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Glossary of Terms
99
Gain
Gain is the conversion between electrons generated in the CCD to counts reported in
the software. Gain is typically set to be just below the read noise for most low light
measurements, or set to take advantage of the full dynamic range for larger signals.
Typically, because CCDs are extremely low noise devices, meaningful gains as low
as 1 –2 electrons per count can be achieved. See also
Variable Gain.
Integration Time
The amount of time for which the CCD is exposed to light and acquires data.
Linearity
When photo response is linear, if the light intensity doubles, the detected signal will
double in magnitude as well. Nonlinear response at medium to high intensities is
usually due to amplifier problems, and at very low light levels poor charge transfer
efficiency. A CCD’s response is linear, once the bias is subtracted.
Multi Phase Pinning (MPP)
Multi Phase Pinning (MPP) is a mode of operation specific to certain CCD brand
names, such as E2V and Hamamatsu, that offer extremely low dark current operation.
See also AIMO.
Noise
Noise is common to all detectors and associated camera systems. The total amount of
real signal that exists in an experiment is less important than the ratio of the signal’s
magnitude to the total system noise that exists. This signal to noise ratio (S/N) is more
commonly referred to as the system’s effective dynamic range (see also Dynamic
Range). Thus, for detector systems with a high S/N figure, a signal peak can be
discerned even though signal counts per second may be low. A detector system’s
total system noise is comprised of the noise sources listed below and is defined as
follows:
Noise
Shot
CCD
Noise
s
Electronic
Noise
Read
CCD
Noise
System
Total
2
2
2
e
e
e
e
+
+
=
It should be noted that for applications that have high intensity signals, the shot noise
from the signal itself dominates the system’s total noise. Conversely, for experiments
that involve the detection of very weak signals, the system’s total noise is dominated
by the CCD related read noise and dark noise along with the ever present electronics
noise source.
•
Electronics Noise (
e
electronics noise)
Noise that is introduced in the process of electronically amplifying and
conditioning the detector signal, as well as, the ADC conversion noise associated
with digitizing the pixel information.
Summary of Contents for JOBIN YVON SYNAPSE
Page 1: ...SYNAPSE CCD Detection System User Manual Part Number 81100 Revision 2...
Page 10: ...Preface x...
Page 14: ...System Description and Specifications 4...
Page 28: ...Detector System Installation 18...
Page 38: ...Initial Power up and Operation 28...
Page 48: ...Temperature Control 38...
Page 72: ...Appendix A Dimensional Drawings 62 Figure 17 Distance from Focal Plane to CCD Chip...
Page 73: ...Appendix A Dimensional Drawings 63 Figure 18 Synapse Power Supply Unit...
Page 74: ...Appendix A Dimensional Drawings 64...
Page 86: ...Appendix C Performing Routine Procedures with SynerJY 76...
Page 100: ...Appendix E Accessories 90...
Page 104: ...Warranty 94...
Page 113: ...103 Notes...
Page 114: ...104 Notes...