190 Vehicle care
Vehicle care
General information ....................190
Vehicle checks ............................193
Bulb replacement........................209
Electrical system.........................214
Vehicle tools ...............................219
Wheels and tyres ........................219
Jump starting .............................231
Appearance care ........................236
General information
Emission information
Petrol engine
The emission control systems are
designed to reduce the amount of
hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide
(CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)
that are emitted from the engine and
fuel system into the atmosphere. HC
and NOx, when exposed to sunlight
under certain conditions, contribute to
smog. In addition, CO is toxic when it
becomes highly concentrated in
the air.
Emission control system
Major emission control systems that
the vehicle may have are:
1. Evaporative emission control
system. This system is designed
to prevent the escape of fuel
vapour from the fuel system and
recycle the vapours through the
normal combustion process.
2. Crankcase emission control
system. This system is designed
to prevent blow-by gases from
escaping into the atmosphere
and recycle them through the
combustion process.
3. Exhaust emission control system.
The various components of
this system operate collectively
to limit HC, CO and NOx
emissions in the exhaust gas.
The exhaust emission control
system consists of components
including electronic control
of spark, fuel and idle speed.
In addition, vehicles have a
catalytic converter and closed
loop mixture control system.
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