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The EMV SIM module is a block that is configured via the device's peripheral bus
interface. The module has 32-bit aligned memory mapped registers that are used to
configure and control the operations of the module. The software can write the transmit
bytes or read the received bytes using either interrupt operation or DMA operation. The
module can generate necessary DMA requests for the operation.
The module interfaces to the external card (Smart Card) via card clock, card reset, card
V
CC
enable and IO pins. The transmitter output from the module and the receiver input to
the module are connected to the same IO pin and used in the open drain configuration. A
pull-up resistor must be connected to the IO pin on board to allow proper functioning.
The key functional blocks in the module are clocking, transmitter and receiver which
control the interactions with the Smart Card. These blocks function on a clock that is
different and asynchronous to the register read/write clock. In order for the transmitter
and receiver to function properly, the respective configuration must be done before
enabling the transmitter or receiver.
The clocking module generates the card clock (output to Smart Card), and the internal
clocks for the transmitter and receiver. The internal clocks control the ETU period and
the sampling and driving of data on the IO line. The receive operation uses an internal
over-sampled clock that oversamples the received input at 16x times the ETU rate. The
prescaler generates the card clock in the range of 1 to 5 MHz with near 50% duty cycle
and the baud divider generates the internal ETU clocks for transmitter and receiver.
The transmitter comprises of a 4-byte deep FIFO to store the bytes to be sent to the Smart
Card. These bytes are sent to the Smart Card serially by the transmitter. The data format
(i.e. inverse or direct conversion) is supported and the byte is converted into the right data
format before being shifted out serially. The transmitter also supports retransmission of
the current byte on the reception of a NACK. The transmitter automatically inserts
NACK when the receiver indicates a parity or FIFO overflow error, if configured to do so
by software. The transmitter is not required to be enabled for this. The transmitter also
includes timer to insert the programmable guard time between the transmitter bytes and
general purpose timers to allow software performs certain measurements. The status of
the transmitter operation is intimated to software via maskable interrupts.
The receiver comprises of a 4-byte deep FIFO to store the correctly received bytes from
the Smart Card. Software must ensure that it reads out the data from FIFO to prevent any
overflow when more bytes are sent from the card. The receiver can be configured to
detect the initial character. When configured to do so, the data format (direct or inverse
convention) is also determined by the receiver and appropriate bit is set in the register
map. Internal timers in the receiver measure the various wait times (Character, Block and
Guard). On reception of a byte, the receiver checks the byte for Parity Error (in T=0
mode) and Framing Error. It can then direct the transmitter to insert NACK on parity
error detection. For a block of bytes received, the receiver checks for LRC or CRC errors
Chapter 21 Smart Card Interface Module (EMV SIM)
K32 L2A Reference Manual, Rev. 2, 01/2020
NXP Semiconductors
483
Содержание K32 L2A Series
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