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Chapter 5 Analysis

5-7

ERROR/FAULT MESSAGES

The instrument displays error/fault messages relating to analysis by indicators on the
display or by flag screens.

Display Indicators

A letter or symbol at the end of the analyzer reading indicates the following:

Table 4-2.

Display Indicators

Symbol Description

High alarm level exceeded

Low alarm level exceeded

Short Term Exposure Limit alarm level exceeded

X Fault/error

Purge not done

Z Zero

invalid

Concentration exceeds full scale value (HRL).



Measurements are below the range of the measurement electronics. Possible
corrective action is to rezero the analyzer or change the pathlength.



Measurements exceed the range of the measurement electronics. Possible
corrective action is to rezero the analyzer or change the pathlength.

}

Calculation overflow where range has been exceeded for processing a
measurement value. Possible corrective action is to repeat the measurement.

Содержание MIRAN 205B Series

Страница 1: ...MIRAN205B Series SapphIRe Instruction Manual Portable Ambient Air Analyzers Part Number BK3538 26Jun2015 ...

Страница 2: ...ons terms and pricing are subject to change Not all products are available in all countries Please consult your local sales representative for details Thermo Fisher Scientific Air Quality Instruments 27 Forge Parkway Franklin MA 02038 1 508 520 0430 www thermo com aqi ...

Страница 3: ...ientific has contracted with one or more recycling disposal companies in each EU Member State and this product should be disposed of or recycled through them Further information on Thermo Fisher Scientific s compliance with these Directives the recyclers in your country and information on Thermo Fisher Scientific products which may assist the detection of substances subject to the RoHS Directive a...

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Страница 5: ...ls and Display 4 1 Passcode Access 4 2 Control Menu 4 2 Entering Numeric Characters 4 3 Making Menu Selections 4 3 Menu Structure 4 3 Startup Procedure 4 4 Using the Search Feature 4 11 Information Screens 4 12 Error Screens 4 13 Changing the Pathlength 4 16 Analog Output 4 17 Instrument Orientation 4 17 5 Analyze Start 5 1 To Zero the Analyzer 5 1 To Begin Analysis 5 4 Log 5 5 Zero 5 5 Location N...

Страница 6: ...te Info 8 1 Sites 8 1 Locations 8 2 Sites and Locations Summary 8 5 9 Report Data Transfer 9 1 Select Site 9 1 Print Menu 9 2 Data Transfer 9 3 Memory Clear 9 5 Hyperterminal 9 5 10 Maintenance and Service 10 1 Zero Gas Filter 10 1 Particulate Filter 10 1 Battery Pack 10 1 Care of Optics 10 2 Service Locations 10 3 11 Firmware Update 11 1 Introduction 11 1 Procedure 11 2 12 User Performance Verifi...

Страница 7: ...ing a Custom Report 14 1 Header 14 2 Gas Data 14 3 Footer 14 4 Report Entry Fields 14 4 Coding Guide 14 5 Appendix A Warranty A 1 Appendix B Intrinsic Safety B 1 I O Configuration vs Location for Miran SapphIRe M205B B 1 Appendix C Scan Calibration Procedure C 1 Introduction C 1 A Create a Logging Site C 2 B Perform a Peak Pick or Full Spectrum Scan C 3 C Download Data From the Analyzer to a PC C ...

Страница 8: ...ormance Verification Kit E 1 General E 1 Introduction E 1 Instrument Configuration E 2 Configuring the Gas Sampling Accessory E 2 Gas Challenge E 3 Appendix F Parts and Accessories F 1 Appendix G Using Hyperterminal With the MIRAN SpphIRe Analyzer G 1 Appendix H Standare Libraries H 1 ...

Страница 9: ... Table 1 1 Feature Comparison of Various Models Feature SapphIRe Analyzer Model DL SL XL Factory calibrated for number of gases listed 0 50 120 User library of 10 single gas and 10 multi gas applications Yes Yes Yes Alternate measurement wavelengths No Yes Yes Fully upgradable to other models Yes Yes N A Temperature humidity reference compensation Yes Yes Yes Field calibration by user Yes Yes Yes ...

Страница 10: ...nent analysis It can take absorbance measurements of up to 10 wavelengths and display and log compensated concentrations for up to five individual gases In addition its user library can be programmed to store up to 10 single gas applications and up to 10 multi gas applications SapphIRe SL Analyzer The SapphIRe SL Analyzer performs all the functions of the SapphIRe DL Analyzer In addition it has 50...

Страница 11: ...U Also connections for analog output relay contacts parallel port printer and serial communication RS232 Wavelength Seven fixed bandpass filters and one continuously linear variable filter 7 7 to 14 1 microns The seven fixed wavelengths are 1 859 water vapor 3 333 general hydrocarbons 3 573 formaldehyde 4 004 reference 4 250 carbon dioxide 4 500 nitrous oxide and 4 620 carbon monoxide Pathlength T...

Страница 12: ...rating Conditions b Normal Operative Limits c Transportation and Storage Limits c Ambient Temperature 23 2 C 73 4 F 5 to 40 C 40 to 105 F 1 and 50 C 35 and 120 F 20 and 60 C 5 and 140 F Relative Humidity 50 10 5 to 95 noncondensing 0 and 95 noncondensing 0 and 100 noncondensing Ambient Pressure d 101 3 1 kPa 14 7 1 psi 86 to 106 kPa 12 5 to 15 3 psi 80 and 110 kPa 11 6 and 15 9 psi 80 and 110 kPa ...

Страница 13: ... mm O D 42 in 107 cm long Weight 24 lbs 10 9 kg Table 2 4 Optional Electrical Safety Certifications Testing Laboratory Types of protection and Area Classification Application Conditions ETL C Canada intrinsically safe Class I Division 1 Groups B C and D Temperature Class T4 ETL intrinsically safe Class I Division 1 Groups B C and D Temperature Class T4 Note Intrinsically safe analyzers have been d...

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Страница 15: ...Item Description 1 SapphIRe Ambient Air Analyzer 2 Charger Power Supply 3 Power Cable 4 Battery Pack shipped and installed in the analyzer battery compartment 5 Chassis Interface Cable 6 Battery Pack Interface Cable 7 Shoulder Strap 8 Air Sampling Assembly 10 Particulate Filter 11 Zero Gas Filter 12 Printer Cable 13 Serial Communication Cable 14 Battery Door Key 15 Pathlength Change Tool 16 Unit S...

Страница 16: ...ment Preparation 3 2 Figure 3 1 Cable Identification Power Cord 115V N0249XS Charger Chassis Interface Cable TR101TN Charger Battery Pack Interface Cable TR101TK Printer Cable TR101QX Serial Communication Cable P0170QW ...

Страница 17: ... on the back of the instrument The information contained on these plates may be required should the factory be contacted for technical information or repairs The metal identification plate is required for intrinsically safe models and contains additional information Figure 3 2 Data Plate Figure 3 3 Metal Identification Plate Style ...

Страница 18: ...for examples These gases may absorb IR energy at the same wavelength being used for sample analysis When such gases are present use a source of clean air other than filtered ambient air when zeroing the analyzer To install the wand and filter remove the protective covering from the analyzer inlet and outlet ports Connect one end of the flexible hose to the inlet port and the other end to the handl...

Страница 19: ...he instruments batteries It may simultaneously power the instrument and charge the internal battery as well as charge a second battery externally using the included charger battery pack interface cable It may also charge two batteries externally would require purchase of a second charger battery pack interface cable See figure 3 5 below The charger can operate from 95 to 260 Vac 50 60 Hz The power...

Страница 20: ...blishes the battery charge then goes out and the ready light appears The battery is now fully charged Battery Indicator Calibration The purpose of the battery indicator calibration is to recalibrate the battery s internal computer chip Since the battery s full run time is constantly diminishing by small amounts the baseline must be constantly adjusted This calibration procedure compensates for thi...

Страница 21: ...lamp comes on This indicates that the battery is being fully discharged a process which takes up to five hours 4 At the end of the discharge cycle the red Conditioning lamp goes out and the amber Charging lamp comes on This indicates that the battery is being brought to a full charge a process that takes approximately four hours 5 At the end of the charge cycle the amber Charging lamp goes out and...

Страница 22: ...iptions of these actions The power and signal connection panel is located behind a hinged door on the analyzer It contains a parallel port for output to a printer a serial port for connections to a PC and an output connection to provide 0 to 1 V dc analog and relay contact output See Figure 3 7 for the location of each Figure 3 7 Location of Output Connections Latch Firmware Update Switch ...

Страница 23: ... a menu SELECT Key Enters a highlighted menu choice Duplicates the ENTER key ESC Key Both Cancels the current operation clears the field and acknowledges messages CONTROL Key Toggles the Control menu to set various analyzer features on and off ON OFF Key Turns the analyzer power on or off Alphanumeric Keys Used to select numbered menu items and to make alphanumeric entries Arrow Keys Moves up and ...

Страница 24: ...isplay backlight on or off 2 Turn pump on or off 3 Turn sound error beeps on or off 4 Turn analog output on or off 5 Reset the alarms to inactive 6 If not logging reset analysis interval statistics 7 View battery condition time remaining no battery or invalid data 8 Set screen contrast using the keys Warning Intrinsically safe models require special actions with respect to these features Refer to ...

