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Cleaning Information

Why is it important to clean optical devices?

136

Agilent

8169A

Polarization Controller, Second Edition

Why is it important to clean
optical devices?

Optical power levels above 100 mW applied to single mode
connectors can easily damage the connector if it is not perfectly
clean. Also, scratched or poorly cleaned connectors can destroy
optical connectors mechanically. Always make sure that your
optical connectors are properly cleaned and unscratched before
connection. However, Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH
assumes no responsibility in case of an operation that is not
compliace with the safety instructions as stated above.

In transmission links optical fiber cores are about 9 mm (0.00035")
in diameter. Dust and other particles, however, can range from
tenths to hundredths of microns in diameter. Their comparative size
means that they can cover a part of the end of a fiber core, and thus
degrade the transmission quality. This will reduce the performance
of your system.

Furthermore, the power density may burn dust into the fiber and
cause additional damage (for example, 0 dBm optical power in a
single mode fiber causes a power density of approximately 16
million W/m

2

). If this happens, measurements become inaccurate

and non-repeatable.

Cleaning is, therefore, an essential yet difficult task. Unfortunately,
when comparing most published cleaning recommendations, you
will discover that they contain several inconsistencies. In this
chapter, we want to suggest ways to help you clean your various
optical devices, and thus significantly improve the accuracy and
repeatability of your lightwave measurements.

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Summary of Contents for 8169A

Page 1: ...Agilent Technologies Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller User s Guide Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www atecorp com 800 404 ATEC 2832 Established 1981 ...

Page 2: ...site preparation or maintenance No other warranty is expressed or implied Agilent Technologies specifically disclaims the implied warranties of Merchantability and Fitness for a Particular Purpose Exclusive Remedies The remedies provided herein are Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whethe...

Page 3: ...instrument Insert the power cable plug only into a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Do not negate this protective action by the using an extension cord without a protective conductor WARNING Never look directly into the end of a fiber or a connector unless you are absolutely certain that there is no signal in the fiber ...

Page 4: ... You can also contact one of the following centers and ask for a test and measurement sales representative United States 1 800 452 4844 1 888 900 8921 FAX Canada 1 877 894 4414 905 282 6495 FAX Europe 31 20 547 2111 43 20 547 2190 FAX Japan 0120 421 345 0120 421 678 FAX Mexico 52 55 5081 9469 52 55 5081 9467 FAX Australia 1 800 629 485 1 800 142 134 FAX Asia Pacific 852 3197 7889 852 2506 9233 FAX...

Page 5: ...p the Hardware 20 Setting the Position of the Polarizing Filter 21 Setting the State of Polarization 22 Positioning the l 4 and l 2 Retarder Plates 23 Using the Circle Mode 23 Example Setting the Optimum Transmission SoP 24 Set the Polarizing Filter 25 Setting the Worst Case Transmission SoP 26 Setting the Optimum Transmission SoP 28 Scanning the Poincare Sphere 29 Setting up the Hardware 30 Setti...

Page 6: ... 40 Programming the Polarization Controller 41 GPIB Interface 42 Setting the GPIB Address 43 Returning the Instrument to Local Control 43 How the Polarization Controller Receives and Transmits Messages 44 How the Input Queue Works 44 Clearing the Input Queue 44 The Output Queue 45 The Error Queue 45 Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Conventions 45 Short Form and Long Form 46 Command ...

Page 7: ...on SoP 90 Example 4 Finding the Polarization Dependence 94 Installation 97 Safety Considerations 98 Initial Inspection 98 AC Line Power Supply Requirements 99 Line Power Cable 99 Replacing the Fuse 101 Replacing the Battery 102 Operating and Storage Environment 102 Temperature 102 Humidity 103 Altitude 103 Installation Category and Pollution Degree 103 Instrument Positioning and Cooling 103 Switch...

Page 8: ...rmity 116 Performance Test 117 Introduction 118 Insertion Loss Variation with Rotation of l 4 and l 2 Plates 119 Insertion Loss versus Wavelength 123 Extinction Ratio of Polarizer 127 Cleaning Information 133 Safety Precautions 135 Why is it important to clean optical devices 136 What materials do I need for proper cleaning 137 Preserving Connectors 142 Cleaning Instrument Housings 143 General Cle...

Page 9: ...erating principle and the basic operating of the polarization controller General Safety Considerations 12 The Basic Operating Principle 14 Using the Polarization Controller for Polarization Analysis 15 Editing 16 Editing Using the Entry Keys 17 Editing Using the Modify Keys and Knob 17 Resetting Parameters 18 ...

Page 10: ...operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition Safety Symbols The caution sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of the product Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met CAUTION The warning sign denotes a hazard It calls attentio...

Page 11: ...AC symbol is used to indicate the required nature of the line module input power The ON symbols are used to mark the positions of the instrument power line switch The OFF symbols are used to mark the positions of the instrument power line switch The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association The C Tick ma...

Page 12: ...plates are then positioned to control the relative state of polarization of this signal Figure 2 Block Diagram and Polarization States non polarized linear polarized You can either set the position of the plates directly or use the circle application to set the 2εB and 2θP angles that denote the position on the Poincare Sphere In addition using the sphere application you can vary the angles of the...

Page 13: ...he polarization controller to analyze the polarization of a signal To do this you attach your incoming signal to the λ 2 connector and attach your power meter to the Pol connector Figure 3 Block Diagram for Polarization Analysis You analyze the signal by varying the λ 4 and λ 2 plates and the polorizer filter and examining how this affects the power It is beyond the scope of this manual to explain...

Page 14: ...Getting Started Editing 16 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition Editing You can edit a parameter by using the Entry keys the Cursor Vernier keys or the Modify knob ...

Page 15: ... out of the range allowed for that parameter Editing Using the Modify Keys and Knob 1 Make sure the correct parameter is selected the label of the selectedparameter is displayed inverse 2 Press any of the Cursor Vernier keys to activate editing 3 Use the Cursor keys and to move to the first digit you want to edit 4 Change the value using the Vernier keys and OR Change the value using the Modify kn...

Page 16: ...9A Polarization Controller Second Edition Resetting Parameters To reset any parameter 1 Make sure the correct parameter is selected the label of the selected parameter is displayed inverse 2 Press To reset Pol λ 4 λ 2 2 εB AND 2 θP simultaneously press ...

Page 17: ...oning the polarizing filter and then specifying the desired position on the Poincare sphere Setting up the Hardware 20 Setting the Position of the Polarizing Filter 21 Setting the State of Polarization 22 Positioning the l 4 and l 2 Retarder Plates 23 Using the Circle Mode 23 Example Setting the Optimum Transmission SoP 24 Set the Polarizing Filter 25 Setting the Worst Case Transmission SoP 26 Set...

Page 18: ... controller directly after your source and before your device under test DUT Before connecting to the rest of your measurement setup you should set the position of the polarizing filter When you are setting up your hardware it is absolutely vital that the fibers are fixed and remain unmoved for the whole of the measurement Moving the fibers changes the state of polarization NOTE ...

