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Operation and Installation Manual for SOLIVIA 2.0/2.5/3.0/3.3/3.6/5.0 EU G4 TR
6. Operating Behavior
EN
6.
Operating Behavior
6.1
General Principle of Operation
The solar inverter converts DC electricity into AC electricity, which
is then fed into the local power grid.
MPP Tracking
The solar inverter has an MPP tracker. The MPP (Maximum Power
Point) tracker is an automatic function that searches in regular
intervals for the operating point with the highest possible power.
On the normal setting, the MPP tracker searches the DC input volt-
age range near the current operating point. If a higher power point
is found, the solar inverter sets this as the new operating point.
The manual "Shadowing" function can be used to set the MPP
tracker to scan over a wider DC voltage range. This MPP tracking
function is especially useful when small shadows regularly pass
over the PV modules, e.g., from chimneys or trees. In order to
adapt the function to local conditions as precisely as possible, the
extended MPP tracking can be configured in three stages.
Electrical Isolation
The AC and DC sides of the solar inverter are electrically isolated
by a high frequency transformer. This makes it impossible for DC
electricity to reach the AC side of the inverter.
Anti-Islanding
The integrated anti-islanding device switches off the solar inverter
when the grid fails.
Temperature Control
The convection cooling system provides optimal heat dissipation.
An internal temperature controller reduces the output power at
ambient temperatures in the upper operating range. The higher the
operating temperature, the greater the power reduction. It is pos-
sible for the power reduction to be adjusted to 0 kW.
6.2
Impact of DC Input Voltage
The DC input voltage values mentioned in this section can be found
in Chapter
“15 Technical Specifications”, p. 80.
The
maximum input voltage
must never be exceeded. Measure
the input voltage and use an overvoltage protection device on the
DC side to prevent higher voltages from reaching the inverter. The
maximum open-circuit voltage occurs at the lowest assumed tem-
perature. More exact information on temperature dependency is
provided in the PV module data sheet.
The
feed-in voltage range
of the solar inverter defines the range
of input voltages over which the solar inverter will feed electricity
into the grid.
The
MPP input voltage range
of the solar inverter defines the
range of input voltages over which the MPP tracker is activated.
6.3
Configuring Permanent Active and Reac-
tive Power Reduction
The settings for reduction of active power and/or reactive power
can be configured during initial commissioning. After completion of
initial commissioning the values can only be changed using a PIN.
6.4
Functions Affecting Operating Behavior
The solar inverter offers various functions for affecting operating
behavior:
●
Active power control
●
Reactive power control
●
Insulation and grounding monitoring
●
Extended MPP tracking in the case of partial shadowing of the
PV modules
The availability of individual functions depends on the configured
grid.
A detailed description of the functions is provided in Chapter
“10 Settings”, p. 52.
6.5
Balancing Asymmetrical Grid Loads
When using single-phase power inverters in a three-phase grid, an
asymmetric phase failure can lead to unreliable grid load.
In some countries, there are specific limits for the grid load, for
example, in Germany this is max. 4.6 kVA between two phases.
If an unreliable grid load can occur during installation, single-phase
solar inverters can only be operated in these countries when a
SOLIVIA Gateway M1 G2 is installed as well.
The Gateway controls the feed-in so that an impermissible grid load
cannot occur during an asymmetric phase failure.
The asymmetrical grid load balancing can be activated during the
initial commissioning.
After completion of initial commissioning, the function can only be
changed using a PIN.
A detailed description of this function can be found in Chapter
“7.1 Planning the Installation”, p. 24.
6.6
Data Analysis and Communication
The solar inverter has a comprehensive system for recording oper-
ating behavior.
The log can be viewed directly on the display. It is also possible
to view the log on a computer using the communication interface
(RS485).
Connecting a SOLIVIA Gateway M1 G2 to the solar inverter allows
this information to be accessed worldwide via the Internet.
All information can be saved to a USB drive to be used later.
The following information and data are logged:
Production Information
The most important production information is recorded in statistics
for day, week, month, year and total runtime. There are also special
statistics for the last seven days the solar inverter was in operation.
All production information is backed up to a separate hard drive
monthly.
Configuration Settings
The configuration settings of the solar inverter can be exchanged
between solar inverters of the same type by using a USB drive.
This above all makes switching solar inverters easier.