Страница 25: ...method that is useful for gloved operation or for one handed operation when the instrument is worn on the hip To use this method press the Menu key until the desired selection is highlighted Then press the Select key to enter the selection or the escape key to exit from the operation also see Table 4 1 MENU STRUCTURE All of the SapphIRe menus are accessed from the Main Menu Figure 4 2 shows the st...

Страница 26: ...ications If one of the applications shown in this menu is selected the display skips to the Zero menu shown below Note Any application in the Select Applications menu will be removed when a new application is downloaded from a PC These applications are not removed from the instrument and can be accessed from the user libraries via the Applications menu shown below CURRENT APPLICATION Select applic...

Страница 27: ...5 2CLETH More ENTER Search Primary Applications Menu Scroll the pages of the library with the arrow keys In the standard library there is more than one screen of choices which can be selected by pressing the arrow keys or pressing the ENTER key to use the search mode and follow the screen prompts If in the user library there is more than one screen of choices use the arrow keys In either the stand...

Страница 28: ...APPLICATION ACETONE 1 11 0 2000 2 8 4 2000 METHANE ppm Secondary Applications Menu To start the analyzer and take measurements using the newly selected application press 1 from the Main Menu The Zero Menu screen shown below appears if a zero has previously been taken Note If the analyzer has recently been zeroed press ENTER and the display skips to the Analysis menu shown below Thermo Fisher Scien...

Страница 29: ...previously entered pressure and allows accepting or changing it see Chapter 7 Pressure Compensation for configuration If a new pressure is entered the display responds ACCEPTED or presents an INVALID VALUE message Note SapphIRe does not measure pressure This must be determined from an external source and entered by the user at the beginning of each analysis Next the analyzer checks its pathlength ...

Страница 30: ...ncomplete purge and incorrect readings during analysis due to an invalid baseline value CURRENT APPLICATION Wait for cell to fill with zero air METHANE ppm 15 seconds Enter SkipPurge Zero Purge Display The instrument automatically begins the zeroing process Wait while the zero measurement is taken The screen displays the percent done Use the up and down arrow keys to toggle the measurement views C...

Страница 31: ...r screen shown below When the filter is connected to the IN port press ENTER CURRENT APPLICATION Install particulate METHANE ppm filter Enter Continue Install Particulate Filter Display Wait for the sample to fill the cell The filling progress is shown on the display Press ENTER to shortcut this procedure If the purge is skipped wait about 10 seconds for the cell to reach equilibrium Press 1 to st...

Страница 32: ...king measurements Note The location on the bottom line of the Analysis Menu and choices 3 4 and 5 do not appear unless the location mode is enabled CURRENT CONCENTRATION ANALYSIS MENU 1 Log 2 Zero 3 Location menu METHANE ppm 4 Prev 5 Next LOCATION Analysis Menu Note The black bands above and below the left portion of the screen indicate that the analyzer is actively making measurements 0 00 ...

Страница 33: ...ess ENTER to accept CURRENT CONCENTRATION Add or search for location B METHANE ppm Next match Press char key Backspace LOCATION Enter Accept Add Search Location Example If searching for Bedroom 2 enter B Display may show B AR Press the down arrow for next match Display may show B EDROOM Press the down arrow for next match Display may show B EDROOM1 Press the down arrow for next match Display may s...

Страница 34: ... Concentration Calculation installed or not Spectrum Scan installed or not Optional Temperature Sensor installed or not Manufacture Date Standard Library installed or not Full Library installed or not Enhanced Library installed or not User Library installed or not Gas Cell Material Chopper standard or custom Detector Material Filter standard or custom Intrinsically Safe or not Pathlength Changer i...

Страница 35: ...ed Contact service for assistance Measurement problem detected If any of the measurement flags are generated during analysis such as invalid purge invalid zero fault calibration overflow calculation overflow A D overflow underflow this error may appear This error message may be disabled permanently by pressing 1 on this error screen or by shutting off the Fault action parameter in the preference m...

Страница 36: ...y default values if this message is displayed If the analyzer power is cycled again and this message persists the backup battery may be dead Contact service for assistance Battery pack capacity getting low This message indicate the battery pack has reached the end of its lifetime Replace the battery pack with a new one Battery pack charge is low Not enough power to run analyzer This message indica...

Страница 37: ...Ensure the analyzer is properly powered If the problem persists call service for assistance Pathlength setting is wrong This warning message appears if the pathlength setting is changed to an invalid position during analysis Set the pathlength changer back to the correct position and restart analysis RECOMMENDED SERVICE IS DUE This message appears when the analyzer s next service date has passed A...

Страница 38: ...ution Do not overturn adjustment The rotation angle is approximately 90 degrees but the actual short path position corresponds to the point at which a push pin engages a notch in a cam As the pin and cam are aligned an indicator rod engages a microswitch which tells the microprocessor that the gas cell is now at short path As the mechanism is being changed from the long to short position there is ...

Страница 39: ...ION The SapphIRe analyzer can be used in primarily two positions 1 vertical with the handle facing up and 2 horizontal with the display facing up Either position is acceptable for analysis However because of gravitational forces on the motor mechanism which drives the wavelength system the most stable position is horizontal Furthermore there can be differences in the displayed data when the analyz...

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Страница 41: ...xide Ethane Methane Nitrous Oxide Propane and Water Vapor that can not be scrubbed by the zero gas filter it is important zero the unit in an area free of the chemical For example if methane is being measured zero the analyzer in a Methane free area Note typical atmospheric conditions are 2 3 ppm If the analyzer is zeroed in an area containing 7 ppm of Methane the zero value is set at 7 ppm All su...

Страница 42: ...ll chemical METHANE ppm filter Enter Continue Install Chemical Filter Display CURRENT APPLICATION Wait for cell to fill with sample METHANE ppm 15 seconds Enter SkipPurge Zeroing Process Display Caution The zero process requires five volumes of air about 11 liters to completely purge the cell Shortcutting this step can result in an incomplete purge and a faulty baseline value If ENTER is pressed t...

Страница 43: ...o repeat the zeroing procedure or ENTER to save the zero The display responds ZERO SAVED The display then prompts the user to replace the chemical filter with the particulate filter When this is done press ENTER Wait fo the cell to fill with sample The filling progress is shown on the display When completed the display changes to the Analysis menu Press ENTER to shortcut this procedure If the fill...

Страница 44: ...e user chooses not to rezero the analyzer or when the rezero procedure has been completed the display presents the Analysis Menu see Analysis menu above The active measurement is displayed on the left and the menu of selections on the right Note The black bands above and below the left portion of the screen indicate that the analyzer is actively making measurements In addition to reading Current C...

Страница 45: ... display reads STORED To stop logging press the ESCAPE key This has no impact on the current analysis ZERO The Zero function gives the user another opportunity to zero the analyzer To begin this function Press 2 Zero from the Analysis Menu The remainder of the procedure is the same as that explained earlier in this chapter in To Zero the Analyzer LOCATION NAME The Location Name function enables th...

Страница 46: ...M Press the down arrow for next match Display may show B EDROOM1 Press the down arrow for next match Display may show B EDROOM2 Press ENTER to accept Note To bring up a more selective choice enter the first few letters for example BE to skip the location bar and begin the search at bedroom To add a new location key in the entire new location name and press ENTER The new location appears in the sha...

Страница 47: ...S Short Term Exposure Limit alarm level exceeded X Fault error P Purge not done Z Zero invalid Concentration exceeds full scale value HRL Measurements are below the range of the measurement electronics Possible corrective action is to rezero the analyzer or change the pathlength Measurements exceed the range of the measurement electronics Possible corrective action is to rezero the analyzer or cha...

Страница 48: ...ter processing error Try again and notify service Digital signal processing error Try again and notify service Internal spectrometer related error Notify service Detector signal is below A D converter range May need to zero analyzer Detector signal is above A D converter range May need to zero analyzer High range of calibration exceeded Change application or recalibrate Software variable range exc...

Страница 49: ...e to a firmware update or a factory reset the analyzer proceeds directly to the Applications Menu CURRENT APPLICATION Select applic 1 BUTANE 2 ETHANE 3 FULL L SCAN METHANE ppm 4 XYLENE H 13 1 5 XYLENE L Enter More Recent Applications Menu CURRENT APPLICATION APPLIC MENU 1 Standard lib User libraries METHANE ppm 2 Single gas 3 Multi gas 4 Spectrum scan Applications Menu Once a selection has made fr...

Страница 50: ...ue The asterisk next to the 2000 indicates the alternate choice for application For more information on the SapphIRe SL and SapphIRe XL analyzers refer to Chapter 1 Introduction CURRENT APPLICATION ACETONE 1 11 0 2000 2 8 4 2000 ACETONE ppm Secondary Applications Menu Once a selection is made from the Secondary Applications Menu the display responds ACCEPTED In the above example Acetone can be ana...

Страница 51: ...140 0 160 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance Figure 6 1 Alternate Wavelength Example To effectively use the alternate wavelengths refer to a book of infrared spectra or access an internet web site such as http webbook nist gov chemistry Alternately the optional ThermoMatch Spectrum Correlation Software may be used to graph spectra Methyl Acrylate Acetone ...

Страница 52: ... routine They all scan the fixed bandpass filters and the entire linear variable filter region Full scan runs a slightly higher quality scan by more signal averaging and it takes more time Fast scan provides quicker results at the expense of a slightly noisier signal These features are optional and can assist in identifying unknown compounds using the ThermoMatch Spectrum Correlation Software or t...

