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(2) Special

Samples

Note that the Bouguer-Beer law mentioned in Appendix “b”
is not applicable to the following special samples.

•

Fluorescing

sample

•

Significantly turbid sample

In measurement of a solid sample such as glass plate, the
energy of beam radiation undergoes a loss (r) due to
reflection on the surface of solid substance.    This case can
be expressed by (Equation 4).    “r” varies depending on the
reflectance of substance.

r

I

I

c

t

−

=

⋅

⋅

−

l

ε

10

0

.........(Equation 4)

APPENDIX - 7

«
...
328
329
330

Summary of Contents for U-5100

Page 1: ... Please read through this manual carefully and keep it in a safe place Before using the instrument read the safety instructions and precautions carefully Keep this manual in a safe place nearby so it can be referred to whenever needed HITACHI ...

Page 2: ... FOR MODEL U 5100 RATIO BEAM SPECTROPHOTOMETER Hitachi High Technologies Corporation Copyright C Hitachi High Technologies Corporation 2010 1st Edition 2010 All rights reserved Printed in Japan Part No 3J2 9001 HT F H LT ...

Page 3: ... use not described in this manual Utmost care must be exercised when using the instrument 4 This document does not provide any warranty or permission for industrial properties or any rights to grant license lawfully and without infringement Be sure to read through and understand the following points with regard to this manual 1 Information contained in this document is subject to change without no...

Page 4: ...onsequences adverse to safety Note that it is allowed only for persons having a basic knowledge of chemical analysis procedures to use this instrument Please read this instrument manual carefully before attempting operation and acquaint yourself with this instrument for its correct use ABOUT THIS MANUAL This instruction manual has been prepared for the user of Model U 5100 Ratio Beam Spectrophotom...

Page 5: ...n establishments directly connected to a low voltage power supply network which supplies buildings used for domestic purpose And this instrument is also designed to comply with table 1 Basic immunity test requirements in the above European Norms If the instrument is used near an intense electromagnetic source however interfering noise may be given to the instrument to cause an adverse effect on it...

Page 6: ...ction systems available Information on Disposal for Users 1 In the European Union If you need to discard this product or discard user serviceable parts Please contact your local sales representative or distributor who will inform you of the recycle of the product You might be charged for the costs arising from take back and recycling 2 In other Countries outside the EU If you wish to discard this ...

Page 7: ...ed or replaced without charge A substitute part may be used for repair or replacement with an equivalent product may be made instead of repair Such system components as a personal computer and printer to be updated frequently for improvement may not be available in original versions at the time of replacement The manufacturer assumes no liability for any damage to data or application software due ...

Page 8: ...r deterioration of the optical elements due to highly corrosive atmospheric gas e Failure due to use of software hardware or spare parts not supplied by the manufacturer f Failure due to use not described in the manual or improper repair not approved by the manufacturer g Failure due to maintenance or repair by other than service engineer qualified by the manufacturer h Failure due to relocation o...

Page 9: ...FACTURER MAKES NO WARRANTIES EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THEREOF WARRANTIES AS TO MARKETABILITY MERCHANTABILITY FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT IN NO EVENT SHALL THE MANUFACTURER BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY NATURE OR LOSSES OR EXPENSES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECTIVE PROD...

Page 10: ...of our sales representative b For service after the warranty period consult our sales representative or service office of our sales representative with regard to a maintenance and inspection service contract c The maintenance parts and consumables of the instrument will be provided for 10 years after its delivery If a part or unit is unavailable due to the discontinuance of its manufacture a subst...

Page 11: ...ce of main unit manufacture etc If the instrument becomes faulty it might be irreparable due to lack of such components In this case please stop using the instrument Technical Seminars and Training Courses for Users We offer technical seminars and training courses at either our or user s facilities to ensure proper and safe operation of the analytical instrument to its full performance For further...

Page 12: ...he instrument is used beyond the useful service life Other Precautions 1 Handling of Chemicals and Samples 1 The user is responsible for following relevant legal standards and regulations in handling storage and disposal of chemicals and samples used in analytical operations with this instrument 2 Reagents standard solutions and accuracy control samples shall be handled stored and discarded as ins...

Page 13: ...bserve all the safety messages following this symbol DANGER Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which if not avoided will result in death or serious injury WARNING Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which if not avoided can result in death or serious injury CAUTION Indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided can result in minor or moderate injury NOTICE Indicates a hazard...

Page 14: ...ucted in the manual for proper application of the product Absolutely avoid modifying the product using non specified parts or removing safety devices as it could be hazardous Do not perform any operation or action other than described in the manual On occurrence of any trouble in the instrument notify your nearest Hitachi High Technologies Corporation sales representative or service office of Hita...

Page 15: ...tallation Maintenance and Relocation At the time of delivery installation of the instrument shall be carried out by or under supervision of qualified service personnel of the manufacturer or its authorized service agent for ensuring safety and high accuracy in operation of the instrument It is not permitted for the user to carry out installation After completion of installation check that all the ...

Page 16: ...ts that have been adjusted precisely If any warning caution label has become illegible due to deterioration with age or it has been damaged due to any cause notify your nearest Hitachi High Technologies Corporation sales representative or service office of Hitachi High Technologies Corporation sales representative for replacement with a new one Replace life limited parts of the instrument with new...

Page 17: ...se fatal or serious injury Before connecting the power cord make sure that the POWER switch of the spectrophotometer main unit is turned off Absolutely avoid modifying the product Sections 1 5 Electric Shock due to Improper Grounding To prevent an electric shock hazard provide proper grounding connection Sections 1 7 Electric Shock due to Contact with Inside of Instrument If you touch the internal...

Page 18: ... If you keep working with the display monitor and keyboard for long hours your eyes and body will be fatigued to jeopardize your health When working with the display monitor for a long time take a break for 10 to 15 minutes per hour for the health of your eyes and body Chapter 3 Heavy Instrument This instrument weight as much as 15 kg When carrying this instrument exercise care not to incur injury...

Page 19: ...f a Lithium Battery This spectrophotometer uses a lithium battery to backup the data in the memory A lithium battery may burst should it be handled improperly Be sure not to charge and dissolve it or throw it to the fire under any circumstance It should be handled totally separate from ordinary wastes When the lithium battery needs to be replaced for example when an error message RAM NG is display...

Page 20: ...hotometer main unit and cause a malfunction as well Be sure to prepare a grounding wire together with power cables and confirm that the wire has a ground resistance of 100 Ω or less Class D grounding construction in Electric Facility Technical Standards Insufficient grounding may make the instrument susceptible to noise from the exterior and cause a stray voltage to appear in the main unit which w...

Page 21: ... Installation Maintenance and Relocation SAFETY 3 Safety Instructions in This Manual SAFETY 5 DANGER Indications SAFETY 5 WARNING Indications SAFETY 5 Electric Shock due to Contact with Dangerous High Voltage 100 V SAFETY 5 Electric Shock due to Improper Grounding SAFETY 5 Electric Shock due to Contact with Inside of Instrument SAFETY 5 CAUTION Indications SAFETY 6 Injury due to Gazing Directly at...

Page 22: ...n of Each Part 2 1 2 2 1 Names and Functions of Parts of Spectrophotometer Main Unit 2 1 2 2 2 Inside View of Sample Compartment 2 4 2 3 Startup and Shutdown of Instrument 2 6 2 3 1 Startup of Instrument 2 6 2 3 2 Shutdown of Instrument 2 8 2 4 Basic Operation 2 9 2 4 1 Operation Panel 2 9 2 4 2 Basic Operation of Screen 2 12 2 4 3 How to Input Characters 2 15 2 4 4 How to Set Cell 2 17 2 4 5 Demo...

Page 23: ...oading the Saved Data 4 1 4 1 2 Deleting the Saved Data 4 4 4 1 3 Printing the List of Saved Data 4 7 4 1 4 Photometry Based on Saved Calibration Curve Data 4 10 4 2 Loading and Deleting the Saved Method 4 14 4 2 1 Measurement via Loading of Saved Method 4 14 4 2 2 Deletion of Saved Method 4 17 4 2 3 Printing the List of Saved Methods 4 20 4 3 Data Processing 4 23 4 3 1 Scale Change of Calibration...

Page 24: ...aseline Flatness 5 13 5 1 5 Baseline Stability 5 16 5 1 6 Hardware Check 5 19 5 1 7 Report Printing 5 21 5 1 8 Auto Check 5 22 5 2 Check with Pen Type Low Pressure Mercury Lamp Available at Option 5 24 5 2 1 Wavelength Accuracy with Hg Lamp 5 26 5 2 2 Wavelength Repeatability with Hg Lamp 5 28 5 2 3 Resolution 5 30 5 2 4 Report Printing 5 32 5 3 Wavelength Calibration 5 33 5 3 1 Wavelength Calibra...

Page 25: ...APPENDIX APPENDIX 1 Appendix a Operating Principles of Model U 5100 APPENDIX 1 Appendix b Absorption Spectrophotometry APPENDIX 4 Appendix c Proper Use of Spectrophotometer APPENDIX 5 v ...

Page 26: ... user 1 1 Unpacking Unpack the shipping crate carefully take out the spectrophotometer and place it on a sturdy table or desk Take utmost care when taking out the instrument CAUTION Caution on Carrying Heavy Instrument This instrument weighs about 13 kg There is a danger of personal injury if you accidentally drop it When carrying the instrument carefully handle it and securely hold it at both sid...

Page 27: ...uency 50 or 60 Hz Frequency variation shall be within 0 5 Hz of the rated frequency Power capacity 100 VA or more Ground line Grounding resistance 100 Ω or less 1 2 2 Installation Space Floor area 400 mm W 470 mm D or more Provide a space of at least 200 mm at the front and rear of the main unit Select a level installation position capable of withstanding a load of 30 kg and at a height of 300 mm ...

Page 28: ...e and thinner which may dissolve paint 1 3 4 Other General Precautions 1 The instrument should not be exposed to direct sunlight which may deteriorate the optical performance or discolor the housing Avoid a position near a window 2 Sensible vibration or shock should not be applied to the instrument otherwise the fine adjustment or mechanism might get out of order 3 There should be no heat source s...

Page 29: ...ce 7 Avoid frequently turning on off the electric motor not provided with a noise suppressor of a stirrer vibrator etc on the power line connected with the spectrophotometer main unit NOTICE The optical system in the spectrophotometer is very delicate And the control unit incorporates parts constructing a high density electronic circuit which functions as a computer So careful consideration should...

Page 30: ...fore connecting the power cord make sure that the power switch of the spectrophotometer main unit is turned off Also absolutely avoid disassembling or modifying the instrument Check that the power line voltage to be applied meets the operating voltage requirement of the spectrophotometer which is indicated near its power connector Fuse holder Fig 1 2 Power Connector Section at Instrument Rear Refe...

Page 31: ...the power cord make sure that the power switch of the spectrophotometer main unit is turned off To AC power supply Printer cable Printer Printer Model U 5100 Spectrophotometer Power cable Fig 1 3 Connection of Cords for independent operation of instrument NOTE Separately prepare a printer having 1 and 2 given below 1 Centronics cable 2 Any of the following printer languages commands Printer Langua...

Page 32: ...an electric shock hazard Be sure to provide proper grounding connection To power outlet Grounding resistance 100 Ω or less Ground terminal Ground wire green Underground 75 cm or more underground Copper plate Class D grounding installation of electric facility technical standards Power cord E910014 or E910001 Spectrophotometer 300 mm 2 mm 10 mm HOT S COMMON W COMMON White GROUND Fig 1 4 Grounding C...

Page 33: ...t The instrument can thus save a larger amount of electric power than the spectrophotometer with a continuous light source Also the instrument is standard equipped with the automatically turning 6 cell measurement function thus permitting quantitative analysis through simple operation 2 2 Name and Function of Each Part 2 2 1 Names and Functions of Parts of Spectrophotometer Main Unit Data display ...

Page 34: ...mpartment In this compartment set a sample to be measured 4 Power switch Used to turn on off the power supply 5 Remote selector switch 6 Printer output connector 7 LCD brightness control Fig 2 2 Left Side View of Spectrophotometer 5 LOCAL REMOTE selector switch Set this switch to the LOCAL side 6 Printer output connector Connect the printer cable to this connector 7 LCD brightness control Used to ...

Page 35: ...eter 8 Light source cover Opened closed only when mounting the pen shaped low pressure mercury lamp optionally available For how to mount the pen shaped low pressure mercury lamp refer to its instruction manual 9 Drain Fig 2 4 Bottom View of Spectrophotometer 2 3 ...

Page 36: ...ough this drain If you accidentally spill liquid in the sample compartment then carry out cleaning according to section 6 2 2 2 2 Inside View of Sample Compartment An inside view of the sample compartment plus the 6 cell holder and drain are described below 6 cell holder Drain Fig 2 5 Inside of Sample Compartment Designation of cell position Fig 2 6 Top View of 6 cell Holder 2 4 ...

Page 37: ...osition hereafter referred to as cell A The cell positions inscribed with 1 to 5 are used for sample measurement hereafter referred to as cell 1 cell 2 and cell 5 Drain Tube for draining liquid accidentally spilt in the sample compartment The spilt liquid is discharged to the bottom of the instrument through this drain If you accidentally spill liquid in the sample compartment then carry out clean...

Page 38: ...d power outlet 4 Check that no sample is set in the sample compartment If any sample is set take it out of the sample compartment 5 Close the cover of the sample compartment 6 Press the power switch on the front of the instrument 2 Display of Initialization Screen 1 The initialization screen Fig 2 7 appears on the display panel of the instrument Initializing HITACHI U 5100 Spectrophotometer P N 3J...

Page 39: ...n percentage A value of 100 is a standard for service life If 100 is exceeded then execute performance check with reference to section 5 1 and make sure that the performance is within the scope of the specifications If outside the scope of specifications contact the dealer from whom you purchased the instrument or your nearest maintenance service office WL Initialize Check of wavelength drive syst...

Page 40: ...nt is in progress wait until it is terminated or press the STOP key When monitor display is provided press the RETURN key 3 Save or print out data if desired For details of save and print operations refer to Section 3 2 Power off the Instrument Press the power switch on the front of the instrument to turn off power Check that the power switch lamp is extinguished NOTICE Avoid turning off the power...

Page 41: ...SCREEN Determines the current measuring conditions and changes the currently displayed screen to the measurement screen 3 AUTO ZERO Adjusts the photometric value to 0 Abs in ABS mode and to 100 T in T mode 4 SHIFT By holding down this key and pressing another one you can execute a different command 1 Enters 1 On the character input screen the following characters are entered Alphabet input _ 1 Num...

Page 42: ...ngth by entering a wavelength in a range of 190 0 to 1100 0 in steps of 0 1 nm Input value _ WL nm 190 0 1100 0nm 7 PRINT Used for printing out data Pressing this key after measurement prints out a report When it is pressed with the monitor screen displayed the current wavelength and photometric value are printed out If pressed with the data read by the cursor displayed the cursor data is printed ...

