Hameg HM 407A Manual Download Page 23

23

Subject to change without notice

1.2.1.4

 TRIG SYMBOL ON/OFF

In most of the Yt (time base) modes the readout displays a trigger
point symbol which will not be displayed in condition OFF.

1.2.1.5

 DC REF ON/OFF

If

 ON 

is selected and

 Yt 

(time base) mode is present, the

readout displays a ground symbol (

⊥⊥

⊥⊥

). This symbol eases the

evaluation and determination of DC contents by indicating the
0 Volt reference position.

1.2.2

 FACTORY 

contains

1.2.2.1

 LOAD S/R DEFAULT (S/R = SAVE/RECALL)

.

This overwrites all

 SAVE/RECALL 

memories with the following

instrument setting: Single channel operation (

“Y1:500mV~”

),

time base (“T:100µs”), automatic peak value triggering and
AC trigger coupling.

1.2.2.2

 RESTORE FACTORY DEFAULT

If inadvertently an adjustment was performed in

 CALIBRATE

MENU 

condition, which was not stored by

 OVERWRITE

FACTORY DEFAULT

, the factory adjustments can be recalled

by this function.

1.2.2.3

 OVERWRITE FACTORY DEFAULT

Attention!
Calling this function causes the factory  adjustments to
be overwritten by new data. The factory adjustment
then is lost and can not be recalled by RESTORE
FACTORY DEFAULT.

This function is only intended for those cases in which
an adjustment can be performed with very expensive
”0% error” calibrators, to adjust the instrument for
optimum tolerance when operated under extreme en-
vironmental conditions.

1.3

 HO79

This information will only be displayed if the interface

 HO79-

is connected to the oscilloscope. 

For further information

please note the HO79-6 manual which is supplied with the
interface.

First Time Operation

The following text assumes that the

 “SAFETY” 

section of this

manual has been read carefully and understood.

Each time before the instrument is put into operation check that
the oscilloscope is connected to protective earth. For that reason
the power cable must be connected to the oscilloscope and the
power outlet. Then the test lead(s) must be connected to the
oscilloscope input(s). Check that the device under test is switched
off and connect the test lead(s) to the test point(s). Then switch
on the instrument and afterwards the device under test.

The oscilloscope is switched on by depressing the red

 POWER

pushbutton. After a few seconds the

 HAMEG 

logo and the

instrument software release is displayed on the screen. As
long as the

 HAMEG 

logo is visible different internal checks are

made. Thereafter the instrument will revert to its last used
operating mode.

If after approx. 20 seconds no trace is visible, the

 AUTO SET

pushbutton should be pressed briefly. This selects the Yt
mode and medium trace and readout intensity (please note

“AUTO SET”

). Adjust

 Y-POS.I 

and

 X-POS. 

controls to center

the baseline. Adjust

 INTENS. 

(intensity) and

 FOCUS 

controls

for medium brightness and optimum sharpness (input(s)
grounded) of the trace. The oscilloscope is now ready for use.

If the

 AUTO SET 

function was not used and only a spot

appears (CAUTION! CRT phosphor can be damaged), reduce
the intensity immediately and check that the XY mode is not
selected (XY not displayed in the readout).

To obtain the maximum life from the cathode-ray tube, the
minimum intensity setting necessary for the measurement in
hand and the ambient light conditions should be used.

Particular care is required when a single spot is displayed, as
a very high intensity setting may cause damage to the
fluorescent screen of the CRT. Switching the oscilloscope off
and on at short intervals stresses the cathode of the CRT and
should therefore be avoided.

The instrument is so designed that even incorrect operation
will not cause serious damage.

Trace Rotation TR

In spite of Mumetal-shielding of the CRT, effects of the earth’s
magnetic field on the horizontal trace position cannot be
completely avoided. This is dependent upon the orientation of
the oscilloscope on the place of work. A centered trace may
not align exactly with the horizontal center line of the graticule.
A few degrees of misalignment can be corrected by a
potentiometer accessible through an opening on the front
panel marked TR.

Probe compensation and use

To display an undistorted waveform on an oscilloscope, the
probe must be matched to the individual input impedance of
the vertical amplifier.

For this purpose a square wave signal with a very fast rise time
and minimum overshoot should be used, as the sinusoidal
contents cover a wide frequency range.

