application, indication, contra-indication
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In case of correct load dosing (according to the clinical picture and condition of the patient) and intended use, the
risks are comparable to the risks at walking / running on the ground: Falling off the treadmill with skin abrasions,
bruises, torn ligaments, fractures and in worst case e.g. broken neck resulting in death.
[5.C1]
Summary / potential risk remains
Especially for ergometry (stress-test) application an extra risk for the patient stays since it is part of the test to
stress the patient until cardiovascular problems occur. The risk stays even at presence of trained, medical staff
and even at availability of medical equipment for reanimation. Thereby the higher risk cannot be reduced even by
the knowledge of contra indications.
Restrictions of cognition or loading capacity cannot be excluded by contraindications also.
[5.D]
Contraindications for any application:
Before treadmill application (e.g. stress test, therapy, etc.) contraindications have tob e excluded.
Contraindications include pregnancy, acute thrombosis, heart- and/or arteries disease, fresh wounds e.g. after
surgery, artificial joints and limbs, acute fracture, damaged disc or traumatic caused disease of the spine, diabetes,
epilepsy, inflammations, acute migraine and any kind of tumors.
The division of absolute and relative contraindications has proved itself of value. In case of relative
contrainidcations a try of application may be started if the possible benefit exceeds the risk of application. The
decision has to be made by the medical doctor.
Absolute contraindications:
N
Acute myocarinal infarction
N
Instable Angina pektoris
N
Cardiac arrhythmia pathology and/or limited hemodynamics
N
Symptomatic massive aorta stenosis
N
Uncompensated heart insufficiency
N
Acute pulmonary embolilsm
N
Acute myocarditis
N
Acute pericarditis
N
Acute aorta dissection
Relative Contraindications:
N
Main artery disease
N
Cardiac valve disease of moderate severity
N
Known electrolyte disturbance
N
Arterial hypertonia (RR > 200 mm Hg syst. > 110 mm Hg diast.)
N
Tachyarrhythmia or Bradyarrhythmia
N
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other kind of defluxionwayobstruction
N
Higher degree AV-blocking
N
Physical and/or mental disabilities
Also see following guidelines: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie – Herz- und Kreislaufforschung e. V:
http://leitlinien.dgk.org/
