Hameg HM 407A Manual Download Page 37

37

Subject to change without notice

The checks should show the same trigger threshold with the
same frequency. On changing the trigger slope, the start of
the sweep changes from the positive-going to the negative-
going edge of the trigger signal.

As described in the Operating Instructions, the trigger frequency
range is dependent on the trigger coupling selected. For lower
frequencies the LF coupling mode can be selected. In this
mode, triggering up to at least 1.5kHz (sine-wave) is possible.
Internally the instrument should trigger perfectly at a display
height of approx. 0.5div, when the appropriate trigger coupling
mode is set.

For external triggering, the external trigger input connector
requires a signal voltage of at least 0.3Vpp, which is in
synchronism with the Y input signal. The voltage value is
dependent on the frequency and the trigger coupling mode
(

AC-DC-HF-LF

).

Checking of the TV triggering is possible with a video signal of
any given polarity.

Use the

 TV-L 

or

 TV-F 

setting for video sync pulse separation.

The correct slope of the sync pulse (front edge) must be
selected and a suitable time coefficient setting must be
chosen. The slope is then valid for both sync frequencies.

Perfect TV triggering is achieved, when in both display modes
the amplitude of the complete TV signal (from white level to
the top of the line sync pulse) is limited between 0.8 and 6div
and sync pulses of more then 0.5 div height. The display should
not shift horizontally during a change of the trigger coupling
from AC to DC when displaying a sine-wave signal without DC
offset.

If both vertical inputs are

 AC 

coupled to the same signal and

both traces are brought to coincide exactly on the screen,
when working in the alternate dual channel mode, then no
change in display should be noticeable, when switching from

TRIG CH I 

to

 TRIG CH II 

or when the trigger coupling is

changed from AC to DC.

Checking of the line/mains frequency triggering (50 - 60Hz) is
possible, when the input signal is time-related (multiple or
submultiple) to the power line frequency (

 ~ LED 

lights). There

is no trigger threshold visible in this trigger mode. Even very
small input signals are triggered stably (e.g. ripple voltage). For
this check, use an input of approx. 1V. The displayed signal
height can then be varied by turning the respective input
attenuator switch and its variable control.

Time base

Before checking the time base it should be ascertained that
the trace length is approx. 10div in all time ranges. The

 X-

MAG. x10 LED 

should not light. This condition should be

maintained until the variation ranges of these controls are
checked. Check that the sweep runs from the left to the right
side of the screen (

TIME/DIV. 

setting to 100ms/div). This

check is only necessary after changing the cathode-ray tube.

If a precise marker signal is not available for checking the Time
base time coefficients, then an accurate sine-wave generator
may be used. Its frequency tolerance should not be greater
than ±0.1%. The time base accuracy of the instrument is given
as ±3%, but it is considerably better than this. For the
simultaneous checking of time base linearity and accuracy at
least 10 oscillations, i.e. 1 cycle every div, should always be
displayed. For precise determination, set the peak of the first
marker or cycle peak exactly behind the first vertical graticule
line using the

 X-POS. 

control. Deviation tendencies can be

noted after some of the marker or cycle peaks. If a precise
Time Mark Generator is used for checking, Normal Triggering
and

 LEVEL 

control adjustment is recommended.

The signal frequency required for each time coefficient setting
can be determined easily by the aid of the readout. In time
measurement condition the distance of the vertical cursor
lines must be set to exactly 1 div. Then both readout information
regarding the time deflection coefficient and the time difference
show exactly the same value. After switching over from time
to frequency measurement, the readout displays the required
signal frequency in each time base setting.

Hold Off time (analog mode only)

The variation of the hold off time setting can not be measured
without opening the instrument. However, a visual check can
be made if the instrument is operated in undelayed time base
mode. Without an input signal, set time base to 50ns/div, use
automatic peak (value) triggering. With minimum hold off time
the trace should be bright. It should noticeably darken if the
hold off time is increased to the maximum.

Component Tester

After selecting component tester mode, a horizontal straight
line should appear immediately, when the test leads are not
connected (open circuit). The length of this trace should be
approx. 8div. With the test leads shorted together, a vertical
straight line with approx. 6div height should be displayed. The
above stated measurements have some tolerances.