The built-in calibration generator provides a square wave signal
with a very fast risetime (<4ns), and switch-selectable
frequencies of approx. 1kHz and 1MHz from the output socket
below the CRT screen.

As the squarewave signals are used for probe compensation
adjustments, neither the frequency accuracy nor the pulse
duty factor are of importance and therefore not specified.

The output provides 0.2Vpp ±1% (tr <4ns) for 10:1 probes.
When the Y deflection coefficient is set to 5mV/div, the
calibration voltage corresponds to a vertical display of 4
divisions (10:1 probe).

The output socket has an internal diameter of 4.9mm to
accommodate the internationally accepted shielding tube
diameter of modern Probes and F-series slimline probes. Only
this type of construction ensures the extremely short ground
connections which are essential for an undistorted waveform
reproduction of non-sinusoidal high frequency signals.

Adjustment at 1kHz

The C-trimmer adjustment (low frequency) compensates the
capacitive loading on the oscilloscope input. By this adjustment,
the capacitive division assumes the same ratio as the ohmic
voltage divider to ensure the same division ratio for high and
low frequencies, as for DC. (For 1:1 probes or switchable
probes set to 1:1, this adjustment is neither required nor
possible). A baseline parallel to the horizontal graticule lines is
essential for accurate probe adjustments. (

See also “Trace

rotation TR”).

First Time Operation

Summary of Contents for HM 407A

Page 1: ...in analog mode 29 Auto Set 31 Save Recall 31 Component Tester analog mode 31 General 31 Using the Component Tester 32 Test Procedure 32 Test Pattern Displays 32 Testing Resistors 32 Testing Capacitors...

Page 2: ...mity test made by HAMEG is based on the actual generic and product standards In cases where different limit values are applicable HAMEG applies the severer standard For emission the limits for residen...

Page 3: ...100MHz 0 5div Normal DC 100MHz LED for trigger indication Slope positive or negative Sources CH I or II line ext CH I alternate CH II 0 8div Coupling AC 10Hz 100MHz DC 0 100MHz HF 50kHz 100MHz LF 0 1...

Page 4: ...protective earth contact The protective action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord without a protective conductor Themains lineplugmustbeinsertedbeforeconnections are made to measuring...

Page 5: ...is stated for possible queries this helps towards speeding up the processing of guarantee claims Maintenance Various important properties of the oscilloscope should be carefully checked at certain int...

Page 6: ...he readout with the symbol for DC and the symbol for AC coupling Amplitude Measurements In general electrical engineering alternating voltage data normally refers to effective values rms root mean squ...

Page 7: ...ore the measurement It can lie below or above the horizon tal central line according to whether positive and or negative deviations from the ground potential are to be measured Total value of input vo...

Page 8: ...has little meaning For amplifiers with approximately constant group delay therefore good pulse transmission performance the following numerical relationship between rise time tr in ns and bandwidth B...

Page 9: ...tective conductor connections caused by external equipment connected to the mains line e g signal generators with interference protection capacitors Controls and readout The following description assu...

Page 10: ...a pre or post trigger value PT is not indicated by the readout Pressing and holding the STOR ON button switches over to the digital mode but without changing the channel operating mode CH I CH II DUAL...

Page 11: ...and back to PT0 The values refer to the X axis graticule of the screen display 10 1div The following description assumes that the X magnifier x10 is inactive and the signal display starts on the left...

Page 12: ...V In this case also several signal acquisition scans are required hence it is similar to Refresh operation The signal is averaged over the several acquisitions so that amplitude variations e g noise a...

Page 13: ...r pretrigger and post trigger settings the signal acquisition is not complete when the trigger occurs and will only be terminated later After termination the RES LED extinguishes but the signal displa...

Page 14: ...nob In ADD addition mode both Y POS I and Y POS II control knobs are active If the instrument is set to analog XY mode this control knob is inactive and the X POS knob must be used for a horizontal po...

Page 15: ...trigger point setting voltage The trigger unit starts the time base when the edge of a trigger signal crosses the trigger point In most Yt modes the trigger point is displayed in the readout by the s...

Page 16: ...nged All controls related to both channels are active if the inputs 31 and 35 are not set to GD 33 37 Whether alternated or chopped channel switching is present depends on the actual time base setting...