Страница 53: ...re logging with auto start and one cycle METHANE ppm interval 1 Yes reconfig 2 Keep current Choose Log Defaults Screen The report format provides wavelength position and associated absorbance values For ease of analysis these may be graphed using commercial software ...

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Страница 55: ...lay presents the Setup Menu shown below A summary of the current site measurement units and clock reading is shown on the left and the menu of selections on the right SUMMARY SETUP MENU 1 Calibration Unit Default 2 Preferences Clock 01Jan01 3 Gas unit 13 30 45 4 Set clock 5 Analysis Setup Menu The contents of each of the five setup menu choices are shown in Table 7 1 ...

Страница 56: ...ode Log Interval Log Start Log Store Other Parameters Alarms High Alarm Low Alarm STEL Alarm Alarm Trigger Relay Output Relay 1 Relay 2 PAGE 1 Compensations Temperature Pressure Reference Humidity Preferences Zero Save Arrow Keys Log Warning Meas Fault Alarm Action Purge Flag PAGE 2 Batch Sample Off Enabled Zero Warning Time Warning Ref Deviation Autozero View Enable Conc Times Concentration Maxim...

Страница 57: ...ss 1 Zero The remainder of the procedure is the same as that explained in Chapter 5 To Zero the Analyzer Temperature Sensor Calibration This allows the user to perform an offset calibration should the temperature sensor drift over time The user should measure the ambient temperature using an external thermometer and enter the value on the screen Performance Verification This loads a multi gas appl...

Страница 58: ...edium 1 second and 3 Long 2 seconds 3 Power graphic Displays a startup screen graphic when turning the analyzer on 1 On and 2 Off 4 Battery status Selects when to show the battery status symbol on the display 1 Always and 2 When battery is low 5 Text type Selects the text type 1 Regular both upper and lower case and 2 All Capitals To access the second page of the Setup Preference menu press the do...

Страница 59: ... cc GAS UNIT Pressing 3 Gas unit from the Setup Menu causes the Unit Gas Selection Menu to be displayed see Unit Gas Selection menu below The current application is displayed on the left and the menu of selections on the right Choose the gas for which the units are specified If there is a single gas application this display is omitted and the display shown in the right side of Gas Unit menu shown ...

Страница 60: ...ecify how long the selected units should be used 1 Always and 2 Until another application is selected The display then summarizes the selections and indicates ACCEPTED CLOCK Selecting 4 Clock from the Setup Menu causes the Clock Menu to be displayed see Clock Menu below The current clock reading is displayed on the left and a place to enter the new date on the right See Chapter 4 Entering Alpha Ch...

Страница 61: ...e Analysis Setup Menu Page 1 SUMMARY ANALYSIS SETUP _Batch sampling 1 Batch sample _Zero warning 2 Zero warning _Autozero 3 Autozero Data Views _Conc _Max _Min _Avg 4 View enable _STEL _Absb _Intn _Gain More Analysis Setup Menu Page 2 SUMMARY ANALYSIS SETUP Passcode Off 1 Passcode Capacity 50 200 2 Log capacity Locations Off 3 Location list Reprt Out As logged 4 Report output More Analysis Setup M...

Страница 62: ...up or down arrow keys one or more times Press ESC to return to the Setup Menu In the summary shown in the Analysis Setup Menu Page 1 the Logging mode is shown as Single Sample and the Logging interval is set at 10 seconds the unit counts down 10 seconds after the trigger The Alarm setpoint is triggered on the High level All Compensations are turned off Logging To change the logging characteristics...

Страница 63: ...d This is because the analyzer can experience drift from internal and environmental factors The above compensations minimize those drift sources to produce a more stable baseline Finally since the SapphIRe analyzer is a portable unit it is not designed to operate continuously for long periods of time Periods of analysis beyond 24 hours can result in premature replacement of some components Log Int...

Страница 64: ...play prompts entering a timed log duration It can be entered as 1 to 999 seconds or minutes The numeric field entry is keyed in the units are selected with the down arrow key The display responds ACCEPTED Log Store Log Store selects the data to store for the log To access this parameter press 4 Log store from the Log Menu Then press 1 to specify maximum value 2 for minimum 3 for average 4 for abso...

Страница 65: ...CCEPTED LOG SUMMARY Mode Single sample Interval 10 seconds Start Manual _Auto repeat Auto save Store _OnAlrmOnly _STEL Mx Min Avg _Abs _Tmp ACCEPTED Other Parameters Menu Alarms To configure the state of the alarms press 2 Alarms from the Analysis Setup Menu Page 1 The Alarm Menu is displayed see Alarm menu below The current alarm summary is displayed on the left and the menu of selections on the ...

Страница 66: ... when acknowledged via the Control Menu Warning Intrinsically safe models require special actions with respect to the following section Refer to Appendix B for descriptions of these actions Press 4 from the Alarm Menu to specify the error and relay triggers At the Alarm Trigger display press 1 to specify alarms related to current concentration and 2 to specify alarms related to average concentrati...

Страница 67: ...at the zero point and a correction in the concentration value is made Pressure Compensation At higher elevations the ambient pressure is lower that at sea level These changes can effect the concentration value Thus at higher altitudes the analyzer displays lower readings than at sea level To correct for this difference measure the ambient pressure with an external device and enter this pressure va...

Страница 68: ... stable over extended periods of time It is still important however to let the instrument warm up for at least 10 minutes prior to beginning an analysis The information in Figure 7 1 was generated by enabling a reference compensation at the default wavelength setting of 4 004 microns The data was logged at one minute intervals in the continuous mode For graphing purposes the text data was converte...

Страница 69: ...tion must be enabled for the correction to take place When humidity is activated the batch mode should be enabled This insures that the compensation of the analytical wavelengths is properly performed as the sample remains consistent This compensation should not be invoked if it is known in advance that the sample air is very very dry 10 RH at reference conditions Analysis Preferences The Analysis...

Страница 70: ...ed by using the 6 and 9 keys as arrow keys 3 Log Warning Automatically logs if and when an alarm or fault or both occurs Press 1 Off to turn off this feature 2 On to log at an alarm or a fault 3 On alarm only to log at an alarm and 4 On fault only to log at a fault 4 Fault action Specifies the type of notification received if a fault occurs Press 1 None if only a symbol should be displayed 2 Beep ...

Страница 71: ...sation factor of the last gas If those ratios change because the sample has changed the results can be incorrect In the batch sampling process the analyzer internal pump pulls a sample into the gas cell for the application defined batch purge time typically 20 seconds the pump is shut down and each component is analyzed at its defined wavelength After the data is displayed the cycle is repeated To...

Страница 72: ...ter press 4 View Enable from the Analysis Setup Menu Page 2 Upon presentation of the next display press 0 to specify time 1 for Concentration 2 for Maximum 3 for Minimum 4 for Average 5 for Absorbance 6 for Intensity 7 for Intensity gain 8 for STEL and 9 for STEL maximum When finished press ENTER to set these selections The display responds ACCEPTED In the summary data views are marked active as f...

Страница 73: ...rom the third Analysis Setup Menu The Passcode Menu is displayed Press 1 to turn the passcode feature off 2 to enable the feature or 3 to change the code If 3 is pressed the display requires entering the new passcode The passcode can contain from 1 to 10 digits After entering the new passcode press the ENTER key If the password is accepted enter the password again to verify it If this is also vali...

Страница 74: ...etically The display responds ACCEPTED Press 3 to specify where to insert a new location At the next display press 1 to select Not allowed 2 to insert alphabetically 3 to insert at list end or 4 to insert above current location The display responds ACCEPTED Refer to Chapter 8 Site Info for more information about sites and locations Report Output The Report Output parameter configures certain featu...

Страница 75: ...Menus in that it is used to set up a specific application It is accessed by pressing the down arrow key from Analysis Setup Page 3 menu or the up arrow key from Analysis Setup Page 1 menu SUMMARY ANALYSIS SETUP 1 Choose applic Applic SF6 2 User Settings 3 Applic view and edit More Analysis Setup Menu Page 4 Choose Application If the application shown on the left side of the display is not the appl...

Страница 76: ...cations To access this function press 2 User settings from the Application Setup Menu If it is a multi gas application the Select Gas Menu is displayed see Select Gas menu below If it is a single gas application the Set Parameters Menu is displayed see Set Parameters menu below If it is a multi gas application when one of the gases listed in the Select Gas Menu is selected the display proceeds to ...

Страница 77: ...limit High is the high level alarm setpoint Low is the low level alarm setpoint STEL is the Short Term Exposure Limit setpoint TwaWt is the group time weighted average factor Many times when several compounds are present in an area the combined effect of the gases needs to be considered for industrial hygiene purposes For example two gases Gas A with a TWA of 5 ppm and Gas B with a TWA of 10 ppm a...

Страница 78: ...return to the Application Setup Menu Note A Low alarm is an alarm activated by a reading above the lower of two alarm setpoints a high alarm is an alarm activated by a reading above the higher of the two alarm setpoints Either or both alarms may be selected METHANE SUMMARY Enter value for HRL 100 0ppm gas high alarm High 100 0ppm Low 50 00ppm 25 ppm STEL 5 00ppm 15min Zero Off TwaWt Off MolWt 16 0...

