Hameg HM 407A Manual Download Page 12

12

Subject to change without notice

If digital

 SINGLE (SGL) 

mode has not been chosen, one

of the associated LEDs is lit. The signal capture and
display mode can be selected by pressing one of the
buttons. The mode setting is indicated by one of the LEDs
(

RFR, ENV, AVM 

and

 ROL

) and also displayed by the

readout. The only exception is in XY storage mode. Then
the

 RFR-LED 

is lit and the readout displays XY. No other

signal capture and display mode can be chosen in XY
mode. The desired Yt signal capture mode can be selected
by pressing the upper or lower

 STOR. MODE 

button.

The following description presumes that

 HOLD (HLD) 

is

not activated and the trigger conditions are met.

(9)

RFR 

- stands for  refresh operation. In this mode, as in

analog mode, periodically repeating signals can be captured
and displayed.

The signal acquisition is started by triggering the digital
time base. Then the  previously captured and displayed
signal will be overwritten with the current signal. This will
be displayed until the digital time base is triggered again.
This is in contrast to analog operation where the screen
remains blank when the time base is not triggered.

In  refresh mode, the signal acquisition can be effected
with pre-triggering or post-triggering when a time base
between 20ms/cm and 1µs/cm is selected. The pre-
triggering or post-triggering will be automatically switched
off (PT0%), with larger time coefficients (100s/cm to
50ms/cm) in order to avoid excessive waiting times. If it
is required to measure with pretrigger or post-trigger in
this time base range, one should select single shot

(SINGLE = SGL)

.

In XY digital mode the

 RFR-LED 

lights. It indicates a

continuous, trigger independent signal acquisition. The
trigger circuit is switched off.

(9)

ENV 

- is the abbreviation for  ENVELOPE operation.

In this mode the minimum and maximum values of the
signal during several signal acquisitions will be determined
and displayed. Except for this display, the ENVELOPE
operation is identical to the refresh operation.

Changes in the signal are easier to measure and are more
visible in ENVELOPE operation. This is valid not only for
amplitude changes but also for frequency variations
(Jitter).

The ENVELOPE evaluation begins anew when the

 SIN-

GLE (10) 

button is pressed briefly, to actuate the

 RESET

(RES) 

function.

Attention!
The pretrigger or post-trigger will be automatically
switched off  (PT0%) in the time base range from 100s/
cm to 50ms/cm.

(9)

AVM 

- indicates  Average (mean value) mode.

This operation is effective when the  AVM-LED lights up
and the readout displays

 AV...

 .

In this case also several signal acquisition scans are
required;  hence,  it is similar to  Refresh operation. The
signal is averaged over the several acquisitions so that
amplitude variations ( e.g.  noise) and frequency variations
(Jitter) are minimized or eliminated in the display.

The accuracy of the mean value evaluation increases as
the number the number of signal acquisition scans used
for evaluation is increased. One can select the number
between  2 and 512. The selected setting is displayed in
the readout. Of course, with increasing  accuracy the
time required for this also increases.

To select a different value briefly press both

 STOR. MODE

pushbuttons simultaneously. The

 AV... 

display in the

readout flashes indicating the setting mode. Now, the
value can be changed by briefly pressing the upper or lower

STOR. MODE 

button. The setting mode can be exited by

again briefly pressing the two buttons simultaneously. The
setting mode will also be switched off automatically if none
of the two buttons is actuated during  about 10 seconds.

The averaging begins anew after briefly pressing the

SINGLE (10) 

pushbutton (RESET-function).

Attention!
The pretrigger  or post-trigger  will be automatically
switched off (PT0%) in the time base range from 100s/
cm to 50ms/cm.

(9) ROL 

- indicates ROLL mode.

In

 ROLL 

mode the ROL-LED is lit and the readout displays

“ROL”

.

In this mode, the memory contents and thus also the
signal display, are continuously updated. Because signal
capture is untriggered, no idle states arise while waiting
for a new trigger event to start signal capture. With each
signal sampling the new value is shown on the right-hand
edge of the screen, while the previously captured data
are shifted to the left. The leftmost value is shifted out of
the memory and lost.