Page 19: ... the plates 3 Select the polarization filter You may need to press and or Pol if the filter is not already selected 4 Move the filter to find the maximum signal through the polarization controller One way of doing this is a Press the right Cursor key twice to select the units digit b Watching the power meter and using the Modify knob adjust the angle of the polarization filter until you are in the...

Page 20: ...nd θp θp is the optical angle about the equator of the sphere that is 2 θp is the angle of longitude εB is half the angle of elevation from the equatorial plane that is 2 εB is the angle of latitude Figure 5 The coordinates for describing the state of polarization The state of polarization is always relative to the output from the polarizing filter There are two ways of setting the state of polari...

Page 21: ...ou want is not already selected 2 Move the plate to the position you want See Editing in Chapter 1 if you need information on changing the angles Using the Circle Mode You can set the state of polarization by specifying the coordinates on the Poincare sphere See Setting the State of Polarization for an explanation 1 Select an angle You may need to press first to get the displa with the angles Pres...

Page 22: ...r meter in the description below an Agilent 8163B Lightwave Multimeter with a laser module and a sensor module are used We will use the length of fiber connecting the instruments as our linear DUT 1 With both instruments switched off connect the laser source to the polarization controller 2 Connect the polarization controller to the power meter Figure 6 Setup for setting the position of the polari...

Page 23: ... select the tens digit c Using the Modify knob increase the angle slowly until the power read on the multimeter increases and then starts to decrease d Press once to select the units digit e Using the Modify knob decrease the angle slowly until the power read on the multimeter starts to decrease f Press twice to select the hundredths digit Using the Modify knob increase the angle slowly until the ...

Page 24: ...wer of the signal transmitted through the DUT and polarization on the surface of the sphere can be expressed as concentric circles about the worst case or optimum and that for a linear DUT the worst case and optimum are on opposite sides of the sphere Figure 7 Power contours about the worst case on the poincare sphere This means that we find the worst case position by moving around the sphere alon...

Page 25: ... Second Edition 27 1 Press and θp to select θp 2 Search for the line of longitude with the minimum power use a similar method as for the position of the polarizing filter first changing the tens then the units then the hundredths 3 Press εB to select εB 4 Search for the angle of latitude with the minimum power ...

Page 26: ...o this value 3 Type in the new value and press The state of polarization is now set to the value for the current setup that gives the greatest power through the fiber This is possible here because the fiber behaves linearly For non linear components the polarizations for worst case and optimum transmission will not be on opposite sides of the sphere and the angle between them is a characteristic o...

Page 27: ...w you can generate quasi depolarized signals Setting up the Hardware 30 Setting Up and Executing a Scan 31 Example Measuring the Response to a Depolarized Signal 32 Set the Polarizing Filter 33 Setting Up the Instruments 34 Running the Scan 34 Example Measuring a Polarization Dependent Loss 35 Set the Polarizing Filter 36 Setting Up the Instruments 37 Running the Scan 37 Analyzing the Results 37 ...

Page 28: ...source and before your device under test DUT Before connecting to the rest of your measurement setup you should set the position of the polarizing filter this is described in Set the Polarizing Filter in Chapter 2 When you are setting up your hardware it is absolutely vital that the fibers are fixed and remain unmoved for the whole of the measurement Moving the fibers changes the state of polariza...

Page 29: ...ch the λ plates rotate Set Speed to Fast and the averaging time of your power meter to longer than 1s to get measure the response to depolarized signal If it is not already selected a Move the Modify knob b Select Fast using the Modify knob or c Press or Set Speed to Slow and the averaging time of your power meter as short as pos sible and use logging to measure polarization dependence If it is no...

Page 30: ...Agilent 8163B Lightwave Multimeter with a laser module and a sensor module are used A roll of fiber will act as a suitable DUT 1 With both instruments switched off connect the laser source to the polarization controller 2 Connect the polarization controller to the power meter Figure 9 Setup for setting the position of the polarizing filter 3 Switch on both instruments and enable the laser source 4...

Page 31: ... knob increase the angle slowly until the power read on the multimeter increases and then starts to decrease d Press once to select the units digit e Using the Modify knob decrease the angle slowly until the power read on the multimeter starts to decrease f Press twice to select the hundredths digit g Using the Modify knob increase the angle slowly until the power on the mul timeter starts to decr...

Page 32: ...knob to start the parameter selection Select Fast using the Modify knob or Press 2 Set the averaging time on the power meter to 1s Press to select T press to increase T to 1s Running the Scan 1 Press on the polarization controller There is a slight delay while the application is initialized and then th values of λ 4 and λ 2 on the display begin to change 2 When the application is running read the ...

Page 33: ... description below an Agilent 8163B Lightwave Multimeter with a laser module and a sensor module are used A roll of fiber will act as a suitable DUT 1 With both instruments switched of connect the laser source to the polarization controller 2 Connect the polarization controller to the power meter Figure 11 Setup for setting the position of the polarizing filter 3 Switch on both instruments and ena...

Page 34: ...ob increase the angle slowly until the power read on the multimeter increases and then starts to decrease d Press once to select the units digit e Using the Modify knob decrease the angle slowly until the power read on the multimeter starts to decrease f Press twice to select the hundredths digit g Using the Modify knob increase the angle slowly until the power on the mul timeter starts to decreas...

Page 35: ...ement over 20 seconds Press and to select STABILTY Press to select T TOTAL and set it to 00 00 20 set AUTODUMP to OFF Running the Scan 1 Press on the polarization controller There is a slight delay while the application is initialized and then the values of λ 4 and λ 2 on the display begin to change 2 When the application is running read the value for the response of the DUT to a depolarised signa...

Page 36: ...Scanning the Poincare Sphere Analyzing the Results 38 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition ...

Page 37: ... Functions This chapter covers setting the GPIB address for the polarization controller and storing and recalling instrument settings Setting the GPIB Address 40 Storing or Recalling Instrument Settings 40 Storing a Setting 40 Recalling a Setting 40 Resetting the Instrument 40 ...

Page 38: ...a Setting To store the actual instrument setting 1 Find one of the nine numbered settings which you can overwrite using and 2 Press Recalling a Setting To recall a setting and make it the actual instrument setting 1 Find the setting you want to restore using and 2 Press Resetting the Instrument Resetting the instrument returns all the parameters to their default values the polarization filter and ...

Page 39: ...n the following chapters The information in these chapters is specific to the polarization controller GPIB Interface 42 Setting the GPIB Address 43 Returning the Instrument to Local Control 43 How the Polarization Controller Receives and Transmits Messages 44 How the Input Queue Works 44 Clearing the Input Queue 44 The Output Queue 45 The Error Queue 45 Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diag...

Page 40: ...and Common Com mands For Use with ANSI IEEE Std 488 1 1987 New York NY 1987 To obtain a copy of either of these last two documents write to The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc 345 East 47th Street New York NY 10017 USA In addition the commands not from the IEEE 488 2 standard are defined according to the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI For information abou...

Page 41: ...urns the instrument to local control does not operate if local lockout has been enabled Table 1 GPIB Capabilities Mnemonic Function SH1 Complete source handshake capability AH1 Complete acceptor handshake capability T6 Basic talker serial poll no talk only mode unaddressed to talk if addressed to listen L4 Basic listener no listen only mode unaddressed to listen if ad dressed to talk SR1 Complete ...