Страница 79: ...rm Level Gas Low Alarm Level Gas STEL Alarm Level Gas STEL Time Interval Gas Molecular Weight Gas Density Number of Wavelengths Wavelength Summary Wave Position Gas TWA Weighting Application View and Edit Temperature Comp Pressure Comp Ref Comp Summary Ref Comp Mode Ref Wavelength Ref Measured Drift Humidity Comp Sum Humidity Comp Mode Humidity Wavelength Humidity Absorbance Pathlength Dwell Time ...

Страница 80: ... enhanced version applications The last name configured is shown on the display If this is the name wanted for the present application press ENTER The display changes to the next parameter to be configured Press 1 to change the name The Secondary Name Enter Display appears Key in the desired name and press ENTER If the entry is valid the display responds ACCEPTED and then changes to the next param...

Страница 81: ...Y HRL 100 0ppm High 100 0ppm Gas Low 50 00ppm Summary STEL 5 00ppm 15min TwaWt Off MolWt 16 0 D Off 1 Change Gas1 Prev Next Gas Summary Display Gas Name The Gas Name is the name of the gas for the application This name is displayed during analysis The last name configured is shown on the display If this is the desired gas for the present application press ENTER The display changes to the next para...

Страница 82: ... the number of digits to the right of the decimal point that are to be displayed For example if the expected readings are in the vicinity of 500 ppm select whole numbers zero digits If the expected readings are in the 1 to 10 ppm range select display readings to a tenth of a ppm one digit The following are suggested select 2 places for values of 0 to 1 1 place for values of 1 to 10 and 0 places fo...

Страница 83: ...last density configured is shown on the display If this is the density for the present application press ENTER The display changes to the next parameter to be configured Press 1 to change the density The Density Enter Display appears Key in the desired density 0 00 to 9 99 and press ENTER If the entry is valid the display responds ACCEPTED and then changes to the next parameter to be configured Th...

Страница 84: ...mps to the Temperature Compensation Display To change the data in the Wavelength Summary for a wave press 1 The Wavelength Position Display is presented WAVELENGTH SUMMARY 3 333um Wavelength Summary _Humidity compensation parameters installed 1 Change Wave1 Prev Next Wavelength Summary Display Application Wavelength Application Wavelength is the wavelength position defined for the installed applic...

Страница 85: ...y below HUMIDITY ABSORB H20 Select wave H2O range 12 345um Range 1 0 5000AU Range 2 0 7500AU 1 Range 1 Range 3 2 Range 2 3 Range 3 Wavelength Range Select Display Select the desired range 1 2 or 3 The Parameter Select Display appears see Parameter Select Display below HUMIDITY ABSORB H20 Select wave H2O parms Range 1 4 8 Q 0 000000E 00 1 Q P 7 890234E 01 2 P R 0 000000E 00 3 R 4 Absorb range Param...

Страница 86: ...d SUMMARY Application temp comp ref Applic METHANE Off Prev Next Temperature Compensation Display Pressure Compensation Pressure Compensation sets the pressure compensation off or on The last compensation condition configured is shown on the display If this is the compensation condition for the present application press ENTER The display changes to the next parameter to be configured Press 1 to ch...

Страница 87: ...with this wavelength is that it is not completely similar to other analytical wavelengths However using this reference wavelength provides suitable compensation for most applications If this compensation is inadequate it may be necessary to use a different reference wavelength Ideally the wavelength should be close to the analytical wavelength For example if ETO is measured at 11 6 microns then a ...

Страница 88: ...is shown on the display If this is the desired wavelength press ENTER The display changes to the next parameter to be configured Press 1 to change the wavelength The Wavelength Enter Display appears Key in the desired wavelength in m and press ENTER If the entry is valid the display responds ACCEPTED and then changes to the next parameter to be configured Reference Measured Drift Reference Measure...

Страница 89: ... Humidity Compensation Summary Display Humidity Compensation Mode Humidity Compensation Mode sets this mode off or on The last mode condition configured is shown on the display If this is the mode condition for the present application press ENTER The display changes to the next parameter to be configured Press 1 to change the mode condition The Mode Select Display appears Select the condition for ...

Страница 90: ...pears see Humidity Parameter Select Display below HUMIDITY ABSORB H20 Select wave H2O parms Range 1 to 4 8000AU Q 0 000000E 00 1 Q P 1 000000E 00 2 P R 0 000000E 00 3 R 4 Absorb range Humidity Parameter Select Display Select the desired parameter P Q R or Absorb Range The Humidity Parameter Enter Display appears Key in the desired parameter coefficient in the form 1 123456E 07 and press ENTER Note...

Страница 91: ...e of Max specifies the percent of maximum sample cell purge to perform For most gases 60 seconds or 100 provides enough flushing of the gas cell to clear the previous sample At a flow rate of approximately 14 liters minute and a cell volume of approximately 2 2 liters the SapphIRe analyzer has provided about six volumes of air Typically 5 volumes of air will purge the cell by 99 Although certain g...

Страница 92: ...bsorbance screen if enabled The third portion of the cycle is the display of the data By changing the Batch Percent of Purge to a lower value reduce the cycle time However by doing this each successive sample measurement shows a smaller step change since the gas cell is not being refreshed as quickly In a static or constant concentration location this may not be a problem In the Batch Percent of P...

Страница 93: ...or 3 The Meas Absorb Conc Parameter Select Display appears see Meas Absorb Conc Parameter Select Display below MEAS ABSORB CONC Range 1 0 1700AU Q 2 043480E 06 P 2 384240E 05 R 0 000000E 00 Prev Next Meas Absorb Conc Parameter Select Display The analyzer functions by measuring absorbance of light at the detector Once the absorbance is generated by the analyzer it needs to be converted in concentra...

Страница 94: ...Primary Name Display see Primary Name Display above Matrix Parameters Matrix Parameters is used for multigas applications It specifies the coefficient for a P and Q parameter for each part of the matrix The last coefficients configured are shown on the display MATRIX PARAMETERS Gas Wavelength Matrix 3 2 absorb concent Q 1 123456E 07 P 7 890234E 05 Prev Next Matrix Parameters Display To accept this...

Страница 95: ... done press the ESC key For more information on calibration parameters of multicomponent applications see LAD 001 036 Save Changes to Library If the current application has been changed from the library the display prompts Application is changed and asks Save changes to library Press ENTER to Save ESC to not save Note For step by step calibration procedures see Appendix E Scan Calibration Procedur...

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Страница 97: ...as been logged until a new site is created or the existing is site is erased When a new site is created the current site and logged data is not lost only closed The analyzer warns of this when a new site is created The data may be still be accessed by downloading to the computer through ThermoConnect or printed through the printer port Creating a New Site 1 From the main menu select 3 Site Info to...

Страница 98: ... to identify data within a site For example if monitoring homes the locations kitchen hall bedroom living and dining can be established When entering the first home an appropriate site name i e 123 Main St and the logging parameters can be established Then scroll through the five locations and log the data for the appropriate room s When moving to the next home a new site 987 Oak Lane would be est...

Страница 99: ...o the active location list These supplemental locations are available only in the site currently open Once the site is closed add these locations once again in the newly created site however the data logged to the supplement locations in the closed site will be visible when the data is downloaded or printed Examples of supplemental locations are shown below SUPPLEMENTAL LOCATIONS VERSION 1 LOCATIO...

Страница 100: ...ocation active Selection 3 allows scrolling through the supplemental location list It performs the same functions as selection 1 above except it makes that supplemental location active and loads the supplemental location to the active location list as long as that site is open Selection 4 allows searching for a specific supplemental location Pressing enter make that makes that supplemental locatio...

Страница 101: ...em into the analyzer as needed the one being sent into memory overwrites the exiting one This may be helpful if the monitor patterns include homes examples provided earlier hospitals locations may be OR1 OR2 Recovery1 Sterilizer1 or painting operations spray booth1 vent hood1 drying area storage room SITES and LOCATIONS SUMMARY A site is a memory location that holds logged data and has a limited l...

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Страница 103: ...0 of 35 2 Print logged 3 Data transfer Memory 85 free 4 Memory clear Report Data Menu SELECT SITE To select a site press 1 Select site from the Report Data Menu If no sites are available the display reads No sites are logged If sites are available the Site List Menu is displayed see Site List Menu below The current status continues to be shown on the left and the menu of selections on the right Se...

Страница 104: ...m the Print Menu to send data on the site selected in Setup mode to the printer If no site was selected the display reads No site is selected Press 2 Full setup to send all data as specified in the Setup mode to the printer Press 3 Partial setup to access the Partial Setup Menu see Partial Setup Menu below From this secondary menu the information can be printed only for the parameter specified gen...

Страница 105: ...nsfer Menus below The current status is shown on the left The current mode and baud rate is shown on the right as well as the opportunity to change the mode or baud rate and to send or receive data STATUS DATA TRANSFER Site all Mode Auto Baud 9600 Locations 1 Change mode Memory 94 free 2 Change baud 3 Send receive STATUS DATA TRANSFER Site all Mode Manual Baud 38400 Locations 1 Change mode 2 Chang...

Страница 106: ... Setup mode Press 3 Partial setup to access the Partial Setup Menu see Partial Setup Menu above From this secondary menu information can be sent only on the parameter specified general setup single gas user library multi gas user library report format definition location list or supplemental location list The current status continues to be shown on the left and the menu of selections on the right ...

Страница 107: ...continue The instrument responds Please wait while clearing memory When finished the display responds CLEARED SUMMARY MEMORY MENU Site all 1 Clear logged sites data Locations 2 Clear all logged data Memory 94 free locations report defin Memory Menu Caution Press 2 only if the report definition or location list are being changed HYPERTERMINAL To transfer data between the analyzer and a PC the MIRAN...

