 10 Figure 2 5 Choose Your Search and installation Options Figure 2 6 Windows Logo Warning Message...

Страница 64: ...it has found a USB serial port as shown in Figure 2 8 Figure 2 8 Found New Hardware USB Serial Port Proceed with the installation till a logical drive is assigned to the USB port The process is very s...

Страница 65: ...2074 User Manual 2 12 Figure 2 9 Choose Your Search and installation Options Figure 3 10 Windows Logo Warning Message...

Страница 66: ...ends the process unless you want to verify that the drivers and the port are correctly assigned on your PC To make sure your USB port and the Tabor 2074 configured correctly compare your Device Manage...

Страница 67: ...TOP menu button then select the Utility soft key and scroll down with the dial to the Remote Setup option and press the Enter key The LAN 10 100 soft key will update the display with the LAN parameter...

Страница 68: ...ork administrator for the setting that will best suit your application IP address The unique computer readable address of a device on your network An IP address typically is represented as four decima...

Страница 69: ...5 are valid for the third number of the IP address but this number must be the same as other devices on your network if your subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 Table 2 1 shows examples of valid and invalid...

Страница 70: ...un ipconfig with the all option by typing IPCONFIG all at the DOS prompt This shows you all of the settings for the computer Make sure you use the settings for the LAN adapter you are using to communi...

Страница 71: ...2074 User Manual 2 18 This page intentionally left blank...

Страница 72: ...ging the Output Frequency 3 14 Changing the Sample Clock Frequency 3 15 Programming the Amplitude and Offset 3 16 Selecting a Run Mode 3 18 Triggered Mode 3 19 Delayed Trigger 3 20 Re Trigger 3 20 Gat...

Страница 73: ...n 3 59 Counter Timer Menus 3 60 Counter Timer Limitations 3 61 Using the Half Cycle Waveforms 3 62 Accessing the half Cycle Menus 3 62 Half Cycle Menus 3 63 Synchronizing Multiple Instruments 3 64 Con...

Страница 74: ...her Model 5064 or Model 1074 refer to the specification list and ignore references to frequency and sample clock limits that exceed those which are listed in Appendix A Inter Channel Dependency The 20...

Страница 75: ...The Model 2074 provides protection for internal circuitry connected to input and output connectors Refer to the specifications in Appendix A to determine the level of protection associated with each...

Страница 76: ...ns power and the power to the 2074 is left on Resetting the 2074 If you are not yet fully familiar with front panel operation of the 2074 you may find yourself locked into a dead end situation where n...

Страница 77: ...Level 1 6 V Common Trigger Source External Common Trigger Delay Off Common Re Trigger Off Common Modulation State Off Common Controlling the 2074 Controlling 2074 function modes and parameters is simp...

Страница 78: ...r the parameter has been modified the Enter button locks in the new variable and releases the buttons for other operations 2 When the 2074 is placed in Triggered run mode the Man Trig button can be us...

Страница 79: ...menus as summarized in Tables 3 2 to 3 5 Note that the description in these tables is given for general understanding of what is available in terms of operating the instrument For detailed instruction...

Страница 80: ...SK PSK Type Programs the PSK type PSK BPSK QPSK OQPSK pi 4DQPSK 8PSK and 16PSK C n PSK PSK Data Displays and edits n PSK data table Also provides access to demonstration data symbols D n PSK CW Contro...

Страница 81: ...Soft Key TOP Menu 2nd Level Menu 3rd Level Menu Notes C Utility Provides access to factory reset display customization remote setup and system parameters Factory Reset Allows reset of all 2074 paramet...

Страница 82: ...er Counter Function Selects the counter timer measurement function B Display Time Selects between continuous and single measurement cycles C Gate Time Programs the counter gate time D Trigger Level Pr...

Страница 83: ...ress ON OFF to toggle main output on and off Notice when you turn on the output the LED which is associated with the programmed output is turned on as well 1 2 3 5 7 4 6 8 Figure 3 3 Enabling and Disa...

Страница 84: ...he following procedure to select an output waveform type Note that there are sub menus associated with each output type menu Accessing and using these sub menus is described later in this chapter The...

Страница 85: ...Arbitrary waveform sample clock frequency is measured in units of S s samples per second The frequency of a given arbitrary waveform at the output connector is dependant on sample clock frequency the...

Страница 86: ...and to discard of any change made to this parameter Changing the Sample Clock Frequency The frequency of the sample clock will affect the output waveform only if arbitrary or sequenced waveforms are g...

Страница 87: ...exceeded Offset Amplitude Window 2 The first thing you do before you program amplitude and offset setting is define which of the channels is being programmed The active channel is displayed at the upp...

Страница 88: ...programmed the same way as amplitude except select Offset from the soft key menus to access the offset parameter Note If you use the dial or arrow keys to modify the amplitude or offset parameters the...

Страница 89: ...te the required trigger stimuli without the need to connect to external devices Figure 3 8 show the run mode options Press one of the soft keys in the left to select the required run mode Description...

Страница 90: ...TRIG control When in BUS the hardware inputs are ignored and only remote commands can trigger the instrument The MIX is a special trigger advance mode that senses the first remote trigger and only the...

Страница 91: ...ns and can be increased to over 20 seconds with 20 ns resolution Re Trigger The re trigger function operates in conjunction with the triggered and counted burst modes When enabled it does not modify...

Страница 92: ...m There are two parameters you can adjust for the gated mode Source defines the gating signal source Since the gated run mode relies on hardware transitions only EXT is a valid source for the gated mo...

Страница 93: ...irst remote trigger and only then enables the hardware sources There are four parameters you can adjust for this mode Source defines the trigger source EXT enables the rear panel trigger input BUS ena...

Страница 94: ...the SYNC Output The 2074 has four sync outputs one for every channel located on the rear panel The outputs are always active regardless if the main output is turned on or off and therefore for safety...

Страница 95: ...c channel Applying Filters Four filters are available for each channel These filters have fixed cutoff frequencies of which their properties are specified in Appendix A The built in filters are switch...

Страница 96: ...uts The SCLK input is located on the rear panel Use this input to replace the internal sample clock generator The external sample clock input accepts ECL level signals terminated to 2V into 50 The 10...

Страница 97: ...ality of the generator determines how closeness of the waveform generation to its pure mathematical properties The 2074 has a library of 10 standard waveforms Sine Triangle Square Ramp pulse sinc Gaus...

Страница 98: ...he Programming Amplitude and Offset section in this chapter Note that setting the amplitude parameter in this menu overrides amplitude setting in all other menus Offset programs the offset of the outp...

Страница 99: ...uare wave duty cycle pulse width to period ratio The duty cycle is programmed as percent of the period The default value is 50 Reset Parameters Resets the square wave parameters to their original fact...

Страница 100: ...slight difference the ramp can be adjusted for its rise and fall times The ramp waveform is a very common waveform and is required for numerous applications however not being a true ramp generator the...

Страница 101: ...very common waveform and is need for the majority of the applications however not being a true pulse generator the pulse parameters are computed and programmed as percent of the pulse period The wavef...

Страница 102: ...waveform is a very common waveform and is required in many applications however not being a true pulse generator the sinc pulse parameters are re computed every time a parameter is changed 1000 point...

Страница 103: ...d above 200 kHz the number of points is being reduced automatically The gaussian pulse waveform is reasonable up to about 20 MHz where 10 points are available to generate its shape As the number of po...

