GRAUPNER 32032, Руководство по программированию

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162 Detail program description - Wing mixers
used today offers considerable benefi ts.
The degree of differential can be changed at any
time, for example, and, in extreme circumstances,
the downward defl ection of an aileron, in what is
termed a "split" position, can be suppressed entirely.
This approach not only reduces or even suppresses
"adverse yaw", but can, in certain circumstances,
even generate a positive yaw: in such cases, an
aileron command will generate a yaw about the
vertical axis in the direction of the turn. For large
glider models in particular, this approach lets such
aircraft fl y "clean" turns using just the ailerons, which
is not otherwise possible unaided.
The adjustment range of -100 % to +100 % makes it
possible to set a differential appropriate for each side,
regardless of the direction of rotation of the aileron
servos. While "0 %" corresponds to a normal linkage,
i.e. no differential, "-100 %" or "+100 %" represents
the "split" function.
For aerobatic fl ying, low absolute values are required
to ensure the model rotates exactly along its
longitudinal axis when an aileron command is given.
Values near to the center (-50 % or +50 %) are typical
for facilitating turns in thermals. The split setting
(-100 %, +100 %) is popular with slope fl iers, where
ailerons alone are often used for turning the model.
A simultaneous tap on the
cd
or
ef
keys of the
right touch pad ( CLEAR ) will reset a changed value
in a given active (inverse video) fi eld back to 0 %.
Note:
Negative values are not usually necessary if channels
are assigned properly.
Diff. ( Differentiation )
WK-Pos.
Diff.
QR-Tr.
QR
Normal QR
+100%
WK2 WK
+100%
0% 0%
+100%
0%
+100%
0%
+100%
0% 0% 0% 0%
+100% 0% 0%
0%
WK +100% 0% +100%
0%
The " c AI d " (topmost) line in the Multi-fl ap menu can
be used to set the extent to which the fl aps act as
ailerons and follow the aileron joystick.; this value is
entered as a percentage. The fl aps differential – to
be set on the line "Diff." (two lines below) – works in
a similar way to the aileron differential, i.e. where an
aileron command acts on the fl aps, the respective
defl ection downwards can be reduced.
The adjustment range of -100 % to +100 % makes
it possible to set a differential appropriate for each
side, regardless of the direction of rotation of the
servos. A value of 0 % is equal to normal linkage, i.e.
the servo travel downwards is the same as the travel
upwards. A value of -100 % to +100 % means that
travel downwards will be reduced to zero for aileron
commands affecting the fl aps ("split" mode).
A simultaneous tap on the
cd
or
ef
keys of the
right touch pad ( CLEAR ) will reset a changed value
in a given active (inverse video) fi eld back to 0 %.
Note:
Negative values are not usually necessary if channels
are assigned properly.
termed "adverse yaw". This effect is naturally greater
on the comparably long aerofoils possessed by model
gliders, compared to e.g. powered aircraft models,
which generally have relatively short moment arms.
For the former, it must normally be compensated for
by making a simultaneous rudder defl ection in the
opposite direction. However, this rudder defl ection
also generates drag and therefore further degrades
fl ight characteristics.
If, on the other hand, a differential is applied to the
aileron orientations, by giving the aileron oriented
downwards a smaller defl ection than the aileron
oriented upwards, the (undesirable) adverse yaw can
be reduced – and possibly entirely negated. However,
the basic precondition for this is that each aileron
must have its own servo present, which can therefore
also be embedded straight into the aerofoils. In
addition, the shorter linkage paths produce an
additional benefi t: reproducible aileron confi gurations
that also exhibit less "play".
0% (normal)
50% (differential)
100% (Split)
Unlike mechanical solutions, which not only
commonly need to be designed and built in when
constructing the model but also produce a slightly
increased "play" in the control system for strong
differentials, the transmitter-based differential typically