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Страница 109: ...epends upon the amount of particulate matter at the sampling point If the filter becomes clogged the sampling flow rate decreases resulting in a slow response The particulate filter can also become contaminated with background gases leading to faulty results Replace the filter when the response time has increased noticeably if the filter is suspect or after 400 operating hours BATTERY PACK Warning...

Страница 110: ... some compounds examples of which are listed in Table 10 1 may cause incorrect readings or degrade the analyzer s cell windows This could lead to an error message and require replacement of the windows The problem may be minimized by Avoiding repeated exposure to such concentrations Purging the analyzer thoroughly with clean dry air after exposure to such concentrations Table 10 1 Compounds That M...

Страница 111: ...tance service is available from exclusive distributors worldwide Contact one of the phone numbers below for product support and technical information or visit us on the web at thermo com aqi 1 866 282 0430 Toll Free 1 508 520 0430 International ...

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Страница 113: ...ess this directory and run the file ThermoConnect The enhanced firmware is provided as self extracting zipped files on diskette at the time of the firmware release It may also be obtained by accessing the Thermo Fisher Scientific web site http www thermo com ih and selecting the software button Create a new subdirectory and save the download into this new directory typically this file is named Svv...

Страница 114: ... files are included with each software release Read the readme txt and changes txt files prior to proceeding PROCEDURE Downloading Setup Information When the new firmware is loaded to the SapphIRe analyzer all setup and application information will be erased This information can be manually re entered However this process can be time consuming especially if there are lengthy location lists stored ...

Страница 115: ...d In PCIP press F2 for file and select the directory to store the file Type a file name for example MYSETUP TXT As it is being typed the file name appears at the bottom of the screen Press ENTER to end the file name If ThermoConnect is being used press F5 Receive and then F6 Full Setup Uploading New Firmware With the analyzer running press the Firmware Update Switch on the analyzer with a thin rod...

Страница 116: ...s about to be erase Press ENTER to continue SERIAL MENU Baud Rate 19200 1 Verify serial link 2 Baud rate Serial Menu The Loading Firmware screen is displayed In ThermoConnect highlight the M205 prm file and press F6 to send the new software to the analyzer This process takes about 25 minutes LOADING FIRMWARE Loading firmware using serial port Waiting Esc Cancel Loading Firmware Screen When complet...

Страница 117: ...he Report Data Menu to select Data Transfer see Data Transfer Menus above The display indicates that it is waiting for a request From the computer highlight MYSETUP TXT and press F6 After the transfer is complete select an application or single gas and begin analysis CURRENT APPLICATION MAIN MENU 1 Analyze Start METHANE ppm 2 Change gas 3 Site info 4 Config Setup 5 Report Data Analyzer Main Menu ...

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Страница 119: ...tions with respect to the following section Refer to Appendix C for descriptions of these actions 1 Before connecting the closed loop calibration system to the analyzer it must be free of all contaminants Therefore zero the analyzer see Chapter 5 To Zero the Analyzer When display says to install the particulate filter go to next step of this procedure instead 2 Connect tubing from the OUT connecto...

Страница 120: ...density g cm3 M Molecular weight of sample C 25 at 24 5 1 gas of me Molar volu R P 4 Press ENTER on the analyzer to continue After a few seconds press ENTE R again to skip purge The current concentration of approximately 0 is displayed 5 Make the injection of sample into the septum 6 The analyzer should read the concentration expected from the injection Note Thermo Fisher Scientific offers a calib...

Страница 121: ... in billionths of an inch Infrared energy is located toward the middle of the electromagnetic spectrum It is in the same area as the only visible portion of the spectrum light The visible portion of the spectrum includes wavelengths from 0 4 to 0 7 μm microns or a slightly broader region under appropriate conditions Thus the naked eye can only perceive a very small part of the electromagnetic spec...

Страница 122: ...Chapter 13 Infrared Spectroscopy Tutorial 13 2 Figure 13 1 Electromagnetic Spectrum ...

Страница 123: ... from about 1 8 to 14 1 μm This range was chosen because most chemical compounds show strong absorption of infrared energy in this region BASIC PROPERTIES OF WAVES Wavelength Figure 13 3 shows a cross section of a typical wave showing that the wave crests are evenly spaced The distance from a point on one crest to the equivalent point on the next is called the wavelength and is represented by the ...

Страница 124: ... IN MOTION The analysis of chemical compounds involves identifying both the type of molecules that comprise these substances qualitative analysis and the quantity of molecules present in a given sample quantitative analysis The SapphIRe Analyzer does both It identifies quantities of known gases in the atmosphere and determines how much of those substances their concentration is in the sample It do...

Страница 125: ... asymmetrical or symmetrical Figure 13 5 Figure 13 5 Asymmetrical vs Symmetrical Stretching Bending can be described in four separate modes Figure 13 6 Figure 13 6 Molecular Bending Three important facts follow from the above 1 Only the vibrations of a molecule s bonds can absorb infrared energy 2 There are many possible modes of vibration 3 Each vibrational mode may correspond to a distinct absor...

Страница 126: ...y that the molecular bond can absorb IR energy Thus resonance is the key to infrared analysis If a molecule s bonds vibrate at a particular frequency wavelengths of infrared radiation are absorbed by those bonds if they are at the same frequency For example if carbon is double bonded to oxygen it vibrates at a frequency that matches the frequency of infrared energy at a wavelength of 5 8 μm Whenev...

Страница 127: ...olecules allow us to determine what kind and how much of a molecule is present QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS IDENTIFYING COMPOUNDS Spectroscopy is the study of how energy typical electromagnetic energy interacts with matter We use selected areas between 1 8 to 14 1 μm band of the electromagnetic spectrum because higher energy levels such as those used in mass spectrometry break the molecules down to the at...

Страница 128: ... sample cell some of the radiation at the wavenumber 1064 are absorbed by the THF molecules whereas most of the other frequencies are transmitted This absorption can be plotted using a common strip chart recorder to produce an air referenced spectrum similar to that in Figure 13 8 0 00 0 02 0 04 0 06 0 08 0 10 0 12 0 14 0 16 0 18 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance Figure 13 8 Scan...

Страница 129: ...ounds in a sample cell The absorption peak s wavelength value is a qualitative measurement While frequency or wavenumber is often used to indicate this information wavelength in μ m units is also used to identify absorption peaks Note Viewing absorption peak values on spectral charts gives only a rough approximation of the specific values of absorption peaks Much greater accuracy can be achieved w...

Страница 130: ...air There are a number of distinct absorption peaks shown circled Some peaks contain shoulders less intense peaks leading up to the main peak From this figure it is obvious that infrared spectra of multiple compounds have many overlapping peaks 0 000 0 010 0 020 0 030 0 040 0 050 0 060 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance Figure 13 10 Isopropanol in Air With Absorption Peaks Indicat...

Страница 131: ... or by compensating for other compounds see second scan at 100 ppm compensated for air can certain peaks be easily identified Figure 13 11 lower 0 000 0 005 0 010 0 015 0 020 0 025 0 030 0 035 0 040 0 045 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance 0 050 0 000 0 050 0 100 0 150 0 200 0 250 0 300 0 350 0 400 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance Figure 13 11 Scans of Methylene...

Страница 132: ...cific analytical wavelength chosen for each organic compound depends upon two factors specificity and intensity Specificity The wavelength chosen for a particular compound must be characteristic of that compound it should serve to easily identify and distinguish the compound from other similar compounds For example Figure 13 12 shows spectra of two distinctly different hydrocarbons isopropanol 2 p...

Страница 133: ...8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Figure 13 12 Selecting a Distinguishing Peak of a Compound Intensity A second important criterion in selecting a wavelength for analysis is that the absorption level must be sufficiently intense to be measurable in the concentration range desired Figure 13 13 shows two spectra for R 142b at 10 and 120 ppm Two distinct absorption Isopropanol Methyl Ethyl Ket...

Страница 134: ... 5 microns practically disappears at the concentration of 10 ppm 0 000 0 100 0 200 0 300 0 400 0 500 0 600 0 700 0 800 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance 0 000 0 100 0 200 0 300 0 400 0 500 0 600 0 700 0 800 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wavelength In Microns Absorbance Figure 13 13 Selecting the Peak of High Intensity at Varying Concentrations R 142b at 10 ppm R 142b at 120 ppm ...

Страница 135: ...ecorders represent spectra as a plot of Transmittance on the y axis vs Frequency and Wavelength on the x axis The resulting plot Figure 13 14 is a measure of how much IR energy has passed through the sample and reached the detector Figure 13 14 Definition of Transmittance and Absorbance Transmittance is a measure of the difference between incident radiation I0 the intensity of IR energy entering a...

Страница 136: ...e most accurate calibration readings with the SapphIRe Analyzer are obtained at full scale between 0 2 and 0 6 AU which represents a 67 25 transmittance of IR energy AUs are derived from Transmittance a ratio of intensity of IR radiation entering and leaving the sample cell THE BEER LAMBERT LAW The Beer Lambert Law usually referred to as Beer s Law describes the relationship between absorption and...

Страница 137: ...f a compound is typically directly proportional to the concentration over the distance the light is allowed to travel through the sample Therefore if a sample of HCl at 100 ppm yielded an absorbance of 0 14 AU and the concentration was doubled to 200 ppm the absorbance value at the same pathlength theoretically doubles to 0 28 AU Also a plot of absorbance vs concentration should produce a straight...

