Appendix
211
Quantum Manual
pulling the string slightly into one direction. At one point,
the string abruptly comes off the bow and swings back to
its original position. The bow is still moving and so it cat-
ches the string again and the procedure is repeats. The
result is a waveform that looks like a sawtooth. The same
is true for a brass instrument. In this case the ‘string’ is the
lips while the bow is the air. The lips are moved by the air
to a certain extent and abruptly move back to their original
position.
The Square Wave
The Square Wave is a special waveform generated by a
pulse waveform with 50% pulse width. This means that
the positive part of the waveform has equal length to the
negative part. The pulse waveform can have other pulse
widths as you will read later. For now, we’ll talk about the
square wave as a unique waveform. The square wave
consists of all odd harmonics in which the magnitude of
each harmonic descends by the factor of its position. This
means that the first harmonic has full magnitude, the third
harmonic has a third magnitude, the fifth harmonic has a
fifth magnitude and so on. The following images illustrates
how the individual harmonics build up the sawtooth wave:
Additive components of a square wave with 50% pulse width
The square wave was thought as an abstraction of wind
instruments like a pan flute or a recorder. They consist of a
tube that can contain a certain amount of air. The player
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Summary of Contents for QUANTUM
Page 1: ...USER MANUAL...