Trace Alignment

The CRT has an admissible angular deviation ±5° between the
X deflection plane D1-D2 and the horizontal center line of the
internal graticule. This deviation, due to tube production
tolerances (and only important after changing the CRT), and
also the influence of the earth’s magnetic field, which is
dependent on the instruments North orientation, are corrected
by means of the TR potentiometer. In general, the trace
rotation range is asymmetric. It should be checked, whether
the baseline can be adjusted somewhat sloping to both sides
round about the horizontal center line of the graticule. With the
instrument in its closed case, an angle of rotation ±0.57°
(0.1div difference in elevation per 10div graticule length) is
sufficient for the compensation of the earth’s magnetic field.

Service Instructions

General

The following instructions are intended as an aid for the
electronic technician, who is carrying out readjustments on
the instrument, if the nominal values do not meet the
specifications. These instructions primarily refer to those
faults, which were found after using the Test Instructions.
However, this work should only be carried out by properly
qualified personnel.

 For any further technical information

call or write to HAMEG

. Addresses are provided at the back

of the manual. It is recommended to use only the original
packing material, should the instrument be shipped to for
service or repair (see also Warranty).

Instrument Case Removal

The rear cover can be taken off after unplugging the power
cords triple-contact connector and after two nuts  have been
removed. If a cross recessed pan head screw is present on the
bottom of the instrument, it must be removed too. While the
instrument case is firmly held, the entire chassis with its front

Service Instructions

Summary of Contents for HM 407A

Page 1: ...in analog mode 29 Auto Set 31 Save Recall 31 Component Tester analog mode 31 General 31 Using the Component Tester 32 Test Procedure 32 Test Pattern Displays 32 Testing Resistors 32 Testing Capacitors...

Page 2: ...mity test made by HAMEG is based on the actual generic and product standards In cases where different limit values are applicable HAMEG applies the severer standard For emission the limits for residen...

Page 3: ...100MHz 0 5div Normal DC 100MHz LED for trigger indication Slope positive or negative Sources CH I or II line ext CH I alternate CH II 0 8div Coupling AC 10Hz 100MHz DC 0 100MHz HF 50kHz 100MHz LF 0 1...

Page 4: ...protective earth contact The protective action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord without a protective conductor Themains lineplugmustbeinsertedbeforeconnections are made to measuring...

Page 5: ...is stated for possible queries this helps towards speeding up the processing of guarantee claims Maintenance Various important properties of the oscilloscope should be carefully checked at certain int...

Page 6: ...he readout with the symbol for DC and the symbol for AC coupling Amplitude Measurements In general electrical engineering alternating voltage data normally refers to effective values rms root mean squ...

Page 7: ...ore the measurement It can lie below or above the horizon tal central line according to whether positive and or negative deviations from the ground potential are to be measured Total value of input vo...

Page 8: ...has little meaning For amplifiers with approximately constant group delay therefore good pulse transmission performance the following numerical relationship between rise time tr in ns and bandwidth B...

Page 9: ...tective conductor connections caused by external equipment connected to the mains line e g signal generators with interference protection capacitors Controls and readout The following description assu...

Page 10: ...a pre or post trigger value PT is not indicated by the readout Pressing and holding the STOR ON button switches over to the digital mode but without changing the channel operating mode CH I CH II DUAL...

Page 11: ...and back to PT0 The values refer to the X axis graticule of the screen display 10 1div The following description assumes that the X magnifier x10 is inactive and the signal display starts on the left...

Page 12: ...V In this case also several signal acquisition scans are required hence it is similar to Refresh operation The signal is averaged over the several acquisitions so that amplitude variations e g noise a...

Page 13: ...r pretrigger and post trigger settings the signal acquisition is not complete when the trigger occurs and will only be terminated later After termination the RES LED extinguishes but the signal displa...

Page 14: ...nob In ADD addition mode both Y POS I and Y POS II control knobs are active If the instrument is set to analog XY mode this control knob is inactive and the X POS knob must be used for a horizontal po...

Page 15: ...trigger point setting voltage The trigger unit starts the time base when the edge of a trigger signal crosses the trigger point In most Yt modes the trigger point is displayed in the readout by the s...

Page 16: ...nged All controls related to both channels are active if the inputs 31 and 35 are not set to GD 33 37 Whether alternated or chopped channel switching is present depends on the actual time base setting...