Страница 104: ...inc pulse waveform parameters These are Frequency programs the frequency of the sinc waveform Note that at low frequencies up to about 200 kHz when you modify the frequency parameter the output respon...

Страница 105: ...f 200 kHz output frequency sample clock frequency number of points As frequency is increased above 200 kHz the number of points is being reduced automatically The noise waveform is reasonable up to ab...

Страница 106: ...o the instrument The 2074 is supplied with waveform creation and editing called ArbConnection Besides waveform generation ArbConnection has instrument control features sequence table generator pulse c...

Страница 107: ...require simulation of long waveforms without repeatable segments The only way to create such waveforms is having sufficient memory depth On the other hand if you do not need to use very long waveforms...

Страница 108: ...et value of the arbitrary waveform The offset and the amplitude can be freely programmed within a 10V window 5V to 5V rails Active Segment Defines which of the segments in the working memory is curren...

Страница 109: ...d separately To generate a sequence you must first download waveforms to the instrument generate a sequence table and download the sequence table to the instrument Sequences are generated easily using...

Страница 110: ...1 Figures 1 12 through 1 15 The sequence table as shown in Figure 3 17 specifies Link Seg Loops and Adv Description of the various elements within the sequence table is given below Link This paramete...

Страница 111: ...how to output sequenced waveforms and how to program sequence parameters To select Sequenced waveforms as the output waveform type press Waveforms then Sequenced The screen as shown in Figure 3 18 wi...

Страница 112: ...therefore if you selected continuous run mode for the 2074 you will not see the Single advance mode in the advance mode options list Similarly if you selected triggered run mode Stepped and Mixed will...

Страница 113: ...the sequence function Edit Step Provides entry point to the table You may scroll between the fields using the arrow keys If you want to edit a specific step place the cursor on the step and press Ent...

Страница 114: ...ent can be programmed with its associated loop repeat number AUTO is the default sequence advance mode Note to use this mode the 2074 must be in continuous operating mode Stepped Using this advance mo...

Страница 115: ...step the instrument will generate this step and its associated number of repeats then will wait for the next trigger to advance to the next step 1 Refer to Figure 3 20 and select the Advance Mode with...

Страница 116: ...m the Modulation Type menu Refer to Figure 3 21 and use the following procedure to select the modulation type 1 Press on the Modulation Type soft key The following options will display Off n PSK and n...

Страница 117: ...programmed in this menu is shared by all other waveform options Figure 3 22 Modulation OFF Parameters n PSK There are 6 different types of phase shift keying that the 2074 can generate BPSK QPSK OQPSK...

Страница 118: ...e CW frequency is programmable from 10 Hz to 50 MHz Symbol rate programs the rate of which symbols step through The rates can be programmed from 1 symbol s to 1e6 symbols s Marker defines an index poi...

Страница 119: ...cations that are non standard The user PSK display is shown in figure 3 25 The symbols can be designed on the 2074 display or on the User PSK Control Data String dialog box as shown in figure 3 26 Aft...

Страница 120: ...able is empty so the symbols must be loaded into the table before the n QAM function can be used For testing and or demonstration purpose a default table is available to download from the front panel...

Страница 121: ...when you move from waveform shape to another Figure 3 27 64QAM Display Example Figure 3 28 64QAM Data Entry Table Example User QAM The User QAM function is similar to the n QAM function except the sy...

Страница 122: ...orm generation functions has two additional auxiliary functions that can transform the instrument to one of two stand alone full featured instruments Digital Pulse Generator and Counter Timer In addit...

Страница 123: ...orms that were downloaded to the memory Use the instructions below to access and program the pulse menus 1 Press TOP to display the root menu 2 Press the arrow down key once and observe that the Auxil...

Страница 124: ...d parameter on the screen press the key up or down to scroll through the menus The technique of changing parameter values is exactly the same as you are using to modify standard waveform parameters Si...

Страница 125: ...understanding the pulse generation process The 2074 is actually an arbitrary waveform generator not a pulse generator however with some firmware changes the same memory that is being used by the arbi...

Страница 126: ...ude level of the pulse Any value is acceptable as long as it is larger than the low level setting and does not exceed 10 V and does not fall short of the 50 mV minimum high to low level setting Low Le...

Страница 127: ...programming pulse parameters for one channel only This option is specifically useful because you may want to program one channel while the other channel was already programmed before and its parameter...

Страница 128: ...lse design by assigning the correct pulse period and only then work your way down the parameters list 3 Only single and double pulse can be designed Just as a stand alone pulse generator the capabilit...

Страница 129: ...ation are purged and the 2074 can be used for measurements only Accessing the Counter Timer Menus The digital counter timer function provides means of measuring timing characteristics of external sign...

Страница 130: ...ons Frequency Period Period Averaged Pulse Width and Totalize either within a specified gate time or infinitely Observe Figure 3 37 and use the instructions below to access and select one of the count...

Страница 131: ...nd armed for the next measurement This mode is especially useful for systems applications where reading must be prepared only once and taken at a specific time Gate Time The gate time defines how long...

Страница 132: ...is set to hold Counter Timer Limitations Keeping in mind that the counter timer is a by product of the AWG one should understand there are limitations to what this product can do Summary of the counte...

Страница 133: ...cycle is generated only after a valid trigger signal is sensed at the trigger input connector The half cycle waveforms can also be triggered from remote Accessing the half Cycle Menus 1 There are thre...

Страница 134: ...d from 200 ns to 20 s with increments of 20 ns Frequency defines the frequency of the half cycle waveforms as if they were combined to a single cycle waveform Actually if you want to calculate the per...

Страница 135: ...share the same run mode i e continuous triggered etc To achieve synchronization you must have special inter connection cables and in addition LAN cables that either connect to a LAN network or in case...

Страница 136: ...tors These are SMB type connectors They are connected as follows The SCLK OUT and the COUPLE OUT connectors on the master module are connected to the SCLK IN and the COUPLE IN on adjacent slave unit A...

Страница 137: ...ments synchronization menus 6 Press the Properties soft key button and select the role of the instrument as mater as shown in figure 3 66 You may select from this menu if the instrument will be master...

Страница 138: ...re identified by their LAN address Press the Slaves IP Address soft key button to access the identification menu as shown in Figure 3 43 There are two additional soft key commands added as you enter t...

Страница 139: ...mode to operate synchronously For example units in burst mode will synchronize however one set to continuous and the another to burst will not synchronize 5 Both master and slave units must be placed...

Страница 140: ...ing you ll see the two rising edges of the 2074 signals They do not overlap exactly because the instrument has a skew spec of 1 ns Skew is caused as a result of many factors Although the two channels...

Страница 141: ...form points are used and what is the best resolution you may get Simply look at the display of the standard waveform You may not control the sample clock frequency when you use standard waveforms howe...

Страница 142: ...form points are being used for generating the shape This is true even if the number of waveform points do not allow such resolution however it is also limited to 50MHz maximum The phase offset for sin...

Страница 143: ...there is a constant phase offset between the channels this phase offset is always 90 The constant phase offset for the modulated waveform is especially valuable for generating I Q vectors Customizing...

Страница 144: ...ce you can adjust the display to show the exact level on your load The adjustment as you can see in Figure 3 47 can be made separately for each channel The default load impedance setting is 50 Monitor...

Страница 145: ...2074 User Manual 3 74 Figure 3 48 Reading the 2074 Internal Temperature...