Page 43: ...racters are entered Alphabet input 6 Numeric input m n o M N O 6 SHIFT 7 On the character input screen the following characters are entered Alphabet input 7 Numeric input p q r s P Q R S 7 SHIFT 8 On the character input screen the following characters are entered Alphabet input 8 Numeric input t u v T U V 8 SHIFT 9 On the character input screen the following characters are entered Alphabet input 9...

Page 44: ... 2 3 1 The Main Menu screen will appear 1 Screen title Title of the currently displayed screen 2 Menu Selectable menu items are indicated 3 Cursor Indicates the currently selected item The cursor can be moved up and down by pressing the and keys Move the cursor to the aimed at item and press the ENTER key and you can access to its details 4 Operational guidance Main Menu 1 Screen title CELL A 5 Gu...

Page 45: ...ionally available is used indication varies with the accessory For details refer to Tables 2 3 and 2 4 Table 2 3 Guidance on Cell Position in Use of 6 cell Holder Guidance on Cell Position Status of 6 cell Holder CELL A Indicated when Autozero on the 6 cell holder is at the measurement position CELL 1 Indicated when 1 on the 6 cell holder is at the measurement position CELL 2 Indicated when 2 on t...

Page 46: ...ain Menu screen Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Data Mode CONC 2 Sample No of WL 1 3 Curve WL1 nm 600 0 4 Curve Data Delay s 0 5 6 Cell 6 System 7 Print 8 Save Method 9 Meas Screen Select function _ Fig 2 10 Measuring Condition Setting Screen Two methods are available for the setting of measuring conditions Select either of them from the perspective of your ease of use or use them in combination 1 ...

Page 47: ... concentration unit a Character Input Screen Character input is done when entering the file name sample name and concentration unit On each input screen the guidance shown in Fig 2 11 appears For the file name you can input up to 20 characters and up to 8 characters for the sample name and concentration unit File Name File Name Max 20 characters ABC W X 1 1 File name input screen Input character _...

Page 48: ...in alphabet input mode Example When you hold down the SHIFT key and press the 5 key in alphabet input mode 5 is entered When you hold down the SHIFT key and press the 5 key in numeric input mode j is entered c Character Transition in Alphabet Input Mode In alphabet input mode the character entered is changed over as follows by pressing the key repeatedly Small letters of alphabet assigned to each ...

Page 49: ... P N Measurable Sample Volume 10 mm quartz cell optionally available 123 1004 1 7 to 3 5 mL 10 mm glass cell optionally available 123 1010 1 7 to 3 5 mL b Setting of Cell The cell has transparent and frosted faces It should be held by the frosted faces If held by the transparent faces its measurement face will be contaminated with fingerprints thus causing an error in measurement Frosted face Hold...

Page 50: ...So set each cell so that its transparent face is matched with the triangular mark The beam passes through the face matched with the triangular mark Fig 2 13 External View of 6 cell Holder c Other Cells In addition to the above mentioned cell you can use a micro cell sample volume 340 to 600 µL by utilizing the optionally available single cell holder and micro cell mask You can also use a cell whos...

Page 51: ...or demounting and remounting the holder a Procedure for Demounting 6 cell Holder 1 Loosen the hand screw at the center of the 6 cell holder until being turned freely Hand screw 6 cell holder Fig 2 14 Preparation for Demounting of 6 cell Holder 2 Hold the 6 cell holder by the top and vertically pull it out of the sample compartment 6 cell holder Fig 2 15 Demounting of 6 cell Holder 2 19 ...

Page 52: ...unting 6 cell Holder Given below is the procedure for remounting the 6 cell holder demounted 1 Open the sample compartment Check the 6 cell holder driving shaft in the sample compartment The shaft has a notched portion concave portion Let us refer to this portion as A Drive shaft in sample compartment Notched portion A Top view of drive shaft Fig 2 17 Drive Shaft in Sample Compartment 2 20 ...

Page 53: ... convex portion for alignment fits into the notched portion of the drive shaft in the sample compartment Then fit the 6 cell holder to the drive shaft Screw cramp section Fig 2 18 Back Side View of 6 cell Holder 3 Fix the 6 cell holder by tightening the hand screw at the center The 6 cell holder has now been remounted Fig 2 19 Fixing of 6 cell Holder Portion for alignment B Screw Screw clamp secti...

Page 54: ...Also avoid opening the sample compartment cover during measurement Otherwise abnormal measured values may be obtained NOTICE The main unit has a function of saving the measured data or measuring conditions However the saved data may be erased if the lithium battery for memory backup dies or deteriorates It is recommended to keep the backup copy of valuable data on paper etc without fail 2 22 ...

Page 55: ...System Setup with the or key and press the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 2 20 Main Menu Screen 3 System Setup Screen The System Setup screen Fig 2 21 appears To select Date and Time press the 3 key Date and Time and then ENTER key Or select Date and Time with the or key and p...

Page 56: ...ng Screen Table 2 6 Date and Time Setting Parameters Setting Item Description Format Select a display format for the date 1 Y M D Displays the date in year month day format 2 M D Y Displays the date in month day year format 3 D M Y Displays the data in day month year format Year Enter the current year Settable in a range of 2008 to 2099 Month Enter the current month Input range 1 to 12 Day Enter t...

Page 57: ...TER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 2 23 Main Menu Screen 3 System Setup Screen The System Setup screen Fig 2 24 appears To select Printer Setup press the 4 key Printer Setup and then ENTER key Or select Printer Setup with the or key and press the ENTER key System Setup CELL A 1 WL C...

Page 58: ...ting Item Description Type Select the type of printer language 1 DPU Selected when the printer having DPU commands is connected 2 PCL3 Selected when the printer having PCL 3 commands is connected 3 ESC P Cut Selected when connecting the printer having ESC P V2 commands and using cut sheets 4 ESC P Cont Selected when connecting the printer having ESC P V2 commands and using continuous forms If the ...

Page 59: ...ent according to section 2 3 1 2 Main Menu Screen The Main Menu screen Fig 2 26 appears To select System Setup press the 6 key System Setup and then ENTER key Or select System Setup with the or key and press the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 2 26 Main Menu Screen 3 System Set...

Page 60: ... CELL A 1 WL CALIB Lamp OFF 5 min 2 Lamp Usage 3 Date and Time 4 Printer Setup 5 6 Cell Mode 6 Auto Lamp OFF 7 Language Select function _ 1 5 min 2 15 min 3 30 min Fig 2 28 Auto Lamp OFF Time Setting Screen Table 2 8 Auto Lamp OFF Setting Parameter Setting Item Description Lamp OFF You can set the time for automatically turning off the lamp when the enlarged display screen monitor is active It is ...

Page 61: ...6 cell Mode Cell Holder 6 cell Mode 6 cell holder ON Single cell holder optionally available OFF Rectangular long path cell holder optionally available OFF 1 Startup of Instrument Start the instrument according to section 2 3 1 2 Main Menu Screen The Main Menu screen Fig 2 29 appears To select System Setup press the 6 key System Setup and then ENTER key Or select System Setup with the or key and p...

Page 62: ...ode 1 The 6 cell mode setting screen Fig 2 31 appears Select the item indicated and make your entry For details refer to Table 2 10 System Setup CELL A 1 WL CALIB Mode ON 2 Lamp Usage 3 Date and Time 4 Printer Setup 5 6 Cell Mode 6 Auto Lamp OFF 7 Language Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF Fig 2 31 6 Cell Mode Setting Screen Table 2 10 6 Cell Mode Setting Item Setting Item Description Mode Select wheth...

Page 63: ... following procedure 1 Startup of Instrument Start the instrument according to section 2 3 1 2 Main Menu Screen The Main Menu screen Fig 2 32 appears To select System Setup press the 6 key System Setup and then ENTER key Or select System Setup with the or key and press the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Di...

Page 64: ... WL CALIB Language English 2 Lamp Usage 3 Date and Time 4 Printer Setup 5 6 Cell Mode 6 Auto Lamp OFF 7 Language Select function _ 1 English 2 日本語 Fig 2 34 Language Selection Screen Table 2 11 Language Setting Item Setting Item Description Language Select a language to be displayed by the instrument 1 English Sets English display 2 日本語 Sets Japanese display 2 After completion of setting a guide me...

Page 65: ... and 320 nm and calculate the absorbance ratio A260 A280 or A260 A230 for DNA purity check Automatic continuous measurement section 3 2 3 Sample by sample measurement section 3 3 3 Measurement of Spectrum This product can measure the absorption spectrum or transmission spectrum of a sample Measurement after automatic baseline Correction section 3 2 4 Sample by sample measurement section 3 3 4 Meas...

Page 66: ...position of cell A Determination of Solution Concentration section 3 2 1 Generation of calibration curve and determination of unknown sample concentration section 3 2 1 Determination of unknown sample concentration by entered calibration curve factor section 3 2 1 Determination of unknown sample concentration from saved calibration curve section 4 1 4 Measurement of Absorbance Transmittance sectio...

Page 67: ...tartup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 1 Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen Fig 3 1 will appear To set each condition for quantitative calculation press the 1 key Photometry and then ENTER key Or select Photometry with the or key and press the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan...

Page 68: ...ears To select concentration measurement CONC in Data Mode press the 1 key CONC and then ENTER key After that with the or key set the number of wavelengths No of WL wavelength WL and initial delay Delay For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 1 and Explanation 3 1 Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Data Mode CONC 2 Sample No of WL 1 3 Curve WL1 nm 600 0 4 Curve Data Delay s 0 5 6 Cell 6 System ...

Page 69: ...WL1 When 2 is set for No of WL For WL1 enter a wavelength at which background absorption is obtained For WL2 enter a wavelength at which absorption deriving from the target substance for quantitative determination is obtained In so doing it is required that WL1 WL2 When 3 is set for No of WL For WL1 and WL3 enter a wavelength at which background absorption is obtained For WL3 enter a wavelength at...

Page 70: ... below replacing the obtained absorbance values with A 2 and A 1 A calibration curve is generated from the value thus calculated and the concentration of an unknown sample is determined A A 2 A 1 3 Effective When a sample is turbid or the background is not flat Absorbance A is calculated by the equation given below replacing the absorbance values at 3 wavelengths with A 1 A 2 and A 3 A calibration...

Page 71: ... Sample Sample ID 1 3 Curve Statistics OFF 4 Curve Data 5 6 Cell 6 System 7 Print 8 Save Method 9 Meas Screen Input character _ Sample Name Max 8 characters ABC Fig 3 4 Sample Condition Sample Screen 3 To enter select the sample conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 2 4 After setting the sample name S...

Page 72: ...on is carried out 2 OFF Statistical calculation is not carried out In statistical calculation the mean value MEAN standard deviation SD and relative standard deviation RSD are calculated according to the equations given below for the quantitative values of samples This calculation is carried out for every number of calculations N set by the following parameter Mean value N Number of calculations S...

Page 73: ...T 0 000 6 System Unit Label mg l 7 Print 8 Save Method 9 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 1st Order 2 Factor Fig 3 5 Calibration Curve Condition Curve Screen 3 To enter select the calibration curve conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item by pressing the or key and make your setting For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 3 4 After setting the calibration curve type Curve Type thro...

Page 74: ...ined based on its factor This method is used for determining the concentration according to the literature or calibration curve data measured with other instrument or for calculating the concentration by using the molar absorption coefficient or ratio absorbance to multiply the absorbance by factor Calculation formula When ABS f CONC is selected for Curve calibration curve formula on System screen...

Page 75: ...for Thru Zero Upper LMT If the result of quantitative determination is larger than the set value HI is printed at the side of the result This indication is used for readily checking if the result is within the normal concentration range This parameter is settable in a range of 0 to 9999 Lower LMT If the result of quantitative determination is smaller than the set value LO is printed at the side of...

Page 76: ...ned standard absorbance n Number of standards 5 Setting of Calibration Curve Data 1 To set the calibration curve data press the 4 key Curve Data and then ENTER key Or select Curve Data with the or key and press the ENTER key or key When Curve Curve Type 1st Order is selected 2 The calibration curve data Curve Data screen Curve Type 1st Order Fig 3 6 appears 2 1 n n n X Y X A 2 2 2 2 2 1 0 n n n n ...

Page 77: ...calibration curve condition Curve screen The concentration can be entered in a range of 0 000 to 9999 When Curve Curve Type Factor is selected 2 The calibration curve data Curve Data screen Curve Type Factor Fig 3 7 appears Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM A0 0 0000 2 Sample A1 1 0000 3 Curve 4 Curve Data 5 System 6 Print 7 Save Method 8 6 Cell 9 Meas Screen Input value A0 99999 0 0000 Fig 3 7 Calib...

Page 78: ...ength of cell is L cm and the concentration is C µM Absorbance εCL 1000 For determining concentration C enter A1 1000 εL and A0 0 Use of ratio absorbance When the molar absorption coefficient is E1 1cm the optical path length of cell is L cm and the concentration is C mg L Absorbance E1 1cmCL 10000 For determining concentration C enter A1 E1 1cmL 10000 and A0 0 When the molar absorption coefficien...

Page 79: ... and number of samples No of Sample return to the Photometry screen by pressing the RETURN key or key Table 3 5 6 Cell Setting Parameters Setting Item Description 6 Cell Mode Specify a 6 cell operation mode for measurement 1 Auto In this mode a sample is set at each position of the 6 cell holder beforehand and the holder is automatically turned to automatically perform from auto zero to standard s...

Page 80: ...lly select 2 OFF set for Thru Zero in Table 3 3 For details of setting refer to Explanation 3 3 and Explanation 3 4 SAMP Autozero You can select a sample for auto zero in sample measurement or specify avoidance of automatic execution of auto zero 1 ON Selected when the auto zero sample in sample measurement is the same as the one in standard measurement Auto zero is automatically carried out 2 Sam...

Page 81: ...f STD1 to STD3 are measured thereby generating a calibration curve And for sample quantitation the concentration of the sample is determined using the absorbance after exclusion of cell and solvent When the absorption other than those due to cell and solvent derives from the analyte alone the determined concentration equals the concentration of the analyte as illustrated at 4 in the above figure F...

Page 82: ...of sample measurement or subtract the quantitative value of the blank test solution from that of the sample in order to subtract the absorbance of the interfering substance from that of the sample For quantitation of the sample with 6 Cell Mode set to Auto and subtraction by auto zero the STD Autozero SAMP Autozero and Thru Zero are set to STD1 SAMP BLK and ON respectively Refer to the measurement...

Page 83: ...STD Autozero SAMP Autozero and Thru Zero are set to STD1 ON or OFF and ON respectively Refer to the measurement parameters in D of the following table Also when the absorbance of the solution at 1 in the above figure is unstable with time the solution is not suited for auto zero operation Therefore it is recommended to carry out auto zero with the blank sample In this case STD Autozero SAMP Autoze...