The recording can be stopped at any time by selecting the

HOLD (7) 

function.

ROLL mode can only be used with time coefficients from
100s/div to 50ms/div, as lower time coefficients (faster
time base speeds) are impractical.

If the time base is set to values between 20ms/div and
1µs/div and ROLL mode is selected, the time base will be
automatically set to 50ms/cm. The time deflection
coefficient set previously before switching to ROLL mode
will be internally stored  (e.g. 20ms/cm). If ROLL mode
has been selected inadvertently and the

 TIME/DIV. 

knob

has not been changed, the time base will be automatically
set to the internally stored coefficient when switching
from

 ROLL 

to

 AVERAGE 

mode.

(10) SINGLE 

- Pushbutton with two functions and associated

LEDs.

SINGLE

Pressing and holding the SINGLE pushbutton switches
between SINGLE and:

1.storage mode Yt (time base) or XY operation or
2.analog mode Yt (time base) operation,

dependent on the actual instrument setting.

Controls and readout

Summary of Contents for HM 407A

Page 1: ...in analog mode 29 Auto Set 31 Save Recall 31 Component Tester analog mode 31 General 31 Using the Component Tester 32 Test Procedure 32 Test Pattern Displays 32 Testing Resistors 32 Testing Capacitors...

Page 2: ...mity test made by HAMEG is based on the actual generic and product standards In cases where different limit values are applicable HAMEG applies the severer standard For emission the limits for residen...

Page 3: ...100MHz 0 5div Normal DC 100MHz LED for trigger indication Slope positive or negative Sources CH I or II line ext CH I alternate CH II 0 8div Coupling AC 10Hz 100MHz DC 0 100MHz HF 50kHz 100MHz LF 0 1...

Page 4: ...protective earth contact The protective action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord without a protective conductor Themains lineplugmustbeinsertedbeforeconnections are made to measuring...

Page 5: ...is stated for possible queries this helps towards speeding up the processing of guarantee claims Maintenance Various important properties of the oscilloscope should be carefully checked at certain int...

Page 6: ...he readout with the symbol for DC and the symbol for AC coupling Amplitude Measurements In general electrical engineering alternating voltage data normally refers to effective values rms root mean squ...

Page 7: ...ore the measurement It can lie below or above the horizon tal central line according to whether positive and or negative deviations from the ground potential are to be measured Total value of input vo...

Page 8: ...has little meaning For amplifiers with approximately constant group delay therefore good pulse transmission performance the following numerical relationship between rise time tr in ns and bandwidth B...

Page 9: ...tective conductor connections caused by external equipment connected to the mains line e g signal generators with interference protection capacitors Controls and readout The following description assu...

Page 10: ...a pre or post trigger value PT is not indicated by the readout Pressing and holding the STOR ON button switches over to the digital mode but without changing the channel operating mode CH I CH II DUAL...

Page 11: ...and back to PT0 The values refer to the X axis graticule of the screen display 10 1div The following description assumes that the X magnifier x10 is inactive and the signal display starts on the left...

Page 12: ...V In this case also several signal acquisition scans are required hence it is similar to Refresh operation The signal is averaged over the several acquisitions so that amplitude variations e g noise a...

Page 13: ...r pretrigger and post trigger settings the signal acquisition is not complete when the trigger occurs and will only be terminated later After termination the RES LED extinguishes but the signal displa...

Page 14: ...nob In ADD addition mode both Y POS I and Y POS II control knobs are active If the instrument is set to analog XY mode this control knob is inactive and the X POS knob must be used for a horizontal po...

Page 15: ...trigger point setting voltage The trigger unit starts the time base when the edge of a trigger signal crosses the trigger point In most Yt modes the trigger point is displayed in the readout by the s...

Page 16: ...nged All controls related to both channels are active if the inputs 31 and 35 are not set to GD 33 37 Whether alternated or chopped channel switching is present depends on the actual time base setting...

Page 17: ...ing in DUAL mode Under these conditions both TRIG CH I and CH II LEDs are lit As alternate triggering requires alternate channel operation alternate channel switching is set automatically A change of...