Страница 146: ...7 The Operation Panels 4 8 Main 4 9 Standard 4 11 Arbitrary Sequence 4 12 Using the Memory Partition Table 4 14 Using the Waveform Studio 4 16 Trigger 4 20 The Modulation Panels 4 22 FM Error Bookmark...

Страница 147: ...omposer 4 37 The Toolbar 4 43 The Waveform Screen 4 44 Generating Waveforms Using the Equation Editor 4 45 Writing Equations 4 47 Equation Convention 4 48 Typing Equations 4 49 Equation Samples 4 50 C...

Страница 148: ...stallation 6 Last but not least some basic knowledge how to operate computers and Windows based programs ArbConnection operation is divided into three main functions 1 Front panel control 2 Waveform g...

Страница 149: ...ind the answer to a question in this guide call your distributor or the LeCroy customer support service near you and we ll gladly assist you with your problems For the Advanced User If you are already...

Страница 150: ...he program in the way you intend to use it For example if you are using a GPIB device that has address 4 you can click on the Specify an Address option and type in the required address so the next tim...

Страница 151: ...y Trigger and the other buttons will bring up to the screen panels that are associated with these names The Composers button provides access to the Waveform and Pulse composers The first time you laun...

Страница 152: ...d bar at the center of the button indicating that the function is on The second mouse click will turn the function off Radio Buttons Are used for changing operating modes or selecting between mode opt...

Страница 153: ...mechanism for the high and low limits You cannot exceed the limits if you are using the dial but only if you use the keypad In case you do the program will not let you download an illegal parameter a...

Страница 154: ...ps allow from left to right adjustment of amplitude and offset selection of waveform mode selection of run mode and control over SYNC and Main output parameters Controls where applicable are provided...

Страница 155: ...ou can select between continuous triggered gated and burst modes There is no additional panel associated with the continuous mode but if you press one of the other run mode options you ll be able to a...

Страница 156: ...be adjusted for the sine and triangle waveforms and duty cycle can be adjusted for the square waveform The pulse waveform can be adjusted for rise and fall time as well as width and delay Parameters t...

Страница 157: ...y Sequence Panel from the Panels menu the 2074 will not change its output type On the other hand if you select the arbitrary or the sequenced options from the Main Panel the 2074 will immediately chan...

Страница 158: ...signal is connected to the external sample clock connector on the rear panel To access the required parameter click on the button until the LED next to the required parameter turns on The value that i...

Страница 159: ...button Using the Memory Partition Table If you want to learn more about waveform memory and segment control you should refer to section 3 of this manual In general the 2074 can generate arbitrary wave...

Страница 160: ...y will remove all segments from the table and will let you start designing your segment table from fresh Click on the Close to discard of the contents of the dialog box without saving your last action...

Страница 161: ...into three parts the table area the waveform shape area and control buttons When you point and click on one of the waveforms its shape is shown in the Waveform Shape window The Segment Table has four...

Страница 162: ...nt above a highlighted segment line Delete removes a highlighted segment Channel 1 shows segment table for channel 1 only Channel 2 shows segment table for channel 2 only Channel 3 shows segment table...

Страница 163: ...rator to take these segments and replay them as part of the complete waveform without loosing valuable memory space and without scarifying waveform coherences or integrity The tool for using repetitiv...

Страница 164: ...for the selected link For example if you program 2 the waveform will cycle twice through the same segment before transitioning to the next link Adv This parameter flags the advance mode for the specif...

Страница 165: ...soon as the active sequence is selected Trigger The Trigger panel as shown in Figure 4 11 is invoked by pressing the Trigger button on the Panels bar Note that if you invoke the Trigger Panel from the...

Страница 166: ...nly bus commands trigger the instrument The External position is the default trigger option which enables the rear panel trigger input and the front panel manual trigger button The Mixed position disa...

Страница 167: ...cy parameter is common to all of the modulation functions Figure 4 12 the Modulation Panels n PSK The n PSK panel contains parameters for controlling multiple phase modulation options To select one of...

Страница 168: ...displayed in the Phase field The sequence of which the symbols are generated at the output has the same order as was entered in the Vector list For applications requiring non standard phase values us...

Страница 169: ...channels and therefore there is no separation to individual channels Marker Index The marker setting programs a specific step index in the control data string to output a pulse at the SYNC output con...

Страница 170: ...standard amplitude phase values use the Symbol Design option to design your custom symbols Figure 4 16 the n QAM Modulation Panel Figure 4 17 64QAM Data Table Sample Symbol Design The Symbol Design ta...

Страница 171: ...2074 User Manual 4 26 Symbol Design table you can design and associate any symbol with any vector as you desire Figure 4 18 Symbol Design Table Sample...

Страница 172: ...Each of the panels is described below Figure 4 19 the Auxiliary Panels Counter Timer The Counter Timer panel contains controls that select the measurement function and adjusts the counter timer parame...

Страница 173: ...te time readings In normal mode the counter is armed to receive signal at the trigger input When signal is sensed the gate to the counter opens for duration as programmed with the Gate Time parameter...

Страница 174: ...nerator functions select of the output generates single or double pulse shape and selects the pulse polarity from one of the Normal Complemented and Inverted options Pulse Parameters There are two typ...

Страница 175: ...shared group has parameters that are shared by all channels The shared parameters are Frequency Delay and the half cycle state Note that the frequency value is a bit different than the standard frequ...

Страница 176: ...s instruments for the setting and therefore a dialog box is invoked when you hit the X Instrument Sync button There are some preliminary actions you must take before you can synchronize instruments of...

Страница 177: ...or Connect all instruments in the chain 4 Turn on the instruments and set all of them up to operate from a LAN interface Information how to set up the 2074 to operate from a LAN interface is given in...

Страница 178: ...ar in mind that some functions are shared by all modules and therefore can only be modified on the master instrument Chapter 3 describes the synchronization aspects and Appendix A lists the multi inst...

Страница 179: ...the various parameters that control these functions are described below Figure 4 27 the General Filters Panel System The System group has three buttons that are normally associated with system control...

Страница 180: ...ons are available Off no filter is applied to the output path 25MHz a Bessel type filter that has 25 MHz cutoff frequency 50MHz a Bessel type filter that has 50 MHz cutoff frequency 60MHz an Elliptic...

Страница 181: ...omposers built into ArbConnection Wave for generating arbitrary waveforms Arbitrary waveforms can be generated from standard libraries from an equation editor or imported to the composer from external...

Страница 182: ...features and options so use the following paragraphs to learn how to create edit and download waveforms to the 2074 using the Waveform Composer To launch the wave composer point and click on the Wave...

Страница 183: ...ommand will let you browse your disk for previously saved waveform files and load these waveforms to the waveform area This command is also very useful for converting waveform files to format that is...

Страница 184: ...The Autoline command lets you draw straight line segments To draw a line the left mouse button at the start point Click again at the next point and then click on the right mouse button to terminate th...

Страница 185: ...ert The Invert command lets you invert the entire waveforms or marked segments of waveforms The waveform is inverted about the 0 point axis Trim Left The trim left command lets you trim waveforms to t...

Страница 186: ...as shown in Figure 4 32 you ll see that the white portion is the zoomed area Click and hold on the white area and move your cursor around and the waveform screen will be updated accordingly Figure 4...

Страница 187: ...s shown in Figure 4 33 will appear You can now start programming parameters that are available in this box Start Point Defines the first point where the created wave will start Note that if you change...

Страница 188: ...toolbar contains icons for editing the waveform screen icons for saving and loading waveforms fields for selecting an active channel and for adjusting segment length and more The Toolbar is shown in...