Page 84: ...st solution from that of the sample in order to subtract the absorbance of the interfering substance from that of the sample For quantitation of the sample with 6 Cell Mode set to Auto and subtraction by auto zero the STD Autozero SAMP Autozero and Thru Zero are set to STD1 Sample Blank and ON respectively Refer to the measurement parameters in F of the following table Setting of Each Measurement ...

Page 85: ...een Table 3 6 System Setting Parameter Setting Item Description Curve Select a format for the calibration curve formula between the following two 1 ABS f CONC The calibration curve formula is expressed in the format of Absorbance A1 Concentration A0 This format is normally used 2 CONC f ABS The calibration curve formula is expressed in the format of Concentration A1 Absorbance A0 This format is us...

Page 86: ...hotometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Print Date ON 2 Sample Run Date ON 3 Curve Method ON 4 Curve Data Curve ON 5 6 Cell STD ON 6 System Sample ON 7 Print 8 Save Method 9 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF Fig 3 10 Printing Condition Print Screen 3 To select the printing conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting according to the guidance For details of...

Page 87: ...nalysis date is not printed 2 Method 1 ON Measuring conditions are printed 2 OFF Measuring conditions are not printed 3 Curve 1 ON Calibration curve is printed 2 OFF Calibration curve is not printed 4 STD 1 ON Results of standard measurement are printed 2 OFF Results of standard measurement are not printed 5 Sample 1 ON Results of sample measurement are printed 2 OFF Results of sample measurement ...

Page 88: ... 010 0 000 0 060 0 065 STD3 0 033 0 040 0 000 0 053 0 058 STD4 0 086 0 100 0 004 1 538 1 663 STD5 0 169 0 200 0 004 1 498 1 621 STD6 0 413 0 500 0 000 0 189 0 205 STD7 0 659 0 800 0 002 0 689 0 745 Curve Type 1st Order Curve ABS f CONC Thru Zero ON Lower LMT 0 000 Upper LMT 0 800 Curve Factor A0 0 0000 A1 0 8261 Factor Correlation Coef R 1 0000 Determination Coef R2 0 9999 Sample ID ABS CONC mg l ...

Page 89: ...Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 File Name _ File Name Max 20 characters ABC W X 1 1 Fig 3 12 Measuring Condition Saving Save Method Screen with saved data 3 When other measuring conditions are saved in advance a list of saved measuring conditions appears on the main menu At this time the file name measurement mode PHT Photometry WLS Wavelength Scan TMS Time Scan and...

Page 90: ...ed the following message appears No of files is full In this case delete files referring to section 4 2 2 and retry saving The method for which auto start for details refer to section 4 5 is set is preceded by 5 Return to the Photometry screen by pressing the RETURN key 10 Measurement of Standard Solutions GUIDE When 2 Factor is selected for Curve Type in step 4 standard solution measurement is no...

Page 91: ...ment measures standards in the sequence shown in Table 3 9 When Blank is set for STD Autozero set the cells as shown in Table 3 10 The instrument measures standards in the sequence shown in Table 3 11 Measurement is carried out for every 5 standards until the number set in No of STD is reached Table 3 8 How to Set Cells with STD Selected for STD Autozero Cell A Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4 Cell 5 1...

Page 92: ...ent 7 Cell A Auto zero 5 8 Cell 4 STD4 measurement 9 Cell A Auto zero 6 10 Cell 5 STD5 measurement Setting of standards 2nd round 7 11 Cell A Auto zero 8 12 Cell 1 STD6 measurement 13 Cell A Auto zero 9 14 Cell 2 STD7 measurement Repeated until the specified number of standards are all measured Table 3 10 How to Set Cells with Blank Selected for STD Autozero Cell A Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4 Cell...

Page 93: ...of standards 2nd round 7 11 Cell A Auto zero 8 12 Cell 1 STD6 measurement 13 Cell A Auto zero 9 14 Cell 2 STD7 measurement Repeated until the specified number of standards are all measured 3 Upon completion of setting press the START key Measurement will then start 4 During measurement the screen shown in Fig 3 14 is displayed Photometry 600 0nm 0 099ABS CELL A ID ABS CONC STD1 0 001 0 000 STD2 10...

Page 94: ...30 00 STD5 0 405 40 00 START Continue Select function _ 1 Curve Confirmation 2 Remeasure Fig 3 15 Example of Display after 1st round Standard Measurement Table 3 12 Guidance during Standard Measurement Setting Item Description 1 Curve Confirmation You can generate a calibration curve with the standards measured before now and confirm it Photometry Curve CELL A R 0 9999 R2 0 9999 Select function _ ...

Page 95: ...TD7 0 602 60 00 STD8 0 707 70 00 STD9 0 800 80 00 STD10 0 893 90 00 Select function _ 1 Sample Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print Fig 3 16 Guidance after Standard Measurement No of STD 10 Table 3 13 Guidance after Standard Measurement Setting Item Description 1 Sample Meas The system proceeds to sample measurement 2 Curve You can generate a calibration curve with the measured standards and confirm it Whe...

Page 96: ...data 3 Save You can save the measured standard data When this function is selected the following screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 Select function _ 1 Save 2 Sort W X 1 1 1 Save Allows you to save the result data under a new file name 2 Sort Allows you to rearrange the presently saved data in the order of file names or dates 4 Pri...

Page 97: ...me Set the corresponding sample to each cell If hyphen is indicated for the sample name avoid setting a sample in the relevant cell When ON is selected for SAMP Autozero set the samples as shown in Table 3 14 as shown in Table 3 15 when Sample Blank is selected and as shown in Table 3 16 when OFF is selected The instrument measures samples in the sequence shown in Table 3 17 When OFF is set for SA...

Page 98: ... check if execution of auto zero is necessary Photometry 600 0nm 0 001ABS CELL A Info Set autozero sample to Cell A AUTOZERO Execute Autozero CLEAR Cancel Auto zero execution screen 3 Press the AUTOZERO key Auto zero is executed and the sample setting screen reappears Fig 3 18 Manual Auto Zero with OFF Set for SAMP Autozero Upon completion of sample setting according to the guidance press the STAR...

Page 99: ...utozero Cell A Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4 Cell 5 1st round Sample blank Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 2nd round Sample blank Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 3rd round Sample blank Sample 11 Sample 12 Sample 13 Sample 14 Sample 15 4th round and subsequent Repeated until the specified number of samples are all measured Table 3 16 How to Set Cells with OFF Selected for S...

Page 100: ...urement 5 Cell A Auto zero 3 4 6 Cell 3 Sample 3 measurement 7 Cell A Auto zero 4 5 8 Cell 4 Sample 4 measurement 9 Cell A Auto zero 5 6 10 Cell 5 Sample 5 measurement Setting of samples 2nd round 7 11 Cell A Auto zero 6 8 12 Cell 1 Sample 6 measurement 13 Cell A Auto zero 7 9 14 Cell 2 Sample 7 measurement Repeated until the specified number of samples are all measured 2 During measurement the sc...

Page 101: ...tometry CELL A ID ABS CONC 1 0 001 0 000 2 0 101 10 01 3 0 410 40 90 4 0 300 30 00 5 0 205 20 50 START Continue Select function 1 Curve Confirmation 2 Remeasure Fig 3 20 Example of Display after 1st round Sample Measurement 4 When the specified number of samples have all been measured the screen shown in Fig 3 21 appears For the processing function assigned to each key refer to Table 3 18 Photomet...

Page 102: ... selected the guidance given below appears Enter the number of samples to be measured and press the ENTER key Input value No of Sample 1 140 Display with 10 samples measured 3 Remeasure Selected when remeasuring a measured sample When this function is selected the guidance given below appears Select a sample to be remeasured with the or key set the sample to cell 1 and press the START key to carry...

Page 103: ...ination coefficient of calibration curve 3 STD Indicate the result of standard solution measurement Also allows remeasurement of a standard solution deletion of a standard unnecessary for generating a calibration curve and retrieval of deleted data 3 Save You can save the measured data When this function is selected the following screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 ...

Page 104: ...escription 4 Print You can select items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For each item select whether to print out ON or OFF Photometry CELL A Print Print Date ON Run Date ON Method ON Curve ON STD ON Sample ON Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF ...

Page 105: ...pecify auto start refer to section 4 5 1 Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 1 Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen Fig 3 22 will appear 2 To set each condition for quantitative calculation press the 1 key Photometry and then ENTER key Or select Photometry with the or key and press the ENTER key Main M...

Page 106: ...h the or key and press the ENTER key or key 5 The measuring condition Meas PARAM screen Fig 3 24 appears Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Data Mode CONC 2 Sample No of WL 1 3 Curve WL1 nm 600 0 4 Curve Data Delay s 0 5 6 Cell 6 System 7 Print 8 Save Method 9 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 CONC 2 ABS 3 T 4 DNA Fig 3 24 Measuring Condition Meas PARAM Screen 6 For Data Mode press the 2 key ABS for abs...

Page 107: ... in a range of 1 to 6 WL1 nm to WL6 nm Enter a wavelength to be used for measurement This parameter is settable in a range of 190 0 to 1100 0 nm in steps of 0 1 nm Delay s After the START key is pressed the system waits for the time period set here and then starts measurement This parameter is settable in a range of 0 to 9999 sec in steps of 1 sec Set the parameter when you want to start measureme...

Page 108: ...ample Setting Parameters Setting Item Description Sample Name Up to 8 half size alphanumeric characters can be entered for the sample name The sample name entered here is printed in the sample name field on the report For the character input procedure refer to section 2 4 3 Sample ID Set the first number to be assigned for sample numbering This parameter is settable in a range of 1 to 9999 If 9999...

Page 109: ...ondition 6 Cell Screen 3 To set each item on the 6 cell condition 6 Cell screen press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting according to the guidance For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 21 4 After selecting entering the 6 cell mode 6 Cell Mode sample auto zero SAMP Autozero auto zero interval Autozero int and number of samples No of Sample return to the...

Page 110: ...trument drift baseline fluctuation during measurement auto zero can easily be executed by setting a solution for auto zero to cell A In normal usage set a standard or sample solution to cell 1 For details of the Manual mode refer to section 3 3 2 SAMP Autozero You can select an auto zero sample in sample measurement or specify avoidance of automatic execution of auto zero 1 ON Auto zero is automat...

Page 111: ...n Fig 3 27 appears Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Print Date ON 2 Sample Run Date ON 3 6 Cell Method ON 4 Print Sample ON 5 Save Method 6 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF Fig 3 27 Printing Condition Print Screen 3 To select the printing conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting according to the guidance For details of each parameter refer to T...

Page 112: ...e not printed 3 Sample 1 ON Results of sample measurement are printed 2 OFF Results of sample measurement are not printed 4 Report 2010 04 10 15 12 Sample Name File Name Run Date 2010 04 10 13 34 Operator Spectrophotometer Model U 5100 Spectrophotometer Serial No 1234 567 ROM VER 3J25300 Option Instrument Meas Mode Photometry Bandpass nm 5 0 Data Mode ABS 6 Cell Mode Auto No of WL 1 SAMP Autozero ...

Page 113: ... 500nm PHT 2010 10 10 2 Quality Check PHT 2010 03 30 3 ABS meas at 200nm PHT 2010 04 29 File Name _ File Name Max 20 characters W X 1 1 Fig 3 29 Measuring Condition Saving Save Method Screen 3 When other measuring conditions are saved in advance a list of saved measuring conditions appears on the main menu At this time the file name measurement mode PHT Photometry WLS Wavelength Scan TMS Time Scan...

Page 114: ...key Yes To avoid overwriting press the 2 key No and rename the file to be saved A total of 50 method files can be saved for all measurement modes If 50 files are already registered the following message appears No of files is full In this case delete files referring to section 4 2 2 and retry saving The method for which auto start for details refer to section 4 5 is set is preceded by 5 Return to ...

Page 115: ...L A Info Set samples to Cell No Cell A Blank Cell 1 Sample1 Cell 2 Sample2 Cell 3 Sample3 Cell 4 Sample4 Cell 5 Sample5 START Meas Fig 3 30 Sample Setting Screen On the screen displayed from the left are the cell number and sample name Set the corresponding sample to each cell If you do not know what sample should be set to cell A blank refer to Explanation 3 5 in absorbance measurement and Explan...

Page 116: ... the absorbance of only the substance A is measurable with 2 and a sum of the absorbance values due to substances A and B is measurable with 3 Auto Zero for Measuring Absorbance of Substance B For measuring the absorbance of only the substance B auto zero operation is carried out with sample 1 in cell 2 By this operation the absorbance of only the substance B in cell 3 can be measured Refer to Aut...

Page 117: ...Auto Zero with Transmittance of Cell and Solvent Set at 100 For transmittance measurement on assumption that the transmittance of sample 1 is 100 auto zero operation is carried out with this sample contained in cell A By this method the transmittance of sample 2 will be obtainable with respect to that of sample 1 The sample subjected to the auto zero operation is called a blank in absorbance trans...

Page 118: ...ple 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 2nd round Blank Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 3rd round Blank Sample 11 Sample 12 Sample 13 Sample 14 Sample 15 4th round and subsequent Repeated until the specified number of samples are all measured Table 3 24 How to Set Cells with OFF Selected for SAMP Autozero Cell A Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4 Cell 5 1st round Not set STD1 STD2 STD3 STD4 STD5 2nd round ...

Page 119: ...o zero 3 4 6 Cell 3 Sample 3 measurement 7 Cell A Auto zero 4 5 8 Cell 4 Sample 4 measurement 9 Cell A Auto zero 5 6 10 Cell 5 Sample 5 measurement Setting of samples 2nd round 7 11 Cell A Auto zero 6 8 12 Cell 1 Sample 6 measurement 13 Cell A Auto zero 7 9 14 Cell 2 Sample 7 measurement Repeated until the specified number of samples are all measured When OFF is set for SAMP Autozero auto zero can...

Page 120: ...le to cell A Photometry CELL A Info Set autozero sample to Cell A AUTOZERO Execute Autozero CLEAR Cancel Auto zero execution screen 3 Auto zero is executed and the sample setting screen reappears Fig 3 31 Manual Auto Zero with OFF set for SAMP Autozero Upon completion of sample setting according to the guidance press the START key Measurement will then start Measurement is carried out for every 5 ...

Page 121: ...appears after completion of 2nd 3rd round measurement Pressing the START key displays the next sample setting screen Set the next samples according to the guidance Pressing the 1 key Remeasure allows remeasurement of the previous sample Photometry CELL A ID ABS 1 0 001 2 0 101 3 0 410 4 0 300 5 0 205 START Continue Select function 1 Remeasure Fig 3 33 Example of Display after 1st round Sample Meas...

