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Switcher Basics
Before using your switcher, it is important to become
familiar with how audio and video is handled by the
switcher. Some important concepts includes video
sources, video layering and re-entry, and preview. For
information on setting up video inputs, refer to the
Setup Manual that came with your switcher.
Audio and Video Processing
Video and audio signals are processed and passed
through the switcher in different ways, depending on
how the switcher is being used or is set up. A better
understanding of how the switcher is processing these
signals help you to achieve the production you want.
Video Processing and Flow
Video is processed in a number of blocks in the
switcher. After video comes into the switcher, the
frame synchronizers / format converters are applied
(depending on the frame you have). At this point any
required color correction is also applied. After input
the video signal is routed through the crosspoint.
The crosspoint can route any input to any output
for straight switching, or to the video processor and
DVE and back for video manipulation. Just before the
video signal is sent to the output, the processing of the
ancillary data is performed.
Figure 5: Video Flow Through the Switcher
Audio Processing and Flow
Unlike video, the switcher does not handle audio
signals independently. An audio signal is embedded
into the ancillary data of a video signal before is comes
into the switcher. As the signal comes into the switcher
and is manipulated, you must ensure not to perform
an operation that will force the ancillary data to be
stripped.
Figure 6: Audio Flow Through the Switcher
The following restrictions apply to ancillary data being
included in the output:
• ME program passes ancillary data.
• MultiViewer outputs do not include any ancillary
data.
• MiniME ™ outputs do not include any ancillary data
unless an ME with ancillary data is re-entered onto
the background bus.
• ME Preview does not include ancillary data unless
the background is not selected as part of the next
transition.
• A MiniME ™ can include ancillary data if an ME is
re-entered onto the background.
• Any format conversion on the input video signal.
• Setting ancillary data to be stripped.
When you are performing a transition, or keying, the
embedded audio is carried in the ancillary data of the
background video signal. The ancillary data from the
background source is replaced with the ancillary data
from the preset source, and the ancillary data for keyed
sources is stripped.
Note:
Audio that comes from the Media-Store, for a
MediaWipe for example, is only available on the AES outputs
on the frame, and is not embedded into the background video
signal.
Video Sources
The switcher has access to two basic types of video
sources, external and internal. All video sources can be
assigned to video source buttons. By pressing a video
source button on a bus, the video source assigned to
that button is selected on that bus.
•
External — External video sources come from
cameras, video servers, character generators, or
other external devices into the switcher.
• Internal — Internal video sources come from
internally generated video, such as Media-Store
channels, matte color, and black.
Carbonite Black Operation Manual (v14.0) — Switcher Basics • 15