Страница 189: ...Both axes are divided into points The vertical axis is labeled from 8191 through 8192 for a total of 16 384 point This number represents 14 bits of vertical resolution and cannot be changed because it...

Страница 190: ...form An example of anchor placement using the sine dialog box is shown in Figure 4 33 Finally when you are done creating and editing your waveform you can save your work to a directory of your choice...

Страница 191: ...equation or 2 if the Level Adjuster is set to Auto Information on these two operations is given later Max defines the positive peak of the vertical axis Min defines the negative peak of the vertical...

Страница 192: ...ues The Cancel button will remove the dialog box from the screen and will discard of any waveforms that you previewed with your Equation Editor Writing Equations The Equation Editor lets you process m...

Страница 193: ...g which equals 2 pi per and numerals in the range of 1E 20 to 1E 20 There are three classes of precedence raise to power has the highest precedence multiply and divide come second and have the lowest...

Страница 194: ...y sign otherwise you ll get a syntax error Now we ll try to generate a simple sine waveform Try this Amplitude p sin 10 Press Preview and sorry you still get nothing on the screen The Wave Composer di...

Страница 195: ...eresting Take the straight line equation and add it to the sinewave equation Amplitude p 12000 sin omg p l0 8 p 4000 Press Preview Your screen should look like Figure 4 37 Figure 4 37 an Equation Edit...

Страница 196: ...added to a standard sinewave The original waveform had a peak to peak value of 24000 points so 19 second harmonic is equivalent to 4500 points The frequency of the second harmonic is obviously double...

Страница 197: ...of sinewave made to decay exponentially The original expression for a standard sinewave is multiplied by the term e p 250 Increasing the value of the divisor 200 in this case will slow down the rate...

Страница 198: ...ve are amplitude modulated with 10 cycles of sine wave with a modulation depth of 20 To achieve this the upper and lower sidebands are defined separately and added to the fundamental or carrier The up...

Страница 199: ...ension as shown in the example below Amplitude p Sine wav sin omg p 10 Noise wav 1000 The above equation will generate amplitude modulated waveform with added noise The following steps demonstrate how...

Страница 200: ...tion Editor 4 55 Step 3 Write and compute the original equation Amplitude p c Sine wav sin omg p 5 c Noise wav 10 If you did not make any mistakes your waveform screen should look as shown in Figure 4...

Страница 201: ...he new pulse design If you insist on keeping arbitrary waveforms and still download complex pulses you can check the Force pulse to one segment option and the 2074 will do some extra muscle flexing to...

Страница 202: ...ll remove the waveform from the screen If you made changes to the waveform area and use the New command you should save your work before clearing the screen The New command is destructive to the displ...

Страница 203: ...Append Section command lets you append a new section at the end of the pulse train Only one new section can be appended at the end of the train If an empty section already exists the append command wi...

Страница 204: ...te pulse trains is given later in this chapter Full Train The view Full Train shows on the pulse screen all sections of the pulse train Eventually when all pulse sections have been designed the entire...

Страница 205: ...se composer to the way it should deal with operational modes and the waveform memory Information on options is given later in this chapter Figure 4 45 the Pulse Editor Options Tools Commands The Tools...

Страница 206: ...it to generate the required pulse shape There are a number of terms that will be used throughout the following description Make yourself familiar with these terms before you proceed with actual desig...

Страница 207: ...2074 User Manual 4 62 Figure 4 47 Complete Pulse Train Design Figure 4 48 Section 5 of the Pulse Train Design...

Страница 208: ...ur waveform memory Click on View Options and refer to Figure 4 49 throughout the following description Figure 4 49 Selecting Pulse Editor Options Setting the Pulse Editor Options As shown in Figure 4...

Страница 209: ...erwrite memory segments that you already used previously for the arbitrary function however this is the recommended option for the program and for the example we are going to build later Pulse Transit...

Страница 210: ...t be switched during the section design DC Intervals programs pulse duration using DC levels only Transition times for this format are at the maximum rate that the generator can produce For example if...

Страница 211: ...x Level Time Interval and Cumulative Time Index Is added automatically as you program pulse segments The index line is highlighted as you point and click on pulse segments on the pulse editor screen L...

Страница 212: ...The control buttons allow appending inserting and deleting one or all index lines The Undo button is useful in cases where an error was made and restoration of the last operation is critical Pulse Ex...

Страница 213: ...ble on the composer screen On the left bottom corner of the composer Vertical Scale is showing 10 V 1 25 V Div and Horizontal Scale is showing 14 ms 1 4 ms Div These two values are critical for the in...

Страница 214: ...case the only way to recover is to delete all entries and start from an empty index list Type the section entries as shown in Figure 4 52 Pulse Example Section 3 The second pulse section is complete W...

Страница 215: ...A new section number will appear and will show empty next to the section identifier Before you start entering values to this section note that there is only one linear transition required for this se...

Страница 216: ...k on the Edit command and select the Append Section option A new section number will appear and will show empty next to the section identifier Note that there are fast transitions required for this se...

Страница 217: ...Figures 4 47 and 4 55 If you are happy with the results the next step is to download what you see on the pulse composer screen to the generator One more step before you download the waveform to the i...

Страница 218: ...ns Arbitrary or sequenced Pay attention to the note that says Select from the menu View Options Since we checked the Force Pulse Train to Single Segment see Figure 4 50 the generator determines that t...

Страница 219: ...or syntax that you use in your application will behave exactly the same way as it responds to the editor commands A complete list of SCPI commands is available in Chapter 5 Logging SCPI Commands The...

Страница 220: ...4 ArbConnection Logging SCPI Commands 4 75 Figure 4 58 Log File Example...

Страница 221: ...2074 User Manual 4 76 This page was intentionally left blank...

Страница 222: ...n Parameters 5 6 Arbitrary Block Parameters 5 6 Binary Block Parameters 5 7 SCPI Syntax and Styles 5 7 Instrument Control Commands 5 14 Standard Waveforms Control Commands 5 24 Arbitrary Waveforms Con...

Страница 223: ...isters 5 75 The Status Byte Register STB 5 75 Reading the Status Byte Register 5 76 Clearing the Status Byte Register 5 76 Service Request Enable Register SRE 5 78 Standard Event Status Register ESR 5...

Страница 224: ...over the GPIB are defined by the SCPI 1993 0 standard The SCPI standard defines a common language protocol It goes one step further than IEEE STD 488 2 and defines a standard set of commands to contr...

Страница 225: ...brackets The brackets are not sent with the command string A value for the frequency parameter such as FREQ 50e 6 must be specified Some parameters are enclosed in square brackets The brackets indicat...

Страница 226: ...or settings of the generator Commands that set values can be queried for their current value Commands that set modes of operation can be queried for their current mode IEEE STD 488 2 common queries ge...

Страница 227: ...ngs that have a limited number of values i e FIXed USER and SEQuence They have short and long form command keywords Upper and lowercase letters can be mixed Query responses always return the short for...

Страница 228: ...so known as the tree system Square brackets are used to enclose a keyword that is optional when programming the command that is the 2074 will process the command to have the same effect whether the op...

Страница 229: ...M 50M 60M 120M NONE SYNC POSition 0 to 1e6 1 0 to 2e6 1 with option 2M 0 SOURce ROSCillator SOURce INTernal EXTernal INT FREQuency CW 10e 3 to 80e6 MINimum MAXimum 1e6 RASTer 1 5 to 200e6 MINimum MAXi...