Page 42: ... made inside strings or binary blocks Outside strings and binary blocks the following modifications are made a Lower case characters are converted to upper case b The characters 0016 to 0916 and 0B16 to 1F16 are converted to spaces 2016 c Two or more blanks are truncated to one 3 An EOI End Or Identify sent with any character is put into the input queue as the character followed by a line feed LF ...

Page 43: ...put queue The Error Queue The error queue is a FIFO queue first in first out That is the first error read is the oldest error to have occurred I If too many errors are put into the queue the message 350 Queue Overow is placed as the last message in the queue Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Conventions A program message is a message containing commands or queries that you send to th...

Page 44: ...NABLE ON is in long form the short form of this message is DISP ENAB ON In this manual the messages are written in a combination of upper and lower case Upper case characters are used for the short form of the message For example the above command would be written DISPlay ENABle The first colon can be left out for the first command or query in your message That is the example given above could als...

Page 45: ...tems follow the syntax description The most common of these are string is ascii data A string is contained between a at the start and the end or a at the start and the end value is numeric data in integer 12 decimal 34 5 or exponential format 67 8E 9 wps is a white space Other kinds of data are described as required The characters between square brackets show optional information that you can incl...

Page 46: ...Programming the Polarization Controller GPIB Interface 48 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition ...

Page 47: ...ote command descriptions the parts given in upper case characters must be given The parts in lower case characters can also be given but they are optional Command Summary 52 The Common Commands 54 Common Status Information 55 SRQ The Service Request 56 CLS 56 ESE 57 ESE 57 ESR 58 IDN 58 OPC 59 OPC 59 RCL 60 RST 60 SAV 61 SRE 61 SRE 62 STB 62 TST 63 WAI 64 ...

Page 48: ...on HALF 70 INPut POSition QUARter 71 INPut POSition QUARter 71 Scanning the Poincare Sphere 72 INPut PSPHere RATE 72 INPut PSPHere RATE 72 INITiate IMMediate 72 ABORt 73 STATus Commands 74 Setting Up the STATus Registers 75 STATus PRESet 75 STATus OPERation NTRansition 75 STATus OPERation NTRansition 76 STATus OPERation PTRansition 76 STATus OPERation PTRansition 76 STATus OPERation ENABle 76 STAT...

Page 49: ...larization Controller Second Edition 51 Checking the Status 80 STATus OPERation CONDition 80 STATus OPERation EVENt 80 STATus QUEStionable CONDition 81 STATus QUEStionable EVENt 82 SYSTem Commands 83 SYSTem ERRor 83 SYSTem VERSion 83 ...

Page 50: ... 0 255 Standard Event Status Enable Query ESR value 0 255 Standard Event Status Register Query ISN string Identification Query OPC Operation Complete Command OPC value Operation Complete Query RCL location 0 9 Recall Instrument Setting RST Reset Command SAV location 1 Save Instrument Setting SRE value 0 255 Service Request Enable Command SRE value 0 255 Service Request Enable Query STB value 0 255...

Page 51: ...THETap THETap POSition HALF HALF POLarisizer POLarisizer QUARter QUARter PSPHere RATE RATE STATus OPERation CONDition ENABle ENABle ENVENt NTRansmission NTRansmission PTRansmission PTRansmission PRESet OFF 0 ON 1 0 1 value value value value value value value value value value 0 1 0 1 value value value value value value value value j j j j j j j j j j 720 00 2160 00 350 00 360 00 360 00 0 0 0 0 720...

Page 52: ...e Common Commands The IEEE 488 2 standard has a list of reserved commands called common commands These are the commands that start with an asterisk Some of these commands must be implemented by any instrument using the standard others are optional This section describes the implemented commands ...

Page 53: ... and two are enable registers These registers conform to the IEEE Standard 488 2 1987 You can _nd further descriptions of these registers under ESE ESR SRE and STB The following figure shows how the registers are organized Status Register Figure 13 Common Status Registers The questionable and operation status trees are described in STATus Commands Unused bits in any of the registers return 0 when ...

Page 54: ...t by a serial poll The RQS bit is not affected by the condition that caused the SRQ The serial poll command transfers the value of the Status Byte register to a variable CLS Syntax Definition The CLS command clears the following Standard event status register ESR Status byte register STB The Error Queue After the CLS command the instrument is left waiting for the next command The instrument settin...

Page 55: ... The register is cleared At power on By sending a value of zero The register is not changed by the RST and CLS commands ESE The standard event status enable query returns the contents of the standard event status enable register Example OUTPUT 724 ESE 21 OUTPUT 724 ESE ENTER 724 A Table 4 The Event Status Enable Register BIT MNEMONIC BIT VALUE 7 Power On 128 6 User Request 64 5 Command Error 32 4 ...

Page 56: ...0 _ contents _ 255 Example OUTPUT 724 ESR ENTER 724 A IDN Syntax IDN Definition The identification query commands the instrument to identify itself over the interface Response Agilent Technologies Agilent 8169A mmmmmmmmmm n nn Agilent Technologies manufacturer Table 5 The Standard Event Status Register BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 7 Power On 128 6 User Request 64 4 Execution Error 16 3 Devicedependent...

Page 57: ...eue and sets the operation complete bit in the standard event status register ESR This command can be used to avoid filling the input queue before the previous commands have finished executing Example OUTPUT 724 CLS ESE 1 SRE 32 OUTPUT 724 OPC OPC This query causes all the program messages in the input queue to be parsed and executed Once it has completed it places an ASCII 1 in the output queue T...

Page 58: ...ation 0 contains the default setting which is the same as that obtained by RST Example OUTPUT 724 RCL 3 RST Syntax RST Definition The reset setting default setting stored in ROM is made the actual setting Instrument state the instrument is placed in the idle state awaiting a command The following are not changed GPIB interface state Instrument interface address Output queue Service request enable ...

Page 59: ...ed setting is identical with the scope of the standard setting described in RST Example OUTPUT 724 SAV 3 SRE Syntax SRE wsp value Definition The service request enable command sets bits in the service request enable register that enable the corresponding status byte register bits The register is cleared At power on By sending a value of zero The register is not changed by the RST and CLS commands ...

Page 60: ... 724 SRE 48 OUTPUT 724 SRE ENTER 724 A STB Syntax STB Definition The read status byte query returns the contents of the status byte register 0 _ contents _ 255 Table 7 The Service Request Enable Register BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 7 Operation Status 128 6 Request Status 64 5 Event Status Byte 32 4 Message Available 16 3 Questionable Status 8 2 Not used 0 1 Not used 0 0 Not used 0 Bit 6 cannot be mas...

Page 61: ...ands the instrument to perform a self test and place the results of the test in the output queue Returned value 0 _ value _ 65535 This value is the sum of the results for the individual tests Table 8 The Status Byte Register BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 7 Operation Status 128 6 Request Status 64 5 Event Status Byte 32 4 Message Available 16 3 Questionable Status 8 2 Not used 0 1 Not used 0 0 Not used ...