Страница 138: ...e nonlinearity of Beer s Law at high concentrations it is important to limit analytical work to the 0 1 AU range in order to achieve the highest degree of accuracy using the SapphIRe Analyzer The ability to alter the pathlength the effective distance IR radiation travels through the sample cell provides a convenient method for keeping absorbance values within these recommended limits INFRARED SPEC...

Страница 139: ...es absorb a certain percentage of that energy The amount of energy absorbed can be expressed in Transmittance or in Absorbance Units By knowing how much IR energy is absorbed we can figure out how many molecules are in the chamber Very low concentration levels of gases can thus be measured and expressed in parts per million ppm HOW THE SAPPHIRE ANALYZER WORKS The SapphIRe Analyzer is a single beam...

Страница 140: ... Analyzer is a metal alloy filament which when heated to 825 C emits a broad spectrum of radiation The filament s operation is similar to the one used in a regular light bulb except that it produces primarily wavelengths of infrared energy or heat instead of light Radiation from the filament passes through revolving blades which interrupt or chop the beam and synchronize the electronic circuits wi...

Страница 141: ... monitoring for one compound it is important that the peak for the other compound not interfere in the analysis The fundamental concepts are the same whether it is a single beam infrared analyzer such as the SapphIRe Analyzer or a double beam laboratory instrument The major differences between the two types of instruments are portability and resolution The SapphIRe Analyzer is designed as a portab...

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Страница 143: ...ove for a single sample log For a spectrum scanning log contains wavelength and absorbance data for region scanned A footer containing user entered data if any MIRAN SapphIRe XL 04Jan01 10 15 SITE PLANT A ETO HRL 100 00 ppm LOCATION DATE TIME MAX MIN AVG FLAGS AREA1 04Jan01 07 35 17 0 06 0 06 0 06 AREA2 04Jan01 07 36 09 0 06 0 07 0 06 AREA3 04Jan01 07 37 02 0 07 0 16 0 11 Figure 14 1 Sample Standa...

Страница 144: ... _60 or space to the column to locate the next item To center something in a field enter a vertical bar at the beginning and end of the field To print the current date and time enter a code as follows Table 14 1 Date and Time Codes Format Code DDMMMYY 20 DDMMMYYYY 21 MM DD YY 22 MM DD YYYY 23 DD MM YY 24 DD MM YYYYY 25 HH MM SS 30 HH MM 31 Thus the first line of the header might read ABC Widget Co...

Страница 145: ...oded Format The coding in Figure 14 2 is explained as follows Table 14 2 Codes Used in Standard Format Code Meaning D Repeat for all logged data for a location G Repeat for each gas for one location H Repeat for all logged locations that are sequential and exactly the same except for the location and data logged Center data within field with leading and trailing spaces May be ignored for definitio...

Страница 146: ...entry t Type of entry field A Alphanumeric value initial value is none Numeric value numbers period and minus sign only initial value is none D Date value DDMMMYY format numbers for DD and YY letters for MMM initial value is current date d Date value nn nn nnnn format numbers only initial value is current date T Time value hh mm ss format numbers only initial value is current time t Time value hh ...

Страница 147: ... 0 TIME 10 00 0 11 00 0 12 00 0 13 A 01 0 SUNNY 14 A 01 0 CLOUDY 15 A 01 0 RAINING 16 A 02 0 WIND DIR 17 00 0 18 00 0 19 A 12 1 USER NAME 20 A 12 1 UNIT NAME 21 00 0 22 00 0 23 00 0 24 00 0 CODING GUIDE This guide specifies the selection and designation of the various entry and data fields available for insertion in the report Report generation replaces each field designator with the associated ch...

Страница 148: ...he end ofthe field shorten unused field characters Do not output spaces from the first field character to the first nonspace character in the field Same as both and Looping Indicators Certain data within the report output may be repeated by surrounding the repeated characters in the definition with braces and indicating a looping type The looping type is specified by the letter D G H or W immediat...

Страница 149: ...Valid Always Character size 1 Format Not applicable 01 General Purpose Index Description Value of the general purpose index When Valid Always Character size 2 Format NN right justified leading spaces 02 to 19 Reserved Description Reserved for future use When Valid Never Character size Not applicable Format Not applicable 20 Current Date DDMMMYYDescription Current date When Valid Always Character s...

Страница 150: ...ined 24 Current Date DD MM YY Description Current date When Valid Always Character size 8 Format DD MM YY Undefined 25 Current Date DD MM YYYY Description Current date When Valid Always Character size 10 Format DD MM YYYY Undefined 26 to 29 Reserved Description Reserved for future use When Valid Never Character size Not applicable Format Not applicable 30 Current Time Seconds Description Current t...

Страница 151: ...nators such as gas index and wavelength index When Valid Always Character size 0 does not generate output characters Format Not applicable Field Designator _ Tab 00 to 99 Tab Description Output spaces until reaching or exceeding the column number specified When Valid Always Character size 0 to 99 Format Not applicable Field Designator User Entries 00 to 99 User Entered Characters Description Alpha...

Страница 152: ...eric When Valid Always Character size 15 Format Left justified trailing spaces 03 Firmware Version Description Firmware version alphanumeric When Valid Always Character size 15 Format Left justified trailing spaces 04 Site Name Description User entered site name When Valid Always Character size 12 Format Left justified trailing spaces none No site name entered 05 Logging Mode Description Logging M...

Страница 153: ...ations When Valid Always but may change if value changed during site initially value when reset for new site Character size 1 Format X Enabled Disabled 08 Humidity Compensation Enable Description Indicates whether humidity compensation is enabled for applications supporting the compensations When Valid Always but may change if value changed during site initially value when reset for new site Chara...

Страница 154: ...nable Description Indicates whether the low concentration alarm is enabled for applications supporting the alarm When Valid Always but may change if value changed during site initially value when reset for new site Character size 1 Format X Enabled Disabled 13 STEL Concentration Alarm Enable Description Indicates whether the STEL concentration alarm is enabled for applications supporting the alarm...

Страница 155: ...lue changed during site initially value when reset for new site Character size 1 Format X Enabled Disabled 17 Log On Alarm Only Description Indicates whether the logging on alarm only is active When Valid Always but may change if value changed during site initially value when reset for new site Character size 1 Format X Enabled Disabled 18 to 99 Reserved Description Reserved for future use When Va...

Страница 156: ...trum scan Undefined 03 to 29 Reserved Description Reserved for future use When Valid Never Character size Not applicable Format Not applicable 30 Application Gas Name Description Application gas name of gas specified by the current General Purpose Index see previous section When Valid Always but may change if application changed during site initially value when reset for new site Character size 8 ...

Страница 157: ... STEL alarm limit of gas specified by the current General Purpose Index see previous section When Valid Always but may change if application changed during site initially value when reset for new site Character size 6 Format Concentration based on active unit right justified leading spaces 35 Application Gas STEL Time Description Application gas STEL time of gas specified by the current General Pu...

Страница 158: ...fined 01 Measurement Data Date DDMMMYYYY Description Date measurement logged When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 9 Format DDMMMYYYY undefined 02 Measurement Data Date MM DD YY Description Date measurement logged When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 8 Format MM DD YY undefined 03 Measureme...

Страница 159: ...cable Format Not applicable 10 Measurement Data Time Seconds Description Time measurement logged When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 8 Format HH MM SS undefined 11 Measurement Data Time Minutes Description Time measurement logged When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 5 Format HH MM undefin...

Страница 160: ... Index see previous section When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 6 Format Wavelength floating point format XX XXX Right justified leading spaces undefined 19 Measurement Data Wavelength Absorbance Description Absorbance for the wavelength specified by the current General Purpose Index see previous section When Valid When data logged for site i...

Страница 161: ...ogged for a site Character size 6 Format Right justified leading spaces undefined 23 Measurement Data Concentration STEL Description Maximum STEL concentration measured during the data logging interval for the gas specified by the current General Purpose Index see previous section When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 6 Format Right justified l...

Страница 162: ... and STEL alarm detected FAULT HIGH STEL Fault and high and STEL alarm detected FAULT LOW STEL Fault and low and STEL alarm detected 41 Measurement Data Validity Flags Clear Fault Alarm Description Concentration validity flags measured during the data logging interval When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 15 Format Same as Okay Fault Alarm but ...

Страница 163: ...entration validity flags measured during the data logging interval When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 12 to 448 max Format Same as Validity Flags Okay All Flags Without CrLf but a CR LF separates each flag note no CR LF after last flag 45 Measurement Data Validity Flags Okay All Flags Without CrLf Description Concentration validity flags mea...

Страница 164: ...ed No measurement alarm L High alarm active 48 Measurement Data Validity Flags Alarm High Low Description Concentration validity flags measured during the data logging interval When Valid When data logged for site initially first value logged for a site Character size 1 Format Measurement high and low alarm flag Undefined No measurement alarm H High alarm active L Low alarm active 49 Measurement D...

Страница 165: ... 12 repeated for each gas where GGGGGGGG Gas name left justified trailing suppressed DDDDDDDDDD Date format as controlled by designators default DDMMMYY left justified trailing spaces TTTTTTTT Time format as controlled by designators default HH MM SS left justified trailing spaces XXXXXX Concentration UUU Concentration units ppb ppm mgm VVV Validity format as controlled by designators default Okay...