Страница 230: ...to 99 999 10 WIDth 0 to 99 999 10 TRANsition LEADing 0 to 99 999 10 TRAiling 0 to 99 999 10 RAMP DELay 0 to 99 99 0 TRANsition LEADing 0 to 99 99 60 TRAiling 0 to 99 99 30 SINC NCYCle 4 to 100 10 GAUS...

Страница 231: ...SYNC TYPe BIT LCOMplete LCOM Modulated Waveforms Commands SOURce MODulation TYPE OFF PSK QAM OFF CARRier FREQuency 10 to 50e6 1e6 LOAD DEMO Modulated Waveforms Commands continued PSK TYPE BPSK QPSK OQ...

Страница 232: ...9 to 20 200e 9 GATE STATe OFF ON 0 1 0 LEVel 5 to 5 1 6 SOURce ADVance BUS EXTernal MIXed EXT SLOPe POSitive NEGative POS RETRigger STATe OFF ON 0 1 0 TIMe 200e 9 to 20 200e 9 Auxiliary Functions Comm...

Страница 233: ...990 0 HIGH 0 to 1e3 1e 3 POLarity NORMal COMPlement INVerted NORM PERiod 64e 9 to 1e6 64e 9 to 2e6 with option 2 10e 3 STATe OFF ON 0 1 1 TRANsition LEADing 0 to 1e3 1e 3 TRAiling 0 to 1e3 1e 3 Syste...

Страница 234: ...o r B o o k m a r k n o 5 13 Table 5 1 Model 2074 SCPI Commands List Summary continued Keyword Parameter Form Default System Commands continued CLS ESE 1 to 255 1 OPC RST SRE 1 to 255 1 TRG ESR IDN OP...

Страница 235: ...ted where applicable Table 5 2 Instrument Control Commands Summary Keyword Parameter Range Default INSTrument SELect 1 2 3 4 n 1 COUPle MODE MASTer SLAVe MAST DELay 0 to 20 0 SLAVe DELete LAN_IP_addre...

Страница 236: ...STer SLAVe Description This command will assign master or slave properties to the instrument If the assignment is slave most of the instrument operational functions will be controlled from the master...

Страница 237: ...nt COUPle SLAVe DELete LAN_address Description This command will delete a designated slave unit from a synchronized multi instruments system list Parameters Name Type Default Description LAN_address S...

Страница 238: ...e load impedance that will be applied to the 2074 output Parameters Name Type Default Description load Numeric integer only 50 Will specify the load impedance that will be applied to the 2074 outputs...

Страница 239: ...when standard waveform is generated 25M Discrete Connects a 25MHz Bessel type filter to the output path 50M Discrete Connects a 50MHz Bessel type filter to the output path 65M Discrete Connects a 25M...

Страница 240: ...hertz Hz It has no affect on arbitrary waveforms Parameters Name Range Type Default Description freq 10e 3 to 80e6 Numeric 1e6 Will set the frequency of the standard waveform in units of Hz Although t...

Страница 241: ...Ximum Discrete Will set the frequency of the standard waveform to the highest possible frequency 200e6 Response The 2074 will return the present sample clock frequency value The returned value will be...

Страница 242: ...d value will be in standard scientific format for example 100mV would be returned as 100e 3 positive numbers are unsigned VOLTage OFFSet offs Description This command programs the amplitude offset of...

Страница 243: ...d information on arbitrary waveforms in the appropriate sections in this manual SEQuenced Discrete Selects the sequenced waveform output To generate a sequence you must first download waveform coordin...

Страница 244: ...s function all waveform generation of the 2074 are purged and the 2074 is transformed to behave as if it was a stand alone half cycle generator The half cycle generator functions and parameters can be...

Страница 245: ...ameter range and low and high limits are listed where applicable Table 5 3 Instrument Control Commands Summary Keyword Parameter Range Default FUNCtion SHAPe SINusoid TRIangle SQUare PULSe RAMP SINC G...

Страница 246: ...e built in library EXPonential Discrete Selects the exponential waveform from the built in library GAUSsian Discrete Selects the gaussian waveform from the built in library DC Discrete Selects the DC...

Страница 247: ...YCle duty_cycle Description This command programs duty cycle of the standard square waveform This command has no affect on arbitrary waveforms Parameters Name Range Type Default Description duty_cycle...

Страница 248: ...om low to high of the standard pulse waveform This command has no affect on arbitrary waveforms Parameters Name Range Type Default Description rise 0 to 99 999 Numeric 10 Programs the pulse rise time...

Страница 249: ...ndard ramp waveform This command has no affect on arbitrary waveforms Parameters Name Range Type Default Description rise 0 to 99 99 Numeric 60 Programs the pulse rise time parameter in units of perce...

Страница 250: ...t exp Description This command programs the exponent for the standard gaussian pulse waveform This command has no affect on arbitrary waveforms Parameters Name Range Type Default Description exp 4 to...

Страница 251: ...nt for the standard exponential waveform This command has no affect on arbitrary waveforms Parameters Name Range Type Default Description amplitude 5 to 5 Numeric 5 Programs the DC amplitude parameter...

Страница 252: ...rm memory can be divided into smaller segments When the instrument is programmed to output arbitrary waveforms the clock samples the data points one at a time from address 0 to the last address The ra...

Страница 253: ...large quantities of data As an example the next command will download to the generator an arbitrary block of data of 1024 points TRACe 42048 binary_block This command causes the transfer of 2048 bytes...

Страница 254: ...description shows you how to prepare the data for downloading to the 2074 There are a number of points you should be aware of before you start preparing the data 1 Each channel has its own waveform m...

Страница 255: ...n allows definition of segment size Total length of memory segments cannot exceed the size of the waveform memory NOTE The 2074 operates in interlaced mode where four memory cells generate one byte of...

Страница 256: ...o 10k Numeric integer only 1 Selects the segment number of which will be deleted TRACe DELete ALL Description This command will delete all segments and will clear the entire waveform memory This comma...

Страница 257: ...to the segment table buffer The header is interpreted this way The ASCII 23 designates the start of the binary data block 2 designates the number of digits that follow 12 is the number of bytes to fol...

Страница 258: ...rogram maximum 1M in one segment With the 2M option you can use the full size of 2 Meg 4 Segment table data has 32 bit values of which are used for segment size Therefore Data for each segment must ha...

Страница 259: ...ntitled Generating Arbitrary Waveforms An example of how sequenced waveforms work is demonstrated in figure 1 13 through 1 15 The sequence generator lets you link and loop segments in user defined ord...

Страница 260: ...p sequence to the sequence table buffer The header is interpreted this way The ASCII 23 designates the start of the binary data block 2 designates the number of digits that follow 16 is the number of...

Страница 261: ...s active With the LSB bit set to 0 the sequence generator will advance to the next step automatically With the LSB bit set to 1 the sequence generator will advance to the next step only when a valid t...

Страница 262: ...e output will repeat this segment every time a trigger is received Only after executing all of the programmed loops will the sequence step to the next assigned segment MIXed Discrete Mixed mode is a s...

Страница 263: ...at is associated with the step will be generated repeat 1 to 1M Numeric integer only Programs the repeat number of loops that a specific step will play before advancing to the next step in the sequenc...

Страница 264: ...n sequence_ number 1 to 4096 Numeric integer only 1 Selects the step number of which will be deleted SEQuence DELete ALL Description This command will delete the enire sequence table Before you use th...