Page 62: ...while the test is running The instrument is returned to the setting that was active at the time the self test query was processed The self test does not require operator interaction beyond sending the TST query Example OUTPUT 724 TST ENTER 724 A WAI Syntax WAI Table 9 The Self Test Results BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 14 Motor 3 16384 13 Motor 2 8192 12 Motor 1 4096 10 Counter 3 1024 9 Counter 2 512 8...

Page 63: ...ote Commands Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition 65 Definition The wait to continue command prevents the instrument from executing any further commands all pending operations are completed Example OUTPUT 724 WAI ...

Page 64: ...ONj0j1 Description This command enables or disables the front panel display Set the state to OFF or 0 to switch the display off set the state to ON or 1 to switch the display on The default is for the display to be on DISPlay ENABle Syntax DISPlay ENABle Description The query returns the current state of the display A returned value of 0 shows that the display is off A returned value of 1 shows th...

Page 65: ...alue is a oating point number between 360 00 and 360 00 Description This command sets the position of the polarizing filter The parameter may be either a number in mechanical degrees do not give a unit the number will be rounded to the nearest 0 05_ MINimum 360 00 MAXimum 360 00 or DEFault 0 00 INPut POSition POLarizer Syntax INPut POSition POLarizer Description This query gets the position of the...

Page 66: ...EPSilonb wsp value MINimumMAXimumDEFault where value is a oating point number between 720 00 and 720 00 Description This command sets the 2 εB position on of the Poincare sphere The parameter may be either a number in optical degrees do not give a unit the number will be rounded to the nearest 0 05_ MINimum 720 00 MAXimum 720 00 or DEFault 0 00 INPut CIRCle EPSilonb Syntax INPut CIRCle EPSilonb De...

Page 67: ...n the Poincare sphere The parameter may be either a number in optical degrees do not give a unit the number will be rounded to the nearest 0 05 MINimum 2160 00 MAXimum 2160 00 or DEFault 0 00 INPut CIRCle THETap Syntax INPut CIRCle THETap Description This query gets the position of the 2 θp position on the Poincare sphere in optical degrees without a unit The value you specify with this command is...

Page 68: ...value MINimumMAXimumDEFault where value is a oating point number between 360 00 and 360 00 Description This command sets the position of the λ 2 retarder plate The parameter may be either a number in mechanical degrees do not give a unit the number will be rounded to the nearest 0 05 MINimum 360 00 MAXimum 360 00 or DEFault 0 00 INPut POSition HALF Syntax INPut POSition HALF Description This query...

Page 69: ... the position of the λ 4 retarder plate The parameter may be either a number in mechanical degrees do not give a unit the number will be rounded to the nearest 0 05 MINimum 360 00 MAXimum 360 00 or DEFault 0 00 INPut POSition QUARter Syntax INPut POSition QUARter Description This query gets the position of the λ 4 retarder plate in mechanical degrees without a unit Example OUTPUT 724 POS QUAR 64 O...

Page 70: ...0 1 Description This command sets the speed at which the the state of polarization is changed 0 set the speed to slow for polarization dependent measurements or 1 sets the speed to fast for quasi depolarized signals INPut PSPHere RATE Syntax INPut PSPHere RATE Description This query gets the the speed at which the the state of polarization is set to change 0 if the speed is set to slow 1 if the sp...

Page 71: ...arization Controller Second Edition 73 Description This command starts the application ABORt Syntax ABORt Description This command aborts an application that is running Example OUTPUT 724 PSPH RATE 1 OUTPUT 724 INIT OUTPUT 724 PSPH RATE ENTER 724 R OUTPUT 724 ABOR ...

Page 72: ...ters The contents of this register are cleared when it is read A positive transition register PTRansition which when enabled puts a 1 into the event register when the corresponding bit in the condition register goes from 0 to 1 The power on condition for this register is for all the bits to be enabled A negative transition register NTRansition which when enabled puts a 1 into the event register wh...

Page 73: ...ansition registers are set to 1 All the bits in the NTRansition registers are set to 0 Example OUTPUT 724 STAT PRES Only two bits of the OPERation node are used Bit 1 to show that the instrument is settling that is that the polarizer and the λ 4 and λ 2 plates have not reached position Bit 8 shows that an application is running STATus OPERation NTRansition Syntax STATus OPERation NTRansition wsp v...

Page 74: ...n Syntax STATus OPERation PTRansition wsp value Description This command sets the bits in the PTRansition register Setting a bit in this register enables a positive transition 0 1 in the corresponding bit in the CONDition register to set the bit in the EVENt register STATus OPERation PTRansition Syntax STATus OPERation PTRansition Description This query returns the current contents of the OPERatio...

Page 75: ...7 of the Status Byte STATus OPERation ENABle Syntax STATus OPERation ENABle Description The query returns the current contents of the OPERation ENABle register Example OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER NTR 2 OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER PTR 256 OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER ENAB 258 OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER NTR ENTER 724 N OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER PTR ENTER P OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER ENAB ENTER 724 E Only one bit of the QUEStionable node ...

Page 76: ...ition Description This query returns the current contents of the QUEStionable NTRansition register STATus QUEStionable PTRansition Syntax STATus QUEStionable PTRansition wsp value Description This command sets the bits in the PTRansition register Setting a bit in this register enables a positive transition 0 1 in the corresponding bit in the CONDition register to set the bit in the EVENt register ...

Page 77: ...e Status Byte STB Setting a bit in this register to 1 enables the corresponding bit in the EVENt register to affect bit 3 of the Status Byte STATus QUEStionable ENABle Syntax STATus QUEStionable ENABle Description This query returns the current contents of the QUEStionable ENABle register Example OUTPUT 724 STAT QUES NTR 256 OUTPUT 724 STAT QUES PTR 256 OUTPUT 724 STAT QUES ENAB 256 OUTPUT 724 STA...

Page 78: ...ters STATus OPERation CONDition Syntax STATus OPERation CONDition Description This query reads the contents of the OPERation CONDition register Only two bits of the condition register are used Example OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER COND ENTER 724 A STATus OPERation EVENt Syntax STATus OPERation EVENt See also The Common Commands for the standard IEEE 488 2 status registers NOTE Table 10 BITS MNEMONICS BIT V...

Page 79: ...depends on the transition register configuration Example OUTPUT 724 STAT OPER ENTER 724 A STATus QUEStionable CONDition Syntax STATus QUEStionable CONDition Description This query reads the contents of the QUEStionable CONDition register Only one bit of the condition register is used Example OUTPUT 724 STAT QUES COND ENTER 724 A Table 11 BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 8 Setting 256 1 Application 2 Table...

Page 80: ...ATus QUEStionable EVENt Description This query reads the contents of the QUEStionable EVENt register Only one bit of the event register is used whether these bits contain information depends on the transition register configuration Example OUTPUT 724 STAT QUES ENTER 724 A Table 13 BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 8 Calibration Data 256 ...