Page 122: ...y measuring samples with the same calibration curve 2 Continue Allows you to start measurement from the number following the previously measured sample When this function is selected the guidance given below appears Enter the number of samples to be measured and press the ENTER key Input value No of Sample 1 140 Display with 10 samples measured 3 Remeasure Selected when remeasuring a measured samp...

Page 123: ...Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 Select function _ 1 Save 2 Sort W X 1 1 1 Save Allows you to save data under a new file name 2 Sort Allows you to rearrange the currently saved data in the order of file names or dates Print You can select items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For each item select whether t...

Page 124: ...rt is specified the system automatically sets up the conditions and advances to the measurement screen phase of sequence after the power switch is turned on For how to specify auto start refer to section 4 5 1 Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 1 Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen Fig 3 35 will appe...

Page 125: ...7 appears Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Data Mode CONC 2 Sample No of WL 1 3 Curve WL1 nm 600 0 4 Curve Data Delay s 0 5 System 6 Print 7 Save Method 8 6 Cell 9 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 CONC 2 ABS 3 T 4 DNA Fig 3 37 Measuring Condition Meas PARAM Screen 6 For Data Mode press the 4 key DNA and then ENTER key to select DNA measurement 7 With the or key set the number of pairs of wavelengths ...

Page 126: ...0 Bkgd CORR Specify whether to perform background correction 1 ON Selected when subtracting background absorption 2 OFF Selected when not subtracting background absorption WL1 nm to WL4 nm Enter a wavelength to be used for measurement This parameter is settable in a range of 190 0 to 1100 0 nm in steps of 0 1 nm The following calculations are performed using the absorbance values at the set wavele...

Page 127: ... absorption has the minimum point near 230 nm and the maximum point near 260 nm The wavelength of maximum absorption varies with the base content and sequence in the nucleic acid It is known that the ratio of A260 A230 is approximately 1 8 with DNA and 2 0 with RNA Also because the coexisting protein have a maximum absorption point at 280 nm sample purity can be estimated by taking the ratio of A2...

Page 128: ...ength Absorption spectrum ON The background will be corrected This is effective when the background level is even along the wavelength axis The absorbance at the set correction wavelength will be subtracted from those at the measuring wavelengths Calculation is carried out according to the following equation Absorbance ratio A 1 A correction A 2 A correction WL2 WL1 Correction wavelength Wavelengt...

Page 129: ... ID 1 3 6 Cell Statistics OFF 4 Print 5 Save Method 6 Meas Screen Input character Sample Name Max 8 characters ABC Fig 3 38 Sample Condition Sample Screen 3 To enter select the sample conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 28 4 After setting the sample name Sample Name sample number Sample ID and stati...

Page 130: ...atistics For the sample absorbance ratio and absorbance difference the mean value MEAN standard deviation SD and relative standard deviation RSD are calculated according to the equations given below This calculation is carried out for every number of calculations N The number of calculations is set in the following setting item Mean value N Number of calculations Standard deviation N Number of cal...

Page 131: ... 6 Cell screen Fig 3 39 appears Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM 6 Cell Mode Auto 2 Sample SAMP Autozero ON 3 6 Cell Autozero int 5 4 Print No of Sample 1 5 Save Method 6 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 Auto 2 Manual Fig 3 39 6 cell Condition 6 Cell Screen 3 To set each item on the 6 cell condition 6 Cell screen press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting according ...

Page 132: ...trument drift baseline fluctuation during measurement auto zero can easily be executed by setting a solution for auto zero to cell A In normal usage set a standard or sample solution to cell 1 For details of the Manual mode refer to section 3 3 3 SAMP Autozero You can select an auto zero sample in sample measurement or specify avoidance of automatic execution of auto zero 1 ON Auto zero is automat...

Page 133: ...n Fig 3 40 appears Photometry CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Print Date ON 2 Sample Run Date ON 3 6 Cell Method ON 4 Print Sample ON 5 Save Method 6 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF Fig 3 40 Printing Condition Print Screen 3 To select the printing conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting according to the guidance For details of each parameter refer to T...

Page 134: ...rinted 4 Report 2010 04 10 15 12 Sample Name File Name Run Date 2010 04 10 13 34 Operator Spectrophotometer Model U 5100 Spectrophotometer Serial No 1234 567 ROM VER 3J25300 Option Instrument Meas Mode Photometry Bandpass nm 5 0 Data Mode DNA 6 Cell Mode Auto WL pair No 1 SAMP Autozero ON Bkgd CORR OFF Autozero int 5 WL1 nm 260 0 No of Sample 3 WL2 nm 280 0 Delay s 0 Sample ID WL1 nm WL2 nm ABS DI...

Page 135: ...B at 500nm PHT 2010 10 10 2 Quality Check PHT 2010 03 30 3 DNA meas PHT 2010 04 29 File Name _ File Name Max 20 characters W X 1 1 Fig 3 42 Measuring Condition Saving Save Method Screen 3 When other measuring conditions are saved in advance a list of saved measuring conditions appears on the main menu At this time the file name measurement mode PHT Photometry WLS Wavelength Scan TMS Time Scan and ...

Page 136: ...appears No of files is full In this case delete files referring to section 4 2 2 and retry saving The method for which auto start for details refer to section 4 5 is set is preceded by 5 Return to the Photometry screen by pressing the RETURN key 7 Measurement of Samples 1 To determine the measuring conditions set in the preceding steps press the 6 key Meas Screen and then ENTER key Or press the ME...

Page 137: ... round Blank Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 2nd round Blank Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 3rd round Blank Sample 11 Sample 12 Sample 13 Sample 14 Sample 15 4th round and subsequent Repeated until the specified number of samples are all measured Table 3 32 How to Set Cells with OFF Selected for SAMP Autozero Cell A Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4 Cell 5 1st round Not set S...

Page 138: ...measurement 5 Cell A Auto zero 3 4 6 Cell 3 Sample 3 measurement 7 Cell A Auto zero 4 5 8 Cell 4 Sample 4 measurement 9 Cell A Auto zero 5 6 10 Cell 5 Sample 5 measurement Setting of samples 2nd round 7 11 Cell A Auto zero 6 8 12 Cell 1 Sample 6 measurement 13 Cell A Auto zero 7 9 14 Cell 2 Sample 7 measurement Repeated until the specified number of samples are all measured When OFF is set for SAM...

Page 139: ... value is indicated so that you can check if execution of auto zero is necessary Photometry 600 0nm 0 001ABS CELL A Info Set autozero sample to Cell A AUTOZERO Execute Autozero CLEAR Cancel Auto zero execution screen Fig 3 44 Manual Auto Zero with OFF set for SAMP Autozero Upon completion of sample setting according to the guidance press the START key Measurement will then start Measurement is car...

Page 140: ...ent result screen also appears after completion of 2nd 3rd round measurement Pressing the START key displays the next sample setting screen Set the next samples according to the guidance Pressing the 1 key Remeasure allows remeasurement of the previous sample Photometry CELL A ID ABS 3 WL1 260 0nm 0 423 WL2 280 0nm 0 268 ABS DIFF 0 155 ABS Ratio 1 582 START Continue Select function 1 Remeasure Fig...

Page 141: ...measuring samples with the same calibration curve 2 Continue Allows you to start measurement from the number following the previously measured sample When this function is selected the guidance given below appears Enter the number of samples to be measured and press the ENTER key Input value No of Sample 1 140 Display with 10 samples measured 3 Remeasure Selected when remeasuring a measured sample...

Page 142: ...ng screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 Select function _ 1 Save 2 Sort W X 1 1 1 Save Allows you to save data under a new file name 2 Sort Allows you to rearrange the currently saved data in the order of file names or dates 3 Print You can select items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For e...

Page 143: ...This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 1 Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen Fig 3 48 will appear To set each condition for wavelength scan press the 2 key WL Scan and then ENTER key Or select WL Scan with the or key and press the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data ...

Page 144: ...Data Mode start wavelength Start WL end wavelength End WL scan speed Speed initial delay Delay Y axis upper limit Upper Scale and Y axis lower limit Lower Scale according to the guidance For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 35 After completion of setting return to the WL Scan screen by pressing the RETURN key or key WL Scan CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Data Mode ABS 2 Sample StartWL nm 600 0 3 6ｾ...

Page 145: ...e in the following range ABS 9 999 to 9 999 T 999 9 to 999 9 Lower Scale Enter a Y axis lower limit for the spectrum displayed during measurement This parameter is specifiable in the following range ABS 9 999 to 9 999 T 999 9 to 999 9 Scan Speed Set up a wavelength scanning speed The following 7 speeds are selectable 1 40 2 100 3 200 4 400 5 800 6 1200 7 2400 The data interval varies with the scan...

Page 146: ...gth range Whichever is longer is made effective In case of scanning at 400 nm min in a range of 600 to 400 nm for example the data interval is set to 2 nm when Normal is selected and to 1 nm when Fine is selected Scan speed and data interval Data Sampling Interval nm Scan Speed nm min Normal Fine 40 0 2 0 1 100 0 5 0 2 200 1 0 5 400 2 1 800 3 2 1200 5 3 2400 5 5 Data interval according to measurin...

Page 147: ...me Up to 8 half size alphanumeric characters can be entered for the sample name The sample name entered here is printed in the sample name field on the report For the character input procedure refer to section 2 4 3 4 Setting of 6 cell Conditions NOTE 6 Cell Mode is not indicated if OFF is specified for Mode on the 6 cell mode setting screen for use of the single cell holder or rectangular long pa...

Page 148: ...a 6 cell operation mode for measurement from the following 1 Auto By setting a baseline sample and unknown samples to the 6 cell holder it is possible to automatically turn the 6 cell holder and automatically measure one sample after baseline correction 2 Manual Baseline correction and sample measurement are performed manually It is required to manually move the cell and execute baseline correctio...

Page 149: ... wavelength Note that the noise level is high as compared with Medium and Slow 2 Medium Used for ordinary measurement 3 Slow Used to reduce a variation in photometric value This response speed is unsuitable for high resolution measurement as compared with Fast and Medium 3 After completion of response setting return to the WL Scan screen by pressing the RETURN key or key 6 Setting of Peak Detectio...

Page 150: ... are detected if the threshold level is reduced Conversely small peaks cannot be detected if the threshold level is increased As just described it is a threshold level that determines the detectability in the Y axis direction of a spectrum If the minimum difference in photometric value between the peak and valley peak valley difference shown in the following figure is larger than the threshold lev...

Page 151: ...ines the detectability in the X axis direction of a spectrum For detection of a sharp peak select sensitivity 1 For detection of a broad peak select sensitivity 8 The following 4 levels are selectable 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 8 For details refer to Explanation 3 9 3 After completion of calculation condition setting return to the WL Scan screen by pressing the RETURN or key ...

Page 152: ...o when a fall occurs N 2 times in succession followed by N 2 times succession of a rise it is judged that a valley is detected See Fig 2 Fig 1 Schematic Diagram of Peak Table 1 Rule on Rise or Fall Judgment Base point data D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 Data after N points D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 Rise fall judgment Rise Rise Rise Fall Fall Fall Sensitivity setting assigns a concrete number to N which represents th...

Page 153: ...e printing condition Print screen Fig 3 55 appears Make your setting according to the guidance For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 40 WL Scan CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Auto Print OFF 2 Sample Print Date ON 3 6 Cell Run Date ON 4 System Method ON 5 Peak PARAM Graph ON 6 Print Peak Table ON 7 Save Method Data List OFF 8 Meas Screen Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF Fig 3 55 Printing Condition Print ...

Page 154: ...s date is not printed 2 Method 1 ON Measuring conditions are printed 2 OFF Measuring conditions are not printed 3 Graph 1 ON Spectrum is printed 2 OFF Spectrum is not printed 4 Peak Table 1 ON Peak table is printed 2 OFF Peak table is not printed 5 Data List 1 OFF Numerical data of spectrum is not printed 2 All Data Numerical data of spectrum is all printed 3 Interval Numerical data of spectrum is...

Page 155: ... WL nm Peak WL nm Valley 1 542 5 0 650 Data List Int nm 1 0 No WL nm ABS No WL nm ABS No WL nm ABS 1 650 0 0 000 3 648 0 0 001 5 646 0 0 002 2 649 0 0 000 4 647 0 0 001 6 645 0 0 002 Fig 3 56 Example of Printout in WL Scan Mode 8 Saving of Measuring Conditions GUIDE When the set measuring conditions need not be saved proceed to step 9 1 To save the set measuring conditions press the 7 key Save Met...

Page 156: ...suring conditions to be saved enter a file name within 20 characters and press the ENTER key NOTE If a file of the same name as entered already exists in the same measurement mode the following guidance appears Already exists Overwrite it _ 1 Yes 2 No For overwriting press the 1 key Yes To avoid overwriting press the 2 key No and rename the file to be saved A total of 50 method files can be saved ...

Page 157: ...ng samples to cells 1 to 5 Upon completion of setting press the START key After baseline correction with cell A sample 1 will be measured WL Scan CELL A Info Set samples to Cell No Cell A Blank Cell 1 Sample1 Cell 2 Sample2 Cell 3 Sample3 Cell 4 Cell 5 START Meas Baseline and Sample1 _ Fig 3 58 Guidance on Sample Setting 10 Measurement of Sample Solutions 1 Upon completion of sample 1 measurement ...

Page 158: ...ption 1 Data You can perform each data processing When this function is selected the following guidance appears Select function _ 1 Trace 2 Peak 3 Smoothing 4 List For details of the function refer to section 4 3 1 Trace Allows you to read out all the measured data on the spectrum 2 Peak Displays the detected peak 3 Smoothing Allows you to perform spectrum smoothing 4 List Allows you to display th...

Page 159: ... can select items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For each item select whether to print out ON or OFF Photometry CELL A Print Print Date ON Run Date ON Method ON Graph ON Peak Table ON Data List ON Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF W X 1 1 5 Baseline You can execute baseline correction When this function is selected the following guidance appears Select FUNC ...

Page 160: ...as not yet been saved or printed select the 2 key No and perform the save or print operation Data will be deleted Continue 1 Yes 2 No Fig 3 60 Data Deletion Confirming Screen 3 Pressing the START key starts spectrum measurement After measurement you can execute the same operation as in 1 By repeating this operation it is possible to perform spectrum measurement for up to 5 samples START Meas Sampl...

Page 161: ...rement of solution concentration section3 3 1 Generation of calibration curve and determination of unknown sample concentration section 3 3 1 Determination of unknown sample concentration by entered calibration curve factor section 3 3 1 Determination of unknown sample concentration from saved calibration curve section 4 1 4 Measurement of absorbance transmittance section 3 3 2 Measurement of DNA ...

Page 162: ...of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 3 Setting of Sample Conditions 4 Setting of Calibration Curve Conditions 5 Setting of Calibration Curve Data For steps 2 to 5 refer to section 3 2 1 6 Setting of 6 cell Conditions NOTE 6 Cell Mode is not indicated if OFF is specified for Mode on the 6 cell mode setting screen for ...