Страница 265: ...fter RST are shown in the Default column Parameter range and low and high limits are listed where applicable Table 5 6 Modulated Waveforms Commands Keyword Parameter Form Default SOURce MODulation TYP...

Страница 266: ...urn OFF PSK or QAM depending on the present modulation type setting MODulation CARRier frequency Description This command programs the CW frequency Note that the CW waveform is sine only and its frequ...

Страница 267: ...ols are shifts at a rate determined by the PSK BAUD command and in a sequence as programmed by the PSK DATA table OQPSK Discrete Selects the Offset Phase Shift Keying OPSK modulation type The mapping...

Страница 268: ...PSK OPSK DPSK 8PSK 16PSK or USER on the selected PSK type setting PSK DATA psk_data Description Loads the data stream that will cause the 2074 to hop from phase to phase Data format is a string of 0 a...

Страница 269: ...baud The baud is the interval of which the symbols stream in the n PSK data array as they are clocked with the baud generator Note that this command is dedicated for programming the n PSK modulation...

Страница 270: ...function only where symbols can be freely designed as non standard vectors After you enter the symbol data in this table you must generate the symbol sequence using the PSK DATA command as shown earl...

Страница 271: ...2 bits defines the position of the symbol in each event The instrument steps through these events in a sequence as listed in the QAM DATA table and at a frequency which is programmed using the QAM BAU...

Страница 272: ...is the interval of which the symbols stream in the n QAM data array as they are clocked with the baud generator Parameters Name Range Type Default Description baud 1 to 10e6 Numeric 10e3 Programs the...

Страница 273: ...sequence as defined by the data list Sample 16QAM Data Array 0000 0100 1010 0111 1111 0001 0010 0111 0101 1111 Parameters Name Type Description qam_data ASCII Block of ASCII data that contains informa...

Страница 274: ...of cycles Additional information on the run mode options and how the 2074 behaves in the various run mode options is given in Chapter 3 Factory defaults after RST are shown in bold typeface Parameter...

Страница 275: ...l affect the 2074 only after it will be set to INIT CONT OFF Parameters Name Type Default Description OFF Discrete OFF Turns the burst run mode off ON Discrete Enables the counted burst run mode Burst...

Страница 276: ...n The trigger delay time parameter defines the time that will elapse from a valid trigger signal to the initiation of the first output waveform Trigger delay can be turned ON and OFF using the trig de...

Страница 277: ...command Parameters Name Type Default Description EXTernal Discrete EXT Activates the rear panel TRIG IN input and the front panel MAN TRIG button Either a front panel button push or a legal signal whi...

Страница 278: ...mmand will toggle the re trigger mode on and off This command will affect the 2074 only after it will be set to INIT CONT OFF Parameters Name Type Default Description OFF Discrete OFF Turns the re tri...

Страница 279: ...able Table 5 8 Auxiliary Commands Keyword Parameter Form Default Digital Pulse Commands AUXiliary PULSe DELay 0 to 10 0 DOUBle STATe OFF ON 0 1 0 DELay 0 to 1e3 1e 3 HIGH 0 to 1e3 1e 3 LEVel HIGH 7 99...

Страница 280: ...program the delayed interval of which the output idles on the low level amplitude until the first transition to high level amplitude Parameters Name Range Type Default Description delay 0 to 10 Numeri...

Страница 281: ...are significantly different The standard terminology of pulse width defines the width of the pulse at the mid point of its peak to peak amplitude level Therefore if you change the rise and fall time t...

Страница 282: ...of volts Note that the low level setting must be smaller than the high level setting Also note that low to high level value must be equal or larger than 10 mV Response The 2074 will return the presen...

Страница 283: ...ic channel from calculating pulse parameters This is specifically useful for accelerating pulse computation for channels that are needed for pulse generation Parameters Range Type Default Description...

Страница 284: ...ogrammed in units of seconds Parameters Name Range Type Default Description fall 0 to 1e3 Numeric 1e 3 Will set the fall time parameter Note that the sum of all parameters including the fall time must...

Страница 285: ...ed and measured processed and results placed on the interface port HOLD Discrete Will select the single reading mode In this case the counter input is armed first and the first valid signal that is se...

Страница 286: ...of the signal is smaller than the gate time setting PERiod Discrete Will select the period measurement function Period can be measured on either continuous or non repetitive signals Since the period o...

Страница 287: ...ounted and displayed continuously until intervened externally The counter can accumulate 8 digits before it will overflow An overflow indication is available Response The 2074 will return FREQ PER APE...

Страница 288: ...set the delay time interval between half cycles in units of seconds Response The 2074 will return the half cycle delay value in units of seconds AUXiliary HALFcycle DCYCle duty_cycle Description This...

Страница 289: ...eters Name Range Type Default Description phase 0 to 360 Numeric 0 Programs the start phase parameter for the half cycle sine and triangle waveforms in units of degrees The phase can be programmable w...

Страница 290: ...r Form Default RESet RST SYSTem ERRor LOCal VERSion INFOrmation CALibration MODel SERial IP ADDRess IP_address MASK mask GATeway gate_way BOOTp OFF ON 0 1 0 HOSTname host_name KEEPalive STATe OFF ON 0...

Страница 291: ...alibration date Response The generator will return the last calibration date in a format similar to the following 24 Oct 2006 10 characters maximum SYSTem INFormation MODel Description Query only This...

Страница 292: ...e subnet mask address for LAN operation The programming must be performed from either USB or GPIB controllers Parameters Name Range Type Description mask_adrs 0 to 255 String Programs the subnet mask...

Страница 293: ...abor customer service person Parameters Name Type Description name String Programs the host name for LAN operation Response The 2074 will return a string containing the host name String length is 16 c...

Страница 294: ...probs Description This command programs the number of probes that are used by the keep alive sequence The keep alive mode assures that LAN connection remains uninterrupted throughout the duration of t...

Страница 295: ...er IDN Query the generator s identity The returned data is organized into four fields separated by commas The generator responds with its manufacturer and model number in the first two fields and may...

Страница 296: ...ate changes are ignored Bits in an event register are automatically cleared by a query of that register or by sending the CLS command The RST command or device clear does not clear bits in an event re...

Страница 297: ...least one condition to request service The MSS bit is not part of the IEEE STD 488 1 status byte and will not be sent in response to a serial poll However the RQS bit if set will be sent in response...

Страница 298: ...ice Dependent Error Execution Error Command Error User Request Power On Standard Event Status Register ESR 6 7 3 2 1 0 6 7 5 4 3 2 1 0 Logical OR RQS MSS ESB MAV Service Request Generation Standard Ev...

Страница 299: ...s all bits in the register SRE1 Not used SRE2 Not used SRE4 Not used SRE8 Not used SRE16 Service request on MAV SRE32 Service request on ESB summary bit SRE128 Not used Standard Event Status Register...

Страница 300: ...andard Event Status Enable Register allows one or more events in the Standard Event Status Register to be reflected in the ESB summary message bit The Standard Event Status Enable Register is an 8 bit...

Страница 301: ...mand does not clear the error queue Use the following command to read the error queue SYSTem ERRor Errors have the following format the error string may contain up to 80 characters 102 Syntax error A...

Страница 302: ...one of the 2074 filters is turned on Corrective action If in sine select another function and activate the filter s 4 Activating burst mode when the 2074 is set to sequence mode or activating sequenc...

Страница 303: ...ower has been shut off or after a CLS command has been executed 410 Query INTERRUPTED A command was received which sends data to the output buffer but the output buffer contained data from a previous...

