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1-7
IM 704210-01E
Functions
1
Hardware histogram mode
In the following formulas, “n” indicates the number of bins of a histogram. “Bin” refers to each
bar of the histogram and indicates frequency of the same measured data. X
i
indicates the class
value of each bin. The width of bins varies depending on the specified span of X-axis, and may
be as small as 100 ps. In this case, X
i
indicates the measured value. For details, refer to 1.6.
• Maximum value (MAX)
Indicates the largest value among the class values.
M AX = [X
i
]
max
• Minimum value (MIN)
Indicates the smallest value among the class values.
M I N= [X
i
]
m in
• Average value (AVE)
Calculates the average value of the histogram. P
i
indicates relative frequency (*).
AVE =
Σ
i = 1
n
X
i
×
P
i
* P
i
can be calculated using the formula “P
i
= N
i
/ N” when the total number of samples to be
used for statistical computation is N and frequency (number of samples) of a bin is N
i
.
• Standard deviation (
σ
σ
σ
σ
σ
)
Calculates the standard deviation of the histogram. Standard deviation indicates degree of
dispersion. P
i
indicates relative frequency.
=
1
n
Σ
(
i = 1
n
X
i
– AVE)
2
×
P
i
σ
• Peak to peak (P-P)
Calculates the difference between the maximum and minimum values.
P – P = MAX – M IN
• Flutter (
σ
σ
σ
σ
σ
/AVE)
Calculates flutter of the histogram. Flutter indicates degree of dispersion in percentage in relation
to the average value.
σ
/ AVE =
σ
AVE
×
1 0 0 ( % )
• Jitter 1 (
σ
σ
σ
σ
σ
/T)
Constant T is used to calculate jitter 1 of the histogram. Jitter 1 indicates degree of dispersion in
percentage in relation to constant T.
σ
/ T =
σ
T
×
1 0 0 ( % )
• Jitter 2 (MELE, Maximum Effect Length Error)
Constant T is used to calculate jitter 2 of the histogram. X
center
indicates the center value of
X-axis in the window. For details, refer to 1.6. X
center
means the value around which measured
values are distributed. Jitter 2 indicates deviation of the average value from X
center
in percentage
in relation with constant T.
M E LE =
|
AVE – X
C ENT ER
|
T
×
1 0 0 ( % )
1.4 Computation