Page 163: ...er Setting Item Description 6 Cell Mode Specify a 6 cell operation mode for measurement 1 Auto In this mode a sample is set at each position of the 6 cell holder beforehand and the holder is automatically turned to automatically perform from auto zero to standard sample measurement It is recommended to use this mode if you have 6 cells and there are many samples to be measured For details refer to...

Page 164: ...ting screen Fig 3 63 appears Set an auto zero sample to cell A The lamp is lit for 30 seconds and the current measured value is indicated so that you can check if execution of auto zero is necessary Upon completion of setting press the AUTOZERO key Auto zero will be executed at the position of cell A When avoiding auto zero press the CLEAR key to cancel auto zero NOTE For the first measurement und...

Page 165: ... and solvent derives from the analyte alone the determined concentration equals the concentration of the analyte as illustrated at 4 in the above figure Elements causing absorbance without using coloring reagent containing interfering substance In the case where a sample contains an interfering substance such as turbid or disturbing component as illustrated at 6 in the above figure the absorbance ...

Page 166: ...solvent and cell In the case where a sample contains an interfering substance such as turbid or disturbing component as illustrated at 6 in the above figure the absorbance due to the interfering substance will be added to the quantitative value of the analyte In this case it is necessary to carry out a blank test the same preparatory operation as for samples by use of pure water or the like and su...

Page 167: ...ric value at the cell position indicated on the screen is measured For carrying out auto zero frequently it is recommended to use cell 1 Cell 1 can move to the position of cell A in a short time thus ensuring smooth measurement When the guidance is displayed auto zero can be executed at the position of cell A by pressing the AUTOZERO key After execution of auto zero the system moves to the cell po...

Page 168: ...osition indicated on the screen cell 1 close the sample compartment cover and press the START key Photometry CELL 1 ID ABS CONC STD1 0 000 STD2 10 00 STD3 20 00 START Meas STD1 Fig 3 65 Standard Setting Screen 4 During measurement the screen shown in Fig 3 66 is displayed Photometry 600 0 nm 0 001 ABS CELL 1 ID ABS CONC STD1 0 000 STD2 10 00 STD3 20 00 Meas STD1 Fig 3 66 Screen Displayed during St...

Page 169: ...of display with 3 set for number of standards Fig 3 67 Screen after Standard Measurement Table 3 43 Guidance during Standard Measurement Setting Item Description 1 Curve Confirmation You can generate a calibration curve with the standards measured before now and confirm it Photometry Curve CELL 1 R 0 9999 R2 0 9999 Select function _ 1 Scale 2 Factor 3 STD 1 Scale Allows you to change the scale of ...

Page 170: ...mple Meas is pressed the system terminates standard measurement and proceeds to sample measurement Pressing the 2 key Curve or 3 key Save allows the processing shown in Table 3 44 Photometry CELL 1 ID ABS CONC STD1 0 001 0 000 STD2 0 102 10 00 STD3 0 205 20 00 Select function _ 1 Sample Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print Fig 3 68 Screen after Measurement of All Standards 3 106 ...

Page 171: ...determination coefficient of calibration curve 3 STD Indicates the result of standard solution measurement Also allows remeasurement of a standard solution deletion of standard data unnecessary for generation of a calibration curve or retrieval of deleted data 3 Save You can save the measured standard data When this function is selected the following screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi T...

Page 172: ...mple Solutions 1 The sample measurement screen Fig 3 69 appears Set the sample indicated in the guidance area in the sample compartment Pressing the START key starts measurement at the current cell position NOTE In 6 cell manual mode the photometric value at the cell position indicated on the screen is measured Before measurement therefore check if the cell position where the sample has been set c...

Page 173: ...ition before the execution and the sample measurement screen reappears GUIDE For executing auto zero frequently set an auto zero to the position of cell A beforehand It is now possible to move to the position of cell A and execute auto zero just by pressing the AUTOZERO key Fig 3 70 How to Execute Auto Zero 2 After measurement of a sample its measured absorbance and concentration are indicated at ...

Page 174: ...or 150 samples have been measured the screen shown in Fig 3 72 appears For the processing function assigned to each key refer to Table 3 45 Photometry CELL 1 ID ABS CONC 11 0 001 0 000 12 0 102 10 10 13 0 205 20 05 14 0 172 17 04 15 0 051 5 10 Select function _ 1 Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print Fig 3 72 Screen after Measurement of All Samples Sample concentration Sample name Measured absorbance Exampl...

Page 175: ...iven below appears Enter the number of samples to be measured and press the ENTER key Input value No of Sample 1 140 Display With 10 Samples Measured 3 Remeasure Selected when remeasuring a measured sample When this function is selected the guidance given below appears Select a sample to be remeasured with the or key set the sample to cell 1 and press the START key to carry out remeasure ment To e...

Page 176: ...ient and determination coefficient of calibration curve 3 STD Indicates the result of standard solution measurement Also allows remeasurement of a standard solution deletion of standard data unnecessary for generation of a calibration curve or retrieval of deleted data 3 Save You can save the measured data When this function is selected the following screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi T...

Page 177: ...ect items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For each item select whether to print out ON or OFF Photometry CELL A Print Print Date ON Run Date ON Method ON Curve ON STD ON Sample ON Select function _ 1 ON 2 OFF 3 113 ...

Page 178: ... Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 3 Setting of Sample Conditions For steps 2 and 3 refer to section 3 2 2 4 Setting of 6 cell Conditions NOTE 6 Cell Mode is not indicated if OFF is specified for Mode on the 6 cell mode setting screen for use of the single cell holder or rectangular long path cell holder F...

Page 179: ...ing Item Description 6 Cell Mode Specify a 6 cell operation mode for measurement 1 Auto In this mode a sample is set at each position of the 6 cell holder beforehand and the holder is automatically turned to automatically perform from auto zero to standard sample measurement It is recommended to use this mode if you have 6 cells and there are many samples to be measured For details of the Auto mod...

Page 180: ... executed by pressing the AUTOZERO key Photometry 600 0 nm 0 000 ABS CELL A Info Set autozero sample to Cell A AUTOZERO Execute Autozero CLEAR Cancel Fig 3 74 Auto Zero Execution Screen 2 The sample measurement screen Fig 3 75 appears Set the sample indicated in the guidance area in the sample compartment Pressing the START key starts measurement at the current cell position NOTE In 6 cell manual ...

Page 181: ...ART Meas Sample1 Sample Measurement Screen 2 Set an auto zero sample close the cover and press the AUTOZERO key The 6 cell holder will move to the position of cell A and auto zero will be executed there 3 After execution of auto zero the 6 cell holder moves to the position before the execution and the sample measurement screen reappears GUIDE For executing auto zero frequently set an auto zero sam...

Page 182: ...ey Remeasure allows remeasurement of the last measured sample Photometry CELL 1 ID ABS 1 0 15 Sample name Measured absorbance START Meas SAMP 2 Select FUNC 1 Remeasure Fig 3 77 Sample Measurement Screen 4 When measurement is stopped by pressing the STOP key or 150 samples have been measured the screen shown in Fig 3 78 appears For the processing function assigned to each key refer to Table 3 47 Ph...

Page 183: ...ed the guidance given below appears Enter the number of samples to be measured and press the ENTER key Input value No of Sample 1 140 Display with 10 Samples Measured 3 Remeasure Selected when remeasuring a measured sample When this function is selected the guidance given below appears Select a sample to be remeasured with the or key set the sample to cell 1 and press the START key to carry out re...

Page 184: ...010 03 30 Select function _ 1 Save 2 Sort 1 1 1 Save Allows you to save data under a new file name 2 Sort Allows you to rearrange the currently saved data in the order of file names or dates 3 Print You can select items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For each item select whether to print out ON or OFF Photometry CELL A Print Print Date ON Run Date ON Me...

Page 185: ...power switch is turned on For how to specify auto start refer to section 4 5 1 Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 3 Setting of Sample Conditions For steps 2 and 3 refer to section 3 2 3 4 Setting of 6 cell Conditions NOTE 6 Cell Mode is not indicated if OFF is specified for Mode on the 6 cell mode setting s...

Page 186: ...ameter Setting Item Description 6 Cell Mode Specify a 6 cell operation mode for measurement 1 Auto In this mode a sample is set at each position of the 6 cell holder beforehand and the holder is automatically turned to automatically perform from auto zero to standard sample measurement It is recommended to use this mode if you have 6 cells and there are many samples to be measured For details of t...

Page 187: ...he AUTOZERO key Photometry 600 0 nm 0 000 ABS CELL A Info Set autozero sample to Cell A AUTOZERO Execute Autozero CLEAR Cancel Fig 3 80 Auto Zero Execution Screen 2 The sample measurement screen Fig 3 81 appears Set the sample indicated in the guidance area in the sample compartment Pressing the START key starts measurement at the current cell position NOTE In 6 cell manual mode the photometric va...

Page 188: ... 260 0nm 0 423 WL2 280 0nm 0 268 ABS DIFF 0 155 ABS Ratio 1 582 START Meas Sample11 1 Remeasure 10 11 Sample Measurement Screen 2 Set an auto zero sample close the cover and press the AUTOZERO key The 6 cell holder will move to the position of cell A and auto zero will be executed there 3 After execution of auto zero the 6 cell holder moves to the position before the execution and the sample measu...

Page 189: ...nm 0 269 ABS DIFF 0 152 ABS Ratio 1 565 START Meas SAMP 4 Select FUNC 1 Remeasure 3 4 Fig 3 83 Sample Measurement Screen 4 When measurement is stopped by pressing the STOP key or 150 samples have been measured the screen shown in Fig 3 84 appears For the processing function assigned to each key refer to Table 3 49 Photometry CELL 1 ID ABS 10 WL1 260 0 nm 0 423 WL2 280 0 nm 0 268 ABS DIFF 0 155 ABS...

Page 190: ...cted the guidance given below appears Enter the number of samples to be measured and press the ENTER key Input value No of Sample 1 140 Display with 10 Samples Measured 3 Remeasure Selected when remeasuring a measured sample When this function is selected the guidance given below appears Select a sample to be remeasured with the or key set the sample to the cell position indicated on the screen an...

Page 191: ...2 Sort 1 1 1 Save Allows you to save data under a new file name 2 Sort Allows you to rearrange the currently saved data in the order of file names or dates 3 Print You can select items to be printed When this function is selected the screen given below appears For each item select whether to print out ON or OFF Photometry CELL A Print Print Date ON Run Date ON Method ON Sample ON Select function _...

Page 192: ...art refer to section 4 5 1 Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 3 Setting of Sample Conditions For steps 2 and 3 refer to section 3 2 4 4 Setting of 6 cell Conditions NOTE 6 Cell Mode is not indicated if OFF is specified for Mode on the 6 cell mode setting screen for use of the single cell holder or rectangul...

Page 193: ...en Table 3 50 6 Cell Setting Parameter Setting Item Description 6 Cell Mode Select a 6 cell operation mode for measurement from the following 1 Auto By setting a baseline sample and unknown sample to the 6 cell holder it is possible to automatically turn the 6 cell holder and automatically measure one sample after baseline correction For details of the Auto mode refer to section 3 2 4 2 Manual Bas...

Page 194: ...ed out If there is a baseline saved under the same measuring conditions you can also proceed to sample measurement without performing baseline correction with the CLEAR key WL Scan CELL A Baseline CORR Info Set baseline sample to Cell A START Baseline CORR Fig 3 86 Guidance on Baseline Correction 10 Measurement of Sample Solutions 1 After completion of baseline correction the sample measurement sc...

Page 195: ...on of measurement the screen shown in Fig 3 88 appears Pressing the 1 to 5 keys allows the processings given in Table 3 51 For proceeding to the next sample measurement press the START key WL Scan CELL A ABS 0 800 0 000 400 0 525 0 650 0 nm START Meas Select function _ 1 Data 2 Scale 3 Save 4 Print 5 Baseline Fig 3 88 Screen after Sample Measurement 3 131 ...

Page 196: ...ected peak 3 Smoothing Allows you to perform spectrum smoothing 4 List Allows you to display the measured data at the specified intervals 2 Scale You can change the scale on the X axis and Y axis of spectrum For detail of this function refer to section 4 3 3 Save You can save the measured spectrum When this function is selected the following screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro WLS 2...

Page 197: ...o 1 Yes Selected to execute baseline correction Set a sample for baseline correction to cell A and press the 1 key 2 No Selected to return to the previous screen without executing baseline correction 3 Before proceeding to the next measurement the system displays the data deletion confirming screen Fig 3 89 When data has already been saved or printed select the 1 key Yes To save or print data sele...

Page 198: ...ion 4 5 1 Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Setting of Measuring Conditions 1 Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen Fig 3 90 will appear To set each condition for time scan press the 3 key Time Scan and then ENTER key Or select Time Scan with the or key and press the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 ...

Page 199: ...elay Delay For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 52 Time Scan CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Data Mode ABS 2 Sample WL nm 500 0 3 System Scan Time s 60 4 Print Upper Scale 1 000 5 Save Method Lower Scale 0 000 6 Meas Screen Delay s 0 Select function _ 1 ABS 2 T Fig 3 92 Measuring Condition Meas PARAM Screen Table 3 52 Meas PARAM Setting Parameters Setting Item Description Data Mode Select a data mod...

Page 200: ...s parameter is specifiable in the following range ABS 999 9 to 999 9 T 9 999 to 9 999 Lower Scale Enter a Y axis lower limit for the spectrum displayed This parameter is specifiable in the following range ABS 999 9 to 999 9 T 9 999 to 9 999 Delay s After the START key is pressed the system waits for the time period set here and then starts measurement This parameter is settable in a range of 0 to ...

Page 201: ...Sample Condition Sample Screen 3 To enter select the sample conditions press the ENTER key Or select the item with the or key and make your setting For details of the parameter refer to Table 3 53 4 After entering a sample name return to the Time Scan screen by pressing the ENTER key or key Table 3 53 Sample Setting Parameter Setting Item Description Sample Name Up to 8 half size alphanumeric char...

Page 202: ... 3 Slow Fig 3 94 System Condition System Screen 3 Set up a response After completion of setting return to the Time Scan screen by pressing the RETURN key or key Setting Item Description Response Select from the following 3 response speeds 1 Fast Used for high resolution measurement with respect to the wavelength Note that the noise level is high as compared with Medium and Slow 2 Medium Used for o...

Page 203: ...reen Fig 3 95 appears To select the printing conditions press the ENTER key Or select each item with the or key and make your setting according to the guidance For details of each parameter refer to Table 3 54 Time Scan CELL A 1 Meas PARAM Auto Print OFF 2 Sample Print Date ON 3 System Run Date ON 4 Print Method ON 5 Save Method Graph ON 6 Meas Screen Data List OFF Select function _ Fig 3 95 Print...