Страница 304: ...6 7 Skew Between Channels 6 8 Sinewave Characteristics 6 9 Sinewave Distortions 6 9 Sinewave Spectral Purity 6 9 Sinewave Flatness 6 10 Trigger operation Characteristics 6 11 Trigger Gate and Burst C...

Страница 305: ...tion 6 22 Waveform Memory Operation 6 23 Waveform memory 6 23 Remote Interfaces 6 23 GPIB Control 6 23 USB Control 6 24 LAN Control 6 24 Auxiliary Counter Timer Operation 6 25 Frequency 6 25 Period Pe...

Страница 306: ...proper operation of the instrument and should normally be used 1 As a part of the incoming inspection of the instrument specifications 2 As part of the troubleshooting procedure 3 After any repair or...

Страница 307: ...teristics Table 6 1 Recommended Test Equipment Equipment Model No Manufacturer Oscilloscope with jitter package LT342 LeCroy Distortion Analyzer 6900B Krohn Hite Digital Multimeter 2000 Keithley Freq...

Страница 308: ...l 10 000000000Hz 10 Hz 1 0000000000kHz 1mHz 100 00000000kHz 100mHz 1 0000000000MHz 1Hz 80 000000000MHz 80Hz Frequency Accuracy External 10MHz Reference Equipment 10MHz reference at least 0 1ppm Counte...

Страница 309: ...e 6 4 Test Procedure 1 Perform amplitude Accuracy tests on all channels using Table 6 4 Table 6 4 Amplitude Accuracy DAC output 2074 Amplitude DMM Reading Setting Error Limits CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 Pass Fai...

Страница 310: ...rm It includes transition times aberrations and skew between channels Each channel has its own set of amplifiers and attenuators and therefore the characteristics are tested on each channel separately...

Страница 311: ...r the test 2 Connect 2074 Channel outputs to the oscilloscope input 3 Configure the 2074 as follows Waveform Arbitrary SCLK 200 MS s Amplitude 6 V Output On Test Procedure 1 Using ArbConnection prepar...

Страница 312: ...g ArbConnection prepare and download the following waveform Wavelength As required by the test Waveform Sinewave Test Procedure 1 Perform Sinewave distortion tests on all channels using Table 6 7 Tabl...

Страница 313: ...he oscilloscope input Setup As required for the test 2 Connect 2074 Channel outputs to the oscilloscope input 3 Configure the 2074 as follows Amplitude 6 V Output On Frequency Initially 1 kHz then as...

Страница 314: ...he oscilloscope input Setup As required for the test 2 Connect 2074 Channel outputs to the oscilloscope input 3 Configure the function generator as follows Frequency 1 MHz Run Mode As required by the...

Страница 315: ...or output to the 2074 TRIG IN connector 5 Configure the 2074 channel 1 only as follows Frequency 25 MHz Waveform Sinewave Run Mode Burst Burst Count 5 counts each channel Trigger Delay On Delay 5 s Am...

Страница 316: ...the counter 4 Configure the counter to TI A to B measurements 5 Using ArbConnection prepare and download the following waveform Wavelength 100 points Waveform Pulse Delay 0 1 Rise Fall 0 High Time 99...

Страница 317: ...erform trigger delay tests using Tables 6 12 Table 6 12 Re Trigger Delay Tests 2074 Delay Setting Error Limits Counter Reading Pass Fail 1 s 1 s 85 ns 1ms 1 ms 50 s 1s 1 s 50 ms Trigger Slope Equipmen...

Страница 318: ...tput to the oscilloscope input 3 Configure the function generator as follows Frequency 10 kHz Run Mode Continuous Waveform Squarewave Amplitude 1 V 4 Connect the function generator output to the 2074...

Страница 319: ...on prepare and download the following waveform to all channels Segments 1 to 5 Wavelength 128 points Waveform 1 cycle square Trigger Source BUS 5 Using ArbConnection build and download the following s...

Страница 320: ...s Waveform Sequence Seq Advance Step Amplitude 2 V Trigger Source External Output On 7 Using ArbConnection prepare and download the following waveform to all channels Segment 1 Sine 1000 points Segmen...

Страница 321: ...loscope configuration to single Test Procedure 1 Press the manual trigger button on the function generator and observe that one cycle waveform advances through the sequence table repeatedly with each...

Страница 322: ...200 s Sampling Rate 50 MS s at least Trace View X Y Amplitude 1 V div 2 Connect 2074 Channel 1 output to the oscilloscope input channel 1 3 Connect the 2074 Channel 2 output to the oscilloscope input...

Страница 323: ...e 16QAM CW Control Off CH1 Output On CH2 Output On Test Procedure 1 Load Demo table to the 16QAM Data Table 2 Set oscilloscope and verify 16QAM constellation trace on the oscilloscope Test Results Pas...

Страница 324: ...the appropriate sync output connection on the rear panel for each channel Test Results Pass Fail SYNC Qualifier LCOM Equipment Oscilloscope Preparation 1 Configure the oscilloscope as follows Time Ba...

Страница 325: ...1 3 Connect 2074 SYNC output CH1 to the oscilloscope input 2 4 Configure model 2074 as follows Ch1 Output On Test Procedure 1 Verify trace on the oscilloscope shows synchronization pulses at 1 s inte...

Страница 326: ...elength 1 M points 2 M with an option installed Waveform Sine wave SCLK 200 MS s Test Procedure 1 Perform Sine wave distortion It should be less than 0 1 Test Results Pass Fail Remote Interfaces This...

Страница 327: ...operation and connect the instrument to a host controller 2 Connect 2074 CH1 output to the distortion analyzer input 3 Configure the 2074 as follows SCLK 200 MS s Waveform Arbitrary Output On 4 Using...

Страница 328: ...urged and the instrument is transformed to a stand alone counter timer Waveform generation is resumed as soon as the counter timer function is turned off Frequency Equipment Function Generator with at...

Страница 329: ...rocedure 1 Perform Period Accuracy tests using Table 6 14 Table 6 14 Period Measurement Accuracy Function Generator Setting Error Limits 2074 Counter Reading Pass Fail 10 kHz 100 0 s 100 ns 100 kHz 10...

Страница 330: ...fy that the pulse width reading is 300 ns 100 ns Test Results Pass Fail Totalize Gated Equipment Function Generator with at least 1 ppm accuracy Preparation 1 Configure the function generator as follo...

Страница 331: ...0 mV 2 Connect the function generator to the 2074 TRIG IN connector 3 Configure the 2074 as follows Auxiliary Function Counter Timer Function Totalize Infinite Trigger Level 0 V Test Procedure 1 Verif...

Страница 332: ...s 7 3 Warm up Period 7 3 Recommended Test Equipment 7 4 Adjustment Procedures 7 4 Reference Oscillators Adjustments 7 6 Channels 1 2 3 4 Adjustments 7 8 Base Line Offset Adjustments 7 8 Offset Adjustm...

Страница 333: ...2074 User Manual 7 2...

Страница 334: ...he instrument must be tested to find the source of the problem In case there is a reasonable suspicion that an electrical problem exist within the 2074 perform a complete performance checks as given i...

Страница 335: ...es Use the following procedures to calibrate the Model 2074 The following paragraphs show how to set up the instrument for calibration and what the acceptable calibration limits are Calibration is don...

Страница 336: ...2 Calibration Panel NOTE Initial factory adjustments require that the covers be removed from the instrument Field calibration does not require re adjustments of these factory settings unless the unit...