Page 81: ...omma for example 0 No error Error codes are numbers in the range 32768 and 32767 Negative error numbers are defined by the SCPI standard Positive error numbers are device dependent The errors are listed in Appendix F Example OUTPUT 724 SYST ERR ENTER 724 A SYSTem VERSion Syntax SYSTem VERSion Description This query returns the version of the SCPI command set being used in the format yyyy v where y...

Page 82: ...Remote Commands SYSTem Commands 84 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition ...

Page 83: ...0 Series 200 300 computers These programming examples do not cover the full command set for the instrument They are intended only as an introduction to the method of programming the instrument The programming examples use the GPIB Example 1 Checking Communication 86 Example 2 Status Registers and Queues 87 Example 3 Finding the Optimum Transmission SoP 90 Example 4 Finding the Polarization Depende...

Page 84: ... A Simple Communication Check Definitions and initialization 110 Pol 724 This statement sets the address of the polarisation controller The first 7 is to access the GPIB card in the controller the 24 is it s GPIB address 120 130 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 DIM String 50 PRINT TABXY 5 10 Programming Example 1 Simple Communications Send an IDN and get the Identification OUTPUT Pol IDN ENTER ...

Page 85: ...Agilent 8169A Programming Example 2 Status Structure and a useful self lesrning tool Declarations and initialization INTEGER Value Bit Quot Xpos Ypos DIM Inp 100 DIM A 300 Pol 724 ON INTR 7 GOSUB Pmm_srq Mask the registrers OUTPUT Pol SRE 248 The SRE 248 command enables bits 7 Operation Status Summary 5 ESB 4 MAV and 3 Questionable Status Summary in the status byte bit 6 SRQ cannot be disabled in ...

Page 86: ...tatus Register PRINZT TABXY 4 16 Last Command PRINZT TABXY 4 17 Last Error PRINZT TABXY 4 18 Output Queue Start the program loop and enable the interrupt for the errors Ende 0 GOSUB Pmm_srq ENABLE INTR 7 2 The Central Loop REPEAT INPUT Command Inp GISUB Pmm_spq OUTPUT Pol Inp PRINT TABXY 21 16 PRINT TABXY 21 16 Inp WAIT 1 0 UNTIL Ende 1 GOTO 1380 Pmm_srq Interrupt Handling Subroutine to display th...

Page 87: ...EN IF Bit 16 THEN ENTER Pol A PRINT TABXY 21 18 A END IF END IF If the bit is not set then display 0 ELSE PRINT TABXY Xpos Ypos 0 END IF Set up for the next iteration Bit Bit DIV 2 Xpos Xpos 4 UNTIL Bit 0 Now that the status byte is displayed get the Standard Events Status Register OUTPUT Pol ESR ENTER Pol Value Set up to display the ESR Ypos 12 NEXT Z Read and display any messages in the error qu...

Page 88: ... a power meter in the description below an Agilent 8163B Lightwave Multimeter with a laser module and a sensor module are used We will use the length of fiber connecting the instruments as our linear DUT Setting Up the Equipment 1 With both instruments switched off connect the laser source to the polarization controller 2 Connect the polarization controller to the power meter Figure 15 Setup for s...

Page 89: ...e instruments with the output of the source connected to the input of the sensor and wait for the ENTER key to be pressed before continuing CLEAR SCREEN True 1 False 0 Set the Wavelength and the averaging time for the sensor OUTPUT Mm sour pow wave ENTER Mm Wl OUTPUT Mm sens2 pow wave Wl OUTPUT Mm sens2 pow atime 200ms Switch on the source OUTPUT Mm sour pow state on Find the position of the polar...

Page 90: ...polarization when changing thetap Angle 0 Inc 10 Minward False Minpow Maxpow REPEAT Angle Angle Inc OUTPUT Pol circle thetap Angle OUTPUT Mm read2 power ENTER Mm Newpow IF Newpow Minpow THEN IF Minward True THEN Inc Inc 2 ELSE Inc Inc Minward True END IF ELSE Minpow Newpow Minward True END IF UNTIL ABS Inc 05 Now search for the overall worst case polarization by changing epsilonb Angle 0 Minward F...

Page 91: ...Polarization Controller Second Edition 93 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 Now set the optimum by moving to the opposite side of the sphere OUTPUT Pol circle epsilonb Angle 180 And finish OUTPUT Mm sour pow state off END ...

Page 92: ...DUT Setting Up the Equipment 1 With both instruments switched off connect the laser source to the polarization controller 2 Connect the polarization controller to the power meter Figure 16 Setup for setting the position of the polarizing filter 3 Switch on both instruments and enable the laser source 4 Set the channel with the sensor module to the wavelength of the source and select the default av...

Page 93: ...truments with the output of the source connected to the input of the sensor and wait for the ENTER key to be pressed before continuing CLEAR SCREEN True 1 False 0 Set the Wavelength and the averaging time for the sensor OUTPUT Mm sour pow wave ENTER Mm Wl OUTPUT Mm sens2 pow wave Wl OUTPUT Mm sens2 pow atime 200ms Switch on the source OUTPUT Mm sour pow state on Find the position of the polarizing...

Page 94: ...up the instruments for slow scanning of the sphere and at fast measurement time to sample the power OUTPUT Pol psphere rate 0 OUTPUT Mm sens2 pow atime 20ms OUTPUT Mm sens2 pow unit dbm Set values that have to change for maximum and minimum Minpow 100 Maxpow 100 Start the scanning OUTPUT Pol init Sample enough values to be sure of catching the maximum and minimum FOR Reading 1 TO 500 OUTPUT Mm rea...

Page 95: ... Initial Inspection 98 AC Line Power Supply Requirements 99 Line Power Cable 99 Replacing the Fuse 101 Replacing the Battery 102 Operating and Storage Environment 102 Temperature 102 Humidity 103 Altitude 103 Installation Category and Pollution Degree 103 Instrument Positioning and Cooling 103 Switching on the Polarization Controller 104 Optical Output 104 Trigger Input and Output 104 GPIB Interfa...

Page 96: ...e shipment for completeness and verified the instrument both mechanically and electrically The Appendix D gives a procedure for checking the operation of the instrument If the contents are incomplete mechanical damage or defect is apparent or if an instrument does not pass the operator s checks notify the nearest Agilent office This is a Safety Class 1 instrument provided with a protective earthte...

Page 97: ...e of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination Refer to Figure 17 for the part numbers of the power cables available Figure 17 Line Power Cables Plug Identification To avoid the possibility of injury or death you must observe the following precautions before switching on the instrument If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer for voltage red...

Page 98: ... see table of specifications Ground connection Cable clamp The AC power requirements are summarized on the rear panel of the instrument Figure 18 Rear Panel Markings Before switching on the instrument the protective earth terminal of the instrument must be connected to a protective conductor You can do this by using the power cord supplied with the instrument Do not interrupt the protective earth ...

Page 99: ...he fuse holder use the blade of a at headed screwdriver to depress the catch at the side of the holder and then pull the holder out a little Figure 19 Releasing the Fuse Holder 2 Pull the fuse holder out of the instrument Figure 20 The Fuse Holder 3 Check and replace the fuse as necessary making sure that the fuse is always in the top position of the fuse holder and the bridge is in the bottom 4 P...