Страница 166: ...rmat for date in statistics When Valid Last designator encountered is used Character size 0 Format MM DD YY undefined 23 Measurement Statistics Date MM DD YYYY Description Select format for date in statistics When Valid Last designator encountered is used Character size 0 Format MM DD YYYY undefined 24 Measurement Statistics Date DD MM YY Description Select format for date in statistics When Valid...

Страница 167: ... Character size 0 Format HH MM undefined 32 to 39 Reserved Description Reserved for future use When Valid Never Character size Not applicable Format Not applicable 40 Measurement Statistics Validity Flags Format Okay Fault Alarm Description Select format for validity flags in statistics When Valid Last designator encountered is used Character size 0 Format See Measurement Data Validity Flags Okay ...

Страница 168: ...y Flags Format Okay All Flags With CrLf Description Select format for validity flags in statistics When Valid Last designator encountered is used Character size 0 Format See Measurement Data Validity Flags Okay All Flags With CrLf in previous section 45 to 49 Reserved Description Reserved for future use When Valid Never Character size Not applicable Format Not applicable 50 Measurement Statistics ...

Страница 169: ...x Off Description Suppresses line for STEL max When Valid Last designator encountered is used Character size 0 Format Not applicable 55 Measurement Statistics Maximum Off Description Suppresses line for maximum concentration When Valid Last designator encountered is used Character size 0 Format Not applicable 56 Measurement Statistics Minimum Off Description Suppresses line for minimum concentrati...

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Страница 171: ...ial Authorization RMA which may include biohazard decontamination procedures and other product specific handling instructions and c then if applicable Buyer may return the defective Products to Seller with all costs prepaid by Buyer Replacement parts may be new or refurbished at the election of Seller All replaced parts shall become the property of Seller Shipment to Buyer of repaired or replaceme...

Страница 172: ... Seller s then prevailing time and materials rates ANY INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE REPAIR SERVICE RELOCATION OR ALTERATION TO OR OF OR OTHER TAMPERING WITH THE PRODUCTS PERFORMED BY ANY PERSON OR ENTITY OTHER THAN SELLER WITHOUT SELLER S PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OR ANY USE OF REPLACEMENT PARTS NOT SUPPLIED BY SELLER SHALL IMMEDIATELY VOID AND CANCEL ALL WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE AFFECTED PRODUCTS ...

Страница 173: ...s is suitable for use in Division 1 locations An intrinsically safe unit is restricted with respect to the devices that may be attached when in an area classified as hazardous Following is a block diagram of what may be attached in hazardous locations Also listed are several warnings that apply to operation in hazardous areas To ensure safe operation please observe these warnings carefully I O CON...

Страница 174: ...void rubbing the case against clothing 2 Do not remove or replace the battery cassette 3 Keep the I O panel door closed No electrical connections are allowed In a non hazardous location the devices shown in Figure B 2 may be safely attached to the SapphIRe analyzer Non Hazardous Locations Figure B 2 I O Configuration in Non Hazardous Locations ...

Страница 175: ...avelength for the compound of interest is known a scan for the analyzing wavelength is not necessary However a more precise analysis is accomplished if the calibration is adjusted for the specific instrument If the wavelength is unknown a scan can determine the best analyzing wavelength The SapphIRe can do either a peak pick fast scan or full scan A Peak Pick scan should be used when the approxima...

Страница 176: ...age Warning starting a site closes the old site data If an old site does not exist the instrument skips to step 3 Select Enter Continue 3 Using the on screen instructions input a new site name Select Enter Accept 4 Select Escape ESC to return to the Main Menu 5 From the Main Menu select 4 Config Setup 6 Select 5 Analysis 7 Select 1 Logging 8 Select 1 Log mode 9 Select 2 Single sample 10 Select 2 L...

Страница 177: ... 9 Input beginning wavelength and select Enter 10 Input ending wavelength and select Enter must be 2 0 microns or less 11 Select 1 New zero This step is omitted if no zero was saved from a previous analysis and the instrument skips to step 12 12 Attach the closed loop system to the analyzer in port on pump attaches to out port on analyzer out port on pump attaches to in port on analyzer Note that ...

Страница 178: ...previously it skips to Step 3 5 Select 4 Spectrum scan 6 Select either 5 Full L for long path scanning used for lowest detectable levels or 6 Full S for short path scanning used for higher concentration scans Note that higher quality results are obtained using a full scan The Main Menu returns 7 From the Main Menu select 1 Analyze Start 8 Attach the closed loop system to the analyzer in port on pu...

Страница 179: ...ct 9 pin cable from SapphIRe s serial output to PC s serial port 2 On the PC open the ThermoConnect program 3 From the SapphIRe s Main Menu select 5 Report Data 4 Choose 1 Select site and select the site with the logged data 5 Select 3 Data transfer 6 Select 3 Send receive 7 On PC choose F2 File 8 Highlight a file to receive the logged data To create a new file type in the name of the file 8 chara...

Страница 180: ... compare the infrared spectra of the gases Spectra may be obtained from internet web sites such as the NIST Chemistry Webbook http webbook nist gov chemistry It will be necessary to print out the appropriate spectra and overlay them to determine if interference exists Reference books such as Brian Thompson s Hazardous Gases and Vapors Infrared Spectra and Physical Constants Beckman Instruments Inc...

Страница 181: ...ells the instrument what concentration range the application is calibrated for Select 1 Change to set the upper calibrated range this value MUST be entered When the upper concentration value is entered select Enter Accept 19 This screen allows choosing the number of digits to the right of the decimal point that will be displayed during the application analysis The Application gas decimal point max...

Страница 182: ...to disable humidity compensation Select Next 33 For Multi Gas Library Application Only The instrument returns to the Wavelength Summary screen for the second wavelength Repeat steps 29 32 for each wavelength 34 The Application temperature compensation reference default value is Off Select Next Note To support temperature compensation set this value to reference temperature instead 35 The Applicati...

Страница 183: ...n select 1 Change 44 For Single Gas Library Application Only In the PQ Cal Range screen select 1 Range 45 For Both Single and Multi gas Library Application Select 1 Q and since the quadratic term is unknown at this point because the P matrix has not been generated yet enter 0 and then Enter Accept 46 For Both Single and Multi gas Library Application Select 2 P and since the linear term is unknown ...

Страница 184: ...measured by the syringe In the above example it will be 450 L Transpose the formula to C Vi VT and solve for the concentration C In this example C 450 2 24 200 1 Record both the concentrations and injection volumes 2 From the Main Menu select 1 Analyze Start 3 Select 1 New Zero 4 At the prompt Install chemical filter attach the Closed Loop Calibration System and turn the pump on Select Enter Conti...

Страница 185: ...fter each injection For example if the absorbance value stabilizes introduce the difference between injection values This will save time If however the absorbance value continues to fall it will be necessary to flush the system and introduce the new injection volume value e g by attaching an exhaust line to the out port on the instrument G GENERATE THE P MATRIX Note The following assumes Microsoft...

Страница 186: ...plication Skip one column and enter the corresponding concentration values in PPB units The PPB units are the injected concentration values that resulted in each absorbance row in the A matrix The rows should be entered by grouped compound injections and the columns should display the compound concentration in the order that the compounds are read on the instrument display The resulting area shoul...

Страница 187: ... Menu select 4 Config Setup 3 Select 5 Analysis 4 Press More 5 Select 3 Applic View and edit 6 If entering a P Matrix for a multi compound application go to step 14 7 For Single Gas Library Application Press Prev to view the Meas Absorb Conc screen 8 For Single Gas Library Application In the Meas Absorb Conc screen select 1 change and 1 Range 1 9 For Single Gas Library Application Select 1 Q and e...

Страница 188: ...he P value for the first compound at the second wavelength select 1 Change and 2 P Enter the P value and select Enter Accept 17 For Multi Gas Library Application Continue with the procedures described in steps 15 and 16 until the P and Q terms have been entered for all compounds at all wavelengths 18 For Both Single and Multi Gas Library Applications For both single and multigas library applicatio...

Страница 189: ...8 050 0 2123 9 225 0 0423 10 400 0 0160 8 075 0 2011 9 250 0 0441 10 425 0 0168 8 100 0 1830 9 275 0 0450 10 450 0 0174 8 125 0 1641 9 300 0 0459 10 475 0 0188 8 150 0 1427 9 325 0 0464 10 500 0 0194 8 175 0 1229 9 350 0 0465 10 525 0 0205 8 200 0 1044 9 375 0 0454 10 550 0 0215 8 225 0 0900 9 400 0 0449 10 575 0 0221 8 250 0 0818 9 425 0 0430 10 600 0 0232 8 275 0 0775 9 450 0 0408 10 625 0 0241 ...

Страница 190: ...2 11 500 0 0250 12 550 0 0702 13 600 0 0894 11 525 0 0253 12 575 0 0721 13 625 0 0884 11 550 0 0253 12 600 0 0729 13 650 0 0834 11 575 0 0256 12 625 0 0723 13 675 0 0815 11 600 0 0265 12 650 0 0703 13 700 0 0776 11 625 0 0274 12 675 0 0688 13 725 0 0748 11 650 0 0289 12 700 0 0667 13 750 0 0711 11 675 0 0300 12 725 0 0640 13 775 0 0691 11 700 0 0312 12 750 0 0616 13 800 0 0672 11 725 0 0322 12 775...