Страница 337: ...If you have reached 1 or 256 and were not able to calibrate the range there is either a problem with the way you measure the parameter or possibly there is a problem with the instrument In either cas...

Страница 338: ...l function generator to the rear panel TRIG IN connector 4 Configure the 2074 as follows CAL NUM 0 5 Using an external function generator manually trigger the 2074 Adjustment 6 Adjust C18 for an inter...

Страница 339: ...ect that there is a base line accuracy issue CH1 Setup 2 CH2 Setup 38 CH3 Setup 74 CH4 Setup 110 Amplifier Offset Equipment DMM BNC to BNC cable 50 Feedthrough termination Dual banana to BNC adapter P...

Страница 340: ...ustment 4 Adjust CAL VAL for DMM reading of 0 V 20 mV CH1 Setup 5 CH2 Setup 41 CH3 Setup 77 CH4 Setup 113 Base Line Offset Amplifier Out Equipment DMM BNC to BNC cable 50 Feed through termination Dual...

Страница 341: ...e the DMM as follows Function DCV Range 10 V 2 Connect the 2074 Channel 1 output to the DMM input Terminate the 2074 output at the DMM input with the 50 Feed through termination 3 Configure the 2074 a...

Страница 342: ...pment DMM BNC to BNC cable 50 Feed through termination Dual banana to BNC adapter Preparation 1 Configure the DMM as follows Function DCV Range 10 V 2 Connect the 2074 Channel 1 output to the DMM inpu...

Страница 343: ...ination 3 Configure the 2074 as follows CAL NUM 12 48 84 and 120 respectively Adjustment 4 CAL VAL for DMM reading of 500 mV 5 mV Note reading CH1 Setup 13 CH2 Setup 49 CH3 Setup 85 CH4 Setup 121 Offs...

Страница 344: ...s follows CAL NUM 14 50 86 and 122 respectively Adjustment 4 Adjust CAL VAL for DMM reading of 3 182 V 30 mV CH1 Setup 15 CH2 Setup 51 CH3 Setup 87 CH4 Setup 123 7 V Amplitude Output Amplifier In Equi...

Страница 345: ...ut at the DMM input with the 50 Feed through termination 3 Configure the 2074 as follows CAL NUM 17 53 89 and 125 respectively Adjustment 4 Adjust CAL VAL for DMM reading of 1 060 V 10 mV CH1 Setup 18...

Страница 346: ...MHz Amplitude Equipment 50 20 dB Feed through termination Oscilloscope Preparation 1 Configure the Oscilloscope as follows Input Impedance 50 Range 100 mV 2 Connect the 2074 Channel 1 output to the O...

Страница 347: ...tup 59 CH3 Setup 95 CH4 Setup 131 50 MHz Amplitude Equipment 50 20 dB Feed through termination Oscilloscope Preparation 1 Configure the Oscilloscope as follows Input Impedance 50 Range 100 mV 2 Connec...

Страница 348: ...creen CH1 Setup 26 CH2 Setup 62 CH3 Setup 98 CH4 Setup 134 70 MHz Amplitude Equipment 50 20 dB Feed through termination Oscilloscope Preparation 1 Configure the Oscilloscope as follows Input Impedance...

Страница 349: ...ivisions on the screen CH1 Setup 29 CH2 Setup 65 CH3 Setup 101 CH4 Setup 137 20 MHz Amplitude Amplifier Out Equipment 50 20 dB Feed through termination Oscilloscope Preparation 1 Configure the Oscillo...

Страница 350: ...Adjustment 4 Adjust CAL VAL to get the signal of 6 divisions on the screen CH1 Setup 32 CH2 Setup 68 CH3 Setup 104 CH4 Setup 140 50 00001 MHz Amplitude Amplifier Out Equipment 50 20 dB Feed through t...

Страница 351: ...respectively Adjustment 4 Adjust CAL VAL to get the signal of 6 divisions on the screen CH1 Setup 35 CH2 Setup 71 CH3 Setup 107 CH4 Setup 143 80 MHz Amplitude Amplifier Out Equipment 50 20 dB Feed th...

Страница 352: ...ivisions 5 Adjust RV3 CH1 RV4 CH2 RV1 CH3 and RV2 CH4 for best pulse response 4 ns type 5 aberrations CH1 Setup 37 CH2 Setup 73 CH3 Setup 109 CH4 Setup 145 Pulse Response Amplifier In Equipment Oscill...

Страница 353: ...led in your instrument Each firmware update was done for a reason and therefore if you want to update the firmware for a problem in your system check the readme file that is associated with the update...

Страница 354: ...Config utility To invoke this utility complete the following steps 1 Turn power OFF on your 2074 2 Click on NETConfig shortcut on the desktop or select Start Programs Tabor Electronics NETConfig NETCo...

Страница 355: ...y computer store near your area 3 If your network is using a managed switch it is possible that it is configure to break the package with broadcast address and therefore the only way to use NetConfig...

Страница 356: ...tect your device after a few attempts check that you have not lost the connection as described in previous paragraphs You can only update instrument s that appear in the NETConfig window Point and cli...

Страница 357: ...the path agrees with that specified by your supervisor To complete the update process click on Update and observe the File Transfer Progress bar The update will complete with a Firmware Update d Succ...

Страница 358: ...7 Adjustments and Firmware Update Updating 2074 Firmware 7 27 Figure 7 9 Firmware Update Completed...

Страница 359: ...2074 User Manual 7 28 This page was intentionally left blank...

Страница 360: ...Appendices Appendix Title Page A Specifications A 1 1...

Страница 361: ...2074 User Manual 2...

Страница 362: ...des Triggered Burst or gated Jitter Between Channels 0 ps Offset Units Waveform points Range 0 to 2 M points each channel in reference to channel 1 Resolution and Accuracy 1 point channel 1 2 4 points...

Страница 363: ...Hz into 50 10mV to 99 mVp p 1 of setting 5 mV 100mV to 999 mVp p 1 of setting 10 mV 1 V to 10 Vp p 1 of setting 70 mV DC Offset Range 0 to 4 995 V Accuracy 1 1 of amplitude setting 5 mV Resolution 1 m...

Страница 364: ...Trigger Level Range 5 V Resolution 1 mV Sensitivity 200 mV Damage Level 12 V Frequency Range DC to 5 MHz Slope Positive Negative transitions selectable Minimum Pulse Width 10 ns System Delay Trigger i...

Страница 365: ...e 10 90 4 5 ns Aberration 6 10 mV Half Cycle Waveforms Function Shape Sine Triangle Square All channels share the same mode function shape may be programmed separately for each channel Frequency Range...

Страница 366: ...xed Sequence Advance Each step of a sequence can be programmed to advance either a automatically Automatic Sequence Advance or b with a trigger Stepped Sequence Advance Modulated Waveforms Operation T...

Страница 367: ...ry waveform and its outputs are disabled Measurement Functions Frequency Period Period Averaged Pulse Width and Totalize Frequency Period Averaged Frequency Range 20 Hz to 100 MHz typically 120 MHz Pe...

Страница 368: ...the above relationship 2 Rise and fall times may be freely programmed provided that the ratio between the rise fall time and the smallest incremental unit does not exceed the ratio of 100 000 to 1 3...

Страница 369: ...tocol SCPI commands over TCP IP USB Connector Type A receptacle Specifications Version 1 0 version 2 0 Protocol SCPI commands over USB Front Panel Display Color LCD 3 8 reflective 320 x 240 pixels bac...

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