Page 204: ...nalysis date is not printed Method 1 ON Measuring conditions are printed 3 2 OFF Measuring conditions are not printed Graph 1 ON Graph of change with time is printed 4 2 OFF Graph of change with time is not printed Data List 1 OFF Numerical data of change with time is not printed 5 2 All Data Numerical data of change with time is all printed 3 Interval Numerical data of change with time is printed...

Page 205: ...ata Mode T Bandpass nm 5 0 WL nm 220 0 6 Cell Mode Manual Scan Time s 60 Delay s 0 Data List Int s 1 No TIME s T No TIME s T No TIME s T 1 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 5 4 0 0 2 1 0 0 4 3 0 0 6 5 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 1 0 60 s 30 0 15 0 45 0 2 3 5 Fig 3 96 Example of Printout in Time Scan Mode Setting of the measuring conditions has now been completed For saving the set conditions proceed to step 6 If they need not be s...

Page 206: ...s Save Method CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro TMS 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako TMS 2010 03 30 File name Measurement mode Saving date File Name _ File Name Max 20 characters ABC 1 1 Fig 3 97 Measuring Condition Saving Save Method Screen with saved data 3 When other measuring conditions are saved in advance a list of saved measuring conditions appears on the main menu At this time the file name measure...

Page 207: ...No of files is full In this case delete files referring to section 4 2 2 and retry saving The method for which auto start for details refer to section 4 5 is set is preceded by 5 Return to the Time Scan screen by pressing the RETURN key 7 Measurement of Sample Solutions 1 To determine the measuring conditions set in the preceding steps press the 6 key Meas Screen and then ENTER key Or press the ME...

Page 208: ...ment For carrying out auto zero press the RETURN key NOTE In Time Scan mode the photometric value at the cell position indicated on the screen is measured Before measurement therefore check if the cell position where the sample has been set coincides with the cell position indicated on the screen WL Scan CELL A 0 800 ABS 0 000 0 60 0 120 s START Meas _ Fig 3 99 Sample Measurement Screen By pressin...

Page 209: ...urement screen reappears GUIDE For executing auto zero frequently set an auto zero sample to the position of cell A beforehand It is now possible to move to the position of cell A and execute auto zero just by pressing the AUTOZERO key Fig 3 100 How to Execute Auto Zero 5 After completion of measurement the sample measurement result screen Fig 3 101 appears Pressing the 1 to 4 keys allows the proc...

Page 210: ...r detail of this function refer to section 4 3 3 Save You can save the measured spectrum When this function is selected the following screen appears Save Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 Select function _ 1 Save 2 Sort 1 1 1 Save Allows you to save data under a new file name 2 Sort Allows you to rearrange the currently saved data in the order of fil...

Page 211: ...h is turned on For how to specify auto start refer to section 4 5 1 Startup of This Product Start this product For the starting procedure refer to section 2 3 1 2 Display of Main Menu Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen Fig 3 102 will then appear To present the enlarged display screen press the 8 key Monitor and then ENTER key Or select Monitor with the or key and press the ENTER key GUID...

Page 212: ...e wavelength to be used for measurement press the GO TO WL key enter a new wavelength and press the ENTER key Data Display CELL 1 WL 1100 0 nm Data 0 001 ABS Select function _ 1 ABS 2 T 3 Lamp ON Fig 3 103 Enlarged Display Screen The enlarged display screen is provided with the automatic lamp off function which serves to prevent the lamp staying on unnecessarily for a long time After the lapse of ...

Page 213: ...pecified for 6 Cell Mode when the single cell holder or rectangular long path cell holder is mounted set an auto zero sample beforehand and press the Autozero key 3 When the 6 cell holder is connected set a sample to the cell position indicated on the screen When the single cell holder or rectangular long path cell holder is in use set a sample to the cell holder 4 Read out and record the photomet...

Page 214: ... monitor 5 When the printer is connected print the wavelength and photometric value by pressing the PRINT key Example of Printout 500 0 nm 0 203 Abs 6 After completion of measurement return to the previous screen by pressing the RETURN key 3 150 ...

Page 215: ...ion of the saved data 4 1 1 Loading the Saved Data 1 Startup of This Product Start up this product For startup method see section 2 3 1 2 Data Loading Procedure 1 Press the MAIN MENU key The Main Menu screen shown in Fig 4 1 appears Press the 5 key for Data Menu and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Data Menu and then the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 ...

Page 216: ... the file name type and date of file saving are shown from the left Type denotes the type of Method in an abbreviation listed in Table 4 1 Select the data to be loaded by the key and press the 1 key for Load For other keys refer to Table 4 2 Load Delete Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 3 Stability TMS 2010 05 05 4 Vitamin A WLS 2010 02 24 Select fun...

Page 217: ...At this time U 5100 is set to same Method as read Data However exclude it when Data of Auto Sipper another sales was opened while using 6 Cell holder and when 6 Cell holder is opened while using Auto Sipper According to the guidance data processing re measurement etc can be carried out Note Please keep the same and measure Method of 6 Cell Mode or Auto sipper another sales when measuring it with C...

Page 218: ...press the key to select Data Menu and then the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 4 Main Menu Screen 2 Data Menu screen Fig 4 5 appears For displaying the saved data press the 1 key for Load Delete Data and then ENTER key or press the key to select Load Delete Data and then the ...

Page 219: ... be displayed When there is no problem execute the deletion For other keys refer to Table 4 4 NOTE Data once deleted cannot be recovered Careful confirmation is required before data deletion Load Delete Data CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 3 Stability TMS 2010 05 05 4 Vitamin A WLS 2010 02 24 Select function _ 1 Load 2 Delete 3 Check 4 Type 5 Sort 1 1 F...

Page 220: ... presently selected file 4 Type Enables you to select the type of the file to be displayed on the screen Used for displaying in only one type such as photometry wavelength scan or time scan In default all types are set for display 5 Sort Enables you to sort the files to be displayed on the screen Sorting is allowed in the alphabetical order of file names or in the chronological order of saved file...

Page 221: ...ss the key to select Data Menu and then the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 7 Main Menu Screen 2 Data Menu screen Fig 4 8 appears For printing the data list press the 2 key for Print List and then ENTER key or press the key to select Print List and then the ENTER key Data Men...

Page 222: ...ck 4 Type 5 Sort 1 1 File name Type Date of file saving Fig 4 9 Print List Screen Table 4 5 Abbreviation of Method Type Type Abbreviation Photometry PHT Wavelength scan WLS Time scan TMS 3 Printing of Data List For printing in only one type of Method select the 2 key for Type and then PHT WLS or TMS For changing the display order of file names select the 3 key for Sort and then File Name or Data a...

Page 223: ...ction _ 1 All 2 Photometry 3 WL Scan 4 Time Scan 3 Sort Enables you to sort the files to be displayed on the screen Sorting is allowed in the alphabetical order of file names File Name or in the chronological order of saved files Date and Time The alphabetical order of file names is selected by default Select function _ 1 File Name 2 Date and Time Data List No File Name Type Date 1 NO3 Hitachi Tar...

Page 224: ... 11 appears Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 11 Main Menu Screen 2 For loading the saved calibration curve data press the 5 key for Data Menu and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Data Menu and then the ENTER key 3 Data Menu screen Fig 4 12 appears Data Menu CELL A 1 Load De...

Page 225: ...ENTER key The outline of the selected Method is now displayed After check you can return to the previous display by pressing the RETURN key Select the data in which the desired calibration curve is saved by the key and press the ENTER key The saved data will be displayed NOTE Please use the data that 6 Cell Mode measured by turning on without fail for the reading measurement when you measure 6 Cel...

Page 226: ...Example of screen showing measured data of 3 standard samples Fig 4 14 Standard Data only Screen Sample measurement is allowed by selecting the 1 key for Sample When the open data includes sample data Photometry CELL 1 ID ABS CONC 11 0 001 0 000 12 0 102 10 10 13 0 205 20 05 14 0 172 17 04 15 0 051 5 10 Select function _ 1 Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print Example of screen showing measured data of 15 u...

Page 227: ...4 1 4 2 Set a sample for auto zero and execute auto zero Then measure the sample Thus sample measurement can be performed with the saved calibration curve 4 13 ...

Page 228: ...pletion of initial setting the Main Menu screen Fig 4 16 appears Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 16 Main Menu Screen 2 For loading a Method press the 4 key for Method Menu and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Method Menu and then the ENTER key 3 Method Menu screen Fig 4 17...

Page 229: ...key and press the ENTER key The Method of the selected file is read In case the measurement parameters of the selected file name are unknown the outline of the selected Method can be displayed by pressing the 3 key for Check and then the ENTER key After check you can return to the previous display by pressing the RETURN key Note The guidance of Please review method before use is displayed when Met...

Page 230: ... changed to turning ON and Method is reflected 6 Cell Mode OFF 6 Cell Mode of System Setup is changed to turning OFF and Method is reflected Method is reflected Method in the part other than Auto Sipper are reflected The condition concerning Auto Sipper is not set to preserved Method and review Method please before it measures it Auto Sipper Available Accessory Method in the part other than 6 Cell...

Page 231: ...tup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 19 Main Menu Screen 2 For displaying a list of Methods press the 4 key for Method Menu and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Method Menu and then the ENTER key 3 Method Menu screen Fig 4 20 appears Press the 1 key for Load Delete Data and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Load Delete Data and then the ENTER key Meas P...

Page 232: ...n of your deletion will be displayed When there is no problem execute the deletion For other keys refer to Table 4 9 NOTE Data once deleted cannot be recovered Careful confirmation is required before data deletion Load Delete Method CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2010 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2010 03 30 File name Measurement mode Date of file saving Select function _ 1 Load 2 Delete 3 Check 4...

Page 233: ...ted file 4 Type Enables you to select the type of the file to be displayed on the screen Used for displaying in only one type such as photometry wavelength scan or time scan In default all types are set for display 5 Sort Enables you to sort the files to be displayed on the screen Sorting is allowed in the alphabetical order of file names or in the chronological order of saved files The alphabetic...

Page 234: ... or press the key to select Method Menu and then the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 22 Main Menu Screen 2 Method Menu screen Fig 4 23 appears For printing the method list press the 3 key for Print List and then ENTER key or press the key to select Print List and then the ENT...

Page 235: ...ion _ 1 Confirmation 2 Type 3 Sort 1 1 Fig 4 24 Print List Screen Table 4 10 Abbreviation of Method Type Type Abbreviation Photometry PHT Wavelength scan WLS Time scan TMS 3 Printing of Method List For printing in only one type of Method select the 2 key for Type and then PHT WLS or TMS For changing the display order of file names select the 3 key for Sort and then File Name or Data and Time for d...

Page 236: ...isplay Select function _ 1 All 2 Photometry 3 WL Scan 4 Time Scan 3 Sort Enables you to sort the files to be displayed on the screen Sorting is allowed in the alphabetical order of file names File Name or in the chronological order of saved files Date and Time The alphabetical order of file names is selected by default Select function _ 1 File Name 2 Date and Time Method List No File Name Type Dat...

Page 237: ...ncluding the saved calibration curve data according to 4 1 1 Loading the Saved Data Upon opening the calibration curve data a guidance Fig 4 26 is presented Select the 2 key for Curve Select function _ 1 Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print 2 2 Fig 4 26 Example of Guidance upon Opening of Calibration Curve Data During measurement During measurement by selecting Photometry in the Main Menu Conc for Data Mod...

Page 238: ...actor 3 STD Fig 4 27 Calibration Curve Data 2 Scale Change screen Fig 4 28 appears On this screen a scale change scale resetting and auto scale operation are allowed For each parameter setting item refer to Table 4 12 Scale Changing Parameters Photometry Curve CELL A Scale Change X Max 90 00 X Min 0 001 Y Max ABS 0 893 Y Min ABS 0 001 Scale Reset Auto Scale Input value X Max 9999 9999 Fig 4 28 Sca...

Page 239: ...et axis is adopted by pressing the RETURN key Y Max ABS Sets the maximum value on the Y axis representing the absorbance of calibration curve Settable within 9 999 to 9 999 Change on the set axis is adopted by pressing the Return key Y Min ABS Sets the minimum value on the Y axis representing the absorbance of calibration curve Settable within 9 999 to 9 999 Change on the set axis is adopted by pr...

Page 240: ...9 is presented Select the 2 key for Curve Select function _ 1 Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print 2 2 Fig 4 29 Example of Guidance upon Opening of Calibration Curve Data During measurement During measurement by selecting Photometry in the Main Menu Conc for Data Mode and 1st Order for Curve Type select Curve Confirmation or Curve indicated in the guidance 2 Curve Factor Checking Procedure 1 The calibratio...

Page 241: ...r Explanation Curve Factor Denotes the factor of calibration curve A0 and A1 stand for the values expressed by the following equation When ABS f CONC Absorbance A1 x concentration A0 Concentration absorbance A0 A1 When CONC f ABS Concentration A1 x absorbance A0 Correlation Coef Used for evaluating the linearity of calibration curve When this value is closer to 1 0000 the linearity can be evaluate...

Page 242: ...t t test 1 2 N DIFF DIFF t n n n Relative coefficient 2 2 2 C C C C C C R n stdn n n Determination coefficient 2 2 R R A3 A2 A1 C1 Cstd1 Cstd2 C2 C3 Cstd3 Absorbance Concentration Measured value and calibration curve An Absorbance value obtained by measuring standard samples A Averaged absorbance value obtained by measuring standard samples Cstdn Concentration of each standard Cn Concentration on ...

Page 243: ...Curve Select function _ 1 Meas 2 Curve 3 Save 4 Print 1 1 Fig 4 32 Example of Guidance upon Opening of Calibration Curve Data During measurement During measurement by selecting Photometry in the Main Menu Conc for Data Mode and 1st Order for Curve Type select Curve Confirmation or Curve indicated in the guidance 2 Displaying Standard Sample Data 1 The calibration curve data is now opened Select th...

Page 244: ... start For auto zero operation press the AUTOZERO key Photometry CELL A ID ABS CONC 6 0 301 30 00 7 0 251 25 11 8 0 419 40 90 9 0 110 11 00 10 0 234 23 50 Set sample to Cell1 Sample 10 _ START Meas AUTOZERO Autozero 2 2 2 Delete The measured data of a standard which you don t want to use for a calibration curve can be excluded from calculation by selecting the data by key and pressing the 1 key fo...

Page 245: ... you should wait till the end of the measurement 2 Data Processing Screen For wavelength scan data the WL Scan screen Fig 4 35 appears and the Time Scan screen Fig 4 36 appears for time scan data Then select the 2 key for Scale WL Scan CELL A 0 800 ABS 0 000 400 0 525 0 650 0 nm START Meas Select function _ 1 Data 2 Scale 3 Save 4 Print 5 Baseline Fig 4 35 Wavelength Scan Data Time Scan CELL A 0 8...