Page 17: ...ing in DUAL mode Under these conditions both TRIG CH I and CH II LEDs are lit As alternate triggering requires alternate channel operation alternate channel switching is set automatically A change of...

Page 18: ...of the trace can be set with the DEL POS control in the time base modes SEA SEARCH or DEL DELAY See SEA DEL ON OFF 29 STORAGE MODE ONLY The DEL POS control and the HO LED are disabled since in this m...

Page 19: ...eviously active settings Automatic normal triggering 15 trigger LEVEL 17 trigger slope 15 and trigger coupling 26 will be stored The instrument will be automatically switched to normal triggering NM a...

Page 20: ...as an earth ground symbol instead of the deflection coefficient and the AC or DC symbol The GD setting disables the input signal the AC DC 36 pushbutton and the VOLTS DIV 24 knob In automatic trigger...

Page 21: ...In this mode two signals are normally applied causing an X and a Y deflection The deflection coefficient selected for each channel may be different thus as in DUAL mode the V cursor measurement requi...

Page 22: ...ent the cursor moves fast 44 CAL Pushbutton and concentric socket A squarewave signal of 0 2Vpp 1 is available from the socket for probe adjustment purposes The signal frequency depends on the pushbut...

Page 23: ...eady for use If the AUTO SET function was not used and only a spot appears CAUTION CRT phosphor can be damaged reduce the intensity immediately and check that the XY mode is not selected XY not displa...

Page 24: ...displayed on the CRT screen should have the same value as during the 1kHz adjustment Probes other than those mentioned above normally have a larger tip diameter and may not fit into the calibrator out...

Page 25: ...n the result The following must be noted here Becauseoftheperiodicnatureofthetrigonometricfunctions the calculation should be limited to angles 90 However here is the advantage of the method Due to ph...

Page 26: ...g signal AC voltage are displayable in Yt mode In this mode the signal voltage deflects the beam in vertical direction Y while the time base generator moves the beam from the left to the right of the...

Page 27: ...e previous slope setting for the undelayed time base trigger is stored and still active For further information please note Controls and readout The time base generator can be triggered by a rising or...

Page 28: ...lit 26 The trigger point symbol is inactive in line mains trigger mode as there is no direct amplitude relationship between the trigger voltage and the signal voltage A voltage originating from mains...

Page 29: ...sweep periods approx up to the ratio 10 1 Pulses or other signal waveforms appearing during this off period cannot trigger the time base Particularly with burst signals or aperiodic pulse trains of t...

Page 30: ...tion coefficient must be increased with TIME DIV knob A larger deflection coefficient than in the SEARCH mode cannot be set Example The SEARCH setting selected in figure 2 is 5ms cm The display in DEL...

Page 31: ...veral frequencies e g video signals are present AUTO SET sets the instrument automatically to the following operating conditions The input coupling is not affected while AC or DC is used but if GD was...

Page 32: ...e will tend towards the horizontal axis and with low values the slope will move towards the vertical axis Values of resistance from 20 to 4 7k can be approximately evaluated The determination of actua...

Page 33: ...n circuit tests are possible in many cases However they are not well defined This is caused by a shunt connection of real or complex impedances especially if they are of relatively low impedance at 50...

Page 34: ...rizontal center graticule line by using the Y POS control Then the trigger point symbol may be set 2 division above the 0 Volt position using the LEVEL control If the deflection coefficient is set to...

Page 35: ...commended to switch on the instrument for about 20 minutes prior to the commencement of any check Cathode Ray Tube Brightness and Focus Linearity Raster Distortion Normally the CRT of the instrument h...

Page 36: ...regular intervals the deflection coefficients on all positions of the input attenuators and readjust them as necessary A compensated 2 1 series attenuator is also necessary and this must be matched t...

Page 37: ...For precise determination set the peak of the first marker or cycle peak exactly behind the first vertical graticule line using the X POS control Deviation tendencies can be noted after some of the m...

Page 38: ...ariable resistor 100k located on the CRT PCB is used for this adjustment procedure It may only be touched by a properlyinsulatingscrewdriver Caution Highvoltage Correct adjustment is achieved when the...

Page 39: ...a high level reference potential is not permitted and endangers operator oscilloscope interface and peripheral devices In case of disregard of the safety warnings contained in this manual HAMEG refuse...

Page 40: ...40 Subject to change without notice Front Panel HM407...

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