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bus
. One or more conductors used
for transmitting signals, data, or
power. See also address bus and
data bus.
bus master
. A device or subsystem
that controls data transfers between
itself and a subordinate.
C
cable
. The physical medium for
transmitting signals; it includes
copper conductors and optical
fibers.
cache
. A buffer storage that
contains frequently accessed
instructions and data; it is used to
reduce access time.
CD
. Compact disc. A disc, usually
4.75 inches in diameter, from which
data is read optically by means of a
laser.
CD-ROM
. Compact disc read only
memory. High-capacity read-only
memory in the form of an optically
read compact disc. See also CD.
central processing unit (CPU)
.
(1) Synonym for processing unit.
(T) (2) The part of a computer
that includes the circuits that control
the interpretation and execution of
instructions. See central processor,
processing unit, and processor.
central processor
. A processor that
contains the sequencing and
processing facilities for instruction
execution, interruption action,
timing functions, initial program
loading, and other machine-related
functions.
client
. A functional unit that
receives shared services from a
server. (T)
clock
. A device that generates
periodic, accurately spaced signals
used for purposes such as timing,
regulation of the operations of a
processor, or generation of
interrupts. (T)
code
. A collection of instructions
that is in a form that can be read
and processed by a computer.
collision
. An unwanted condition
that results from concurrent
transmissions on a channel. (T)
compatibility
. The capability of a
hardware or software component to
conform to the interface
requirements of a given computer
without adversely affecting its
functions.
CMOS
. complementary metal
oxide semiconductor
complementary metal oxide
semiconductor (CMOS)
. A
technology that combines the
electrical properties of n-type
semiconductors and p-type
semiconductors. See also NMOS,
n-type semiconductor, PMOS,
p-type semiconductor. The positive
and negative voltage requirements
of paired p-type and n-type
semiconductors complement each
other. A low-power input pulse to
a gate of a CMOS device turns one
Glossary
297
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