Page 246: ...can be set For each parameter refer to Table 4 12 which lists scale change parameters WL Scan Scale CELL A Scale Change X Max nm 650 0 X Min nm 400 0 Y Max ABS 0 800 Y Min ABS 0 000 Scale Reset Auto Scale Input value X Max nm 191 0 1100 0 Fig 4 37 Scale Changing Screen for Wavelength Scan Time Scan Scale CELL A Scale Change X Max s 60 X Min s 0 Y Max ABS 9 999 Y Min ABS 0 000 Scale Reset Auto Scal...

Page 247: ...ce of spectrum Settable range is as follows Absorbance 9 999 to 9 999 Transmittance 9 999 to 999 9 For adopting and changing the set axis return to the spectrum screen by pressing the RETURN key Y Min Sets the minimum value on the Y axis representing the absorbance or transmittance of spectrum Settable range is as follows Absorbance 9 999 to 9 999 Transmittance 9 999 to 999 9 For adopting and chan...

Page 248: ...ration curve Settable range is as follows Absorbance 9 999 to 9 999 Transmittance 9 999 to 999 9 For adopting and changing the set axis return to the spectrum screen by pressing the RETURN key Y Min Sets the minimum value on the Y axis representing the absorbance of spectrum Settable range is as follows Absorbance 9 999 to 9 999 Transmittance 9 999 to 999 9 For adopting and changing the set axis r...

Page 249: ... of the measurement 2 Data Processing Screen 1 The guidance for wavelength scan data Fig 4 39 is then opened In this guidance select the 1 key for Data The guidance for data screen Fig 4 40 will be displayed In this guidance select the 2 key for Peak WL Scan CELL A START Meas Select function _ 1 Data 2 Scale 3 Save 4 Print 5 Baseline Fig 4 39 Guidance for Wavelength Scan Data Select function _ 1 T...

Page 250: ...th and photometric value at the cursor position are indicated at the top left of this screen Also the present peak detection parameters are indicated at the right of the wavelength and photometric value For changing the peak valley detection parameters select the 1 key for Peak PARAM and the 2 key for Peak Table for displaying the peak table For details of Peak PARAM and Peak Table refer to Table ...

Page 251: ... A Peak PARAM Threshold 0 010 Sensitivity 2 Input value Threshold 0 001 1 000 2 Peak Table Displays peak table Each wavelength of the detected peak and valley and the photometric value at the wavelength are indicated Peak and valley data are indicated at the left and right respectively WL Scan Peak CELL A Peak Table T 0 010 S 2 No WL nm Peak WL nm Valley 1 498 0 0 297 546 0 0 286 2 468 0 0 290 Sel...

Page 252: ...ill the end of the measurement For stopping the measurement press the STOP key 2 Data Processing Screen 1 For wavelength scan data the WL Scan screen Fig 4 42 appears and the Time Scan screen Fig 4 43 appears for time scan data Then select the 1 key for Data WL Scan CELL A ABS 0 800 0 000 400 0 525 0 650 0 nm START Meas Select function _ 1 Data 2 Scale 3 Save 4 Print 5 Baseline Fig 4 42 Wavelength...

Page 253: ...Guidance for Time Scan 3 Tracing Data For wavelength scan data the WL Scan Trace screen Fig 4 46 is displayed And for time scan data the Time Scan Trace screen Fig 4 47 is displayed The cursor on each screen can be moved by pressing the key The wavelength and photometric value at the present cursor position are indicated at the top left of each screen Thus the photometric values at the aimed at wa...

Page 254: ...4 3 Data Processing Time Scan Trace CELL A 75 sec 0 402 ABS 0 800 ABS 0 000 0 60 0 120s Fig 4 47 Time Scan Trace Screen 4 40 ...

Page 255: ... Scan or Time Scan selected in Main Menu you should wait till the end of the measurement For stopping the measurement press the STOP key 2 Data Processing Screen 1 For wavelength scan data the WL Scan screen Fig 4 48 appears and the Time Scan screen Fig 4 49 appears for time scan data Then select the 1 key for Data WL Scan CELL A 0 800 ABS 0 000 400 0 525 0 650 0 nm START Meas Select function _ 1 ...

Page 256: ...unction _ 1 Trace 2 Peak 3 Smoothing 4 List Fig 4 50 Guidance for Wavelength Scan Select function _ 1 Trace 2 Smoothing 3 List Fig 4 51 Guidance for Time Scan 3 Smoothing Data For wavelength scan data the WL Scan Smoothing screen Fig 4 52 is displayed And for time scan data the Time Scan Smoothing Fig 4 53 is displayed For smoothing select the 1 key for Smoothing on each screen Upon selection the ...

Page 257: ... ABS 0 000 400 0 525 0 650 0 nm Select function _ 1 Smoothing 2 Reset Fig 4 52 WL Scan Smoothing Screen Time Scan Smoothing CELL A 0 800 ABS 0 000 0 60 0 120 s Select function _ 1 Smoothing 2 Reset Fig 4 53 Time Scan Smoothing Screen 4 43 ...

Page 258: ...ait till the end of the measurement For stopping the measurement press the STOP key 2 Data Processing Screen 1 For wavelength scan data the WL Scan screen Fig 4 54 appears and the Time Scan screen Fig 4 55 appears for time scan data Then select the 1 key for Data WL Scan CELL A 0 800 ABS 0 000 400 0 525 0 650 0 nm START Meas Select function _ 1 Data 2 Scale 3 Save 4 Print 5 Baseline Fig 4 54 Wavel...

Page 259: ...an List screen Fig 4 58 is displayed And for time scan data the Time Scan List screen Fig 4 59 is displayed You can see the next or previous page on each screen by pressing the key For changing the display interval select the 1 key for Int nm s For details of setting method refer to the data list screen shown in Table 4 18 WL Scan List CELL A No WL nm ABS No WL nm ABS 1 600 0 0 299 9 584 0 0 298 2...

Page 260: ...8 7 0 000 16 15 0 055 Select function _ 1 Int nm 1 1 3 Fig 4 59 Time Scan List Screen Table 4 18 Data List Screen Function Key Explanation 1 Int nm s To be selected for changing the display interval Input a display interval value and press the RETURN key for returning to each initial data list screen WL Scan List CELL A Int nm 1 0 Input value Int nm 0 1 100 0 Time Scan List CELL A Int s 1 Input va...

Page 261: ...ons However in setting of sample conditions you must set the statistical calculation in ON status and set the number of samples for statistical calculation in setting the number of calculations 6 cell auto mode 3 2 1 Determining Concentration of Solution 6 cell manual mode 6 cell mode OFF 3 3 1 Determining Concentration of Solution After measurement the result of statistical calculation is display...

Page 262: ...through ratio calculation 6 cell manual mode 6 cell mode OFF 3 3 3 Measuring DNA Sample measurement through ratio calculation After measurement the result of statistical calculation is displayed every specified number of calculations as shown below N MEAN SD and RSD stand for the number of calculations mean absorbance difference or ratio value standard deviation and relative standard deviation res...

Page 263: ... shown in Fig 4 62 appears Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 4 62 Main Menu Screen 2 For loading a method press the 4 key for Method Menu and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Method Menu and then the ENTER key 3 Method Menu screen Fig 4 63 appears For auto start setting press ...

Page 264: ...10 01 02 5 Fe PHT 2010 01 12 6 DNA PHT 2010 02 05 7 Stability TMS 2010 03 10 Select function _ 1 Confirmation 2 Type 3 Sort 1 1 File name Type Date of saving Fig 4 64 Auto Start Screen Auto Start CELL A 1 NO3 Hitachi Taro PHT 2009 10 10 2 Cr6 Hitachi Hanako PHT 2009 12 01 3 Spectrum WLS 2009 12 10 4 Time Scan TMS 2010 01 02 5 Fe PHT 2010 01 12 6 DNA PHT 2010 02 05 7 Stability TMS 2010 03 10 Select...

Page 265: ... folder another sales and the square length cell folders another sales Please confirm whether Auto Sipper another sales is installed in the device for Method using Auto Sipper another sales For releasing the auto start setting select the file for which auto start has been set and then press the ENTER key Auto start is now canceled Make sure the asterisk has disappeared 4 51 ...

Page 266: ...ptions Purpose Option separately available Sample Volume Measurement with usual cell holder Single cell holder P N 3J2 0110 1 7 to 3 5 mL Single cell holder P N 3J2 0110 Application to small volume samples 340 to 600 μL Mask for micro cell P N 200 1537 10 mm quartz micro cell P N 124 0357 10 mm black micro cell P N 200 0551 Rectangular long path cell holder P N 3J2 0111 Sensitivity enhancement 17 ...

Page 267: ...thod described in a of 2 4 5 2 Mounting of Single Cell Holder 1 Open the sample compartment and place a single cell holder so that its positioning holes receive the guide pins of the sample compartment The single cell holder must be mounted facing the rectangular cell setting position toward the front of the instrument as shown below Guide pins Fig 4 66 Guide Pins of Sample Compartment Rectangular...

Page 268: ...wdriver Screw Fig 4 68 Mounting Single Cell Holder in Sample Compartment 3 Holder mounting is now completed Close the lid of the sample compartment Fig 4 69 View After Mounting the Single Cell Holder 3 Change of 6 cell Mode Setting The 6 cell mode setting needs to be changed Turn the 6 cell mode setting from ON to OFF referring to section 2 5 4 Carry out measurement after referring to section 4 6 ...

Page 269: ...l view of this mask and its illustration drawn as viewed in the lateral direction The swelled side of the mask is shown as the Convex side of mask and the sunk side is shown as the Concave side of mask in the figure Mask face Convex side of mask Concave side of mask Fig 4 70 External View and Illustration of Mask for Micro Cell 2 Shown below is the external view of a single cell holder The cell ho...

Page 270: ...View of Single Cell Holder Insert the mask for micro cell into the groove by sliding The mask must be inserted completely until it no longer moves Fig 4 72 Insertion of Mask for Micro Cell 3 Change of 6 cell Mode Setting The 6 cell mode setting needs to be changed Turn the 6 cell mode setting from ON to OFF referring to section 2 5 4 Carry out measurement after referring to section 4 6 5 4 56 ...

Page 271: ... the 6 cell holder removing method described in a of 2 4 5 2 Mounting of Rectangular Long path Cell Holder 1 Open the sample compartment and place the rectangular long path cell holder so that its positioning holes receive the guide pins of the sample compartment This holder must be mounted locating the rectangular cell mounting position on the front side of the instrument as shown below Guide pin...

Page 272: ... Screw Fig 4 75 Mounting Rectangular Long Path Cell Holder in Sample Compartment 3 Holder mounting is now completed Close the lid of the sample compartment Fig 4 76 View After Mounting the Rectangular Long Path Cell Holder 3 Change of 6 cell Mode Setting The 6 cell mode setting needs to be changed Turn the 6 cell mode setting from ON to OFF referring to section 2 5 4 Carry out measurement after re...

Page 273: ...ounted by loosening the screw shown in the figure below Screw Fig 4 77 Removal of Single Cell Holder Screw Fig 4 78 Removal of Rectangular Long Path Cell Holder 2 Mounting of 6 cell Holder Mount the 6 cell holder referring to the 6 cell holder mounting method described in b of 2 4 5 3 Change of 6 cell Mode Setting The 6 cell mode setting needs to be changed Turn the 6 cell mode setting from OFF to...

Page 274: ...the 6 cell manual mode However in the 6 cell mode OFF status cell position is not specified by omitting to Cell A So set the sample in the cell holder in the sample compartment 3 For baseline correction in spectrum measurement a guidance Set baseline sample to Cell A is issued in the 6 cell manual mode However in the 6 cell mode OFF status cell position is not specified by omitting to Cell A So se...

Page 275: ... to display the Main Menu screen Fig 5 1 Confirm that nothing is contained in the sample compartment and close the lid For selection of performance check press the 7 key Performance and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Performance followed by the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select f...

Page 276: ...nt performance check in each item For checking instrument performance in each performance item press the 2 key Performance Check Manual and then the ENTER key For subsequent operation refer to section 5 1 1 to 5 1 6 For instrument performance check with separately available Hg lamp For checking instrument performance with a Hg lamp available at option press the 3 key Performance Check Option and t...

Page 277: ...eport Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 3 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 4 appears and parameters will be set and wavelength accuracy will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 4 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of wavelength accuracy the screen after this check is displayed as shown in Fig 5 5 Me...

Page 278: ...en returns when you press the RETURN key Table 5 1 Measuring Conditions and Judgment Standard for Wavelength Accuracy at 484 6 nm Item Wavelength Accuracy at 484 6 nm Measuring conditions Emission spectrum of Xe lamp bright line with detector on the monitor side Wavelength range 478 6 to 490 6 nm Scan speed 40 nm min Data interval High resolution Response Standard Spectrum to be measured Calculati...

Page 279: ...9 0 nm Wavelength accuracy at 229 0 nm obtained peak wavelength 229 0 Judgment standard Within 2 0 nm Table 5 3 Measuring Conditions and Judgment Standard for Wavelength Accuracy at 822 8 nm Item Wavelength Accuracy at 822 8 nm Measuring conditions Emission spectrum of Xe lamp bright line with detector on the monitor side Wavelength range 816 8 to 828 8 nm Scan speed 40 nm min Data interval High r...

Page 280: ...5 1 Check with Instrument Main Unit Alone Fig 5 6 Example Result of Wavelength Accuracy Check at 484 6 nm 5 6 ...

Page 281: ...ility Hardware Print Report Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 7 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 8 appears and parameters will be set and wavelength repeatability will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 8 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of wavelength repeatability the screen after this check is ...

Page 282: ...dard for Wavelength Repeatability Item Wavelength Repeatability Measuring conditions Emission spectrum of Xe lamp bright line with detector on the monitor side Wavelength range 478 6 to 490 6 nm Scan speed 40 nm min Data interval High resolution Response Standard Spectrum to be measured 3 times 2nd measurement after shifting to 1100 nm 3rd measurement after shifting to 190 nm Calculation method A ...

Page 283: ...5 1 2 Fig 5 10 Example Result of Wavelength Repeatability Check 5 9 ...

Page 284: ...seline Flatness Baseline Stability Hardware Print Report Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 11 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 12 appears and parameters will be set and noise level will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 12 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of noise level the screen after this che...

Page 285: ...heck item selecting screen returns when you press the RETURN key Table 5 5 Measuring Conditions and Judgment Standard for Noise Level RMS Item Noise Level RMS Measuring conditions Time scan measurement ABS measurement Wavelength 260 nm Response Standard Measurement after auto zero operation Calculation method Calculation of noise level RMS from the measured absorbance according to the following fo...

Page 286: ...5 1 Check with Instrument Main Unit Alone Fig 5 14 Example Result of Noise Level Check 5 12 ...