Page 17: ...ing in DUAL mode Under these conditions both TRIG CH I and CH II LEDs are lit As alternate triggering requires alternate channel operation alternate channel switching is set automatically A change of...

Page 18: ...of the trace can be set with the DEL POS control in the time base modes SEA SEARCH or DEL DELAY See SEA DEL ON OFF 29 STORAGE MODE ONLY The DEL POS control and the HO LED are disabled since in this m...

Page 19: ...eviously active settings Automatic normal triggering 15 trigger LEVEL 17 trigger slope 15 and trigger coupling 26 will be stored The instrument will be automatically switched to normal triggering NM a...

Page 20: ...as an earth ground symbol instead of the deflection coefficient and the AC or DC symbol The GD setting disables the input signal the AC DC 36 pushbutton and the VOLTS DIV 24 knob In automatic trigger...

Page 21: ...In this mode two signals are normally applied causing an X and a Y deflection The deflection coefficient selected for each channel may be different thus as in DUAL mode the V cursor measurement requi...

Page 22: ...ent the cursor moves fast 44 CAL Pushbutton and concentric socket A squarewave signal of 0 2Vpp 1 is available from the socket for probe adjustment purposes The signal frequency depends on the pushbut...

Page 23: ...eady for use If the AUTO SET function was not used and only a spot appears CAUTION CRT phosphor can be damaged reduce the intensity immediately and check that the XY mode is not selected XY not displa...

Page 24: ...displayed on the CRT screen should have the same value as during the 1kHz adjustment Probes other than those mentioned above normally have a larger tip diameter and may not fit into the calibrator out...

Page 25: ...n the result The following must be noted here Becauseoftheperiodicnatureofthetrigonometricfunctions the calculation should be limited to angles 90 However here is the advantage of the method Due to ph...

Page 26: ...g signal AC voltage are displayable in Yt mode In this mode the signal voltage deflects the beam in vertical direction Y while the time base generator moves the beam from the left to the right of the...

Page 27: ...e previous slope setting for the undelayed time base trigger is stored and still active For further information please note Controls and readout The time base generator can be triggered by a rising or...

Page 28: ...lit 26 The trigger point symbol is inactive in line mains trigger mode as there is no direct amplitude relationship between the trigger voltage and the signal voltage A voltage originating from mains...

Page 29: ...sweep periods approx up to the ratio 10 1 Pulses or other signal waveforms appearing during this off period cannot trigger the time base Particularly with burst signals or aperiodic pulse trains of t...

Page 30: ...tion coefficient must be increased with TIME DIV knob A larger deflection coefficient than in the SEARCH mode cannot be set Example The SEARCH setting selected in figure 2 is 5ms cm The display in DEL...

Page 31: ...veral frequencies e g video signals are present AUTO SET sets the instrument automatically to the following operating conditions The input coupling is not affected while AC or DC is used but if GD was...

Page 32: ...e will tend towards the horizontal axis and with low values the slope will move towards the vertical axis Values of resistance from 20 to 4 7k can be approximately evaluated The determination of actua...

Page 33: ...n circuit tests are possible in many cases However they are not well defined This is caused by a shunt connection of real or complex impedances especially if they are of relatively low impedance at 50...

Page 34: ...rizontal center graticule line by using the Y POS control Then the trigger point symbol may be set 2 division above the 0 Volt position using the LEVEL control If the deflection coefficient is set to...

Page 35: ...commended to switch on the instrument for about 20 minutes prior to the commencement of any check Cathode Ray Tube Brightness and Focus Linearity Raster Distortion Normally the CRT of the instrument h...

Page 36: ...regular intervals the deflection coefficients on all positions of the input attenuators and readjust them as necessary A compensated 2 1 series attenuator is also necessary and this must be matched t...

Page 37: ...For precise determination set the peak of the first marker or cycle peak exactly behind the first vertical graticule line using the X POS control Deviation tendencies can be noted after some of the m...

Page 38: ...ariable resistor 100k located on the CRT PCB is used for this adjustment procedure It may only be touched by a properlyinsulatingscrewdriver Caution Highvoltage Correct adjustment is achieved when the...

Page 39: ...a high level reference potential is not permitted and endangers operator oscilloscope interface and peripheral devices In case of disregard of the safety warnings contained in this manual HAMEG refuse...

Page 40: ...40 Subject to change without notice Front Panel HM407...

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