Страница 191: ...safe operation the levels are at or below the corresponding action levels and are further diluted immediately upon release to the atmosphere INTRODUCTION The field performance check kit consists of a gas mixture containing nitrous oxide sulfur hexafluoride and balance zero air The nominal concentrations and their tolerances are Nitrous Oxide N2 O Sulfur Hexafluoride SF6 25 parts per million ppm 0 ...

Страница 192: ...ts up the application to produce the most rapid updating of displayed concentrations If the normal logging configuration for this application is changed remember to reconfigure the instrument to the original parameters following this test It is assumed that the instrument has already been powered and warmed up for a period of at least 30 minutes CONFIGURING THE GAS SAMPLING ACCESSORY The gas sampl...

Страница 193: ... zero the analyzer as directed by the menu prompts Once the analyzer is zeroed the displayed concentrations for both gases should be substantially zero if the data is to be logged select the option from the displayed menu At this point do not remove the zero filter Instead perform several more complete measurement cycles to confirm a stable zero Typically another minute of operation in this condit...

Страница 194: ...ayed gas readings should first rise and then after approximately 3 4 minutes level off and stabilize Note these readings Disconnecting the Sampling Accessory After the readings have stabilized and have been recorded 1 Remove the trigger holder from the gas tank This normally shuts off the flow of any gas remaining in the tank but a slight upward nudge on the trigger itself ensures that the tank va...

Страница 195: ...ounted for by pressure or temperature deviation from the original calibration point Of course if atmospheric pressure is quite different usually lower then this should be factored into the review 2 Readings substantially lower may indicate an alteration in the internal optical alignment of the gas cell Again consult the factory for assistance 3 Discordant readings are generally not caused by deter...

Страница 196: ......

Страница 197: ...173QH Battery Compartment Key 10 TR101ZU Particulate Filters 2 recommended 11 TR101PU Zero Gas Filter 4 recommended 12 TR101QX Parallel Printer Cable 13 N0249XS Power Cord 115V US option 14 TR101RW Phillips Screwdriver 15 BK3538 Instruction Manual 16 8926 Power Cord 220V Europe option 17 107315 00 Power Cord 220V China option 18 07 010239 Cable USB to Serial 19 07 010239 WI Instructions USB to Ser...

Страница 198: ..._________________________ Serial Communication Cable RS 232 C Part No P0170QW ___________________________________ Shoulder Strap Part No CR013UJ Power Supply Dual Battery Charger Part No 107152 00 ___________________________________ Charger Chassis Interface Cable Part No TR101TN ___________________________________ Charger Battery Pack Interface Cable Part No TR101TK ______________________________...

Страница 199: ...ttery Compartment Key Part No X0173QH ___________________________________ Particulate Filter Part No TR101ZU Individual Filters ___________________________________ Zero Gas Filter Part No TR101PU Printer Cable Part No TR101QX ___________________________________ Power Cord 115V Part No N0249XS ___________________________________ Phillips Screwdriver Part No TR101RW ...

Страница 200: ...sportation Carrying Case Part No CR013XM ___________________________________ Closed Loop Calibration System 120V 50 60 Hz Part No 071 5707 220V 50 60 Hz Part No 071 5752 Field Performance Verification Kit Part No CR014LG ___________________________________ Gas Delivery System Part No CR014MA ___________________________________ Cylinder to N2O and SF6 Mixture in Air Part No CR014LN ...

Страница 201: ...Appendix F Parts and Accessories F 5 Analog Output Cable Part No CR013VQ ___________________________________ 12V Charger Adapter Cable Part No TR101TP ...

Страница 202: ......

Страница 203: ...al is the most widely available terminal program it ships with Windows 95 98 ME and Windows NT 2000 To start up Hyperterminal choose Start Programs Accessories HyperTerminal then double click on the Hypertrm exe icon If the Hyperterminal folder doesn t exist it s because the communications package was not installed when Windows was installed Hyperterminal may be installed by going into Windows Set...

Страница 204: ...m is running data may be sent from the analyzer to the PC First the terminal program should be set to write all incoming data to a file capture the data This is done in Hyperterminal by selecting the menu item Transfer Capture Text then setting the file name Next the transfer is originated at the SapphIRe by selecting 3 Send then selecting the appropriate data from the SEND MENU 1 Site 2 Full setu...

Страница 205: ...000 4764 5 11 91 10 436 Long 10 n BUTYL ACETATE BUTLACET XL 300 1428 0 18 0 86 9 668 Long 15 n BUTYL ALCOHOL BUOH n XL 200 607 0 25 0 76 9 572 Long 15 t BUTYL ALCOHOL BUOH t XL 100 304 0 3 0 91 8 444 Long 15 BUTYL CELLOSOLVE BUTLCELL SL 100 484 0 25 1 21 9 008 Long 15 t BUTYL METHYL ETHER MTBE XL 50 280 0 15 0 84 9 284 Long 10 CARBON DIOXIDE absolute a CO2ABS SL 1000 1804 1 1 80 4 250 Short 15 CAR...

Страница 206: ...0 70 8 970 Long 25 DIETHYLAMINE DIETHLAM XL 50 150 0 35 1 05 8 900 Long 10 DIMETHYLACETAMIDE DMAC XL 30 107 0 4 1 43 8 588 Long 15 DIMETHYLAMINE DIMETHAM XL 50 92 0 6 1 11 8 828 Long 10 N N DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE DMF XL 20 60 0 2 0 60 9 404 Long 10 DIOXANE DIOXANE XL 100 361 0 08 0 29 8 996 Long 15 ENFLURANE ENFLRN H SL 100 756 0 6 4 54 8 900 Short 10 ENFLURANE ENFLRN H SL 100 756 0 2 1 51 12 116 Long ...

Страница 207: ...00 2463 4 9 85 12 303 Long 10 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL IPA L SL 100 246 0 5 1 23 10 586 Long 10 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL IPA L SL 100 246 0 3 0 739 8 852 Long 10 ISOPROPYL ETHER IPETHER XL 1000 4187 3 12 56 9 044 Short 10 METHANE METHANE SL 100 66 1 5 0 99 3 333 Long 15 METHYL ACETATE METHACET SL 500 1518 1 3 3 95 8 204 Short 10 METHYL ACETATE METHACET SL 500 1518 6 18 21 9 644 Short 10 METHYL ACRYLATE METHACRY...

Страница 208: ...R12 SL 1000 4955 1 4 6 94 10 940 Short 15 DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE R12 SL 1000 4955 1 5 7 43 9 212 Short 15 DICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE R123 H SL 200 1253 1 3 8 15 8 548 Short 15 DICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE R123 H SL 200 1253 1 5 9 40 13 124 Long 15 DICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE R123 L SL 10 63 0 07 0 44 8 548 Long 15 DICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE R123 L SL 10 63 0 09 0 56 8 876 Long 15 1 CHLORO 1 1 2 2 TETRAFLUOROETH...

Страница 209: ...ENE XYLENE H SL 2000 8702 30 130 53 13 132 Short 10 XYLENE XYLENE H SL 2000 8702 7 30 46 12 600 Long 15 XYLENE XYLENE L SL 200 870 1 3 5 66 13 132 Long 15 Note The SapphIRe SL contains those compounds with and SL in the library column The SapphIRe XL contains all compounds in this list Accuracy is defined as the average value displayed from five times the detection limit to the full scale reading ...

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Страница 211: ...nd Edit 7 25 B Batch Sample Configuring 7 17 Battery Conditioning 3 7 Battery Indicator Calibration 3 6 Battery Pack Maintenance 10 1 Battery Status 4 2 7 4 Baud Rate Changing 9 3 Beer Lambert Law 13 16 C Cable Identification 3 2 Calibration 7 3 C 1 Charger Power Supply 3 5 Choose Application 7 21 Clock 7 6 Compensations Specifying Analysis 7 13 Configuration 7 1 Connections Output 3 8 Contrast Ad...

Страница 212: ...lication View and Edit 7 25 G Gas Change 6 1 Gas Unit 7 5 H Humidity Compensation 7 35 Humidity Compensation Table D 1 Hyperterminal 9 5 G 1 I Identification 3 3 Information Screens 4 12 Intrinsic Safety B 1 K Keys Function of 4 1 L Libraries Standard H 1 Location Name 5 5 Locations Configuring 7 20 Log 5 5 Log Capacity Configuring 7 19 Logging Characteristics Changing 7 8 ...

Страница 213: ...7 19 Pathlength Changing 4 16 Performance Verification 12 1 E 1 Power Supply Charger 3 5 Preferences 7 3 Pressure Compensation 7 32 Print Menu 9 2 Pump Turning On or Off 4 2 Purging Gas Cell 5 1 Q Qualitative Analysis 13 7 Quantitative Analysis 13 15 R Reference Compensation 7 33 Report Formatting Custom 14 1 Report Output Configuring 7 20 Report Data Transfer 9 1 S Scan Procedure C 1 Search Featu...

Страница 214: ... Temperature Compensation 7 32 Tutorial Infrared Spectroscopy 13 1 U Unit Selection for an Application 7 23 User Settings for an Application 7 22 V View Enable Configuring 7 18 W Wand and Filters Assembling 3 4 Warranty A 1 Waves Properties of 13 3 Z Zero Gas Filter Storage and Replacement 10 1 Zero Warning Configuring 7 17 Zeroing the Analyzer 5 1 5 5 ...

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