Page 100: ...ge Environment The following summarizes the Agilent 8169A operating environment ranges In order for the polarization controller to meet specifications the operating environment must be within these limits Temperature Protect the instrument from temperature extremes and changes in temperature that may cause condensation within it The storage and operating temperature for the Agilent 8169A is given ...

Page 101: ...egree 2 according to IEC 60664 Instrument Positioning and Cooling Mount or position the instrument upright and horizontally so that air can circulate around it freely When operating the polarization controller choose a location that provides at least 75mm 3inches of clearance at the rear and at least 25mm 1inch of clearance at each side Failure to provide adequate air clearance may result in exces...

Page 102: ...r 2 5 Vdc to 5 Vdc The Trigger Output is a standard TTL level signal The polarization controller is supplied with either a straightcontact connector Option 021 or an angled contact connector Option 022 Make sure that you only use the correct cables with your chosen output See Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories in Appendix B for further details on connector interfaces and accessories CAUTIO...

Page 103: ...ces may be interconnected on one bus Connector The following figure shows the connector and pin assignments Connector Part Number 1251 0293 Figure 22 GPIB Connector Agilent products delivered now are equipped with connectors having ISO metric threaded lock screws and stud mounts ISO M3 5x0 6 that are black in color Earlier connectors may have lock screws and stud mounts with imperial threaded lock...

Page 104: ...mA to pull it low through a closure to digital ground When a line functions as an output it can sink up to 48 mA in the low state and approximately 0 6 mA in the high state Claims and Repackaging If physical damage is evident or if the instrument does not meet specification when received notify the carrier and the nearest Agilent Service Office The Sales Service Office will arrange for repair or r...

Page 105: ...ials to be used if the original packing is no longer available or reusable General instructions for repacking are as follows 1 Wrap instrument in heavy paper or plastic 2 Use strong shipping container A double wall carton made of 350 pound test material is adequate 3 Use enough shock absorbing material 3 to 4 inch layer around all sides of the instrument to provide a firm cushion and prevent movem...

Page 106: ...Installation 108 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition ...

Page 107: ...Controller Second Edition 109 9 Accessories Instrument and Options 110 GPIB Cables and Adapters 110 Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories 110 Option 021 Straight Contact Connector 111 Option 022 Angled Contact Connector 112 ...

Page 108: ...PIB Cable 10833C 4 m 13 2 ft GPIB Cable 10833D 0 5 m 1 6 ft GPIB Adapter 10834A 2 3 cm extender Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories The polarization controller is supplied with one of three connector interface options Table 19 Mainframe Description Model No Polarization Controller Agilent 8169A Pig tailed fiber ports Option 020 Straight contact connectors Option 021 Angled contact connector...

Page 109: ...conic SC ST or D4 to connect to the instrument you must 1 attach your connector interface see the list of connector interfaces below to the interface adapter 2 then connect your cable Figure 23 Straight Contact Connector Configuration Table 20 Connector Interface Description Model No B 81000WI D4 81000GI Diamond HMS 10 81000AI DIN 47256 81000SI FC PC 81000FI SC 81000KI ST 81000VI ...

Page 110: ... FC APC Diamond HRL 10 DIN or SC APC to connect to the instrument you must 1 attach your connector interface see the list of connector interfaces below to the interface adapter 2 then connect your cable Figure 24 Angled Contact Connector Configuration Table 21 Connector Interface Description Model No Diamond HMS 10 DIN 81000SI FC APC 81000FI SC APC 81000KI ...

Page 111: ...Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition 113 10 Specifications Introduction 114 Other Specifications 115 Declaration of Conformity 116 ...

Page 112: ...gth range 1 5 1 5 dB 0 03 dB 0 1 dB Polarization Extinction Ratio 2 characteristic 45 dB 1530 to 1560 nm 40 dB 1470 to 1570 nm 30 dB 1400 to 1640 nm Polarization Adjustment Resolution 3 Fast axis alignment accuracy at home position 3 4 0 18 degree 360 degree 2048 encoder position 0 2 Angular adjustment accuracy minimum step size 3 greater than minimum step size 3 Setting time charcteristic Memory ...

Page 113: ... Angles are mechanical rotation angles of the wave plates 5 Only with Option 020 Other Specifications Ayoustic Noise Emission Geräuschemmissionswerte For ambient temperature up to 30 C LP 30 dB A LW 4 2 BEL Typical operator position 35dBA Normal operation 20dBA 3 2Bel Bei einer Umgebungstemperatur bis 30 C LP 30 dB A LW 4 2 BEL am Arbeitsplatz 35dBA normaler Betrieb 20dBA 3 2Bel Data are results f...

Page 114: ...Specifications 116 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition Declaration of Conformity ...

Page 115: ...oller Second Edition 117 11 Performance Test Introduction 118 Insertion Loss Variation with Rotation of l 4 and l 2 Plates 119 Example 122 Insertion Loss versus Wavelength 123 Example 126 Extinction Ratio of Polarizer 127 Example 129 ...

Page 116: ...8163B 1 1 1 81533B Optical Head Interface 81618A 1 1 1 81524A Optical Head 81624B 1 1 1 81000DF Depolarisation Filter 1 1 1 81000BA Bare Fiber Adapter 81000FA FC PC Connector Adapter 81000SA DIN 47256 Connector Adapter 1 1 1 1 81000AI Diamond HMS 10 Connector Interface 81000FI FC PC Connector Interface 81000SI DIN 47256 Connector Interface 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 81000UM Universal Through Adapter SEIKO PC P...

Page 117: ... λ 4 and λ 2 Plates 1 Make sure all the connectors you will be using are clean 2 Set up the hardware as shown in Figure 25 Figure 25 Test Setup for Measuring the Insertion Loss For option 020 first splice a Agilent 81102BC patchcord to the pigtail of the Pol port Make sure that all instruments have warmed up Fix all cables with tape so that they won t move during measurements ...

Page 118: ...t MENU Press until you get LOGGING Press to get SAMPLES Press cursor until display reads 500 Press until you get START Press cursor until you get IMMEDIAT Press to get LOGGING 4 Set up the 8168C a Press press type 1470 on the numeric keypad press b Press press type 100 on the numeric keypad press c Activate the Optical Output 5 Set up the 8169A DUT a Set the polarizing _lter for maximum transmissi...

Page 119: ...ntil you get LOGGING 9 Repeat list item 6 to list item 7 for wavelengths 1510nm 1530nm and 1560nm To change the wavelength on the 8153A a Press until λappears b Use the Modify keys to set the appropriate λ value To change the wavelength on the 8168A c Press press type the wavelength on the numeric keypad press Always note the MAXIMUM and MINIMUM values in your test record 10 Press to get back to M...

Page 120: ... Minimum Spec Result Maximum Spec Mesurement Uncertainty 1 Insertion Loss Variation with Rotation of λ 4 and λ 2 Plates Wavelength Maximum Power Minimum Power Difference 1470 nm 32 401 dBm 32 421 dBm 0 060 dBPP 0 060 dBPP 1510 nm 32 510 dBm 32 539 dBm 0 019 dBPP 0 060 dBPP 1540 nm 32 444 dBm 32 465 dBm 0 021 dBPP 0 060 dBPP 1560 nm 32 506 dBm 32 526 dBm 0 060 dBPP 0 060 dBPP ...