Page 18: ...of the trace can be set with the DEL POS control in the time base modes SEA SEARCH or DEL DELAY See SEA DEL ON OFF 29 STORAGE MODE ONLY The DEL POS control and the HO LED are disabled since in this m...

Page 19: ...eviously active settings Automatic normal triggering 15 trigger LEVEL 17 trigger slope 15 and trigger coupling 26 will be stored The instrument will be automatically switched to normal triggering NM a...

Page 20: ...as an earth ground symbol instead of the deflection coefficient and the AC or DC symbol The GD setting disables the input signal the AC DC 36 pushbutton and the VOLTS DIV 24 knob In automatic trigger...

Page 21: ...In this mode two signals are normally applied causing an X and a Y deflection The deflection coefficient selected for each channel may be different thus as in DUAL mode the V cursor measurement requi...

Page 22: ...ent the cursor moves fast 44 CAL Pushbutton and concentric socket A squarewave signal of 0 2Vpp 1 is available from the socket for probe adjustment purposes The signal frequency depends on the pushbut...

Page 23: ...eady for use If the AUTO SET function was not used and only a spot appears CAUTION CRT phosphor can be damaged reduce the intensity immediately and check that the XY mode is not selected XY not displa...

Page 24: ...displayed on the CRT screen should have the same value as during the 1kHz adjustment Probes other than those mentioned above normally have a larger tip diameter and may not fit into the calibrator out...

Page 25: ...n the result The following must be noted here Becauseoftheperiodicnatureofthetrigonometricfunctions the calculation should be limited to angles 90 However here is the advantage of the method Due to ph...

Page 26: ...g signal AC voltage are displayable in Yt mode In this mode the signal voltage deflects the beam in vertical direction Y while the time base generator moves the beam from the left to the right of the...

Page 27: ...e previous slope setting for the undelayed time base trigger is stored and still active For further information please note Controls and readout The time base generator can be triggered by a rising or...

Page 28: ...lit 26 The trigger point symbol is inactive in line mains trigger mode as there is no direct amplitude relationship between the trigger voltage and the signal voltage A voltage originating from mains...

Page 29: ...sweep periods approx up to the ratio 10 1 Pulses or other signal waveforms appearing during this off period cannot trigger the time base Particularly with burst signals or aperiodic pulse trains of t...

Page 30: ...tion coefficient must be increased with TIME DIV knob A larger deflection coefficient than in the SEARCH mode cannot be set Example The SEARCH setting selected in figure 2 is 5ms cm The display in DEL...

Page 31: ...veral frequencies e g video signals are present AUTO SET sets the instrument automatically to the following operating conditions The input coupling is not affected while AC or DC is used but if GD was...

Page 32: ...e will tend towards the horizontal axis and with low values the slope will move towards the vertical axis Values of resistance from 20 to 4 7k can be approximately evaluated The determination of actua...

Page 33: ...n circuit tests are possible in many cases However they are not well defined This is caused by a shunt connection of real or complex impedances especially if they are of relatively low impedance at 50...

Page 34: ...rizontal center graticule line by using the Y POS control Then the trigger point symbol may be set 2 division above the 0 Volt position using the LEVEL control If the deflection coefficient is set to...

Page 35: ...commended to switch on the instrument for about 20 minutes prior to the commencement of any check Cathode Ray Tube Brightness and Focus Linearity Raster Distortion Normally the CRT of the instrument h...

Page 36: ...regular intervals the deflection coefficients on all positions of the input attenuators and readjust them as necessary A compensated 2 1 series attenuator is also necessary and this must be matched t...

Page 37: ...For precise determination set the peak of the first marker or cycle peak exactly behind the first vertical graticule line using the X POS control Deviation tendencies can be noted after some of the m...

Page 38: ...ariable resistor 100k located on the CRT PCB is used for this adjustment procedure It may only be touched by a properlyinsulatingscrewdriver Caution Highvoltage Correct adjustment is achieved when the...

Page 39: ...a high level reference potential is not permitted and endangers operator oscilloscope interface and peripheral devices In case of disregard of the safety warnings contained in this manual HAMEG refuse...

Page 40: ...40 Subject to change without notice Front Panel HM407...

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