Appendix
226
Quantum Manual
Filter Cutoff Frequency
The filter cutoff frequency is a significant factor for filters.
A lowpass filter dampens the portion of the signal that lies
above this frequency. Frequencies below this value are
allowed to pass through without being processed.
LFO
LFO is an acronym for Low-Frequency Oscillator. The LFO
generates a periodic oscillation at a low frequency and
features variable waveshapes. Similar to an envelope, an
LFO can be used to modulate a sound-shaping component.
Low Pass Filter
Synthesizers are often equipped with a lowpass filter. A
lowpass filter dampens all frequencies above its cutoff
frequency. Frequencies below the cutoff point are not
affected.
MIDI
The acronym MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital
Interface. It was developed in the early ’80s so that diverse
types of electronic musical instruments by different manu-
facturers could interact. At the time a communications
standard for different devices did not exist, so MIDI was a
significant advance. It made it possible to link any MIDI-
equipped device with another through simple, uniform
connections.
Essentially, this is how MIDI works: One sender is connec-
ted to one or several receivers. For instance, if you want to
use a computer to play the Quantum, then the computer is
the sender and the Quantum acts as the receiver. With a
few exceptions, the majority of MIDI devices are equipped
with two or three ports for this purpose: MIDI In, MIDI Out
and in some cases, MIDI Thru. The sender transfers data to
the receiver via the MIDI Out jack. Data is sent via a cable
to the receiver's MIDI In jack.
MIDI Thru has a special function. It allows the sender to
transmit to several receivers. It routes the incoming signal
to the next device without modifying it. Another device is
simply connected to this jack, thus creating a chain
through which the sender can address a number of recei-
vers. Of course it is desirable for the sender to be able to
address each device individually. Consequently, there is a
rule that is applied to ensure each device responds accord-
ingly.
MIDI Channel
This is a very important element of most messages. A re-
ceiver can only respond to incoming messages if its receive
Summary of Contents for QUANTUM
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