Page 287: ...Stability Hardware Print Report Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 15 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 16 appears and parameters will be set and baseline flatness will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 16 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of baseline flatness the screen after this check is display...

Page 288: ...ment ABS measurement Wavelength range 200 to 950 nm Scan speed 200 nm min Data interval High resolution Response Standard Use of data measured after baseline correction Excluding influence by noise water vapor and absorption due to quartz Calculation method 750 points of data excluding the top data are grouped into 150 blocks 1 block corresponding to 5 nm and the maximum value a i and minimum valu...

Page 289: ...5 1 4 Fig 5 18 Example Result of Baseline Flatness Check 5 15 ...

Page 290: ...ccuracy 822 8 nm WL Repeatability Noise Level RMS Baseline Flatness Baseline Stability Hardware Print Report Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 19 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 20 appears and parameters will be set and baseline stability will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 20 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process...

Page 291: ...ns and Judgment Standard for Baseline Stability Item Baseline Stability Measuring conditions Time scan measurement ABS measurement Wavelength range 260 nm Measurement time 3600 s Response Standard Room temperature 20 to 25 C at 2 hours after power on temperature fluctuation within 5 C noise excluded Use of data measured after execution of auto zero Calculation method Only one smoothing is applied ...

Page 292: ...5 1 Check with Instrument Main Unit Alone Fig 5 22 Example Result of Baseline Stability Check 5 18 ...

Page 293: ...eline Flatness Baseline Stability Hardware Print Report Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 23 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 After the check of RAM ROM lamp wavelength driver wavelength and lamp usage the hardware check screen Fig 5 24 is displayed The check result of each item is indicated here For printing the measurement result press the 1 key Print After check return to th...

Page 294: ...RAM is checked ROM ROM is checked Lamp It is checked whether the lamp is lit or not Wavelength Driver Wavelength driver is checked Wavelength Wavelength calibration at 484 6 nm is executed on the initialization screen and it is checked whether a peak is detected or not Judgment standard OK in all check items 5 20 ...

Page 295: ...cy 484 6 nm WL Accuracy 229 0 nm WL Accuracy 822 8 nm WL Repeatability Noise Level RMS Baseline Flatness Baseline Stability Hardware Print Report Execute Manual 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 25 Screen for Each Item of Instrument Performance Check 2 A report is printed as shown below Report 2010 04 10 15 12 Spectrophotometer Model U 5100 Spectrophotometer Serial No 1234 567 ROM VER 3J25300 Option Performance Ch...

Page 296: ...ut Fig 5 28 is displayed For automatic printout confirm that a printer is connected power supply is turned on and paper has been prepared Then select the 1 key Yes For avoiding automatic printout select the 2 key No When automatic printout is selected it will start after measurement of each item However if printout cannot start due to a trouble on the printer or any other cause an error message Ca...

Page 297: ...ult of each check meets the judgment standard or NG appears if it does not meet the standard If NG is indicated take a corrective measure referring to section 5 1 1 to 5 1 6 Performance CELL A Auto WL Accuracy 484 6 nm 0 2 nm OK WL Repeatability 0 10 nm OK Noise Level RMS 0 0001 ABS OK Baseline Flatness 0 000 ABS OK Baseline Stability 0 0002 ABS OK Hardware OK Execute it 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 30 Screen...

Page 298: ...gaze directly at the lamp For gazing at the lamp put on UV cut glasses 1 After startup of the instrument press the MAIN MENU key to display the Main Menu screen Fig 5 31 Confirm that nothing is contained in the sample compartment and close the lid For selection of performance check press the 7 key Performance and then the ENTER key or press the key to select Performance followed by the ENTER key M...

Page 299: ...Check Option Select function _ Fig 5 32 Instrument Performance Check Screen 3 Mount the pen type low pressure mercury lamp available at option to the main unit For mounting method of this lamp refer to the instruction manual for this option In succession refer to section 5 2 1 to 5 2 3 5 25 ...

Page 300: ...ion Hg 546 1 nm Hardware Print Report Set Hg Lamp Execute it 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 33 Performance Check Option screen 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 34 appears and parameters will be set and wavelength accuracy check will be carried out Setting PARAM Fig 5 34 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of wavelength accuracy the screen after this check is ...

Page 301: ...th Accuracy at 253 7 nm 435 8 nm 546 1 nm Measuring conditions Emission spectrum of Hg lamp bright line with detector on the monitor side Wavelength of bright line from Hg lamp 253 7 nm 435 8 nm 546 1 nm Wavelength range 247 7 to 259 7 nm 429 8 to 441 8 nm 540 1 to 552 1 nm Scan speed 40 nm min Data interval High resolution Response Standard Spectrum to be measured Calculation method A difference ...

Page 302: ...ity Hg Resolution Hg 546 1 nm Hardware Print Report Set Hg Lamp Execute it 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 36 Performance Check Option Screen 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 37 appears and parameters will be set and wavelength repeatability Hg will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 37 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of wavelength repeatability with the Hg la...

Page 303: ...th Hg Lamp Item Wavelength Repeatability with Hg Lamp Measuring conditions Emission spectrum of Hg lamp bright line with detector on the monitor side Wavelength range 540 1 to 552 1 nm Scan speed 40 nm min Data interval High resolution Response Standard Spectrum to be measured 3 times 2nd measurement after shifting to 1100 nm 3rd measurement after shifting to 190 nm Calculation method A difference...

Page 304: ...Resolution Hg 546 1 nm Hardware Print Report Set Hg Lamp Execute it 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 39 Performance Check Option Screen 2 The guidance for informing the parameter setting process Fig 5 40 appears and parameters will be set and resolution with the Hg lamp 546 1 nm will be checked Setting PARAM Fig 5 40 Guidance for Parameter Setting Process 3 After the check of resolution with the Hg lamp 546 1 nm ...

Page 305: ... Table 5 11 Measuring Conditions and Judgment Standard for Resolution with Hg Lamp 546 1 nm Item Resolution with Hg Lamp 546 1 nm Measuring conditions Emission spectrum of Hg lamp bright line with detector on the monitor side Wavelength range 540 1 to 552 1 nm Scan speed 40 nm min Data interval High resolution Response Standard Spectrum to be measured Calculation method For the peak value A in the...

Page 306: ...or execution of this function select 1 Yes Performance CELL A Option WL Accuracy Hg 253 7 nm WL Accuracy Hg 435 8 nm WL Accuracy Hg 546 1 nm WL Repeatability Hg Resolution Hg 546 1nm Hardware Print Report Execute it 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 42 Performance Check Option Screen 2 A report is printed as shown below Report 2010 04 10 15 12 Model U 5100 Spectrophotometer Serial No 1234 567 ROM VER 3J25300 Optio...

Page 307: ...and then the ENTER key or press the key to select System Setup followed by the ENTER key Main Menu CELL A 1 Photometry 2 WL Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Method Menu 5 Data Menu 6 System Setup 7 Performance 8 Data Display Select function _ Fig 5 43 Main Menu Screen 2 The System Setup screen Fig 5 44 appears For selecting wavelength calibration press the 1 key WL CALIB and then the ENTER key or press the key ...

Page 308: ...te and Time 4 Printer Setup 5 6 Cell Mode 6 Auto Lamp OFF 7 Language Execute it 1 Yes 2 No Fig 5 45 Wavelength Calibration Executing Screen 4 The guidance for informing the wavelength calibrating process Fig 5 46 is displayed and wavelength calibration starts After the calibration you can return to the Main Menu window by pressing the RETURN key WL CALIB Fig 5 46 Guidance for Wavelength Calibratin...

Page 309: ... purchased from your dealer or the nearest maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies 6 1 Lamp Usage You can check the present time point in the life cycle of the lamp in the following procedure 1 After startup of the instrument press the MAIN MENU key to display the Main Menu screen Fig 6 1 For selection of system setup press the 6 key System Setup and then the ENTER key ...

Page 310: ...icated in percentage The 100 value stands for the end of service life as a standard If 100 is exceeded performance check should be carried out according to Section 5 in order to check if the lamp performance is within the specified range If out of the specified range contact your dealer or the nearest maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies System Setup CELL A 1 WL CALI...

Page 311: ...Spectrophotometer Before cleaning the exterior of the spectrophotometer turn off the power supply and pull out the power plug from the receptacle Then clean the exterior always using a soft cloth or a cloth wetted with water and wringed hard Avoid use of alcohol benzine paint thinner or the like inflammable solvent for cleaning In case a sample or the like is spilled on the spectrophotometer turn ...

Page 312: ...ies 6 5 Caution on Lithium Battery CAUTION The Model U 5100 ratio beam spectrophotometer uses a lithium battery for memory backup If the lithium battery is handled in a wrong way it might burst Never try its recharging disassembly and throwing into a flame This battery must be disposed by a different method from that of general wastes When replacement of the lithium battery becomes necessary for e...

Page 313: ...ized by Hitachi High Technologies 1 Unplug the power cord from the connector of the spectrophotometer See 1 in Fig 6 4 1 Fig 6 4 Unplugging the Power Cord 2 The fuse holder is located above the power connector on the rear side of spectrophotometer Push the fuse holder stopper from either side using a blade edge screwdriver and the holder will come out slightly See 2 in Fig 6 5 In succession push t...

Page 314: ...nector Fig 6 5 Ejection of Fuse Holder 3 Remove the blown fuse and replace it with a new one See 3 in Fig 6 6 Use a fuse having a proper capacity time lag fuse 2 A P N J821391 It is recommended to prepare a spare fuse 3 Fig 6 6 Removal of Fuse Holder 6 6 ...

Page 315: ...to 40 C and 15 to 80 humidity less than 70 humidity at more than 30 C are required In addition the instrument must not receive strong vibrations 2 Cover the instrument with a clean cloth or the like 3 Prevent acidic alkali or any other toxic gas from flowing into the instrument 4 Avoid a place where a strong magnetism may be generated 5 Avoid a dusty environment 6 Avoid exposure to direct sunlight...

Page 316: ...ion Peaks may be below the threshold Lower the threshold and retry peak detection Printer not ready The printer is not ready for printing Set the printer in the printable status Set the End WL Start WL 10 nm On the measurement parameter setup screen the measuring wavelength range is less than 10 nm Adjust input so that the measuring wavelength range is 10 nm or wider Set the Upper Scale Lower Scal...

Page 317: ...e so that the upper limit is higher than the lower limit Already exists Overwrite it It was attempted to save a Method file or data file in an already used file name When file overwriting is not desired change to an unused file name Data will be deleted Continue Although data exists MAIN MENU RETURN and START keys were pressed When there is the necessary data which has not yet been saved save the ...

Page 318: ...improvement can be seen contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies No of STD 2 Cannot delete This error occurs if you attempt to set the remaining number of standards to 1 by data deletion in STD editing under the condition of Thru Zero OFF Under the condition at left the remaining number of standards cannot be set to 1 Effective STD data is insufficient Calibr...

Page 319: ...t line of lamp Retry wavelength calibration If no improvement can be seen contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies WL Correction Error Abnormality is found in wavelength correction Retry wavelength correction If no improvement can be seen contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies Data Save Error RAM does not work normally...

Page 320: ... 1 The power cord is unplugged 2 The fuse is blown 3 Any cause other than above 1 Plug in the power cord 2 Replace the fuse with a new one 3 If the same symptom persists after tuning off the power switch and turning it on contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies Significant variations in measured values 1 The sample cell or the transparent plate is contaminat...

Page 321: ...ing off the power switch and turning it on contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies NG appears for wavelength check on the initialization screen Peak wavelength cannot be found Confirm that nothing is contained in the sample compartment If the same symptom persists after tuning off the power switch and turning it on contact the maintenance service company aut...

Page 322: ...performance again If no improvement can be seen contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies NG appears for baseline stability in performance check The result of baseline stability check does not satisfy the specification Check the performance again If no improvement can be seen contact the maintenance service company authorized by Hitachi High Technologies NG ap...

Page 323: ...fied with NIST SRM930 0 003 Abs 0 to 0 5 Abs 0 005 Abs 0 5 to 1 0 Abs Photometric repeatability with NIST SRM930 0 002 Abs 0 to 1 0 Abs Wavelength scan speed 40 100 200 400 800 1200 2400 nm min excluding filter exchange time Baseline stability 0 0007 Abs h at 260 nm room temperature 20 to 25 C temperature variation within 5 C 2 hours after power on Baseline flatness 0 010 Abs within 200 to 950 nm ...

Page 324: ...ndpass of 5 nm with the exit slit reflected by the toroidal mirror M2 and split into a monitor side reference beam and a sample beam The monitor side beam is incident on the monitor side detector mounted in the monochromator The sample beam passes through a sample in the sample compartment and impinges upon the sample side detector The sample and reference beams incident on the respective detector...

Page 325: ...tor Sample Concave diffraction grating Entrance slit Mirror M1 Xe flash lamp Filter F Exit slit Half mirror HM Monitor side detector Toroidal mirror M2 Condenser lens 6 cell holder Fig a 1 Optics of Model U 5100 Ratio Beam Spectrophotometer APPENDIX 2 ...

Page 326: ...lly converted by software to generate absorbance data The result of measurement is displayed on the data display unit and can be printed with the printer Monitor side detector Half mirror Photometric section Radiation source Monochromator Spectrophotometric block Sample side detector Sample I O interface Signal and data processing block A D converter Data display Printer Parallel interface Operati...

Page 327: ...Equation 1 T t 100 Equation 2 A t l c 1 log ε Equation 3 Also the common logarithm of inverse transmittance can be expressed by Equation 3 This equation is called Bouguer Beer Lambert Beer law A in Equation 3 is called absorbance abbreviated as Abs Absorbance A is proportional to concentration c Therefore using this relationship quantitative analysis is enabled by comparing absorbance between a co...

Page 328: ...teractive with solute Low volatility Table c 1 lists the applicable wavelength ranges of common organic solvents For details refer to the new Analytical Chemistry volume of Experiment Chemistry Course issued by The Chemical Society of Japan Also the wavelength range where organic solvents are applicable varies with grade It is recommended to use solvents having a grade for spectrochemical analysis...

Page 329: ...cohol Diethyl ether Dioxane n hexane Chloroform Isopropyl alcohol Acetic acid Ethyl acetate Carbon tetrachloride Benzene 2 butane methyl ethyl ketone Acetone Carbon disulfide 200 nm 220 nm 220 nm 220 nm 220 nm 220 nm 250 nm 250 nm 250 nm 270 nm 275 nm 280 nm 335 nm 340 nm 380 nm 200 nm 300 nm 400 nm or more APPENDIX 6 ...

Page 330: ...orescing sample Significantly turbid sample In measurement of a solid sample such as glass plate the energy of beam radiation undergoes a loss r due to reflection on the surface of solid substance This case can be expressed by Equation 4 r varies depending on the reflectance of substance r I I c t l ε 10 0 Equation 4 APPENDIX 7 ...

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