Page 121: ... 8153A to 1 sec measuring time press until T is shown set T to 200ms by using the Modify keys d Set 8153A to wavelength 1470 nm press until λ is shown set λ to 1470 by using the Modify keys 4 Set up the 8168C a Press press type 1470 000 on the numeric keys press b Press press type 100 on the numeric keys press c Activate the 8168A 5 Set up the 8169A a Set 8169A to Pol 0 home position press b Selec...

Page 122: ...he required wavelength for each setting 9 Repeat list item 6 to list item 7 again for 1470 nm to ensure stability of measurement setup If your measured value is more than 01dB off the previous value you need to fix your setup and repeat list item 3 to list item 8 10 Connect the 8168A s output to the 81524A Optical Head as shown in Figure 26 Figure 26 Test Setup for Measuring the Reference PowerIf ...

Page 123: ...tem 13 again for wavelength 1470 nm to ensure stability of measurement setup If your measured value is more than 01 dB off the previous value you need to fix your setup and repeat list item 11 to list item 15 16 Calculate Insertion Loss as difference of Reference Power Power after DUT and note the values in the associated column for each wavelength 17 Check your calculations of Insertion Loss for ...

Page 124: ... 29 715 dBm 30 965 dBm 1 250 dB 1490 nm 29 960 dBm 31 326 dBm 1 366 dB 1500 nm 30 265 dBm 31 326 dBm 1 332 dB 1510 nm 28 872 dBm 30 188 dBm 1 316 dB 1520 nm 29 915 dBm 31 254 dBm 1 339 dB 1530 nm 30 431 dBm 31 727 dBm 1 296 dB 1540 nm 29 304 dBm 30 740 dBm 1 346 dB 1550 nm 29 601 dBm 30 984 dBm 1 333 dB 1560 nm 30 345 dBm 32 661 dBm 1 316 dB 1570 nm 30 133 dBm 31 466 dBm 1 333 dB Maximum Insertion...

Page 125: ...all the connectors you will be using are clean 2 Setup the equipment as shown in Figure 27 Figure 27 Test Setup for Measuring the Extinction Ratio For option 020 first splice a Agilent 81101BC patchcord to the pigtail of the λ 2 port Make sure that all instruments have warmed up Fix all cables with tape so that they won t move during measurements ...

Page 126: ...ansmission 8153A display shall show maximum reading minimum value at negative sign 7 Set 8169A DUT to maximum transmission a Set the polarizing _lter for maximum transmission see Setting the Position of the Polarizing Filter in Chapter 2 b Set 8169A DUT to Circle press c Select 2 θP and turn the knob to get maximum reading on 8153A display d Select 2 εΒ and turn knob to get maximum reading on 8153...

Page 127: ...nstruments of the test setup and make sure to optimize the maximum transmission of the filter Example The maximum measured value is one that might only occur momentarily and after several tries because of random position changes that is you need to approach the minimum position from both sides for both parameters several times NOTE Table 25 Test No Test Describtion Minimum Spec Result Maximum Spec...

Page 128: ...____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ...

Page 129: ..._______ ____________ ____________ Table 28 Performance Test for the Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Option 020 Model HP 8169A Polarization Controller Option 020 Report No _____________ Date _______________ Test No Test Description Min Spec Result Max Spec Measure ment Uncer tainty I Insertion Loss Variation with Rotation of N 4 and N 2 Plates Wavelength Maximum Minimum Difference Power Power...

Page 130: ...0nm __dBm __dBm _____dB Maximum Insertion Loss ____dB Minimum Insertion Loss ____dB Difference ______dBpp variation of insertion loss with Wavelength ________dBpp _______dBpp Table 30 Performance Test for the Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Option 020 Model HP 8169A Polarization Controller Option 020 Report No _____________ Date _______________ Test No Test Description Min Spec Result Max Sp...

Page 131: ...ters 146 How to clean connector interfaces 147 How to clean bare fiber adapters 147 How to clean lenses and instruments with an optical glass plate 148 How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface 149 How to clean instruments with a physical contact interface 150 How to clean instruments with a recessed lens interface 153 How to clean optical devices which are sensitive to mechanical ...

Page 132: ...uals or guides for full information on safety matters Please try whenever possible to use physically contacting connectors and dry connections Clean the connectors interfaces and bushings carefully after use If you are unsure of the correct cleaning procedure for your optical device we recommend that you first try cleaning a dummy or test device Agilent Technologies assume no liability for the cus...

Page 133: ...ou disable all sources when you are cleaning any optical inter faces Under no circumstances look into the end of an optical device attached to opti cal outputs when the device is operational The laser radiation is not visible to the human eye but it can seriously damage your eyesight To prevent electrical shock disconnect the instrument from the mains before cleaning Use a dry cloth or one slightl...

Page 134: ...5 in diameter Dust and other particles however can range from tenths to hundredths of microns in diameter Their comparative size means that they can cover a part of the end of a fiber core and thus degrade the transmission quality This will reduce the performance of your system Furthermore the power density may burn dust into the fiber and cause additional damage for example 0 dBm optical power in...

Page 135: ...ll of Agilent Technologies lightwave instruments are delivered with either laser shutter caps or dust caps on the lightwave adapter Any cables come with covers to protect the cable ends from damage or contamination We suggest these protective coverings should be kept on the equipment at all times except when your optical device is in use Be careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press t...

Page 136: ...et or a chemist s shop You may be able to obtain various sizes of swab If this is the case select the smallest size for your smallest devices Ensure that you use natural cotton swabs Foam swabs will often leave behind filmy deposits after cleaning Use care when cleaning and avoid pressing too hard onto your optical device with the swab Too much pressure may scratch the surface and could cause your...

Page 137: ... center of a pipe cleaner is hard metal and can damage the bottom of the adapter Your pipe cleaner should be new when you use it If it has collected any dust or dirt this can scratch or contaminate your device The tip and center of the pipe cleaner are made of metal Avoid accidentally pressing these metal parts against the inside of the device as this can cause scratches Compressed air Compressed ...

Page 138: ...our device You can use a microscope to choose an appropriate cleaning method and then to examine the results You can also use your microscope to judge whether your optical device such as a connector is severely scratched and is therefore causing inaccurate measurements Ultrasonic bath Ultrasonic baths are also available from photography or laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies An...

Page 139: ...ssue or cotton swab is applied Polymer film Polymer film is available from laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies Using polymer film is a gentle method of cleaning extremely sensitive devices such as reference reflectors and mirrors Infrared Sensor Card Infrared sensor cards are available from laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies With the help of this card you a...

Page 140: ...er Caps Be careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press the bottom of the cap onto the fiber as any dust in the cap can scratch or dirty your fiber surface When you have finished cleaning put the dust cap back on or close the shutter cap if the equipment is not going to be used immediately Always keep the caps on the equipment when it is not in use All of Agilent Technologies lightwave ...

