Hanna Instruments HI931, User Manual

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18
TITRA
TION THEORY
Ratio Equivalence ratio of analyte/ titrant (mol analyte/ eq titrant)
FW analyte 1 Formula Weight of the Analyte 1 (g/mol)
FW analyte 2 Formula Weight of the Analyte 2 (g/mol)
FW analyte 3 Formula Weight of the Analyte 3 (g/mol)
m sample Weight of Sample (mL)
5.5. BACK TITRATION
The equation used in back titration calculations is also similar to the equation for a blank titration. Instead of subtracting the initial
amount of titrant needed to react with the blank, the amount of second titrant needed to react with the excess titrant added in the
first titration is subtracted from the amount of the first titrant added. The difference between the two amounts is the amount of titrant
necessary to reach the first equivalence point.
C sample Sample Concentration (g/100mL)
C titrant 1 Concentration of titrant 1 (N)
V titrant 1 Volume of titrant 1 (L)
C titrant 2 Concentration of titrant 2 (N)
V titrant 2 Volume of titrant 2 (L)
Ratio Equivalence ratio of analyte/ titrant (mol analyte/ eq titrant)
FW analyte Formula Weight of the analyte (g/mol)
V sample Volume of sample (mL)
6. GLOSSARY
Acid
A chemical species that can donate one or more protons (hydrogen ions).
Acid-Base Titration
Stoichiometric neutralization titrations, based upon the reaction that occurs between an acid and base.
Activity
A physical property corresponding to the concentration of all ions in a solution. Electrodes respond to activity.
Amperometric Titration
Titrations where the current flow between two electrodes (often a metal electrode and a reference electrode) are used to monitor
the titration progress.
Analyte
The chemical species being measured in a titration.
Argentometric Titration
Titrations that use silver (nitrate) as the titrant. These titrations are typically precipitation titrations.
Automatic Titrator
An instrument designed to automatically carry out a titration. It will add the appropriate amount of titrant, determine the
endpoint and calculate the results.