Nikon Scanners, Руководство по программному обеспечению

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specified using Pantone®, just one of many color matching systems.
contrast the difference between the lightest and darkest shades in a picture.
The slope of the function of exposure versus density is, in effect, the
contrast, also called gamma.
decimal a number system which uses a base of ten. First appeared as the
Arabic number system, it also includes various types such as integers,
real and imaginary numbers, etc.
daisy chain a series of devices connected together with a beginning and end-
point, unlike an endless loop.
digitized the process of converting a continuously variable signal into a quan-
tized representation, usually binary.
DIP switch dual in-line pin switch.
dither to mix different tonal values or shades together in a pattern to smooth
the transition between two different tonal areas. To create the appear-
ance of more gradations by blending small components of different
shades alternately together.
dither pattern a two-dimensional matrix used in the dithering process. This com-
monly measures from 2x2 up to 8x8 cells, with different values in
each cell. As the dither matrix grows, more shades can be simulated,
but the image will appear less and less defined (sharp) as small details
of high contrast pixels are spread over a wider area.
driver an intermediate software or firmware controller for various input/output
devices connected to a computer, and the application running on it.
emulsion The light sensitive coating in photographic film or paper. The side of
the film bearing the emulsion or image layer is usually slightly matte
(non-reflective) when viewed with an oblique light source, compared
to the base or non-emulsion side. Can also be determined from the
readability of the manufacturers identification markings. When these
ID’s are readable, the emulsion side is facing away from you.
Software Reference for Scanners Page 183
Glossary of Computer Imaging Terms