Wheels are secured to the fork or frame through the hub. For traditional,
solid axles, this is done with 15 mm hex nuts. Use a 15 mm spanner to
insert and remove the wheel. In quick-release systems, you will not need
any tools, as you can simply secure the axle by manually turning the
quick-release skewer.
The play of cup and cone bearings must be checked regularly! Try
to move the wheel sideways manually within the fork or seat stay.
You should not be able to feel any play. You can also check the free
rotation of the wheel by slightly lifting the bicycle and turning its wheel.
The wheel should make a couple of revolutions, then come to a stop. If
the axle has play or is stuck, it must be readjusted. The correct setting
requires dexterity and experience. If you would rather not perform this
setting by yourself, turn to a specialist service centre!
Rims
Rims are an important part of your bicycle. This is not only because
on most modern bikes the brakes act on the rim. Rims are available in
a great variety of shapes, materials, and sizes. Many manufacturers
place a wear indicator strip on the side of the rim to allow visual
checking of its condition.
In the long run, all rims are wearing parts. The pressure load, the
wearing effect of the brake pads, and the load arising from cycling all
wear out the aluminium profile of the rim.
It is difficult to say exactly when a rim is no longer usable – this greatly
depends on your cycling and braking style.
You can contribute significantly to extending the service life of the rim
by always maintaining the correct tire pressure.
If the wear indicator strip on the side of the rim drops below a
critical level, the increased tire pressure will damage the rim,
with the possible consequence of a puncture or a blocked wheel.
Warning: accident risk! Have the wear of your rim checked regularly
by your specialist service centre.
Hubs
Bicycle hubs are still being fitted with cup and cone bearings due to
their ability to handle great loads. The bearings roll along a greased
track between the cone and the cup. The play of bearings can be
regulated with the cone located on the threaded axle. The hub is
insulated against the various forms of contamination.
In recent years, the use of so-called industrial bearings has become
increasingly widespread. They have a long service life and roll
exceedingly smoothly.
Old axle types were secured with a screw. Today's hubs use a quick-
release system composed of a cam and a quick-release skewer (see
the chapter describing the quick-release skewer).
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