Page 141: ...ng Instrument Housings Use a dry and very soft cotton tissue to clean the instrument housing and the keypad Do not open the instruments as there is a danger of electric shock or electrostatic discharge Opening the instrument can cause damage to sensitive components and in addition your warranty will be invalidated ...

Page 142: ...ngle mode fiber is only about 9 mm This generally means you cannot see streaks or scratches on its surface To be certain of the condition of the surface of your connector and to check it after cleaning you need a microscope In the case of scratches or of dust that has been burnt onto the surface of the connector you may have no option but to polish the connector This depends on the degree of dirti...

Page 143: ... The connection should be made immediately after cleaning and inspection to prevent the connection connector connector interface and physical connector interface from becoming dusty or dirty again Preferred Procedure An Optical Connector Cleaner which ressembles a VCR cleaning tape is a device that can be used to clean grease from the surface of a connector 1 Blow away any surface dust with compre...

Page 144: ...edure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the adapter by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure when there is greasy dirt on the adapter 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the adapter by rubbing the cotton swab over the ...

Page 145: ...new pipe cleaner with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the interface by pushing and pulling the pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this 3 Using a new dry pipe cleaner and a new dry cotton swab remove the alcohol any dissolved sediment and dust 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air How to clean bare fiber adapters Bare fiber adapters are difficult to clean ...

Page 146: ...as you do this 2 Clean the adapter by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air How to clean lenses and instruments with an optical glass plate Some lenses have special coatings that are sensitive to solvents grease liquid and mechanical abrasion Take extra care when cleaning lenses with these coatings Some ins...

Page 147: ...h compressed air How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface Do not attempt to access the internal parts of an Agilent N3988A video microscope for cleaning or for any other purpose Lens assemblies consisting of several lenses are not normally sealed Therefore use as little alcohol as possible as it can get between the lenses and in doing so can change the properties of projection If ...

Page 148: ...ut of the instrument before you begin the cleaning procedure Cleaning interfaces is difficult as the core diameter of a single mode fiber is only about 9 mm This generally means you cannot see streaks or scratches on the surface To be certain of the degree of pollution on the surface of your interface and to check whether it has been removed after cleaning you need a microscope Both the surface an...

Page 149: ...e interface by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure when there is greasy dirt on the interface 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the interface by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Take a new dry...

Page 150: ...ion Always make sure that the fiber end faces are properly cleaned and unscratched before connection The fiber end faces must be visually inspected using a microscope with a magnification of at least 400x For recommended fiber inspection microscopes please refer to Agilent s service team personnel NOTE ...

Page 151: ...t or dirt with compressed air If this is not sufficient then a Clean the interface by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement b Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure when there is greasy dirt on the interface and using the preferred procedure is not sufficient Using isopropyl alcohol should be your las...

Page 152: ...he film on the surface and wait at least 30 minutes to make sure that the film has had enough time to dry 2 Remove the film and any dirt with special adhesive tapes Alternative Procedure For these types of optical devices you can often use an ultrasonic bath with isopropyl alcohol Only use the ultrasonic bath if you are sure that it won t cause any damage any part of the device 1 Put the device in...

Page 153: ... remove any dust or lint Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Do not use an ultrasonic bath as this can damage your device Use this procedure when there is greasy dirt on the device 1 Put the optical device into a bath of isopropyl alcohol and wait at least 10 minutes 2 Remove the fluid using compressed air at some distance and with low pressure If there are any streaks or drying stains on the surface repe...

Page 154: ...Make your cleave and immediately insert the fiber into your bare fiber adapter in order to protect the surface from dirt Preferred Procedure There is an easy method for removing dust from bare fiber ends 1 Touch the bare fiber end with adhesive tape Any dust will be removed How to clean large area lenses and mirrors Some mirrors as those from a monochromator are very soft and sensitive Therefore n...

Page 155: ... pressure you can also use an optical clean polymer film This procedure is time consuming but you avoid scratching or destroying the surface 1 Put the film on the surface and wait at least 30 minutes to make sure that the film has had enough time to dry 2 Remove the film and any dirt with special adhesive tapes Only use water if you are sure that there is no other way of cleaning your optical devi...

Page 156: ...lternative Procedure B If your lens is sensitive to water then 1 Moisten the lens or the mirror with isopropyl alcohol 2 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away remaining lint with compressed air ...

Page 157: ...e the fiber end will rub up against something which could scratch it and leave deposits Lens cleaning papers Some special lens cleaning papers are not suitable for cleaning optical devices like connectors interfaces lenses mirrors and so on To be absolutely certain that a cleaning paper is applicable please ask the salesperson or the manufacturer Immersion oil and other index matching compounds Do...

Page 158: ...Cleaning Information Other Cleaning Hints 160 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition ...

Page 159: ...Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition 161 13 Error Messages Display Messages 162 GPIB Messages 163 Command Errors 163 Execution Errors 165 Device Specific Errors 166 Query Errors 167 ...

Page 160: ...an that the DSP Digital Signal Processor Communications had failed Selftest Error 12 would mean that the DSP Communications had failed and so had the Battery RAM A value of zero shows no errors Table 31 Bits Mnemonics Hexadecimal Value 14 Motor 3 800016 13 Motor 2 400016 12 Motor 1 100016 10 Counter 3 040016 9 Counter 2 020016 8 Counter 1 010016 5 DSP Timeout 002016 4 DSP Communications 001016 3 C...

Page 161: ...ta type but found another for example was expecting a string but received numeric data 105 GET not allowed A Group Execute Trigger was received within a program message see IEEE 488 2 7 7 108 Parameter not allowed More parameters were received for a command than were expected 109 Missing parameter Fewer parameters were received than the command requires 110 Command header error A command header is...

Page 162: ... A suffix can have a maximum of 12 characters 138 Suffix not allowed A suffix was found where none is allowed 140 Character data error This error shows that the parser has found an error in character data but cannot be more specific 141 Invalid character data The character data is incorrect or inappropriate 144 Character data too long Character data can have a maximum of 12 characters 148 Characte...

Page 163: ...trol or from local to remote control 220 Parameter error This shows that a parameter error has occurred but the control block cannot be more specific 221 Settings conict A valid parameter was received but could not be used during execution because of a conict with the current state of the instrument 222 Data out of range The data though valid was outside the range allowed by the instrument 223 Too...

Page 164: ...ows that a device specific error has occurred No more specific information is available 310 System error An instrument system error has occurred 311 Memory error A memory error has been detected 314 Save recall memory lost The nonvolatile data saved by the SAV command has been lost 315 Configuration memory lost The nonvolatile configuration data saved by the instrument has been lost 330 Self test ...

Page 165: ...smission of the response to a query for example a query followed by a DAB or a GET before the response was completely sent 420 Query UNTERMINATED A condition occurred that interrupted the reception of a query for example the instrument was addressed to talk and an incomplete program message was received 430 Query DEADLOCKED A condition causing a deadlocked query has occurred for example both the i...

Page 166: ...Error Messages 168 Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller Second Edition ...

Page 167: ......

Page 168: ... Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH 2002 2004 Printed in Germany November 2004 Third edition October 2004 08169 90A01 www agilent com Agilent Technologies ...

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